5V Power Supply using 7805 Voltage Regulator

In most of our electronic products or projects we need a power supply for

converting mains AC voltage to a regulated DC voltage. For making a power
supply designing of each and every component is essential. Here I’m going to
discuss the designing of regulated 5V Power Supply.

Let’s start with very basic things the choosing of components

Component List :
1. Voltage regulator
2. Capacitors
3. 1k Resistor
4. Led diode

Voltage regulator :
As we require a 5V we need LM7805 Voltage Regulator IC.

7805 IC Rating :

 Input voltage range 7V- 35V

 Current rating Ic = 1A
 Output voltage range VMax=5.2V ,VMin=4.8V
Capacitors :

What we are going to do, is build this power supply, with a couple of
simple changes. This regulator needs a 1000 uF capacitor on the input
side, and a 100 uF capacitor on the output side. The capacitors help filter
the input and output from noise created by the power supply, and/or the
load. We will add larger capacitors on both sides, to help keep our power
supply clean, and noise free. Secondly, there is no way of knowing if our
power supply is working, so we will add a little LED as our power
indicator.

1k Ohm Resistor with LED :

With the quick calculation above, you can see that for maximum brightness of our
red LED, we need a resistor of 100 ohm. Since I don't really care about maximum
brightness, I'd rather have a dimmer LED and save my battery; so I decided to use
a 1k ohm resistor instead, which will still give me plenty of brightness and increase
my battery life.