Crude Oil, Sweet (<0.

5% Sulphur)
Version 2.1
Effective Date 05.03.2013
Regulation 1907/2006/EC
Safety Data Sheet

SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE

COMPANY/UNDERTAKING

1.1 Product Identifier

Material Name : Crude Oil, Sweet (<0.5% Sulphur)

CAS No. : 8002-05-9

1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against

Product Use : Refinery Feedstock.

1.3 Details of the Supplier of the safety data sheet

Manufacturer/Supplier : Shell Trading International Limited

80 Strand
London,
WC2R 0ZA
United Kingdom

Telephone : +44 (0) 20 7546 2364

Email Contact for : TRsds@shell.com
Safety Data Sheet

1.4 Emergency Telephone Number

: +44 (0)151 350 4595

Other Information : This product is exempt from the obligation to register under
REACH in accordance with Article 2(7)(b).

SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP)

Hazard classes / Hazard categories Hazard Statement
Flammable liquids, Category 1 H224
Carcinogenicity, Category 1B H350
Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Category 2 H319
Aspiration hazard, Category 1 H304
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated H373
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exposure, Category 2; bone marrow; Liver;

Thymus.
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure, H336
Category 3; Central nervous system (CNS).
Hazardous to the aquatic environment - Long- H411
term Hazard, Category 2
EUH066

67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC
Hazard Characteristics R-phrase(s)
F: Highly flammable.; C2: Carcinogenic, R12; R45; R65; R66; R67; R48/21/22; R51/53
category 2.; Xn: Harmful.; N: Dangerous for the
environment.;

2.2 Label Elements

Labeling according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008

Hazard pictograms :

Signal Words : Danger

CLP Hazard Statements : PHYSICAL HAZARDS:

H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS:
H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

HEALTH HAZARDS:
H350: May cause cancer.
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
H319: Causes serious eye irritation.
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Central nervous system (CNS).
H373: May cause damage to organs or organ systems through
prolonged or repeated exposure.
Liver.
Thymus.
EUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or
cracking.

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CLP Precautionary statements

Prevention : P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. -
No smoking.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye
protection/face protection.

Response : P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON

CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.

Disposal: : P501: Dispose of contents and container to appropriate waste

site or reclaimer in accordance with local and national
regulations.

2.3 Other Hazards

Health Hazards : Hydrogen sulphide is highly toxic and may be fatal if inhaled.
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), an extremely flammable and toxic
gas, and other hazardous vapours may evolve and collect in
the headspace of storage tanks, transport vessels and other
enclosed containers.
May dull the sense of smell, so do not rely on odour as an
indication of hazard.
H2S has a broad range of effects dependent on the airborne
concentration and length of exposure: 0.02 ppm odour
threshold, smell of rotten eggs; 10 ppm eye and respiratory
tract irritation; 100 ppm coughing, headache, dizziness,
nausea, eye irritation, loss of sense of smell in minutes; 200
ppm potential for pulmonary oedema after >20-30 minutes; 500
ppm loss of consciousness after short exposures, potential for
respiratory arrest; >1000ppm immediate loss of consciousness,
may lead rapidly to death, prompt cardiopulmonary
resuscitation may be required. Do not depend on sense of
smell for warning. H2S causes rapid olfactory fatigue
(deadens sense of smell). There is no evidence that H2S will
accumulate in the body tissue after repeated exposure.
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. A
component or components of this material may cause cancer.
This product contains benzene which may cause leukaemia
(AML - acute myelogenous leukaemia). May cause MDS
(Myelodysplastic Syndrome).

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Safety Hazards : May ignite on surfaces at temperatures above auto-ignition

temperature. Flammable vapours may be present even at
temperatures below the flash point. This material is a static
accumulator. Even with proper grounding and bonding, this
material can still accumulate an electrostatic charge. If
sufficient charge is allowed to accumulate, electrostatic
discharge and ignition of flammable air-vapour mixtures can
occur.

Other Information : This product is intended for use in closed systems only.

The substance does not fulfill all screening criteria for

persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity and hence is not
considered to be PBT or vPvB.

SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

3.1 Substance

Material Name : Raw petroleum extracted in its natural state from the ground
(excluding hydrocarbons from shale) and containing
predominantly aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It
may also contain small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen and
sulphur compounds.

CAS No. : 8002-05-9

3.2 Mixtures

Mixture Description : Product is not a mixture according to regulation 1907/2006/EC.

Hazardous Components

Classification of components according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008

Chemical Name CAS No. EC Number REACH Registration Conc.

No.
Petroleum, Crude Oil 8002-05-9 232-298-5 Not available / Not 100.00%
applicable.

Chemical Name Hazard Class & Category Hazard Statement

Petroleum, Crude Oil Flam. Liq., 1; Carc., 1B; Eye Dam., 2A; H224; H350; H319; H373;
STOT RE, 2; STOT SE, 3; Aquatic H336; H411; H304;

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Chronic, 2; Asp. Tox., 1;

Classification of components according to 67/548/EEC

Chemical Name CAS No. EC REACH Symbol(s) R-phrase(s) Conc.

