ArcGIS Major

Assignment
GISC 9301- D3
Taylor J Dilliott, BA
19 December 2017

1-109 Sanford Ave South, Hamilton, ON L8M 2G7

E: Taylor.J.Dilliott@gmail.com M: (289) 969-1847
Taylor J Dilliott, BA
1-109 Sanford Ave South, Hamilton, ON L8M 2G7
E: Taylor.J.Dilliott@gmail.com M: (289) 969-1847

December 19, 2017

Ms. Janet Finlay

Instructor
Niagara College, Niagara-on-the-Lake Campus
135 Taylor Road, Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON, L0S 1J0

Dear Ms. Finlay

RE: GISC9301 D3- Major ArcGIS Assignment

Please accept this email as my formal letter of transmittal for GISC9301 D3- Major ArcGIS
Assignment as per the terms of reference. If necessary, the geodatabase can be found in
X:\Students\tdilliott1\9301ArcGis\Assignments\D3.

I enjoyed this assignment as it provided an opportunity to use skills learned from other classes,
such as Database and Data Warehousing, to complete the assignment, which is something
that has sometimes been lacking from other courses so far.

Sincerely,

Taylor J. Dilliott, BA
GIS-GM Certificate Candidate

TJD\

Enclosures: DilliottGISC9301D3.docx Report

 GISC 9301- D3
ArcGIS Major Assignment December 19, 2017

Abstract
Throughout the Niagara Region there is an abundance of natural waterways ranging from
major rivers and canals to small streams and creeks. Equally as prevalent as the waterways is
the amount of wineries in the region, particularly in the municipality of Niagara-on-the-Lake.
While these wineries help drive tourism to the region, there is an increasing concern about
the potential contaminant runoff into the regions waterways from the winemaking process.

Using data gathered during previous projects and Esri ArcGIS software, a spatial analysis of
the potential contaminant spread will be conducted. This analysis will focus on the range of
contaminants released by 12 wineries within the municipality of Niagara-on-the-Lake and the
potentially affected waterways. The newly created data will be presented in this formal report
and in a series of maps that can be found in Appendix B of this report.

All geographic features created for this report will be located in an associated geodatabase
to be used for verification and research purposes.

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Table of Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................. i
Table of Figures .................................................................................................................................... ii
1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Background .................................................................................................................................... 1
3.0 Goal ................................................................................................................................................. 1
4.0 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 2
Objective 1 .................................................................................................................................... 2
Objective 2 .................................................................................................................................... 3
Objective 3 .................................................................................................................................... 3
Objective 4 .................................................................................................................................... 3
Objective 5 .................................................................................................................................... 4
Objective 6 .................................................................................................................................... 4
Objective 7 .................................................................................................................................... 5
Objective 8 .................................................................................................................................... 6
Objective 9 .................................................................................................................................... 7
Objective 10 .................................................................................................................................. 7
5.0 Findings ........................................................................................................................................... 9
6.0 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 9
Bibliography........................................................................................................................................ 10
Appendix A.......................................................................................................................................... A
Appendix B .......................................................................................................................................... A

Table of Figures
Figure 1: Background Colour Inversion ............................................................................................. 2
Figure 2: Creating a feature class from XY Data ............................................................................. 3
Figure 3: Separating Wineries based on Variety Production ......................................................... 4
Figure 4: Feature Class to Feature Class Importing ......................................................................... 5
Figure 5: Using the "Project" Tool ........................................................................................................ 5
Figure 6: Contaminant Buffers Based on Wine Type ....................................................................... 6
Figure 7: Using the Buffer Tool and Dissolving Borders ..................................................................... 7
Figure 8: Using the Union Tool to Combine the Winery Buffers ...................................................... 8
Figure 9: Using the Intersect Tool to Show the Affected Area ....................................................... 8

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ArcGIS Major Assignment December 19, 2017

1.0 Introduction
With the abundance of wineries in the Niagara Region, specifically within Niagara-on-the-
Lake, contamination of waterways due to runoff from the wine production is a major concern.
This project aims to discover the spread of contaminants from 12 wineries around Niagara-
on-the-Lake based on the type of wine they produce (red, white and rose) and the proximity
of those wineries to hydrologic features such as rivers, streams and creeks. This spatial analysis
will be presented in a series of maps for ease of understanding, with an accompanying
geodatabase for reference.

