Summer 2014 Model Answer Paper

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)
SUMMER – 14 EXAMINATION
Subject Code: 12168 Model Answer Page No: 1/16
Important Instructions to examiners:
1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to assess the
understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more. Importance (Not applicable
for subject English and Communication Skills).
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the figure. The figures
drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give credit for any equivalent figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant values may vary
and there may be some difference in the candidate’s answers and model answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgment on part of examiner of relevant answer based on
candidate’s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on equivalent concept.
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1. a) Attempt any three of the following 12

i)Compare SI And CI engines on the basis of 4
1) Fuel consumption
2) Application
3) Compression Ratio
4) Air Fuel Ratio
Answer: Comparison of SI and CI Engine- ( 1 mark each)
4
Parameter S I Engine C I ENGINE
In SI engine due to absence of throttling The CI engine has low fuel
1) Fuel consumption the specific fuel consumption is more. consumption as it utilizes a higher
compression ratio.
Sports Car, Passenger cars & Two Heavy duty vehicle, commercial
2) Application
wheelers vehicle & Generators.
Compression ratio is low, about 10:1, Compression ratio is Higher,
3) Compression Ratio
limited by detonation. about 18:1 to 20:1.
The air / fuel ratio remains nearly A/F ratio varies considerably with
stichometric (15:1) from no load to full the load. A/F ratio may vary from
4) Air Fuel Ratio
load. about 100:1 at idling (no load) to
20:1 at full load.
(Autonomous)
ii) List four fuel additives and state one effect of each. 4
Answer: Fuel additives and their effect: (Any 4 - 1 Mark Each)
4
Sr. No. Additive Effect
Octane Improver
1 It has a positive effect on the Octane number.
(Tetra ethyl lead)
2 Anti- aging additives Improves stability during the storage.
Avoids reaction of some compounds of petrol with each other and with
3 Oxidation inhibitors oxygen- thus help in controlling gum and deposit formation during
storage.
4 Rust Inhibitors To protect components of the fuel supply system from rusting.
To inhibit reactions between the petrol and metal in the fuel supply
5 Metal Deactivators
system.
6 Detergents To keep the carburettor jets clean and thus prevent their clogging.
iii) State two advantages and two disadvantages of LPG as a SI engine fuel. 4
Answer:
Advantages of LPG: (Any 2 - 1 Mark Each)
1) It is cheaper than petrol.

2) It is highly detonation resistant and does not pre-ignite easily.
3) It gives better manifold distribution and mixes easily with air.
4) Crankcase oil dilution is less/ nil, resulting in increased engine life.
5) Residue and oil contamination is small as it burns cleanly – implies- longer lubricating oil change
Period.
6) LPG is lead free – implies- less exhaust emission.
7) Life of spark plug is increased.
Disadvantages of LPG: (Any 2 - 1 Mark Each)

1) It reduces volumetric efficiency due to its high heat of vaporization.
2) Handling has to be done under pressure of about 18 bars.
3) It characteristic odor is faint. An odourant (usually Mercaptan) is usually added so that the people will
be aware of the leaks.
4) Much of its advantages can be realized (obtained) in engines of higher compression ratio.
5) Response to blending is very poor.
6) LPG produces 10 % less power for a given engine, at full throttle.
7) The vehicle weight is increased due to the use of heavy pressure cylinders for storing LPG
iv) What is diesel knock? How is it controlled? 4

Answer:
Diesel knock:
The knock phenomenon of C.I. engine depends upon delay period. If delay period is small then
less amount of fuel is admitted into cylinder during ignition delay period. As it burns smoothly 2
knocking do not occur.
If the delay period is long, then more amount of fuel is accumulated in the combustion chamber
during ignition delay period. When it actually burns, sudden pressure rise will cause the engine to
vibrate, resulting in noise and this is said to be knocking.
(Autonomous)
Methods of controlling Diesel knocking:

1) The delay period can also be reduced by reducing the degree of turbulence as it will
reduce heat loss. However, it will increase the combustion period and thus reduce thermal
efficiency. 2
2) The delay period can be reduced by adding chemical dopes, called ignition accelerators
(ethyl-nitrate and amyl – nitrate).
3) Delay period can be reduced by multiple injections so that only small amount of fuel is
injected at first (pilot injection).
b) Attempt any one of the following 06

i) Compare Detonation in SI and CI engine knock (Four point, P-Ө diagram ). 06
Answer: Comparison of Detonation in SI And CI engine knock :
Sr Detonation in SI Engine Knocking in CI Engine

