Abstract: The distinctive paper is devoted to contemporary problems of numerical modelling of unique struc-
tures, buildings and facilities and corresponding directions of activity of Scientific Research Center “StaDyO”
including development, verification and use of corresponding software, development and refinement of methods
of structural analysis, solution of scientific and technical problems, scientific and educational activity. Experi-
ence in theoretical and practical computational analysis is under consideration as well (26-year history).
Keywords: numerical modelling, computational analysis, structural analysis, structures, buildings, software
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ЧИСЛЕННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ СОСТОЯНИЯ
ЗДАНИЙ, СООРУЖЕНИЙ И КОМПЛЕКСОВ
А.М. Белостоцкий1,2,3,4, П.А. Акимов1,2,4,5, И.Н. Афанасьева1,2,
Т.Б. Кайтуков2,5
1
ЗАО «Научно-исследовательский центр «СтаДиО», г. Москва, РОССИЯ
2
Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет,
г. Москва, РОССИЯ
3
Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, г. Пермь, РОССИЯ
4
Научно-исследовательский институт строительной физики Российской академии
архитектуры и строительных наук, г. Москва, РОССИЯ
5
Российская академия архитектуры и строительных наук, г. Москва, РОССИЯ
9
Alexander M. Belostotsky, Pavel A. Akimov, Irina N. Afanasyeva, Taymuraz B. Kaytukov
x development and refinement of methods and design, development and verification of proprie-
algorithms for solution of large-scale compu- tary software systems (Figure 1). STADYO is
tational problems (direct and iterative solv- the universal software system providing temper-
ers, superelement technology, adaptive ature fields, static, stability and dynamic analy-
schemes, parallelizing, etc.); sis (including response spectra and accelerations
x development of calibratable mathematical definition) as well as fracture mechanics and
and computer models as part of structural strength analysis and optimization of arbitrary
health monitoring systems at the stages of combined 2-D and 3-D solid, shell, plate and
erection and operation of buildings and fa- beam mechanical systems by the finite ele-
cilities; ments, superelement and other modern numeri-
x application of algorithms of aerodynamics cal methods. STADYO is verified and certifi-
for modelling of snow sedimentations, explo- cated in Gosatomnadzor RF (State Nuclear
sion loads and distribution of hazardous Safety Commission of the Russian Federation),
emissions; it is applied in the leading design and research
x numerical modelling of three-dimensional institutes and plants (for instance, Atomener-
non-stationary problems of fire resistance; goproject (Russia), Hydroporoject (Russia),
x solution of coupled problems of aerohydroe- Teploenergoproject (Russia), Energoproject
lasticity. (Bulgaria), Siemens AG (Germany), etc.)). AS-
TRA-NOVA is the software system for nuclear
2.2. Development and verification of software. power plants, fuel power plants, which provides
During twenty six years specialists from SRC petroleum pipelines stress-strain analysis in ac-
“StaDyO” successfully worked in the field of cordance with existing Russian and international
design codes (Figure 3).
Volume 13, Issue 2, 2017 11
Alexander M. Belostotsky, Pavel A. Akimov, Irina N. Afanasyeva, Taymuraz B. Kaytukov
Figure 2. Software systems for analysis of loads and effects, strength and stability
of structures, buildings and facilities.
SyMonEx is informational & diagnostic com- Analytical solution along basic direction is ap-
puter system of monitoring and expert safety parently preferable in all aspects for qualitative
evaluation of complicated power energetic analysis of calculation data. It allows investiga-
structures. These software systems have power- tor to consider boundary effects when some
ful pre- and postprocessors, which allow to pre- components of solution are rapidly varying
pare input data and analyse results, correspond functions. Due to the abrupt decrease inside of
to world standards and can work together with mesh elements in many cases their rate of
various modern CAD/CAM systems and data change can’t be adequately considered by con-
bases. Besides, it is vital to specify the follow- ventional numerical methods while analytics
ing activities: enables study. Another feature of discrete-
x review of results of structural analysis with continual methods is the absence of limitations
the use of verified software; on lengths of structures. Hence it appears that in
x training of specialists-users of software sys- this context discrete-continual methods are pe-
tems which provide mathematical modelling culiarly relevant.
