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  • A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) For Mitigation of Voltage Sag

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    A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for Mitigation of Voltage Sag

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    This is about A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for Mitigation of Voltage Sag

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    16 просмотров6 страниц

    A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) For Mitigation of Voltage Sag

    Загружено:

    Janice Tiong
    This is about A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for Mitigation of Voltage Sag

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) for mitigation of voltage sag and VAR compensation of linear loads M. Basu S.P. Das Gopal K. Dubey Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur-208016 INDIA Abstract: A Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is proposed in this paper. It Protects the consumer at the load end from supply voltage sag, and provides unity power factor at the utility for different values of ioad. In the proposed scheme, the peak voltage feedback is sampled every 1/6" eycle, so that faster compensation can be provided. Selected digital simulation results are reported along with control circuit and phasor diagram to validate the proposition. 1. INTRODUCTION Power line disturbances can often lead to severe loss in automated production industries, where sophisticated process controllers, such as PLCs, industrial control relays and contactors, solenoids and other protection devices trip due to voltage sag. Further, the adjustable speed drives, switching power supplies and industrial illumination are also affected by short duration ge sags [1], In paper and textile mills, speed fluctuation in the drives due to short term voltage sag can cause large production losses. According to the power quality survey reports [2.3.4] 68% of the disturbances are shallow, short duration voltage sag problems (typically 15% sag, for more than a few cycles) which costs billions of dollars in production loss per year [4,9]. Therefore, such consumers are keen to keep their load end voltages insensitive to the supply voltage sags, at the cost of apparently additional expenditure for ultimately greater cost benefits. This has given a thrust to investigate a power conditioning equipment for particularly voltage 627 sensitive loads. As often reactive VA compensator is required by industrial loads to avoid punitive tariffs; a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is proposed in the paper, which can simultaneously support the VAR requirement for the load, ensuring unity power factor operation at all load conditions, and also protect the load from supply voltage sag. This multi-purpose equipment provides fast dynamic response to voltage saz and VAR support to the load through appropriate closed loop control. No separate or external de link support system Fequired, as the VAR compensator maintains the common de link voltage. The voltage to be boosted in case of sag is always in quadrature advance to the supply current, thus minimising the active Power consumption for the power conditioning equipment. The control scheme is such that in the worst case, a maximum delay of only 1/6" cycle will be there to take the corrective action. The schematic diagram. control block diagram and simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of this compact scheme. Il. CONFIGURATION OF THE PROPOSED UPQC The UPQC consists of two 3-phase inverters connected in cascade in such a manner that inverter-Il (shunt inverter) is connected in parallel to the load [7]. The inverter-1 (series inverter) is connected in series with the supply voltage through a transformer (Fig.1). ‘The main purpose of the shunt inverter is to ‘compensate for the reactive power demanded by the load and to regulate the common de link voltage Inverter -1 (Sees) Fig. 1. Schematic Diagram of UPQC «The series inverter injects appropriate voltage to the supply such that the load end voltage is always maintained at the desired value. The two inverters operate in a coordinated manner. The series inverter operates in a PWM voltage controlled mode. It injects voltage in quadrature advance to the supply voltage(current). The shunt inverter operates with hysteresis current controlled mode to make the supply current in phase with the supply voltage. Ill. PHASOR DIAGRAM The following phasor diagram (Fig.2) explains the operation of UPQC. When supply voltage is Vj (rated) and therefore the load voltage Vi (IV = [Vul= (Va) is also at the rated value, and the load current is In Gilni= {h), the shunt inverter compensates the reactive component lq of load, resulting in unity ower factor, hence the load draws only in-phase component I, from the supply. Now if there is a voltage sag in the supply, such that the supply voltage falis to Via (WV,

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