No
1 It occurs by the end of combustion It occurs by the start of combustion
2 Homogenous charge causes strong pressure Heterogeneous charge causes pressure waves to
waves and more damage to the engine set up and to cause discomfort to the occupants
3 Highest useful compression ratio is limited by Higher compression ratio tends to reduce the 4
detonation Engine knocking
4 Detonation is easily detected Knocking is difficult to detect
5 P-Ө diagram (2 Marks)
ii) Describe L-MPFI system with the help of block diagram. 6

Answer: L- MPFI SYSTEM:
The L-MPFI system is a port fuel injection system. In this type, the fuel metering is regulated by the
engine speed and the amount of air that actually enters the engine. The Air Flow Sensor measures the
amount of air and sends information to the ECU. Speed sensor sends information about the speed of the 3
engine to the ECU. ECU processes the information and sends commands to the injector, in order to
regulate the amount of petrol supply for injection. When injection takes place, the petrol mixes with the
air and the mixture enters the cylinder.
(Autonomous)

2. Attempt any two of the following : 16
a) State inputs and outputs of Electronic Control Module. Explain spark advance control as output 8
control functions of ECM.
Answer:
Inputs of Electronic Control Module: (Any three)
1. The Ignition (Engine Speed Sensor).
2. Temperature Sensor (Coolant Temperature). 3
3. Throttle Potentiometer (Intake Air Flow).
4. Throttle Switch (Idle and Overrun, WOT- Wide Open Throttle), Starter Switch.
5. Lambda (O2) Sensor.
6. Pressure Sensor (Manifold Pressure) and other sensors.
The Outputs of ECM are: (Any three)
1. Injection Volume Control.
2. Injection Timing Control. 3
3. Ignition Timing Control.
4. Evaporative Emission Control.
5. Turbocharger Boost Pressure Control (Diesel).
6. Engine / Vehicle Speed Control.
7. EGR Control.
8. Glow Plug Control (Diesel).
IGNITION SPARK ADVANCE CONTROL:

The logic module determines the precise spark advance requirements by interpreting data from the
distributor rpm signal, MAP sensor, and coolant temperature sensor. When the engine is cold, the
logic module will increase the spark advance for improved engine performance. The logic module 2
commands the power module to open the primary ignition circuit at the right instant to provide the
precise spark advance required by the engine.
(Autonomous)
b) Draw the block diagram of common rail direct injection system and explain its working 8
Answer: Common rail direct injection system:
Working:
i. In the common rail direct injection system different sensors are used for operation. These
sensors collect information about engine operating condition and send signal to the CRDI
System.
ii. Microprocessor receives the sensor signals, converts the signal in required format and then
processes the signals. e.g. Analog signals are converted into digital signals. Digital signals are 4
amplified. Then the data is compared with the look- up tables. In the Logic and power
modules, the actuators are controlled for desired control of the system. The actuators include
Fuel injectors, EGR valve, Glow control unit etc.
iii. The signal to the actuators is given in the required form like analog signals.
iv. Information is also available in form of Diagnostic trouble codes at the dashboard. It can also
be availed from the EDC using a scan tool.
c) Explain the working of positive Crank case ventilation with neat sketch 8
Answer: Positive Crank case ventilation:
The positive crankcase ventilation system is designed to control the emission from the crankcase. It is
used to keep the crankcase clean of blow-by gases. It prevents the contamination of lubricating oil in the oil
sump by fuel and products of combustion. It keeps the crankcase well ventilated. It has a calibrated passage 4
connected between oil filler tube and the air cleaner.
It allows air to enter the crankcase only when the throttle valve is less than half open. At full throttle, the
two hoses connected to air cleaner and manifold convey fumes to the induction system for burning in the
engine. For correct operation of the engine, the crankcase is sealed during the operation of the engine.
Components such as oil dip stick and oil filler cap is effectively sealed to prevent escape of the crankcase
fumes.
(Autonomous)
Fig: positive Crankcase Ventilation