Number Registration
No.
Petroleum, 8002-05-9 232-298-5 Not available F+, T, N R12; R45; 100.00%
Crude Oil / Not R48/21/22;
applicable. R51/53; R65;
R66; R67

Additional Information : Contains Benzene, CAS # 71-43-2. Contains Ethylbenzene,

CAS # 100-41-4. Contains Naphthalene, CAS # 91-20-3.
Contains n-Hexane, CAS # 110-54-3. Contains hydrogen
sulphide, CAS # 7783-06-4. Hydrogen sulphide may be
present both in the liquid and the vapour. Composition is
complex and varies with the source of the crude oil.

Refer to Ch 16 for full text of R- and H- phrases.

The substance does not fulfill all screening criteria for

persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity and hence is not
considered to be PBT or vPvB.

SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES

4.1 Description of First Aid Measures

General Information : Vaporisation of H2S that has been trapped in clothing can be
dangerous to rescuers. Maintain respiratory protection to avoid
contamination from the victim to rescuer. Mechanical
ventilation should be used to resuscitate if at all possible.
Inhalation : Remove to fresh air. If rapid recovery does not occur, transport
to nearest medical facility for additional treatment.
Skin Contact : Remove contaminated clothing. Immediately flush skin with
large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, and follow by
washing with soap and water if available. If redness, swelling,
pain and/or blisters occur, transport to the nearest medical
facility for additional treatment.
Eye Contact : Flush eyes with water while holding eyelids open. Rest eyes for
30 minutes. If redness, burning, blurred vision, or swelling
persist transport to the nearest medical facility for additional
treatment.

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Safety Data Sheet
Ingestion
Self-protection of the first
aider
4.2 Most important
symptoms and effects,
both acute and delayed
4.3 Indication of any
immediate medical
attention and special
treatment needed
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: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: transport to nearest
medical facility for additional treatment. If vomiting occurs
spontaneously, keep head below hips to prevent aspiration.
Give nothing by mouth. Do not induce vomiting. If any of the
following delayed signs and symptoms appear within the next 6
hours, transport to the nearest medical facility: fever greater
than 101° F (38.3°C), shortness of breath, chest congestion or
continued coughing or wheezing.
: When administering first aid, ensure that you are wearing the
appropriate personal protective equipment according to the
incident, injury and surroundings.
: Defatting dermatitis signs and symptoms may include a
burning sensation and/or a dried/cracked appearance. Eye
irritation signs and symptoms may include a burning sensation,
redness, swelling, and/or blurred vision. If material enters
lungs, signs and symptoms may include coughing, choking,
wheezing, difficulty in breathing, chest congestion, shortness of
breath, and/or fever. The onset of respiratory symptoms may
be delayed for several hours after exposure. Breathing of high
vapour concentrations may cause central nervous system
(CNS) depression resulting in dizziness, light-headedness,
headache, nausea and loss of coordination. Continued
inhalation may result in unconsciousness and death. H2S has
a broad range of effects dependent on the airborne
concentration and length of exposure: 0.02 ppm odour
threshold, smell of rotten eggs; 10 ppm eye and respiratory
tract irritation; 100 ppm coughing, headache, dizziness,
nausea, eye irritation, loss of sense of smell in minutes; 200
ppm potential for pulmonary oedema after >20-30 minutes; 500
ppm loss of consciousness after short exposures, potential for
respiratory arrest; >1000ppm immediate loss of consciousness,
may lead rapidly to death, prompt cardiopulmonary
resuscitation may be required. Do not depend on sense of
smell for warning. H2S causes rapid olfactory fatigue
(deadens sense of smell). There is no evidence that H2S will
accumulate in the body tissue after repeated exposure.
: Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) - CNS asphyxiant. May cause
rhinitis, bronchitis and occasionally pulmonary oedema after
severe exposure. CONSIDER: Oxygen therapy. Consult a
Poison Control Center for guidance.
Exposure to hydrogen sulphide at concentrations above the
recommended occupational exposure standard may cause
headache, dizziness, irritation of the eyes, upper respiratory
tract, mouth and digestive tract, convulsions, respiratory
paralysis, unconsciousness and even death.
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Call a doctor or poison control center for guidance.

Potential for chemical pneumonitis.

SECTION 5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Clear fire area of all non-emergency personnel.

