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Vol. 9, NO. 26
1961, The Conclusion of
Berlin Crisis
Posted on 10. Nov, 1961 by Robert Macneice
After the five months of intense
Berlin crisis, it finally comes to a
conclusion. This conflict of the Berlin
division between the Soviet Union and
the United State was from the
disagreement on the power expansion.
Both of the two major powers want
to take over Berlin, the only way for
immigration from East Germany to
West Germany. In the end, the Berlin
Wall was built by East Germany to
stop the immigration.
The Berlin Crisis started around June 4
which was caused by the 2 major
powers, the United States (U.S.) and the
Soviet Union (USSR). Both the United
States and the Soviet Union wanted to
expand their power in Europe and take
over the city in Germany, Berlin. The
main cause of this crisis is U.S.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower refused
the Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev’s
demand the United States to set Berlin
free. It was because there were no
guaranteed that the Soviet Union will
not take over the free West Berlin.
The Soviet Union keep asking about
Berlin agreement. They said that within
December if the United States didn’t
agree with them, they will sign a
separate treaty with East Germany. In
August 1961, the Eastern government of
Germany (who was controlled by the
Soviet Union) built the wall between
the Eastern and the Western part of
Berlin with the support of the Soviet
Union. The Berlin wall, one of the signs
of this crisis and a cold war, was
built with the purpose of close the
only way of immigrating from East
Germany to the West Germany. There
are many people argue on the Berlin
wall by many are predicting that the
Berlin wall will be destroyed in a few
years later. Because of this wall, many
people were died and separated from
their relatives same as the example of
Barb Dignan who told the story about
his neighbours, “As time went on,
neighbours told us they thought their
loved ones behind the wall were lost
to them for good … I’m sure some of
those ‘lost’ relations died over that
period. That night is etched in
my permanent memory.” Nowadays,
there was no fight between the united
States and the Soviet Union. it is
because, after Khrushchev got out of
being Premier, there was none treaty
PiG Egg
news
Sunday, December 31 st, 1961 Szeged, Hungary
1961 conflicts!
between Eastern Germany and the Soviet Union which this can gain
South was in the United States side.
The United States joined this war
trust from the United States and increase the understanding between
the United States and the Soviet Union. To be more precise, they divide
because of they afraid that if
Indochina lost the war and become
up the power by taking care each part of their concurred by the
communist, other countries in Asia may
Soviet Union take care of the Eastern part of Europe and the Eastern
be got it too follow the Domino
part of Berlin while the United Stated control all the Western part.
Theory. Due to that reason, the United
From all of these, Thais are happy and feel relieved that there are no
Staes chose to help the South Vietnam
more conflicts. But, in the same time, some Thais afraid and worry
fight against North communist Vietnam.
whether the Soviet Union will move to Asia and take over them or
The United States sent the huge
not.
amount of weapons and soldiers into
berlin crisis, 1961 Vietnam since the U.S. President Dwight
D. Eisenhower till now. Right Now, the
This is the picture in the berlin war is more strength because of the
crisis which is the fight spies that came into South Vietnam.
between the forces of the Together with the invasion that is
United Stated and the union harder of the Viet Cong, using the
soviet that were sent in Berlin. guerrilla and regular army units, South
Vietnam ask more support from the
United States and their allies.The
United States gives the training to the
South Vietnamese Military and other
security force. But the help was
irregularly due to the debate within
the Kennedy Administration by Kennedy
decided to against ground soldiers.
Therefore, CIA (Central Intelligence
Berlin wall
Agencies) lend the hand to help to
The picture of berlin wall which have the soldier from the support the forces. From this conflict,
east Germany control in order to prevent the immigrating there was much loss. Based on the
of people from east germany current situation, North Vietnam may
win the war and all Vietnam will
references (Berlin Crisis): become united again. It is because the
Encyclopædia Britannica. (2016, March 17). Berlin crisis of 1961. Retrieved from help from the United States was now
https://www.britannica.com/event/Berlin-crisis-of-1961 irregularly due to the debate within
Guardian readers. (2014, November 7). Berlin Wall – readers' memories: 'It's hard to the Kennedy Administration which
remember how scary the Wall was’. Retrieved from
Kennedy decided to against ground
https://www.theguardian.com/cities/guardianwitness-blog/2014/nov/07/-sp-berlin-
wall-readers-memories-its-hard-to-remember-how-scary-the-wall-was soldiers. Along with the addition of the
Carnazzi, S. (2014, November 9). Berlin Wall (1961 – 1989): a photo per year. Retrieved armies from the Soviet Union, the
from https://www.lifegate.com/people/news/berlin-wall-photos chance of North Vietnam winning the
Dreamstime.com. (n.d.). Divided Berlin. Retrieved from fight increase. However, there were
https://www.google.co.th/search?