(Note: Credit should be given to Equivalent block diagram)
3. Attempt any two of the following : 16

a) State the purpose of selecting the following engines:
i) Air cooled 4 stroke SI Engine for two wheeler 8
ii) Multi cylinder 4 stroke diesel engine for car.
Answer: The purpose of selecting the engines is as follows.
i) Air cooled 4 stroke Si Engine for two wheeler: (Any 4 - 1 mark each) 4
1. Better Fuel efficiency,
2. Low weight for a given power output,
3. Smaller size for a given power output,
4. Less noisy,
5. Lower emission
6. Less objectionable exhaust gas odour
7. Less smoke.
ii) Multi cylinder 4strioke diesel engine for car: (Any 4 ‐ 1 mark each)
1. Low specific fuel consumption of both full load and part load conditions (lower running cost)
2. Utilize less expensive fuels,
3. Reduced fire hazard, 4
4. Long operating life,
5. Better suited for turbo-charging.
6. Reliable engine operation
7. Flat curve of engine speed versus torque causes less frequent gear changing.
(Autonomous)
b) Describe four properties of CI engine fuels. 8
Answer: Properties of CI engine fuels: (Any 4 - 2 Marks Each)

8
(a)Flash point: - flash point is the temperature at which a flammable liquid will produce, with a
standardized apparatus and procedure, a mixture of its vapour and air which will ignite to give a
visible flash by contact with an open flame.
(b) Fire point: - Fire point is the temperature at which the flash will sustain itself as a steady flame
for at least five seconds. The flash and fire points indicate the temperature below which oil can be
handled without danger of fire, otherwise they are of little consequence.
(c) Viscosity: - Viscosity of a fuel is a measure of its resistance to flow. Viscosity is important in
lubrication and in pumping flow and spraying of liquids. Hence it is quite significant for diesel fuels.
Diesel viscosity should be low to permit bulk flow in pumping and high enough to do the necessary
lubrication. Very high viscosity can render starting from cold difficult and produce undesirable high
pressure on pump and fuel lines. Too low a viscosity can cause undue wear of pump and increased
maintenance.
(d) Cloud point: - the temperature below which the wax content of the petroleum oil separates out in
the form of a solid is called cloud point. Such waxy solid can clog fuel lines and fuel filters.
(e) Pour point: - Pour point is the temperature below which the entire mass of fuel, solid or liquid
together, freeze and thus cause flow of fuel impossible. Pour point is usually 5 to 10 C below the
cloud point.
(f) Contamination: - the contents of sand and rust particles can clog small openings and abrasive
particles can damage injector surface piston rings and cylinder walls. The water content of fuel can
freeze and clog filter and fuel lines and promote rusting in fuel system.
(g) Sulphur:- A high sulphur content in diesel fuel causes corrosion, wear of engine parts, especially
the cylinder walls, and tends to increase the rate of sticky and sludge –like deposits.
Volatility and Ignition Quality may also be given credit.
c) What is delay period? State the factors affecting the delay period. 8
Answer: Delay period:
For a diesel fuel smooth spontaneous ignition at relatively low temperature is essential.
Ignition delay period is the time period between start of injection and start of combustion, has a great 2
influence on the correct optimization of a diesel engine.
OR
It is the time immediately following injection of the fuel during which the ignition process is being
initiated and the pressure does not rise beyond the value it would have due to compression of air.
The factors affecting the delay period are: (Any 6 - 1 Mark Each)
1. Self-Ignition Temperature of the fuel.
2. Intake Temperature and pressure in the cylinder at the time of injection.
3. Compression Ratio.
4. Engine Speed.
5. Nature of the fuel mixture strength. 6
6. Type of combustion chamber.
7. Relative velocity between the fuel injection and air turbulence.
8. Presence of residual gases.
9. Rate of fuel injection.
10. Injector fuel spray fineness.
(Autonomous)
4 a) Attempt any three of the following : 12

i) Compare SI and CI engines on the basis of
i) Power outputs per unit weight 4
ii) Thermal efficiency
iii) Operating Number
iv) Operating pressure
Answer: Comparison SI and CI engines: (1 Mark Each)
Parameter S.I. Engine C.I. Engine

i) Power outputs per unit S.I. engine may weigh about 2.7 kg/kW C.I. engine may weigh about 6.5
weight kg/kW
ii) Thermal efficiency Actual efficiency less due to lower Actual efficiency more due to higher
compression ratio compression ratio 4
iii) Operating Speed High speed engine (5000 rpm) Low speed engine (about 3000 rpm.
iv) Operating pressure Compression pressure is 7 bar to15 bar Compression pressure is 30 bar to
Maximum pressure is 45 bar to 50 bar 50 bar
Maximum pressure is 60 bar to 70
bar
ii) Define :
i) Octane Number 4
ii) Cetane Number
Answer:
i) Octane Number:
It is the property of a fuel which describes how fuel will or will not self-ignite is called Octane
number of that fuel. Engines with low compression ratio can use fuels with lower octane number, but high-
compression engines must use high-octane fuel to avoid self-ignition and detonation.
OR
The percentage of Octane in the blends of reference fuels that gives same Detonation intensity in the 2
CFR variable compression ratio engine, as that of fuel under test is called the Octane number of the fuel.
ii) Cetane Number:

