La flessibilità dei cicli combinati di

tecnologia ALSTOM
D. Pezzella/A. Guizzetti

Convegno Animp (Sez. Energia) / ATI (Sez Lombardia)

S.S. Giovanni 26 Giugno 2012

 Agenda

Introduction Page 3

Flexible Combined Cycle Power Plant (KA26 example) Page 7

CO2 capture ready solutions Page 24

Fleet Experience Page 26

Summary Page 34

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 CCPP Operating Regime – Past & Present

In the past ..... Today .....

24 hr 24 hr

MSL or Shut-down during night/weekend

7000 – 8300 OH/y 3000 - 7000 OH/y

~25 starts/y ~100-200+ starts/y

CCPP Load Profile Grid Load Profile (Typical)

Shift from base-load expectation to high cycling

Operational Flexibility today a key requirement for CCPP’s
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
The Winds of Change!
GW By 2020 wind capacity is
600 11% of installed base in
Forecast Europe, and 20% in China
500

LAM50
400 Asia
Russia CIS
MEA
300
Oceania
India
200 China
Europe

100

0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020
Source: Alstom 2011

CCPP’s expected to called upon more and more to balance

intermittent power sources in the future
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Hourly Price Zones (IT) 2011 & 2012

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particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
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Key Drivers of Product Development

• #1: Lower Cost of Electricity (CoE)

– Initial CAPEX investment + O&M costs
– Net plant output, efficiency at full- and part-load
– Plant reliability & availability
• #2: Increased Operational Flexibility
– Large turn-down capability
– Fast start-up & load changes
– Fuel flexibility (composition changes)
• #3: Lower Emissions
– Under full- and part-load conditions

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Gas Turbine Product Portfolio

GT26 296 MW
>320

GT24 >230
193 MW

GT13E2 >200 MW

GT11N2 115 MW

GT gross electrical output at the generator terminals, including gearbox (where applicable) and generator losses but excluding duct and auxiliary losses.
Calculated with 100% methane at ISO conditions, GT cooling air cooler contribution included where applicable 50 Hz
60 Hz
60 & 50 Hz

Gas turbines with unique combustion technologies

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-1 SS “Reference Plant”
• 1-on-1 Single-Shaft Power Train configuration on common foundation level
• Alstom GT26 Gas Turbine with sequential combustion for high performance/flexibility
• Alstom drum-Type HRSG as standard
• Alstom hydrogen-cooled (TOPGAS) generator
• Alstom Plant Control System (ALSPA)
• Alstom Steam Turbine with both axial and lateral LP-exhaust
• SSS-clutch between ST and GTG (no auxiliary boiler)
• Alstom patented moveable generator foundation
• Turbine Building dimensions: ca. 30m(w) x 60m(l) x 25m(h)
• 3PRH water-steam cycle (conventional water-steam conditions)
• 1 x GSU-Transformer

CL = Shaft Centre-Line
SSS = Self-Shifting Synchronous
3PRH = Triple Pressure Reheat
GSU = Generator Step-Up

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-2 MS “Reference Plant”
• 2-on-1 Multi-Shaft Power Train configuration
• 2 x Alstom GT26 Gas Turbines, each with TOPAIR (air-cooled) Generator
• 2 x Alstom drum-type HRSG as standard
• Alstom Steam Turbine with air-cooled (TOPAIR) or hydrogen-cooled (TOPGAS) Generator
• Alstom Plant Control System (ALSPA)
• 3PRH water-steam cycle (conventional water-steam conditions)
• 3 x GSU-Transformers

3PRH = Triple Pressure Reheat

GSU = Generator Step-Up

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Nominal Performance – KA26(2011)
KA26-1 KA26-2
Plant performance data at ISO ambient conditions,
methane fuel with Indirect (WCT) Cooling Single Shaft Multi Shaft
1-on-1 2-on-1
Plant Net Output MW 467 935
% (LHV) 59.5 59.5
Plant Net Efficiency
kJ/kWh (LHV) 6055 6050
Plant Net Heat Rate Btu/kWh (LHV) 5739 5735

KA26-1 KA26-2
Plant performance data at ISO ambient conditions,
methane fuel with Direct Cooling Single Shaft Multi Shaft
1-on-1 2-on-1
Plant Net Output MW 473 947
% (LHV) >60 >60
Plant Net Efficiency
kJ/kWh (LHV) <6000 <6000
Plant Net Heat Rate Btu/kWh (LHV) <5688 <5688