2.0 Background
The ArcGIS Major Assignment was the culmination of several other assignments from different
courses, primarily GISC 9303 Database and Data Warehousing. It was within this course that
the winery data was gathered and organized into a Microsoft Access Database. This data
includes the winery names, geographic locations in both UTM Zone 17 and
Latitude/Longitude, area of the wineries, the types of wine produced at these wineries,
sales/production data and much more data related to the wineries.

The geodatabase and associated metadata was created to provide a visual representation
of the winery locations and the contamination spread caused by the wine production at
these facilities. The data for the Niagara Hydrology, municipal boundaries and roadways was
provided by the GIS –Geospatial Management program at Niagara College and was usable
after being projected into the proper co-ordinate system using ArcMap.

Once the data were properly displayed in ArcMap some processing had to be completed
to create new datasets, primarily the creation of buffer zones for the waterways and the
wineries to determine affected areas.

This project was completed using Esri ArcGIS programs ArcMap and ArcCatalog, and
Microsoft Access and Word.

3.0 Goal
The primary goal of this project was to undertake a spatial analysis of a number of wineries in
the municipality of Niagara-on-the-Lake, determine the spread of potential contaminates
from these wineries, visualize these findings as maps and create a final report based on these
findings, all using ArcGIS software.

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4.0 Methodology
Objective 1
The first objective to complete this assignment was the creation of background imagery of
the Niagara Region. This was provided by the GIS Program and was ensured to be projected
to UTM Zone 17, NAD 1983. Due to the black background of the image the colours had to be
inverted. This was accomplished by editing the layer symbology properties and selecting the
“Invert” option as seen below.

Figure 1 Background Colour Inversion

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Objective 2
Once the background imagery had been properly established the previously created winery
database had to be brought into ArcGIS. This was done through the creation of a feature
class using XY data gathered in the field. The data were already collected as UTM Zone 17,
NAD 1983 and stored in the Winery Location table within the database, all it needed was to
be properly imported as seen in Figure 2, below.

Figure 2: Creating a feature class from XY Data

Objective 3
Now that the basic geodatabase had been created, the metadata for the database had
to be edited. This included editing the summary, description and tags of the database. A
screenshot of the metadata can be found in Appendix A.

Objective 4
Once this was complete, the XY data had to be joined to the Winery information table and
wine product table. This was done using the Joins and Relates tool and the common field of
“Winery ID” within the tables. Now that the tables were related, the wineries would need to
be distinguished based on the wine type they produced. To do this an additional table
column had to be added to the Attribute Table displaying the type of wine produced. Using

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the “Select” tool, the wineries were then separated out into new feature classes using an SQL
statement as seen in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Separating Wineries based on Variety Production

Objective 5
The next step was to import the roadway data for the Niagara Region and Niagara-on-the-
Lake. These data were located in separate features and had to be projected properly into
UTM Zone 17, NAD 1983. They were imported using the Feature Class to Feature Class tool
(detailed in Objective 7) and relabeled as Niagara Region Roads. The features were then
projected into the proper coordinate system using the “Project” tool, also detailed in
Objective 7.

Objective 6
Creation of a Niagara-on-the-Lake municipal boundary was the next step. Using the provided
Hamilton/Niagara Municipal Boundaries data, the data were projected from their
Geographic Coordinate System into UTM Zone 17 NAD 1983 to become usable. This was done
in the same was as in Objective 5. Once the data were properly projected, only the Niagara-
on-the-Lake municipality was required. Removal of the other municipalities was done by
selecting the Niagara-on-the-Lake municipality, inverting the selection and deleted the other
line polygon features. The feature was then clipped to appropriate size.

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Objective 7
The next dataset to be imported was the Niagara stream data. This was imported using the
Feature Class to Feature Class option seen in Figure 4 below. The data were then projected
into the proper coordinate system using the “Project” tool seen in Figure 5, also below.

