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Undergone Alteration in Since there is an alteration in  c Respond immediately to In the midst of painful experiences a
nephrectomy. comfort the normal functioning of the The patient will complaint of pain.c patient͛s perception of time may become
c secondary to body, pain might result post- be relaxed and distorted. Prompt responses to
right flank post operative operatively. comfortable complaints may result in decreased
posterior mid pain and without anxiety in the patient. Demonstrated
axillary incision sitec developing any concern for patient͛s welfare and
post-operative comfort fosters the development of a
complications. trusting relationship.
 c Eliminate additional stressors or Patients may experience an exaggeration
Within 2 hours, sources of discomfort whenever in pain or a decreased ability to tolerate
the patient will possible. painful stimuli if environmental,
be relaxed and intrapersonal, or intrapsychic factors are
comfortable to further stressing them.
be evidenced by Provide rest periods to facilitate The patient͛s experiences of pain may
the 0 pain score. comfort, sleep, and relaxation. become exaggerated as the result of
Patient͛s need fatigue. In a cyclic fashion, pain may
will be attended result in fatigue, which may result in
immediately. exaggerated pain and exhaustion. A quiet
environment, a darkened room, and a
disconnected phone are all measures
geared toward facilitating rest.
Provide diversional activites Distraction techniques heighten one͛s
such as board games and deep concentration upon non-painful stimuli
breathing exercises. to decrease one͛s awareness and
experience of pain.
Provide relaxing activities such Relaxation exercises Techniques are used
as listening to relaxing music to bring about a state of physical and
and cheerful conversations. mental awareness and tranquility. The
goal of these techniques is to reduce
tension, subsequently reducing pain.
Give analgesics as ordered, Pain medications are absorbed and
evaluating effectiveness and metabolized differently by patients, so
observing for any signs and their effectiveness must be evaluated
symptoms of untoward effects. from patient to patient. Analgesics may
 cause side effects that range from mild to
life-threatening.

Reposition as indicated. May relieve pain, enhance circulation

and reduce muscle tension.
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