Capable of more than 500 MW* (gross)

Capable of more than 61% efficiency (gross)
* With GT Power Augmentation
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 GT26/KA26 (2011)
The Pioneer in Operational Flexibility
2012
PERFORMANCE
PERFORMANCE*

2006

2002

1999

Compressor +
Turbine + Combustor Compressor +
Upgrade + SEV Burner +
FLEXIBILITY

Staged EV-combustion LP-Turbine Upgrade

Compressor Upgrade +
Exhaust Housing 2002 features plus: 2006 features plus:
Upgrade • Increased mass flow • Increased mass flow
Standard EV-burner + • Improved cooling and
leakage • High all-round performance
LP-Turbine Upgrade 1999 features plus:
• Start-up optimization • Unprecedented
• Increased mass flow
• Superior Part-Load Efficiency • Lower Emissions part-load efficiency (virtually
• Improved all-round • Low Load Operation option
• Start up <60 min performance (base-load and constant from 100% to 80%
• Fast Hot Start (< 30 min)
• High fuel flexibility part-load) option load)
• Switchable Operation Modes
>10 x GT26 engines >15 x GT26 engines >50 X GT26 engines (PO and MCO)

Continuous evolutionary upgrade of a proven platform

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26/KA26 (2011)
2011 Engine Overview

SEV-combustor

EV-combustor

22-stage compressor

4-stage LP-turbine

Solid Rotor

1-stage HP-turbine
4 rows VGV‘s

GT26 (F-class) – same engine platform since mid 1990’s

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Superior CCPP Part-Load Performance
CCPP Load
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%
CCPP Relative Efficiency, ηrel

KA26
2%-4% abs.
Single Combustor GT
single combustor engine

Typical MSL Range

MSL = Minimum Stable Load

Absolute η difference at 50% part-load possibly >2%-4%

CCPP efficiency virtually constant from 100% to 80% load
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Flexible Operation Modes
One Common Hardware - Two Operation Modes

Performance Optimised Maintenance Cost Optimised

(PO) (MCO)
On-line
• Maximum Power and Efficiency • Extended Inspection Intervals
switch of up to 30%
• Normal Inspection Intervals
• Normal Availability
over • ~3% lower Output
• Normal Maintenance Costs • ~0.3% higher heat rate
• Higher Availability
• Lower Maintenance Costs

Perfect for volatile power markets

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Start-up times capabilities for KA26

Hot Start Warm Start Cold Start

(max. ~8 hrs shutdown) (~60 hrs shutdown) (>120 hrs shutdown)
100% Load

GT Ignition
~30 min ~100 min ~150 min

No auxiliary boiler needed to assist start-up times

No sparging steam needed to keep boiler warm in downtime
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
LLO – 3 operational options instead of 2!
110%
Typical Minimum Stable Load
100% 1 for Single Combustor technology
90%
Combined Cycle Relative Load

KA26 Low Load Operation

80%
3 with entire CCPP online
70% and emission compliant

60%
ca. 40% less fuel consumed
50%
compared with operating
40% at 50% CCPP load

30%

20% 2 Shut-down
10%

0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Time

Spinning / Minute Reserve from below 20% CC plant load

350 MW available in 20 min per block
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26’s Superior Fuel Gas Flexibility
C2+ flexibility

• High tolerance to gas

variations without
hardware changes
or gas preheating

• Fast-acting fuel composition

measurement with on-line
control

C2+ varied by more than factor 10 in few hours! • Ready for changes in fuel
gas supply (i.e. LNG)

C2+ variation tolerance of more than 18% by volume.

