Experiment 1A

This experiment is about entrophy system and has purpose to learn entrophy
changing of system in some reaction. The first experiment (1A) is preparing 3 test
tubes and given name test tube A, B, and C. Then poured 10 mL of aquadest into
each test tubes and measured the temperature using thermometer. The temperature
of three test tubes are the same 32°C. Next added ½ spatula of NaOH solid that
has been measured the weigh using analytical balance. The weigh of NaOH solid
in test tube A is 0,4937 gram, test tube B is 0,4550, and test tube C is 0,5059.
After measuring the NaOH solid, poured into each test tubes and shaken until
dissolve. Aquadest is colorless, NaOH solid is white crystal and when it’s shaked
the color of the solution is colorless and it feels hot. After that measured the
temperature again using thermometer and we got temperature in test tube A is
40°C, test tube B is 39°C, and test tube C is 39,5°C. Based on the temperature
changing, the temperature are increasing and higher than initial temperature, the
solution in each test tubes feel hot. So, this reaction is included exothermic
reaction, that the temperature increase and the system was release calor. The
reaction that occur is:

NaOH (s) + H2O (l)  NaOH (aq)

Then count the enthropy (∆S) and enthalpy (∆H) in this reaction and we got
enthralphy (∆H) is -6,9375 J and enthrophy (∆S) is 0,0222 J/K. The negative
value of ∆H prove that the reaction is exothermic, and the positive value of
entropy prove that value of entropy increased or the system change from
regularity condition into less regularity condition and it is spontaneous reaction.
Experiment 1B

The second experiment (1B) is preparing 3 test tubes and given name test tube A,
B, and C. Then poured 10 mL of aquadest into each test tubes and measured the
temperature using thermometer. The temperature of three test tubes are the same
32°C. Next added ½ spatula of KNO3 solid that has been measured the weigh
using analytical balance. The weigh of KNO3 solid in test tube A is 0,1829 gram,
test tube B is 0,1156, and test tube C is 0,1656. After measuring the KNO3 solid,
poured into each test tubes and shaken until dissolve. Aquadest is colorless, KNO3
solid is white powder and when it’s shaked the color of the solution is colorless
and it feels hot. After that measured the temperature again using thermometer and
we got temperature in all test tubes (test tube A, B, and C) are 31°C. Based on the
temperature changing, the temperature are decreasing and lower 1°C than initial
temperature, the solution in each test tubes little feel cold. So, this reaction is
included endothermic reaction, that the temperature decrease and the system was
accept calor. The reaction that occur is:

KNO3 (s) + H2O (l)  KNO3 (aq)

Then count the enthropy (∆S) and enthalpy (∆H) in this reaction and we got
enthralphy (∆H) is 0,1152 J and enthrophy (∆S) is -0,0003788 J/K. The positive
values of ∆H prove that the reaction is endothermic, and the negative values of
entropy prove that entropy decreased or the system change from irregularity
condition into regularity condition and it is unspontaneous reaction.