Figure 4 Feature Class to Feature Class Importing

Figure 5 Using the "Project" Tool

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Objective 8
Now that the basemap (Appendix B) had been established the buffers around the wineries
had to be created. This was done using the “Buffer” tool (detailed in Objective 9, Figure 7)
and information regarding contaminant travel distance provided by the GIS program. White
contaminates travelled 0.5 Km, Red travelled 1.6 Km and Rose travelled 2.5 Km. The result
from this can be seen in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Contaminant Buffers Based on Wine Type

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Objective 9
After creating the buffers for the wineries, a buffer around the waterways also needed to be
created. This was again done using the “Buffer” tool and data provided by the GIS program.
The waterways all required a buffer of 1200 meters and in order to stop ArcMap from creating
a high amount of polygons, the Dissolve Type option was set to “all”

Figure 7 Using the Buffer Tool and Dissolving Borders

Objective 10
The final objective for this project was the overlay analysis of the two buffer zones. In order to
properly represent the overlay zone, the Winery buffers were combined into a single feature
using the “Union” tool (Figure 8) before the overlay feature was created (Figure 9). The overlay
feature was created using the “Intersect” tool with the feature boundaries set as the newly
created buffer union layer and the hydrology buffer. The area displayed by the intersect
shows the potential contaminant spread area. The final map in Appendix B displays this data
formally.

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Figure 8 Using the Union Tool to Combine the Winery Buffers

Figure 9 Using the Intersect Tool to Show the Affected Area

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5.0 Findings
Using this created intersect analysis it can be determined that many of the waterways in and
around Niagara-on-the-Lake could be at risk from potential contaminates. The area which is
most at risk would be towards Lake Ontario in the north, primarily due to Strewn Estate Winery,
Stonechurch Vineyards (now known as Small Talk Vineyards), Konzelmann Estate Winery and
Josephs Estates Wines all producing Rose wine, which has the largest contaminate range of
the 3 varieties measured.

Equally concerning would be proximity of the 3 northernmost wineries (Konzelmann,

Sunnybrook and Strewn) to the lake itself, as even though this analysis did not include the
lake, it is highly likely that the contaminants would continue to spread into the Lake, creating
the potential for an even larger affected area.

This concern also applies to the Reif Estates Winery, Inniskillin Wines and Marynissen Estates
Winery located in the eastern portion of the municipality close to the Niagara River and
Canadian-American border. These wineries are not currently producing Rose wine so their
contaminate ranges are significantly less, though contamination across borders is a major
concern, as is the contamination of the Niagara River, as it feeds directly into the lake and
has several smaller offshoot streams.

The area of the least concern for potential contamination is in the southern part of the
municipality, where there is only a single winery, Chateau Des Charmes, producing white
wine, which had the lowest contamination range of the varieties. Should this winery expand
its operations to include other varieties however, its proximity to a substantial amount of
waterways, the Welland Canal and the Sir Adam Beck Hydroelectric Station Reservoir would
become concerning.

6.0 Conclusions
From this study it can be concluded that wine contaminant runoff is a major concern for the
Niagara Region due to the high number of wineries in the area and the number of waterways
throughout the peninsula. There is also a high chance of increased contamination if the
wineries in the area change the style of wine being produced, especially if the change is
from white to rose. This change could cause contamination throughout the municipality of
Niagara-on-the-Lake and potentially spread into the United States, Lake Erie and other
nearby municipalities.

In order to better assess the contamination risk, it is recommended that a second study be
conducted, this time including the lake, Niagara River, Welland Canal and reservoirs as
waterways and potentially expanding the survey to include more than the original 12
wineries. It is also recommended that a study be done to see if there is a correlation between
amounts of wine produced, contaminates released and the range of these contaminates,

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as the larger wineries with more production could be causing a higher amount of
contamination than their smaller counterparts.

Bibliography
Finlay, J. (2017). GISC9301 D3- Major ArcGIS Assignment Terms of Reference. Niagara-on-
the-Lake: Niagara College GIS Geospatial Management Program.

All data for map creation provided by the Niagara College GIS-Geospatial Management
Program and Janet Finlay

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Appendix A
Geodatabase and Metadata Screenshots

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Appendix B
Created Maps

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ArcGIS Major Assignment December 19, 2017
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ArcGIS Major Assignment December 19, 2017