Wobbe index tolerance ±15%.
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Types of GT Inlet Cooling
Evaporative Cooler or Fogging Nozzles

High airin
Inlet Air Cooling Fogging
Fogging Nozzles
High Fogging combustor

filter
Silencer
compressor

turbine

• Evaporative Cooling
- Cooling by water evaporation through cooling pads
• Fogging
- Cooling by water injection with GT inlet humidity close to saturation
• High Fogging
- Compressor inter-cooling by water injection with inlet humidity above saturation

Optimised power augmentation

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT Inlet Cooling Options
Air Inlet Cooling at 20% relative humidity

Power Output off-set

Indicative – Not Project Specific EOH: Equivalent Operating Hours

‘EOH-neutral’ on-line power augmentation

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 NOx Emissions – Clean Power
Typical NOx Emission

Average GT26 NOx Emission

NOx Emission (mg/Nm3)

80

70
Typical GT NOx Emission

60

50 EU Limit
40

30
LLOC
20

10
Actual NOx emissions depending on fuel composition
0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Relative CCPP Load

Lowest NOx emissions over CCPP load range

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 CO Emissions – Clean Power
Typical CO Emission

100 EU Limit
CO Emission (mg/Nm3)

Average GT26 CO Emission

80

Typical GT CO Emission
60

Actual CO emissions depending on fuel composition

40

20

LLOC

0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Relative CCPP Load

Very low CO emissions over wide load range

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26-1 ecoHEATTM

Capable of
Heat > 300 MWth

With bypass
& duct firing
(Option) Capable of
Condensing-Heating > 500 MW
Mode
Low Load
Operation

Condensing Mode Power

> 300 MW thermal for District Heating

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
GT26 Inspection Concept
Equivalent Operating Hours (EOH)
• EOH-based Inspection Regime (Intermediate Dispatch)
EOH*
Visual 9000
7000 27000
21000 45000
35000 63000
49000
Inspection
A
(3-4 days **)

Boroscopic GT Inspection
(no burner/cans exchange foreseen,
Visual no combustor tuning)
Inspection
B
(incl. Control 18000 54000
14000 42000
System Insp.)
(4-5 days**)

Hot Gas Path

GT Opening
Inspection (no shipment of rotor for
C refurbishment or maintenance
(30 days**)
36000
28000 72000
56000 foreseen during service life of
rotor)
* For High Intermediate-Load Operation - actual intervals may vary depending on operation regime
** Actual inspection duration may vary depending on operating conditions,
outage scope, parts availability, and staff qualification
** From generator breaker off to breaker on

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
KA26 Capture Ready
Concept of KA26 with CCS

Future Flue Gas

Recirculation (FGR)

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
 Alstom activity on demonstrations
1st and 2nd Generation CCS
Tests complete Operating Large-scale projects-under development
NER300 NER300

Dow Chemical Co. PGE Belchatow

AEP Mountaineer Vattenfall Schwarze- Total Lacq Poland – 260 MWen
US - 58 MWth US -2 MWth Pumpe Germany- France - 30 MWth Adv. Amines - Lignite
Chilled Ammonia, coal Adv. Amines - coal 30 MWth Oxy - Lignite Oxy - Gas
NER300

Getica - CET Turceni Datang- China

EoN Karlshamn WE – Energie Roumania – >250MWen Oxy 350 MWe lignite,
Sweden - 5 MWth Alstom Labs Växjö Alstom BSF Windsor
US - 5 MWth Sweden – 0.25 MWth US - 15 MWth Chilled ammonia - Lignite Post 350 MWe eq. coal
Chilled Ammonia–Fuel oil Chilled Ammonia, Coal
Post C. – multi purpose Oxy - coals
NER300: Applied for EU ETS Selected for receiving
Under construction New Entrant Reserve funding EEPR funding
2nd Gen 2 Gen

DOE/Alstom Windsor RFCS EU -Darmstadt

US – 3 MWth Germany –1 MWth
TCM Mongstad EDF – Le Havre Chemical looping - coal Chemical looping - coal
Norway - 40 MWth France – 5 MWth
Chilled Ammonia - Gas Adv. Amines - Coal