5.1 Extinguishing Media
Unsuitable Extinguishing
Media
5.2 Special hazards
arising from the
substance or mixture
5.3 Advice for firefighters
Additional Advice
: Foam, water spray or fog. Dry chemical powder, carbon
dioxide, sand or earth may be used for small fires only.
: Do not use direct water jets on the burning product as they
could cause a steam explosion and spread of the fire.
Simultaneous use of foam and water on the same surface is to
be avoided as water destroys the foam.
: Hazardous combustion products may include: A complex
mixture of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases
(smoke). Carbon monoxide. Oxides of nitrogen. Oxides of
sulphur. Unidentified organic and inorganic compounds.
Flammable vapours may be present even at temperatures
below the flash point. The vapour is heavier than air, spreads
along the ground and distant ignition is possible. Hydrogen
sulphide (H2S) and toxic sulphur oxides may be given off when
this material is heated. Do not depend on sense of smell for
warning.
: Proper protective equipment including chemical resistant
gloves are to be worn; chemical resistant suit is indicated if
large contact with spilled product is expected. Self-Contained
Breathing Apparatus must be worn when approaching a fire in
a confined space. Select fire fighter's clothing approved to
relevant Standards (e.g. Europe: EN469).
: Keep adjacent containers cool by spraying with water. If
possible remove containers from the danger zone. If the fire
cannot be extinguished the only course of action is to evacuate
immediately.

SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Observe the relevant local and international regulations. Remove contaminated clothing.
Evacuate the area of all non-essential personnel. Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.
Ventilate contaminated area thoroughly.

6.1 Personal Precautions, : 6.1.1 For non emergency personnel: May ignite on surfaces at
Protective Equipment and temperatures above auto-ignition temperature. Do not breathe
Emergency Procedures fumes, vapour. Do not operate electrical equipment.

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6.1.2 For emergency responders: May ignite on surfaces at

temperatures above auto-ignition temperature. Do not breathe
fumes, vapour. Do not operate electrical equipment.
6.2 Environmental : Shut off leaks, if possible without personal risks. Remove all
Precautions possible sources of ignition in the surrounding area. Use
appropriate containment (of product and fire fighting water) to
avoid environmental contamination. Prevent from spreading or
entering drains, ditches or rivers by using sand, earth, or other
appropriate barriers. Attempt to disperse the vapour or to direct
its flow to a safe location for example by using fog sprays.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Ensure
electrical continuity by bonding and grounding (earthing) all
equipment.
6.3 Methods and Material : For large liquid spills (> 1 drum), transfer by mechanical means
for Containment and such as vacuum truck to a salvage tank for recovery or safe
Cleaning Up disposal. Do not flush away residues with water. Retain as
contaminated waste. Allow residues to evaporate or soak up
with an appropriate absorbent material and dispose of safely.
Remove contaminated soil and dispose of safely.
For small liquid spills (< 1 drum), transfer by mechanical means
to a labelled, sealable container for product recovery or safe
disposal. Allow residues to evaporate or soak up with an
appropriate absorbent material and dispose of safely. Remove
contaminated soil and dispose of safely.
Additional Advice : Notify authorities if any exposure to the general public or the
environment occurs or is likely to occur. Local authorities
should be advised if significant spillages cannot be contained.
Maritime spillages should be dealt with using a Shipboard Oil
Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP), as required by MARPOL
Annex 1 Regulation 26.
6.4 Reference to other : For guidance on selection of personal protective equipment
sections see Chapter 8 of this Material Safety Data Sheet. For guidance
on disposal of spilled material see Chapter 13 of this Material
Safety Data Sheet.

SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

General Precautions : Use the information in this data sheet as input to a risk
assessment of local circumstances to help determine
appropriate controls for safe handling, storage and disposal of
this material. Properly dispose of any contaminated rags or
cleaning materials in order to prevent fires. Prevent spillages.
For comprehensive advice on handling, product transfer,
storage and tank cleaning refer to the product supplier.
7.1 Precautions for Safe : When using do not eat or drink. Extinguish any naked flames.
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Handling
Product Transfer : Wait 2 minutes after tank filling (for tanks such as those on
7.2 Conditions for safe : Drum and small container storage: Keep containers closed
storage, including any
incompatibilities
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Do not smoke. Remove ignition sources. Avoid sparks. Never
siphon by mouth. The vapour is heavier than air, spreads along
the ground and distant ignition is possible. Avoid exposure.
Use only non-sparking tools. Use local exhaust ventilation if
there is risk of inhalation of vapours, mists or aerosols. Bulk
storage tanks should be diked (bunded).
road tanker vehicles) before opening hatches or manholes.
Wait 30 minutes after tank filling (for large storage tanks)
before opening hatches or manholes.
Avoid splash filling. Keep containers closed when not in use.
Do not use compressed air for filling, discharging or handling.
Contamination resulting from product transfer may give rise to
light hydrocarbon vapour in the headspace of tanks that have
previously contained gasoline. This vapour may explode if
there is a source of ignition. Partly filled containers present a
greater hazard than those that are full, therefore handling,
transfer and sampling activities need special care.
Even with proper grounding and bonding, this material can still
accumulate an electrostatic charge. If sufficient charge is
allowed to accumulate, electrostatic discharge and ignition of
flammable air-vapour mixtures can occur. Be aware of handling
operations that may give rise to additional hazards that result
from the accumulation of static charges. These include but are
not limited to pumping (especially turbulent flow), mixing,
filtering, splash filling, cleaning and filling of tanks and
containers, sampling, switch loading, gauging, vacuum truck
operations, and mechanical movements. These activities may
lead to static discharge e.g. spark formation. Restrict line
velocity during pumping in order to avoid generation of
electrostatic discharge (<= 1 m/s until fill pipe submerged to
twice its diameter, then <= 7 m/s). Avoid splash filling. Do NOT
use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling
operations.
when not in use. Drums should be stacked to a maximum of 3
high. Use properly labelled and closeable containers.
Packaged product must be kept tightly closed and stored in a
diked (bunded) well-ventilated area, away from, ignition
sources and other sources of heat. Take suitable precautions
when opening sealed containers, as pressure can build up
during storage. Tank storage: Tanks must be specifically
designed for use with this product. Bulk storage tanks should
be diked (bunded). Locate tanks away from heat and other
sources of ignition. Cleaning, inspection and maintenance of
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storage tanks is a specialist operation, which requires the