of structures, buildings and facilities; Solution of corresponding resultant systems of
x qualification tests and certification of special- equations with immense number of unknowns is
ists dealing with computational structural the most time-consuming stage of the compu-
analysis and corresponding experts reports; ting, especially if we take into account the limi-
x verification of numerical methods and soft- tation in performance of personal computers,
ware used in design and structural analysis; contemporary software and necessity to obtain
x construction and technical expertise of build- correct solution in a reasonable time. However,
ings and facilities (including cases of local high-accuracy solution at all points of the model
destruction). is not required normally, it is necessary to find
only the most accurate solution in some pre-
2.3 Development and refinement of methods known domains. Generally the choice of these
of structural analysis. domains is a priori data with respect to the
Research and development of numerical (finite structure being modeled. Designers usually
element method, boundary element method, var- choose domains with the so-called edge effect
iation-difference method, meshless method, fi- (with the risk of significant stresses that could
nite volume method etc.) and semianalytical potentially lead to the destruction of structures,
(discrete-continual) methods of structural analy- etc.) and regions which are subject to specific
sis [1-10,23] are the most important aspects of operational requirements. It is obvious that the
ensuring safety of structures and buildings. stress-strain state in such domains is of para-
Particularly the field of application of discrete- mount importance. Specified factors along with
continual methods (discrete-continual finite el- the obvious needs of the designer or researcher
ement method, discrete-continual boundary el- to reduce computational costs by application of
ement method, discrete-continual variation- sophisticated correct discrete and discrete-
difference method), which are now becoming continual methods cause considerable urgency
available for computer realization, comprises of constructing of special algorithms for obtain-
structures with regular (in particular, constant or ing local solutions (in some domains known in
piecewise constant) physical and geometrical advance) of boundary problems. Wavelet analy-
parameters in some dimension (so-called sis provides effective and popular tool for such
“basic” direction (dimension)). Considering researches. Solution of the considering problem
problems remain continual along “basic” direc- within multilevel wavelet analysis is represented
tion while along other directions discrete- as a composition of local and global compo-
continual methods presuppose corresponding nents.
mesh approximation.
Figure 4. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 5. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 6. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 7. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 8. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
The first level of pedestrian comfort is the repeatability of wind speed in gusts 6 m/s (hour/year),
utilization factor Ө = 2. Permissible value – 1000 hours.
Figure 9. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
The second level of pedestrian comfort is the repeatability of wind speed in gusts 12 m/s
(hour/year), utilization factor Ө = 2. Permissible value – 50 hours.
The third level of pedestrian comfort is the repeatability of wind speed in gusts 20 m/s (hour/year),
utilization factor Ө = 2. Permissible value – 5 hours
Figure 10. Sample of computing of wind loads on load-bearing and facade structures and pedestrian
comfort of buildings of a residential complex , located at Pushkino, Moscow Region (ANSYS CFD).
Computational domain
with the indicated
boundary conditions.
Angle of wind impact
0°
Figure 11. Wind aerodynamics. Evaporative cooling towers of Novovoronezh nuclear power
plant – 2 (sample). Three-dimensional CFD-model (ANSYS CFD).
Total loads
(ton-force) FX
and FY on the
first and the
second cooling
towers caused by
tornado (s).
Figure 12. Wind aerodynamics. Evaporative cooling towers of Novovoronezh nuclear power
plant – 2 (sample). Three-dimensional CFD-model (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 13. Wind aerodynamics. Evaporative cooling towers of Novovoronezh nuclear power
plant – 2 (sample). Three-dimensional CFD-model (ANSYS CFD).
Response spectra (cm/s2) for the Basic NPP-2006 Project, intensity 6 on the MSK-64 scale
Figure 15. Wind aerodynamics. Evaporative cooling towers of Novovoronezh nuclear power
plant – 2 (sample). Three-dimensional CFD-model (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 16. Wind aerodynamics. Evaporative cooling towers of Novovoronezh nuclear power
plant – 2 (sample). Three-dimensional CFD-model (ANSYS CFD).
Figure 18. Analysis of stress-strain state, strength and stability of load-bearing structures
of football stadiums of the World Cup 2018 (ANSYS). Samples.
entertainment centers, multi-storey panel x arious bio- and nanostructures (for ex-
block sections and monolithic buildings, ample, double linear and closed DNA
schools and polyclinics, banners with al- (deoxyribonucleic acid) helices).
lowance for initial tension of ropes, wind x – complex mechanical engineering struc-
loads and other factors); tures, machines and mechanisms includ-
x overground and underground pipelines ing aerospace systems, transport, ship-
of heating systems, main oil and gas building, power engineering, ferrous and
pipelines, petrochemical and gas pipe- non-ferrous metallurgy, consumer elec-
lines and equipment (analysis of “Sakha- tronics, etc. (analysis of stress-strain
lin – Khabarovsk – Vladivostok” gas state, dynamic response and strength of
pipeline system is among the last com- the coupled system “Science power plat-
prehensive and “breakthrough” research- form – drive unit – solar batteries” and
es); subsystems of the International Space
x wind power plants of various types and Station (ISS) “Alpha” at the stages of
capacities; launch and orbital activity.
x loating structures and platforms for the
offshore extraction of oil and gas;
Figure 19. Analysis of stress-strain state, strength and stability of load-bearing structures
of football stadiums of the World Cup 2018 (ANSYS). Samples.