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Gas Power Plants
KA26 & KA24 References
BESOS 1x KA26-1 RINGSEND 1xKA26-1 ROCKSAVAGE 1xKA26-2 FLEVO 2xKA26-1
BESOS 1x KA26-1 AGHADA 1xKA26-1 ENFIELD 1xKA26-1 CLAUS C 1xKA26-3**
SAN ROQUE 1x KA26-1 SHOREHAM 1xKA26-1
SAN ROQUE 1x KA26-1 CORYTON 1xKA26-2 CYCOFOS 1xKA26-1
CASTEJON 1x KA26-1 LANGAGE 1xKA26-2 FOS SUR MER 1xKA26-1
CARTAGENA 3x KA26-1 GRAIN 3xKA26-1*
CASTEJON 2 1x KA26-1 STAYTHORPE 4xKA26-1 RDK 1xKA26-1**
MALAGA 1x KA26-1 PEMBROKE 5xKA26-1 KW EMSLAND 1xKA26-2
SOTO DE RIBERA 2x KA26-1
TPP26 1x KA26-1*
GILBERT 1x GT24
BURGIN 2x GT24 Alstom Test Power Plant
AGAWAM 1x KA24-1 1x KA26-1
MIDLOTHIAN 4x KA24-1
ALIVERI 1x KA26-1
ISLAND COGEN 1x KA24-1*
LAKE ROAD 3x KA24-1 Tzafit 2x KA26-1
MILFORD 2x KA24-1
BLACKSTONE 2x KA24-1 CHIBA 1x KA26-1
BAYSIDE 1x KA24-1**
HAYS 4x KA24-1 PORYONG 4x KA24-2
MIDLOTHIAN II 2x KA24-1
BELLINGHAM 2x KA24-1 HAI FU 2x KA24-2
LA PALOMA 4x KA24-1
BOWIN 2x KA26-1
MONTERREY 2x KA24-1 BANG BO 1x KA26-1
ROSARITO 2x KA24-1 KHANG KHOI 2x KA26-2
HERMOSILLO 1x KA24-1
SWANBANK 1x KA26-1
MONTERREY III 4x KA24-1
TALLAWARRA 1x KA26-1
EL SAUZ 1x KA24-1**
TARANAKI 1x KA26-1
TERMOBAHIA 1x KA24-1*
SENOKO 1x KA26-1**
TOCOPILLA 1x KA26-1 SCANDALE 2x KA26-1(*) SENOKO II 2x KA26-1**
GISSI 2x KA26-1 UTRAN 1x KA26-1 TUAS CCP5 1x KA26-1
DOCK SUD 1x KA26-2 TERGA 3x KA26-1 MODUGNO 1x KA26-2 JEGURUPADU III 2x KA26-1 KEPPEL II 2x KA26-1
Banyan 1x KA26-1
* CoGen Projects GHANNOUCH 1xKA26-1 FUJAIRAH 2xKA26-2; 1xKA26-1* red & italic = SC
** Repowering Projects blue = CC single-shaft
(Status: Jan 2012) blue underlined = CC multi-shaft

80 GT26 and 50 GT24

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Fleet Leaders’ Operating Hours / Starts

KA26: F-class GTCC technology proven for all duties

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA24/KA26 Plants
Last 5 Years average

ABOVE SLIDE REPRESENTING:

38 KA24 Combined cycle power plants
57 KA26-1 single shaft plants

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA26 Plants
Capacity Factor progress - 12 monthly rolling average

Represents 56% of the KA26 Fleet

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA24/ KA26 Plants
KA24/26 Fleet Operations regime in 2006-2010

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of KA24/ KA26 Plants
KA24/26 Fleet Operations regime 2011

Overall, reduced hours of operation observed in year 2011.

KA24/KA26 RAM Fleet Status Report - 1st Quarter 2012 - - P 31
© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of one specific KA26 Plant in EU
Capacity Factor progress -12 monthly rolling average

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Overall RAM status of one specific KA26 Plant in EU
12 monthly rolling average

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Key KA26 Features / Customer Benefits
• Superior operational flexibility
High full-load performance (capable of >59% efficiency with ACC)
Superior part-load performance (virtually constant efficiency from 100% down to 80% load)
High reliability and availability
Turndown capability down to below 50% load
Fast starting options including <30 minutes hot start capability
Emission compliant parking of entire plant at ~20% CCPP load
offering spinning reserve of more than 350 MW per block in 15 minutes
Superior fuel gas composition flexibility (±15% WI tolerance)
Proven GT Inlet Cooling options for power augmentation
On-line choice between Performance Optimised (PO) and
Maintenance Cost Optimised (MCO) operation modes

• Reduced emissions
NOx emissions well below EU limits (50 mg/Nm3)
CO capability well below EU limits (100 mg/Nm3)
Low overall CO2 emissions due to high efficiency over full load-range
CO2 Capture Ready solutions already available

Clean – Efficient – Flexible – Reliable - Proven

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without
express written authority, is strictly prohibited.
www.alstom.com/power