implementation of strict procedures and precautions.
Electrostatic charges will be generated during pumping.
Electrostatic discharge may cause fire. Ensure electrical
continuity by bonding and grounding (earthing) all equipment to
reduce the risk. The vapours in the head space of the storage
vessel may lie in the flammable/explosive range and hence
may be flammable. Refer to section 15 for any additional
specific legislation covering the packaging and storage of this
product.
Recommended Materials : For containers, or container linings use mild steel, stainless
steel. Aluminium may also be used for applications where it
does not present an unnecessary fire hazard. Examples of
suitable materials are: high density polyethylene (HDPE),
polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride
(PVDF), and fluoroelastomers (FKM), e.g. Viton, which have
been specifically tested for compatibility with this product. For
container linings, or coatings, use Epoxy (amine-cured), or
Epoxy Novolac, or Phenolic Epoxy. For seals and gaskets use:
fluoroelastomers (FKM), e.g. Viton A, B, or F, or Neoprene
(CR), or nitrile (NBR, HNBR), or graphite, or expanded PTFE
(e.g. Gore-Tex).
Unsuitable Materials : Some synthetic materials may be unsuitable for containers or
container linings depending on the material specification and
intended use. Examples of materials to avoid are: natural
rubber (NR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), polymethyl
methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyisobutylene. However,
some may be suitable for glove materials.
Container Advice : Do not cut, drill, grind, weld or perform similar operations on or
near containers. Containers, even those that have been
emptied, can contain explosive vapours.
7.3 Specific end use(s) : Please refer to Ch16 and/or the annexes for the registered
uses under REACH.
See additional references that provide safe handling practices
for liquids that are determined to be static accumulators:
American Petroleum Institute 2003 (Protection Against
Ignitions Arising out of Static, Lightning and Stray Currents) or
National Fire Protection Agency 77 (Recommended Practices
on Static Electricity). CENELEC CLC/TR 50404 (Electrostatics
– Code of practice for the avoidance of hazards due to static
electricity).
Additional Information : Ensure that all local regulations regarding handling and storage
facilities are followed. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and toxic
sulphur oxides may be given off when this material is heated.
Do not depend on sense of smell for warning. Hydrogen
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sulphide (H2S or Sour Gas) may be present when loading and

unloading transport vessels. Stay upwind and away from
newly opened hatches and allow to vent thoroughly before
handling material. Steam may be used to vent hatches. Keep
all sources of ignition away from loading area.
Use hydrogen sulphide monitors for detection.
Exposure to this product should be reduced as low as
reasonably practicable. Reference should be made to the
Health and Safety Executive's publication "COSHH Essentials".

SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

If the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) value is provided on this
document, it is provided for information only.

8.1 Control Parameters

Occupational Exposure Limits

Material Source Type ppm mg/m3 Notation

Benzene EH40 WEL TWA 1 ppm

EH40 WEL SKIN_DES Can be absorbed

through the skin.

ACGIH TWA 0.5 ppm

ACGIH STEL 2.5 ppm

ACGIH SKIN_DES Can be absorbed

through the skin.

SHELL IS TWA 0.5 ppm 1.6 mg/m3

SHELL IS STEL 2.5 ppm 8 mg/m3

Hydrogen ACGIH TWA 1 ppm

Sulphide

ACGIH STEL 5 ppm

EH40 WEL STEL 10 ppm 14 mg/m3

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EH40 WEL TWA 5 ppm 7 mg/m3

Ethylbenzene EH40 WEL TWA 100 ppm 441 mg/m3

EH40 WEL STEL 125 ppm 552 mg/m3

EH40 WEL SKIN_DES Can be absorbed

through the skin.

ACGIH TWA 20 ppm

n-hexane ACGIH TWA 50 ppm

ACGIH SKIN_DES Can be absorbed

through the skin.

EH40 WEL TWA 20 ppm 72 mg/m3

Naphthalene ACGIH TWA 10 ppm

ACGIH STEL 15 ppm

ACGIH SKIN_DES Can be absorbed

through the skin.

Additional Information : SHELL IS is the Shell Internal Standard. Skin notation means
that significant exposure can also occur by absorption of liquid
through the skin and of vapour through the eyes or mucous
membranes.