Cetane number of Diesel fuel is a measure of its ignition quality. The percentage of Cetane in
blends of reference fuels which gives exactly the same ignition delay (13°) when subjected to the same
compression ratio as that of fuel under test in CFR variable compression ratio engine is called the Cetane
number of the fuel. 2
(Autonomous)
iii) Draw pressure –crank angle diagram showing stages of combustion in spark ignition engine. 4
Answer: Pressure – Crank Angle Diagram showing stages of combustion in spark ignition engine
(Note: Correct diagram – 3 marks, Labels -01mark)
iv) Compare diesel and Gasoline engine emissions 4

Answer: Comparison of diesel and gasoline engine emissions: (Any 4 - 1 Mark Each)
Pollutant / Parameter Gasoline Engine Diesel Engine

Carbon Monoxide Higher CO emission occurs. Very low CO emission occurs.
Unburnt Higher Unburnt hydrocarbon Very low Unburnt hydrocarbon emission
Hydrocarbons emission occurs. occurs.
Oxides of Nitrogen High NOx emission occurs under NOx emission is higher than Gasoline 4
peak combustion temperatures and engines under similar conditions and varies
high load conditions. linearly with power output of the engine.
Smoke Negligible smoke emission occurs. Higher smoke emission occurs.
Dilution of products The products of combustion are not The products of combustion are diluted
of combustion diluted. due to excess air during combustion.
b) Solve any one of the following 06
i) Draw the circuit diagram of glow plug and explain its operation 06
Answer: Glow Plug:
Operation Of Glow Control Unit. :
On modern vehicles, engine‘s central ECU controls-high electrical glow-plug current, indicator lamp,
Safety override and automatic switching off the Glow- plugs.
The preheating phase begins when the key is turned to ‘Ignition on‘. A temperature sensor in the glow
control unit controls preheating period, so that the glow plug can reach the temperature necessary for 3
efficient starting. At the end of glow period, the Preheating indicator (glow plug) lamp goes out to signal that
the engine can be started. The glow process continues as long as the starter remains in operation, or until the
safety over ride comes into effect. This limits the loads on battery due to glow plugs.
(Autonomous)
Start phase: Here the glow plug must heat to starting temperature (approx. 850° C) as rapidly as possible.
Plug location within the combustion chamber are selected to ensure access to an ignitable mixture. Modern
glow plugs heat to required temp in roughly 4 seconds.
Post Start Phase: The glow plugs continue to operate briefly the engine has started. This improves initial
engine operation. It reduces blue smoke emission & combustion noise. The periods involved are not more
than 180 seconds.
(Note: Credit should be given to Equivalent diagram)
ii) Draw evaporative emission control system schematic diagram and describe it’s working. 6
Answer: Evaporative emission control system:

Evaporative Emission control systems reduce the emission of petrol vapours from the fuel tank and
carburetor vents. In warm weather, petrol evaporates more easily. The vapour pressure of petro is more
closely controlled, which is helping in the control of these emissions also. Evaporative emissions are said to 3
account for about 20 % of a vehicle emission. A parked vehicle can emit substantial amount of Unburnt
hydrocarbons if it is not equipped with this system or if the system is not working properly.
It consists of a Charcoal Canister. Activated charcoal can store petrol vapours until the right time for
them to be drawn into the engine and burnt. When the engine is off, vapours are routed through lines and
hoses to a charcoal canister where they are stored. When the engine is running, the vapours are purged from
the canister. They are drawn to the intake manifold for burning in the cylinders.
(Autonomous)
When the engine uses fuel injection, the fuel system is sealed to avoid evaporative emissions. The fuel
tank is sealed/ provided with a vacuum valve- to prevent vapour loss.
5) Attempt any one of the following : 16

a) State two advantages and two disadvantages of electric cars. 4
Answer: Advantages Of Electric Car: (any 2 - 1 mark each)
1. Rapid acceleration 4
2. Noise free operation
3. No exhaust fumes
4. High reliability
5. Easy maintenance
6. Regenerating braking
7. No loss power in idling.
8. Easy to drive
Disadvantages Of Electric Car: (Any 2 - 1 Mark Each)
1. Need to charge the batteries.

