Final Exam Version p503-niner

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1. An archaeologist investigating the site of an ancient village finds a burial ground where
the amount of carbon-14 present in individual remains is between 61 and 70% of the
amount present in live individuals. Estimate the age of the village and the length of time
for which it survived if the half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years.

2. Use variation of parameters to find a particular solution of 𝑥 2 𝑦 ′′ + 𝑥𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 + 2 if

1 𝒙+𝒚 𝒙 𝒚
𝑦1 = 𝑥 and 𝑦2 = . Integration hint: = +
𝑥 𝒂 𝒂 𝒂
3. Use the Laplace transform to solve the initial value problem
𝑦 ′′ − 4𝑦 = 2𝑒 3𝑡 𝑦(0) = 1, 𝑦 ′ (0) = −1

4. Use the Runge-Kutta method to find approximate values for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) of the solution of the
given initial value problem
1+𝑥
𝑦′ =
1 − 𝑦2
𝑦(2) = 3; ℎ = 0.1
5. Find the general solution of the following system of differential equations, then explain
why we only use systems of 1st order differential equations instead of higher order
ones.
11 −25
𝑦′ = [ ]𝑦
4 −9