2. Complex, including record-sized (up to 200 x large-span buildings and structures (sta-
million unknowns) three-dimensional sta- diums “Moskvich” (Moscow), “Zenit”
tionary and non-stationary problems of (Saint-Petersburg), railway station in
building aerodynamics dealing with compu- Adler, a ski jumping complex of Winter
ting of average and pulsating components Olympic Games – 2014, etc.);
of wind loads, wind loads on facade and x monuments (monument on Poklonnaya
enclosing structures, pedestrian comfort of Hill (Moscow), monuments “Conquerors
numerous unique objects: of the Cosmos” and “Worker and Col-
x high-rise buildings, structures and com- lective Farm Girl” at the Exhibition of
plexes (Moscow International Business Economic Achievements (VDNKh,
Center “Moscow-City”, “Gazoil City” Moscow), etc.);
(Moscow), “Zodiac” (Moscow), “Sky x complex of basic structures of nuclear
Fort” (Moscow), “Dirigible” (Moscow), power plant with WWER (reactor com-
“Rublevsky Lights” (Moscow), “Aqua- partments, engine rooms, evaporative
marine” (Vladivostok), group of build- cooling towers, etc.) with allowance for
ings of National Research Moscow State extreme (hurricane) wind and tornado.
University of Civil Engineering, Besides, contemporary problems of refined nu-
Ostankino TV Tower in Moscow, build- merical modelling and aircraft crashes are consid-
ings located at Saint-Petersburg, Kiev, ered for the basic structures of nuclear power
Astana, etc.); plants of various types (WWER, RBMK and BN).
Figure 20. Analysis of stress-strain state, strength and stability of load-bearing structures
of football stadiums of the World Cup 2018 (ANSYS). Samples.
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and Applied Mathematics, 2013, 260 p. slavskoeShosse, 129337, Moscow, Russia; tel./fax: +7
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Based on Combined Application of Finite исследовательский центр СтаДиО», профессор кафед-
Element Method and Discrete-continual ры прикладной математики Национального исследо-
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тел. +7 (495) 706-88-10, e-mail: stadyo@stadyo.ru.
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nite Element Method for Solid and Struc- фессор, доктор технических наук; Главный ученый
tural Mechanics. Volume 2. Butterworth- секретарь РААСН; заместитель генерального дирек-
Heinemann, 2005, 736 p. тора по науке ЗАО «Научно-исследовательский центр
СтаДиО», профессор кафедры прикладной математи-
26. Zienkiewicz O.C., Taylor R.L., Zhu J.Z. ки Национального исследовательского Московского
The Finite Element Method: Its Basis and государственного строительного университета (НИУ
Fundamentals. Butterworth-Heinemann, МГСУ); 107031, г. Москва, ул. Большая Дмитровка, д.
2005, 752 p. 24, стр. 1; тел. +7(495) 625-71-63; факс +7 (495) 650-
27-31; e-mail: akimov@raasn.ru,
pavel.akimov@gmail.com.
Alexander M. Belostotsky, Corresponding Member of Rus- Афанасьева Ирина Николаевна, кандидат технических
sian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, наук, старший преподаватель кафедры прикладной
PhD, Professor, StaDyO Research & Engineering Center; математики, директор Научно-образовательного цен-
Deputy Director of Research & Education Center of Com- тра компьютерного моделирования уникальных зда-
putation Simulation, National Research Moscow State ний, сооружений и комплексов; Национальный ис-
University of Civil Engineering, 26, Yaroslavskoe Shosse, следовательский университет Московский государ-
Moscow, 129337, Russia; phone/fax: +7 (499) 929-50-17; ственный строительный университет; 129337, Россия,
e-mail: stadyo@stadyo.ru, niccm@mgsu.ru г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, дом 26; тел./факс: +7
(499)183-59-94; e-mail: niccm@mgsu.ru
Pavel A. Akimov, Full Member of the Russian Academy of
Architecture and Construction Sciences, PhD, Professor, Кайтуков Таймураз Батразович, советник РААСН,
Chief Scientific Secretary of Russian Academy of Archi- кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры
tecture and Construction Sciences; StaDyO Research & прикладной математики Национального исследова-
Engineering Center; Department of Applied Mathematics, тельского Московского государственного строитель-
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering; 24, Ul. ного университета, заместитель главного ученого сек-
Bolshaya Dmitrovka, 107031, Moscow, Russia; phone ретаря Российской академии архитектуры и строи-
+7(495) 625-71-63; fax: +7 (495) 650-27-31; тельных наук; Россия, 129337, г. Москва, Ярославское
E-mail: akimov@raasn.ru, pavel.akimov@gmail.com. шоссе, д. 26; тел/факс: +7 (499) 183-59-94;
e-mail: tkaytukov@gmail.com.