2. The top speed is quite low.
3. Life of batteries quite short
4. More expensive to replace the batteries.
5. Not suitable for heavy vehicles
6. Limited power.
b) State four advantages of using MPFI system over carburetted fuel supply system 4
Answer: The advantages of MPFI over carburetted fuel supply system Engine: (Any 4 - 1 Mark Each)
1) Reduced fuel consumption.
2) Better drivability.
3) Reduced engine emission. 4
4) Better mixture distribution to the engine cylinders.
5) It avoids engine detonation.
6) No evaporative emissions.
7) Quieter operation of engine.
8) Better comfort to the passengers.
9) Diagnostic capability reduces engine down time & lesser cost of labour.
c) Compare TBI and PFI system 4

Answer: (Any 4 - 1 Mark Each)
Sr. PFI System TBI system
No.
1. Fuel is injected into the port. Fuel is injected into the center of the throttle body. 4
2. PFI uses top feed injector TBI uses bottom feed injector
3. Fuel injector need not be flushed Fuel injector needs to be flushed continuously- to
prevent formation of air bubble.
4. Fuel injectors are equal to the number of 1 or 2 Fuel injectors are used
cylinders
(Autonomous)
5. PFI is comparatively high pressure TBI is comparatively low pressure injection

injection (differential pressure = 2 to 3.5 (differential pressure = 0.7 to 1 bar )
bar)
6. Costly fuel pump is required to generate Cheaper fuel pump is sufficient to generate the
the required pressure required low pressure
7. All cylinders receive equal quantity and Mixture mal-distribution may occur
quality of air: fuel mixture
8. More accurate fuel injection control is Less accurate fuel injection control gives
obtained. Therefore increased fuel moderate fuel economy.
economy is obtained
9. This is costly system. This is a cheap system.
10. Very low exhaust emission is achieved to Exhaust emission is above the permissible
meet the strict emission norms. emission norms.
11. Better throttle response as fuel is injected Moderate throttle response as the fuel is injected
on hot back side of intake valve and at the throttle body and longer length of travel for
shorter length of travel for fuel – to enter fuel to enter the engine cylinder.
the engine cylinder
12. Hither power output due to low Lower power output due to lower volumetric
resistance at intake manifold and higher efficiency caused by bulky injector body at the
volumetric efficiency. throttle body.
d) Draw cut section diagram of Top Feed Electronic fuel injector and label it. 4
Answer:

(Autonomous)
e) State the effect of engine maintenance on exhaust emission. 4

Answer: Effect of engine maintenance on exhaust emission:
1) S.I. engine maintenance determines whether the engine will operate at designed air: fuel ratio &
for how long. This includes Checking of - piston ring wear, lubrication , cooling , deposits , dirt
on air cleaner element , sticking choke valve & other factors that are likely to affect the air: fuel 2
ratio supplied or it’s combustion in combustion chamber. For example, a misfire allows an entire
air: fuel charge to be exhausted without combustion; a very dirty air cleaner can reduce A: F
ratio, generally increasing emissions of HC& CO.
2) C.I. engine maintenance decides the Smoke level. Lubricating oil flowing past the piston rings,
results in blue – white smoke. Blue – white smoke , other than during cold starting , indicates 2
that piston rings are worn –out & maintenance is needed. Maintenance affects injection
characteristics (i.e. affects spray penetration→ inadequate/excess; droplet size-unsuitable;
duration of injection-excessive, secondary injection & improper dispersion- atomization. All
these characteristics substantially increase the smoke level) Good Maintenance of injectors is a
must for lower smoke levels.
6. Attempt any four of the following 16

a) What is direct injection type of combustion chamber? Draw a sketch of the same combustion 4
chamber.
Answer: Direct injection type of combustion chamber:
Direct Injection Or Open Chamber engines which have a single open combustion chamber into which 1
fuel is injected directly.
(Note: Any one type of open combustion chamber - 3 Marks)
3
(Autonomous)
b) Draw block diagram of a closed loop electronic fuel injection feedback control system. 4
Answer:
4
(Autonomous)
c) State four advantages of CRDI system 4

