LYNDON

NAIDOO

STUDENT NO: 21353659

Group: B
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY(IV)
(MODULE 1: ACHM412)

ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
Practical 1 – Analysis of Calcium and
Magnesium using ICP
Results and Calculations
i) Volume required to prepare 1% v/v HNO3:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(69%)𝑉1 = (1%)(1𝑙)
(1%)(1𝑙)
𝑉1 =
69%

𝑉1 = 0.01449𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 14.49𝑚𝑙 ≈ 15𝑚𝑙

ii) Mass of Calcium required for preparation of 100mg/l stock solution:

100𝑚𝑔 1𝑔 1𝑙 236.15𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 100
Mass of Ca = × × × 100𝑚𝑙 × ×
𝑙 1000𝑚𝑔 1000𝑚𝑙 40.08𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 99
Mass of Ca = 0.05951g

iii) Volumes required for preparations of 10mg/l, 5mg/l and 2mg/l Ca solutions:

10mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (10𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(10𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 =
100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.010𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 10𝑚𝑙
5mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (5𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(5𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 = 100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.005𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 5𝑚𝑙
2mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (2𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(2𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 = 100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.002𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 2𝑚𝑙
iv) Mass of Magnesium required for preparation of 100mg/l stock solution:
100𝑚𝑔 1𝑔 1𝑙 256.41𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 100
Mass of Mg = 𝑙
× 1000𝑚𝑔
× 1000𝑚𝑙
× 100𝑚𝑙 × 24.31𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
× 99
Mass of Mg = 0.1065g

v) Volumes required for preparations of 10mg/l, 5mg/l and 2mg/l Mg solutions:

10mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (10𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(10𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 = 100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.010𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 10𝑚𝑙
5mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (5𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(5𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 = 100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.005𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 5𝑚𝑙
2mg/l:
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(100𝑚𝑔/𝑙)𝑉1 = (2𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
(2𝑚𝑔/𝑙)(0.1𝑙)
𝑉1 = 100𝑚𝑔/𝑙

𝑉1 = 0.002𝑙 × 103 𝑚𝑙/1𝑙

𝑉1 = 2𝑚𝑙

vi) Calculations of intensities to be plotted for Mg:

Blank = 668.8285

STD 4 Mg = 44655.09 – 668.8285 = 43986.2615

STD 5 Mg = 104027.6 – 668.8285 = 103358.7715

STD 6 Mg = 198579.9 – 668.8285 = 197911.0715

 vii) Graph of Ca working standards:

viii) Graph of Mg working standards:

Discussion
The only major problem was that the blank readings obtained for Ca were too high and
interreferences detected on all viable wavelengths. However, all readings thereafter were
acceptable (including the blank for Mg) obtaining calibration curves for both Mg and Ca with
r2 ≥ 0.9950. Going back to the Ca blanks, contamination of reagents may have occurred
which can be prevented in future by careful treatment of chemicals during sample
preparation.
Conclusion
The experiment was a success, with curves reaching acceptable values of r2 ≥ 0.9950.

References
• Analytical Chemistry IV Practical Manual – Module 1: ACHM412, Dr K Ramluckan,
2018, Pages 6-7