Biological Exposure Index (BEI)

Material Determinant Sampling Time BEI Reference

Benzene t,t-Muconic acid Sampling time: 500 µg/g ACGIH BEL

in Creatinine in End of shift. (2011)
urine

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S- Sampling time: 25 µg/g ACGIH BEL

Phenylmercaptu End of shift. (2011)
ric acid in
Creatinine in
urine

Ethylbenzene Sum of mandelic Sampling time: 0.7 g/g ACGIH BEL

acid and End of shift at (2011)
phenylglyoxylic end of work
week.
acid in
Creatinine in
urine

Ethyl benzene in Sampling time: ACGIH BEL

End-exhaled air Not critical. (2011)

n-hexane 2,5-Hexanedion, Sampling time: 0.4 mg/l ACGIH BEL

without End of shift at (2011)
hydrolysis in end of work
week.
Urine

Derived No Effect Levels : Not applicable.

(DNEL/DMEL) Table

PNEC related information : Not applicable.

Monitoring Methods : Monitoring of the concentration of substances in the breathing

zone of workers or in the general workplace may be required to
confirm compliance with an OEL and adequacy of exposure
controls. For some substances biological monitoring may also
be appropriate. Validated exposure measurement methods
should be applied by a competent person and samples
analysed by an accredited laboratory. Examples of sources of
recommended exposure measurement methods are given
below or contact the supplier. Further national methods may be
available.

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH),

USA: Manual of Analytical Methods http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), USA:
Sampling and Analytical Methods http://www.osha.gov/
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Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK: Methods for the

Determination of Hazardous Substances
http://www.hse.gov.uk/

8.2 Exposure Controls

General Information : The level of protection and types of controls necessary will vary
depending upon potential exposure conditions. Select controls
based on a risk assessment of local circumstances.
Appropriate measures include: Use sealed systems as far as
possible. Adequate explosion-proof ventilation to control
airborne concentrations below the exposure guidelines/limits.
Local exhaust ventilation is recommended. Eye washes and
showers for emergency use. Firewater monitors and deluge
systems are recommended. Always observe good personal
hygiene measures, such as washing hands after handling the
material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking. Routinely
wash work clothing and protective equipment to remove
contaminants. Discard contaminated clothing and footwear that
cannot be cleaned. Practice good housekeeping. Define
procedures for safe handling and maintenance of controls.
Educate and train workers in the hazards and control
measures relevant to normal activities associated with this
product. Ensure appropriate selection, testing and
maintenance of equipment used to control exposure, e.g.
personal protective equipment, local exhaust ventilation. Drain
down system prior to equipment break-in or maintenance.
Retain drain downs in sealed storage pending disposal or for
subsequent recycle.

Occupational Exposure Controls

Personal Protective : Personal protective equipment (PPE) should meet
Equipment recommended national standards. Check with PPE suppliers.
The provided information is made in consideration of the PPE
directive (Council Directive 89/686/EEC) and the CEN
European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) standards.
Eye Protection : Chemical splash goggles (chemical monogoggles).
Approved to EU Standard EN166.
Hand Protection : Where hand contact with the product may occur the use of
gloves approved to relevant standards (e.g. Europe: EN374,
US: F739) made from the following materials may provide
suitable chemical protection: PVC. Longer term protection:
Nitrile rubber. Incidental contact/Splash protection: Neoprene
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rubber. For continuous contact we recommend gloves with

breakthrough time of more than 240 minutes with preference
for > 480 minutes where suitable gloves can be identified. For
short-term/splash protection we recommend the same, but
recognise that suitable gloves offering this level of protection
may not be available and in this case a lower breakthrough
time may be acceptable so long as appropriate maintenance
and replacement regimes are followed. Glove thickness is not
a good predictor of glove resistance to a chemical as it is
dependent on the exact composition of the glove material.
Suitability and durability of a glove is dependent on usage, e.g.
frequency and duration of contact, chemical resistance of glove
material, dexterity. Always seek advice from glove suppliers.
Contaminated gloves should be replaced.
Body protection : Chemical resistant gloves/gauntlets, boots, and apron.
Protective clothing approved to EU Standard EN14605.
Respiratory Protection : If engineering controls do not maintain airborne concentrations
to a level which is adequate to protect worker health, select
respiratory protection equipment suitable for the specific
conditions of use and meeting relevant legislation. Check with
respiratory protective equipment suppliers. Where air-filtering
respirators are unsuitable (e.g. airborne concentrations are
high, risk of oxygen deficiency, confined space) use
appropriate positive pressure breathing apparatus. All
respiratory protection equipment and use must be in
accordance with local regulations. Crude oil is a complex
mixture with low and high boiling point components. When
using an air-filtering respirator, careful attention to the filter
breakthrough time is advised. If air-filtering respirators are
suitable for conditions of use: Select a filter suitable for organic
gases and vapours [boiling point >65 °C (149 °F)] meeting
EN14387. In areas where hydrogen sulphide vapours may
accumulate, a positive-pressure air-supplied respirator is
advised.
Thermal Hazards : Not applicable.