Answer: Advantages of CRDI system: (Any 4 - 1 Mark each)
1. Separation of pressure generation and injection allowing flexibility in controlling both the injection
rates and timing of CRDI 4
2. Fuel pressure does not depend on the engine speed and load conditions
3. High injection pressures (about 1500 bar) and good spray preparations are possible even at low engine
speeds and loads.
4. CRDI engines have capability to deliver stable, small pilot injections can be used for decreased NOx
emissions and noise.
5. Fuel pump operates with low drive torque
4
d) Explain the operation of electronically controlled diesel injection system
Answer: Electronically controlled diesel injection system:
(Note: Marks may be given to equivalent answer and block diagram.)
1. The Electronic Diesel Control Engine Control Unit (EDC ECU) receives signal from various sensors
like Control spool position sensor, air mass sensor, engine speed sensor, Manifold absolute Pressure
sensor, vehicle speed sensor and accelerator pedal position sensor.
2. The data is processed and using various actuators like control spool solenoid, timing advance unit
solenoid, EGR solenoid and glow plug control module, the engine operation is controlled.
3. Depending on the position of the control spool, fuel injection quantity is varied.
4. The timing advance unit (Through EDC ECU) controls the pressure applied to advance unit and times
the injection by changing the control signal to the solenoid. 4
5. EDC ECU controls idle speed of engine by separately controlling the fuel delivered to each cylinder of
the engine. It also controls fuel delivery at other operating conditions while ensuring precise control
over injection timing, quantity and speed of the engine.
6. EDC ECU also includes a diagnostic function. In case of a fault, ECU detects it and illuminates a
warning lamp in the instrument panel to alert the driver that a fault has occurred. If a sensor circuit
fails, the ECU will substitute the value of sensor circuit to provide Limited Emergency Operation of
the system.

(Autonomous)
4
e) State four methods of controlling diesel smoke. Explain any one method
Answer: Methods of controlling diesel smoke : (Methods 2 marks - explanation of one method- 2 marks)
1) De-rating:- At lower loads, the air: fuel ratio obtained will be leaner & hence the smoke developed
will be less. However this means a loss of output.
2) Maintenance: - Maintaining the injection system of engine properly results in a a) significantly

reduced smoke. b) Best engine performance. c) Clean exhaust system. Other methods are changes in
combustion chamber geometry, fumigation, use of smoke suppressant additives. 4

3) Smoke suppressant additives:- Some barium compound, if used in fuel, reduce the temp of
combustion, thus avoiding the soot formation, & if formed- they break it into the fine particles, thus
appreciably reducing smoke.
4) Fumigation:- Fumigation consists of introducing a small amount of fuel into the intake manifold. This
shortens the delay period- curbs thermal cracking which is responsible for soot formation.

Summer 2014 Model Answer Paper

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Important Instructions to examiners:

1. a) Attempt any three of the following 12

1) It is cheaper than petrol.

Disadvantages of LPG: (Any 2 - 1 Mark Each)

iv) What is diesel knock? How is it controlled? 4

Methods of controlling Diesel knocking:

b) Attempt any one of the following 06

Sr Detonation in SI Engine Knocking in CI Engine

ii) Describe L-MPFI system with the help of block diagram. 6

IGNITION SPARK ADVANCE CONTROL:

Fig: positive Crankcase Ventilation

3. Attempt any two of the following : 16

ii) Multi cylinder 4strioke diesel engine for car: (Any 4 ‐ 1 mark each)

b) Describe four properties of CI engine fuels. 8

Answer: Properties of CI engine fuels: (Any 4 - 2 Marks Each)

4 a) Attempt any three of the following : 12

Answer: Comparison SI and CI engines: (1 Mark Each)

Parameter S.I. Engine C.I. Engine

ii) Cetane Number:

iv) Compare diesel and Gasoline engine emissions 4

Pollutant / Parameter Gasoline Engine Diesel Engine

(Note: Credit should be given to Equivalent diagram)

5) Attempt any one of the following : 16

1. Need to charge the batteries.

c) Compare TBI and PFI system 4

5. PFI is comparatively high pressure TBI is comparatively low pressure injection

e) State the effect of engine maintenance on exhaust emission. 4

6. Attempt any four of the following 16

(Note: Any one type of open combustion chamber - 3 Marks)

c) State four advantages of CRDI system 4

2) Maintenance: - Maintaining the injection system of engine properly results in a a) significantly

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