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Restrictive equations :
The Economical Advantages of This Method: MEOR is
considered as a suitable method in increasing production on
expenditure aspects by many ways. Other advantages to be mentioned
are as follows: The microbes and injected nutrients are cheap and
available so they can be easily transported in oil fields. MEOR is
economically suitable technique for discrete and small reservoirs. The
cost of injection fluid does not depend on the oil price. The fulfillment of
the process just needs a little improvement on field facilities and
therefore it does not need a great cost. This method can be easily
performed by the equipments, which are used for washing by water.
The fulfillment of MEOR is easier and cheaper than other processes.
All MEOR products are environmentally hazardous. The microbial
population can be regulated by available nutrients. In the other word, if
nutrients are not injected, microbes will die, so the presence of
microbial population can be controlled.
Modeling
One dimensional mathematical model developed by Desouky et al.
[11] was used for bacteria, nutrient , metabolites, oil and water,
respectively. The mass balance equations are given below and that of
metabolites was considered together with superficial absorption,
distribution, bacterial growth and decomposing, nutrient composition,
permeability destruction and reductive porosity effects.
How to Solve The Equations:
According to the physics of the problem:
Mathematical Formulation
Here are five equations for preserving bacteria, nutritious, metabolites,
ko
oil & water. θ o = 0.5 λo = qo= ⎧C oo = 0.995
⎪
o ⎨ t=0
⎪ x=0
⎩
If x=0 , Po = cte t=50 hr. Ts=o R=100 for
Strain –o12
By equation 4 (oil)
⎛∂ ⎞ ∂ ⎡ ∂p ⎤ q o p o c oo
φ⎜ (θ o ρ o C oo ⎟ = ⎢ (λo ρ o C oo )⎥ + vp
⎝ ∂t ⎠ ∂x ⎣ ∂x ⎦
qo ρ o K
θ o ρ o C oo = ∫ c oo dt ⇒ K 1C (s ) = 2 (C (s ) + c )
vpφ s
θ o ρ o =k1 q o ρ o =k 2
vpφ
C C t
K1 C k 2 k1 C
⇒ C (s ) = S = ⇒ C oo = e , = 0 .995
K K K1 K1
K1 − 2 S− 2
S K1
On graphs C n = 0.02 , kw
λw =
μw
θr = 0 By equation 5 for (water) Æ θ w = 0.5
∂ ⎤ q w ρ w c ww
φ (θ w ρ w C ww ) = ∂ ⎡ ∂p
⎢⎣ ∂ x (λ w ρ w c ww )⎥⎦ +
∂t ∂x vp
SPE 101767 3
1 ⎛ − qω h ⎞
p ((n + 1)h ) = ⎜ + p (nh )⎟
e Θω (n ) ⎝ V p λω
t ⎜ ⎟
⎠
q h q h A(n )
ω
− e
vpλω vpλ
p (nh ) =
1 − e A (n )
The Assumptions:
1- it is assumed that constructed distance blocks are filled by a single
time block(t). i.e., by water movement each distance block reaches to a
new saturation state and in each period the saturation degree for water
is considered as a constant value and a new saturation state is
obtained by calculation. If such an assumption is not made two distinct
problems arisen:
First, the wronskian matrix would not vanish and the solution of
equations would not be possible. Second, there would be no
consideration for water motion in reservoir.
2- Experimental θr values are used [11] and a new equation
Results:
Fig1 - Cww profile : According to the calculations it has an
exponential drop, but it is constant along the axis X as we find out by
the equations:
C
= 0.98 = 1 − C n
K1
t
C k 2 k1
C ww = e
K1
Fig.6 - P Plot :
At the end of span x (production well).
Fig. 7 - Px(o) Plot:This diagram shows the gradient of the pressure in Fig. 11 - Vw Plot : Shows the amount of existing water in reservoirs
the opening of the well. By considering the formula, gradient of the that will be computed by the integral q_func.m
pressure will be computed in different periods.
( λ = k ) in water phase
μ
Conclusions: REFERENCES:
1-Considering the relation between C and V0 , by increasing the 1- U.S.A National Oil Advisor Group, "Oil Recovery", December 1976.
number of the periods, saturation ( θ ° ) increases and ( θ w ) decrease 2-Ali Moshtaqian,"Exploration Plan of So Heavy Oil",Iran National Oil
Company, June 1983.
sharply, due to the decrease in the amount of oil and water in the
3-Journal of Petroleum Technology, "Marine Production of Heavy Oil",
reservoir . This may results some calculating error.
January 1989.
2-When oil volume in the reservoir V01 increases, according to the
4-P.J.Schouler, "Improving Chemical Injection Usage by Chemical,
equation ( V = Vo1 ), Vp will be also increased. As Vp is in the
Nuclear, Alkaline & Polymeric Process ", Journal of Petroleum
0.1787ϕ
p
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