Environmental Exposure Controls

Environmental exposure : Local guidelines on emission limits for volatile substances must
control measures be observed for the discharge of exhaust air containing vapour.
Take appropriate measures to fulfil the requirements of
relevant environmental protection legislation. Avoid
contamination of the environment by following advice given in
Chapter 6. If necessary, prevent undissolved material from
being discharged to waste water. Waste water should be
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SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Appearance
Odour
pH
Initial Boiling Point and
Boiling Range
Freezing Point
Flash point
Upper / lower Flammability
or Explosion limits
Auto-ignition temperature
Vapour pressure
Relative Density
Density
Water solubility
Solubility in other solvents
n-octanol/water partition
coefficient (log Pow)
Kinematic viscosity
Vapour density (air=1)
Decomposition
Temperature
Flammability
Oxidizing Properties
Explosive Properties
9.2 Other Information
Electrical conductivity
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treated in a municipal or industrial waste water treatment plant
before discharge to surface water.
: Brown to black. Viscous liquid.
: Potential smell of rotten eggs and sulphur..
: Not applicable
: 10 - 400 °C / 50 - 752 °F
: Data not available
: < 23 °C / 73 °F
: 0.6 - 8 %(V)
: > 220 °C / 428 °F
: Data not available
: Data not available
: < 1.010 g/cm3 at 15 °C / 59 °F
: Insoluble.
: Data not available
: 2-6
: 3 - 1,000 mm2/s at 40 °C / 104 °F
: Data not available
: Data not available
: Flammable liquids
: Not applicable.
: Not classified
: Low conductivity: < 100 pS/m, The conductivity of this material
makes it a static accumulator., A liquid is typically considered
nonconductive if its conductivity is below 100 pS/m and is
considered semi-conductive if its conductivity is below 10 000
pS/m., Whether a liquid is nonconductive or semi-conductive,
the precautions are the same., A number of factors, for example
liquid temperature, presence of contaminants, and anti-static
additives can greatly influence the conductivity of a liquid.
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Other Information : Not applicable.

SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

10.1 Reactivity : Oxidises on contact with air.

10.2 Chemical stability : Stable under normal conditions of use.

10.3 Possibility of :
Hazardous Reactions No hazardous reaction is expected when handled and stored
according to provisions.
10.4 Conditions to Avoid : Avoid heat, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources.
10.5 Incompatible : Strong oxidising agents.
Materials
10.6 Hazardous : Hazardous decomposition products are not expected to form
Decomposition Products during normal storage. Thermal decomposition is highly
dependent on conditions. A complex mixture of airborne solids,
liquids and gases including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
sulphur oxides and unidentified organic compounds will be
evolved when this material undergoes combustion or thermal or
oxidative degradation.

Other Information

Hazardous : No, hazardous, exothermic polymerization cannot occur.

Polymerisation

SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1 Information on Toxicological effects

Basis for Assessment : Information given is based on data on the components and the
toxicology of similar products.
Unless indicated otherwise, the data presented is
representative of the product as a whole, rather than for
individual component(s).
Likely Routes of : Exposure may occur via inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption,
Exposure skin or eye contact, and accidental ingestion.
Acute Oral Toxicity : Low toxicity: LD50 > 5000 mg/kg , Rat
Acute Dermal Toxicity : Low toxicity: LD50 >2000 mg/kg , Rabbit
Acute Inhalation Toxicity : Extremely toxic: LC100 = 600ppm(v) / 30 min, Man (Hydrogen
Sulphide)
Expected to be of low toxicity if inhaled. (Petroleum, Crude Oil)
Skin corrosion/irritation : Not irritating to skin. Prolonged/repeated contact may cause
defatting of the skin which can lead to dermatitis.
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Serious eye : Causes serious eye irritation.

damage/irritation
Respiratory Irritation
Respiratory or skin
sensitisation
Aspiration Hazard
: Not expected to be a respiratory irritant.
: Not expected to be a sensitiser.
: Aspiration into the lungs when swallowed or vomited may
cause chemical pneumonitis which can be fatal.

Germ cell mutagenicity : Not expected to be mutagenic.

Carcinogenicity : Causes cancer in laboratory animals.
Known human carcinogen. May cause leukaemia (AML - acute
myelogenous leukemia).

Material : Carcinogenicity Classification

Crude Oil : IARC 3: Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans.
Crude Oil : GHS / CLP: Carcinogenicity Category 1B
Natural Gasoline : IARC 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Natural Gasoline : GHS / CLP: No carcinogenicity classification
n-hexane : GHS / CLP: No carcinogenicity classification
Benzene : ACGIH Group A1: Confirmed human carcinogen.
Benzene : NTP: Known To Be Human Carcinogen.
Benzene : IARC 1: Carcinogenic to humans.
Benzene : GHS / CLP: Carcinogenicity Category 1A
Naphthalene : ACGIH Group A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
Naphthalene : NTP: Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen.
Naphthalene : IARC 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Naphthalene : GHS / CLP: Carcinogenicity Category 2
Ethylbenzene : IARC 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Ethylbenzene : GHS / CLP: No carcinogenicity classification

Reproductive and : Not expected to impair fertility. Not expected to be a

Developmental Toxicity developmental toxicant.