lots of damage in North Vietnam which
q=berlin+wall+map&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiRo8umtqrbAhUWbn0KHR1
nCboQ_AUICigB&biw=1278&bih=598&dpr=2#imgrc=Q-ftaQBYNQma3M: caused by the boomed from the United
States. As the evidence, Tran Van Van
said that “We were bombed so often,
The Escalation of Vietnam War and so many people died on the
Posted on 6. Oct, 1961 by Phan Minh Thi battlefield”. Since there was not yet
the conclusion of the Vietnam war,
The intensity of Vietnam War which begins since 1954 now rises up. The many people, also Thai, were worry
war seems to be more violent and no sign of the ending. Kennedy, the about the result and the effect. To be
current U.S. President, give hardly support for South Vietnam to fight more precise, there was no guarantee
against communist North Vietnam due to the hard invasion of North that their country will not concur or
communist Vietnam. attack by the Soviet Union in order to
expand the idea of communist. This can
After 1 year of the ending of Kore War, the Vietnam War began. In 1954, be said in another word that Thai
Vietnam was divided into two parts which were North and South people afraid of Domino Theory. Also,
Vietnam. It was because the Geneva Convention between the United due to the location of Vietnam that is
States, the Soviet Union, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia which states that located near Thailand, Thai government
there will be the election in Vietnam and people should gain more are now concerned about the safety. It
freedom was not been done which made Vietnamese unhappy. From this is because there are many weapons and
division, North Vietnam was concurred by the Soviet Union while the soldiers involved in this fight. From
this conflict, there were many people
death and loss. Even this did not end,
back to school special many people, both inside and outside of
Sold here Pinky pencil only 15 HUF
the country, discussed and agree on
how this 7 years long war will end.
 twenty
Forints
20
HUF
Vol. 9, NO. 27
This is when the united states sent the
air forces to support south vietnam to
fight against the communist north
vietnam in the vietnam war.
The map show the area of this war and
the movements during the war.
references (Vietnam war):
Coomes, P. (2015, July 9). North Vietnamese
veterans stories. Retrieved from
http://www.bbc.com/news/in-pictures-33408096
Rohn, A. (2013, April 20). Vietnam War Summary.
Retrieved from
https://thevietnamwar.info/vietnam-war-
summary/
Strachan, A. (2017, September 17). ’THE VIETNAM
WAR,' EPISODE 1: "DÉJÀ VU (1858-1961)”. Retrieved
from
http://www.tvworthwatching.com/post/The-
Vietnam-War-Episode-1-Deja-Vu-1858-1961.aspx
Burns, D. (1998). Map 19: Vietnam and Southeast
Asia. Retrieved from
http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/ftap/map19Vi
etnam.html
Big waves of change crash
into Thailand economic,
the First Economic Plan is
now used.
Posted on 2. Jan, 1961 by Thanarat Pongkeart
On January 1, 1961, Thai government
which leads by president Sarit
Thanarat promulgated the First
National Economic Development Plan in
Thailand. This shock many people
because the plan originated from the
Soviet Union who believed in
communism. The prime minister Sarit
Thanarat gave the interview to make
people entrust that Thailand will not
change to the communist country, the
government just only bring this plan
to develop Thai economic system.