Summary on evaluation of the CMR properties

Carcinogenicity : Carcinogenicity,
Mutagenicity : This product does not meet the criteria for classification in
categories 1A/1B.
Reproductive Toxicity : This product does not meet the criteria for classification in
(fertility) categories 1A/1B.

Specific target organ : High concentrations may cause central nervous system
toxicity - single exposure depression resulting in headaches, dizziness and nausea;
continued inhalation may result in unconsciousness and/or
death.
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Specific target organ : May cause damage to organs or organ systems through
toxicity - repeated prolonged or repeated exposure. Bone Marrow Thymus. Liver.
exposure
Additional Information : Classifications by other authorities under varying regulatory
frameworks may exist.
H2S has a broad range of effects dependent on the airborne
concentration and length of exposure: 0.02 ppm odour
threshold, smell of rotten eggs; 10 ppm eye and respiratory
tract irritation; 100 ppm coughing, headache, dizziness,
nausea, eye irritation, loss of sense of smell in minutes; 200
ppm potential for pulmonary oedema after >20-30 minutes; 500
ppm loss of consciousness after short exposures, potential for
respiratory arrest; >1000ppm immediate loss of consciousness,
may lead rapidly to death, prompt cardiopulmonary
resuscitation may be required. Do not depend on sense of
smell for warning. H2S causes rapid olfactory fatigue
(deadens sense of smell). There is no evidence that H2S will
accumulate in the body tissue after repeated exposure.
May cause MDS (Myelodysplastic Syndrome). (Benzene)

SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Basis for Assessment : Ecotoxicological data have not been determined specifically for
this product. Information given is based on a knowledge of the
components and the ecotoxicology of similar products. Unless
indicated otherwise, the data presented is representative of the
product as a whole, rather than for individual component(s).
12.1 Toxicity
Acute Toxicity : Expected to be harmful: LL/EL/IL50 1-10 mg/l (to aquatic
organisms) LL/EL50 expressed as the nominal amount of
product required to prepare aqueous test extract.
Fish : Expected to be harmful: LL/EL/IL50 10-100 mg/l
Aquatic crustacea : Expected to be toxic: LL/EL/IL50 > 1 <= 10 mg/l
Algae/aquatic plants : Expected to be harmful: LL/EL/IL50 >10 <= 100 mg/l
Microorganisms : Expected to be practically non toxic: LL/EL/IL50 > 100 mg/l

12.2 Persistence and : Major constituents are inherently biodegradable, but contains
degradability components that may persist in the environment. The volatile
constituents will oxidize rapidly by photochemical reactions in
air.
12.3 Bioaccumulative : Contains constituents with the potential to bioaccumulate.
Potential

12.4 Mobility in Soil : If the product enters soil, one or more constituents will or may
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be mobile and may contaminate groundwater. Contains volatile

constituents. Partly evaporates from water or soil surfaces, but
a significant proportion will remain after one day. Floats on
water and forms a slick.

12.5 Result of PBT and : The substance does not fulfill all screening criteria for
vPvB assesment persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity and hence is not
considered to be PBT or vPvB.

12.6 Other Adverse : Films formed on water may affect oxygen transfer and damage
Effects organisms.

SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

13.1 Waste Treatment Methods

Material Disposal : Recover or recycle if possible. It is the responsibility of the

waste generator to determine the toxicity and physical
properties of the material generated to determine the proper
waste classification and disposal methods in compliance with
applicable regulations. Do not dispose into the environment, in
drains or in water courses. Do not dispose of tank water
bottoms by allowing them to drain into the ground. This will
result in soil and groundwater contamination. Waste arising
from a spillage or tank cleaning should be disposed of in
accordance with prevailing regulations, preferably to a
recognised collector or contractor. The competence of the
collector or contractor should be established beforehand.
Container Disposal : Send to drum recoverer or metal reclaimer. Drain container
thoroughly. After draining, vent in a safe place away from
sparks and fire. Residues may cause an explosion hazard if
heated above the flash point. Do not puncture, cut or weld
uncleaned drums. Do not pollute the soil, water or environment
with the waste container. Comply with any local recovery or
waste disposal regulations.
Local Legislation : Disposal should be in accordance with applicable regional,
national, and local laws and regulations. Local regulations may
be more stringent than regional or national requirements and
must be in compliance.
13 07 03 wastes of liquid fuels, other fuels (including mixtures).
The number given to waste is associated with the appropriate
usage. The user must decide if their particular use results in
another waste code being assigned.
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SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Land transport (ADR/RID):

ADR
14.1 UN number : 1267
14.2 UN proper shipping : PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
name
14.3 Transport hazard : 3
class(es)
14.4 Packing group : I
Danger label (primary risk) : 3
14.5 Environmental : Yes
hazards

RID
14.1 UN number : 1267
14.2 UN proper shipping : PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
name
14.3 Transport hazard : 3
class(es)
14.4 Packing group : I
Danger label (primary risk) : 3
14.5 Environmental : Yes
hazards

Sea transport (IMDG Code):

14.1 UN number : UN 1267
14.2 UN proper shipping : PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL
name
14.3 Transport hazard : 3
class(es)
14.4 Packing group : I
14.5 Environmental : Yes. Marine Pollutant
hazards

Air transport (IATA):

14.1 UN number : 1267
14.2 UN proper shipping : Petroleum crude oil
name
14.3 Transport hazard : 3
class(es)
14.4 Packing group : I

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
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Pollution Category : Not applicable.

Ship Type : Not applicable.
Product Name : Not applicable.
Special Precaution : Not applicable.

Additional Information : MARPOL Annex 1 rules apply for bulk shipments by sea.

SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

The regulatory information is not intended to be comprehensive. Other regulations may apply to this
material.
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or
mixture
Other regulatory Information
Authorisations and/or : Product is not subject to Authorisation under REACH.
restrictions on use

Chemical Inventory Status

EINECS : All components

listed or polymer
exempt.
TSCA : All components
listed.

15.2 Chemical Safety : Not applicable.

Assessment

SECTION 16. OTHER INFORMATION

R-phrase(s)
R12 Extremely flammable.
R45 May cause cancer.
R48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact
with skin and if swallowed.
R51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic
environment.
R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
R66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.

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CLP Hazard Statements

H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour.
H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
H350 May cause cancer.
H373 May cause damage to organs or organ systems through prolonged or repeated
exposure.
H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

Additional Information : This product is exempt from the obligation to register under
REACH in accordance with Article 2(7)(b).
Other Information

Further Information : This product is intended for use in closed systems only.

The substance does not fulfill all screening criteria for

persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity and hence is not
considered to be PBT or vPvB.

Abbreviations and : Flam. Liq. = Flammable liquids

Acronyms Carc. = Carcinogenicity
Eye Dam. = Serious eye damage/eye irritation
STOT RE = Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
STOT SE = Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Aquatic Chronic = Hazardous to the aquatic environment -
Long-term Hazard
Asp. Tox. = Aspiration hazard
EH40 WEL = UK Environmental Hygiene Guidance Note 40 -
Workplace Exposure Limit (GB only)
The standard abbreviations and acronyms used in this
document can be looked up in reference literature (e.g.
scientific dictionaries) and/or websites.

ACGIH = American Conference of Governmental Industrial

Hygienists
ADR = European Agreement concerning the International
Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
AICS = Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances
ASTM = American Society for Testing and Materials
BEL = Biological exposure limits
BTEX = Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes
CAS = Chemical Abstracts Service
CEFIC = European Chemical Industry Council
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CLP = Classification Packaging and Labelling

COC = Cleveland Open-Cup
DIN = Deutsches Institut fur Normung
DMEL = Derived Minimal Effect Level
DNEL = Derived No Effect Level
DSL = Canada Domestic Substance List
EC = European Commission
EC50 = Effective Concentration fifty
ECETOC = European Center on Ecotoxicology and Toxicology
Of Chemicals
ECHA = European Chemicals Agency
EINECS = The European Inventory of Existing Commercial
Chemical Substances
EL50 = Effective Loading fifty
ENCS = Japanese Existing and New Chemical Substances
Inventory
EWC = European Waste Code
GHS = Globally Harmonised System of Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals
IARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer
IATA = International Air Transport Association
IC50 = Inhibitory Concentration fifty
IL50 = Inhibitory Level fifty
IMDG = International Maritime Dangerous Goods
INV = Chinese Chemicals Inventory
IP346 = Institute of Petroleum test method N° 346 for the
determination of polycyclic aromatics DMSO-extractables
KECI = Korea Existing Chemicals Inventory
LC50 = Lethal Concentration fifty
LD50 = Lethal Dose fifty per cent.
LL/EL/IL = Lethal Loading/Effective Loading/Inhibitory loading
LL50 = Lethal Loading fifty
MARPOL = International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution From Ships
NOEC/NOEL = No Observed Effect Concentration / No
Observed Effect Level
OE_HPV = Occupational Exposure - High Production Volume
PBT = Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic
PICCS = Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical
Substances
PNEC = Predicted No Effect Concentration
REACH = Registration Evaluation And Authorisation Of
Chemicals
RID = Regulations Relating to International Carriage of
Dangerous Goods by Rail
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SKIN_DES = Skin Designation

STEL = Short term exposure limit
TRA = Targeted Risk Assessment
TSCA = US Toxic Substances Control Act
TWA = Time-Weighted Average
vPvB = very Persistent and very Bioaccumulative

SDS Distribution : The information in this document should be made available to

all who may handle the product.
SDS Version Number : 2.1

SDS Effective Date : 05.03.2013

SDS Revisions : A vertical bar (|) in the left margin indicates an amendment
from the previous version.
SDS Regulation : Regulation 1907/2006/EC as amended by Regulation (EU)
453/2010
Disclaimer : This information is based on our current knowledge and is
intended to describe the product for the purposes of health,
safety and environmental requirements only. It should not
therefore be construed as guaranteeing any specific property
of the product.

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