Yesterday, among the confusion of
people, the government announced to
adopt or officially use the First
National Economic Development Plan in
Thailand. This 6-year plan that
emphasises infrastructure will be
used to develop the economy of
Thailand. The government said that
PiG Egg
news
Sunday, December 31 st, 1961 Szeged, Hungary
they will divide this economic development plan into 2 sections which At the beginning of 1961, the
each section will work for 3 years. This plan has aim to develop and “Gentleman’s Agreement”, the agreement
open Thailand to the free market by having the developing projects in between the United States and
many sections such as Agricultural Development Program and Thailand, had been signed. In this
Hydropower Development Project. After the news of using this plan treaty, it said that Thailand will help
was announced, there were many arguments on it. The reason came to support the United States and South
from the origin of the plan which is the Soviet Union, the first Vietnam to fight against communist
communist country in the world. Many people were unhappy with the North Vietnam in the Vietnam war. Due
plan itself and the president that adopt this plan. To prevent the to this agreement, Thailand had to
turbulence in the country, the president Sarit Thanarat came out and allow the forces of the United States
gave the interview in today morning. He refused all the worried of including the armies and the aircraft
people and confirmed that Thailand will not change into the to set in the country. During this,
communist. The government stated that this plan will just be used in there will also have the preparation
order to raise Thai people’s quality of life condition up. “Development and training of the armies for the
in the first two Plans aimed to promote economic growth through war or any emergency events that may
construction of infrastructures, such as construction of dams for happen. Right now, the forces of the
irrigation purposes and hydroelectric power as well as other public United States are gradually moving
utilities. There were also construction of roads for transportation of into Thailand after the advance party
goods, particularly agricultural products,” said Lamduan Pawakaranond. of the USAF 6010th Tactical (TAC) Group
Following the interview, the famous researchers and analysts of arrived at Don Muang in the early of
Thailand came up with the possible effects of this plan which can 1961. The reason why Thailand sign this
make people feel more relieved. They said that this plan will give the agreement is to protect themselves
advantages to Thailand. Even though Thailand might have to spend lots and want to support the capitalism
of money for this idea, but the result or the benefit from that fight against communism. Also, since
Thailand gain will be double, especially from the products of Thailand located near Vietnam, Thai’s
government afraid that if South
agriculture. The economy will become more stable and expand. In the
future, there may have the other development plans which will change Vietnam lost the war and the whole
the focus base on the situation of the economy for that year. Vietnam become communist, there may
Another change is that Thailand use the liberalism as the economic have the domino theory in Asia. From
system which still contain the idea of capitalism. that, Thailand cooperating with the
United States with many support from
Thai people. But still, this agreement
Based on the first Thailand might not a very good choice for
economic develop plan, the Thailand much. Based on what Martin
government start to create said, ”Thailand is, in effect, presently
the developing project such at war as an ally of the United States
as the Agriculture and that as the pace of that war
development program which increases, the risks to Thailand become
will focus on producing the greater”, it can be said that Thailand is
good quality products now one part of the cold war which
this will increase that risk of Thailand
to attack or invade by the Soviet
Union. Furthermore, this agreement
references (Thailand economic develop plan):
causes invasion in some parts of Thai
Pawakaranond, L. (1990, March). Economic Development and Structural change military and the changes in Thailand
under the Planning System In Thailand. Retrieved from such as the infrastructure and
http://www.esri.go.jp/jp/archive/dis/dis047/dis047a.pdf 7/38 facility. Also, there may be more
Sedbut, N. (n.d.). 1 January 1961. Retrieved from http://wiki.kpi.ac.th/index.php?
America’s company or some fan shine
title=1_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B8%9E.
%E0%B8%A8._2504
came into Thailand.
LafargeHolcim Foundation. (n.d.). Urban agriculture and factory conversion.
Retrieved from https://www.google.co.th/search?
biw=1278&bih=598&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=PBcNW8fSJtqw9QOBu5vABA&q=agriculture+project+in+
Thai&oq=agriculture+project+in+Thai&gs_l=img.3...103891.105567.0.105893.8.8.0.0.0.0.119.677.5j3.8.0....0.
..1c.1.64.img..0.2.162...0i19k1.0.nevo_-ZiLuM#imgrc=lBtrLLbhgwvL3M:
Gentleman's Agreement, What bring
Thailand into the Fire.
Posted on 29. Dec, 1961 by David Joyce The U.S. forces in thailand
references (Gentleman's agreement):
Since the beginning of this year, Thailand makes the “Gentleman’s
USAF Police Alumni. (n.d.). Thailand. Retrieved
Agreement” with the United States. This agreement is to support and
from https://www.usafpolice.org/thailand.html
allow the armies and air forces from the United States to set up in
Kislenko, A. (2004). A Not So Silent Partner:
Thailand for the Vietnam war. The reason for doing this agreement is Thailand's Role in Covert Operations, Counter-
to support the Capitalism and prevent the risk of Thailand to get Insurgency, and the Wars in Indochina.
Retrieved from
invaded from the communist country or the Soviet Union.
https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/jcs/article/v
iew/292/465
now available!! Thailand Aviation. (2010, May 25). USAF units in
Thailand during the Vietnam (American) War -
High fashion shoes by the Chenid A History Lesson. Retrieved from
http://thailandaviation.blogspot.com/2010/05/usaf
-units-in-thailand-during-vietnam.html