STORAGE TANK DESIGN CALCULATION - API 650

1 .0 DESIGN CODE & SPECIFICATION

DESIGN CODE : API 650 11th Edition
1 .1 TANK
Item number : TK-202
Roof ( Open/Close ) : Close
Type of roof ( Cone-roof / Dome-roof / Flat-roof / NA ) : Dome-roof
1 .2 GEOMETRIC DATA
Inside diameter , Di ( corroded ) (@ 63,700 mm ) = 63,702
Nominal diameter, Dn ( new ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 63,670
Nominal diameter, Dc ( corroded ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 63,731
Tank height (tan/tan), H = 34,000
Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Actual) = 1.000
Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Design) = 1.00
Geometry capacity , Vgeo. = 108361
Nominal capacity design , V = 80,000
Maximum design liquid level, HL = 30,000
2 .0 WIND LOAD CALCULATION (OVERTURNING STABILITY)
2 .1 WIND DESIGN CALCULATION
Internal design pressure, Pi ( @ 15.0 mbarg. ) = 0.0015
Insulation thickness, ti = 0
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 63,670
Tank height , Hs = 34,000
Roof slope, ß° = 30.00
Roof height, Hr (Rdome = 1.00 x Di) = 8,534.2
Height from tank bottom to shell centre, Ls = 17,000
Height from tank bottom to roof centre,Lr = 36,845
Min. depth of product (always present in tank) , Hw = 2000.0
Wind design speed = 132
= 36.80
Weight of tank,Wt (corroded condition) = 15,568 kg = 152,722
Weight of product (always present in tank) , Ww = 6,374,205 kg = 62,530,949
Weight of shell + top angle (corroded), W DL = 9,027 kg = 88,558
2 .2 WIND FORCE CALCULATION
As per API 650 clause 5.2.1(k), the wind pressure are as follows:-
Wind pressure on doubly curved surfaces, wr = 30.00 psf = 0.0014
Wind pressure on cylindrical surfaces, ws = 18.00 psf = 0.0009
Wind correction factor, kw (= V /190)² = 1.00
Projected area of roof, Ar = 0.5 Do Hr = 272,069,715
Projected area of shell, As = Do Hs = 2,167,840,000
Total wind load exerted on roof, Fr = wr.kw.Ar = 390,937
Total wind load exerted on shell, Fs = ws.kw.As = 1,868,980
Total wind moment on tank, Mw = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls = 46,176,606,341
2 .3 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST WIND LOADING
Wind Uplift Load

Internal Pressure Load

D/2

Wind load on H
shell, Fr
 H/2 Momment about
shell to bottom joint

Dead Load (WDL)

Liquid hold down weight (wa)

For tank to be structurally stable without anchorage, the following uplift criteria shall satisfy:
Criteria 1: 0.6 Mw + Mpi < MDL / 1.5
Criteria 2: Mw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL +MF) / 2
where:
Mpi = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure
= Uplift thrust on roof due to internal pressure x 1/2 tank diameter
= ( 1/4 p. D2. Pi ). 1/2. D = 152,039,241,514
Mw = Overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal
plus vertical wind pressure
= Total wind moment on tank, ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls ) = 46,176,606,341
MDL = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the weight of the
shell and the roof supported by the shell.
= 0.5. D. WDL = 2,819,237,977
Weight of roof = 0, Since it is floating on liquid
MF = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from liquid weight (wa) = 976,098,116,648
= (wa. p D). D
1000 2
wa = Weight of liquid = 59 tb Fby. H = 153,286.50
H= Design liquid height = 30.0
tb = Thickness of Bottom plate under the shell = 30
Fby = Minimum specified yeid stress of the bottom plate under the shell = 250
For Criteria 1:
0.6 Mw + Mpi = 179,745,205,318
MDL / 1.5 = 1,879,491,985
For Criteria 2:
Mw + 0.4 Mpi = 106,992,302,946
(MDL +MF) / 2 = 489,458,677,313
Since,
0.6 Mw+ Mpi > MDL/1.5, and
Mw+0.4 Mpi < 1/2 (MDL+ MF)
The tank anchorage is REQUIRED.
3 .0 SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION
3 .1 SEISMIC LOADS DESIGN
3 .1.1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Seismic peak ground acceleration, Sp (Refer. per TCVN 9386:2012) = 0.0472
Importance factor, I = 1.00
Site Class = D
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 63,731
Total height of tank shell, Ht = 34,000
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of shell, Xs = 17,000
Maximum design liquid level, H = 30,000
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of roof, Xr = 0.0
Design specific gravity of liquid, G = 1.0
Total weight of tank shell, Ws (@ 9,027 kg ) = 88,558
Total weight of structure tank roof, Wr (@ 1,931 kg ) = 18,942
Total weight of tank contents, Wp ( @ 80,000,000 kg ) = 784,800,000
Total weight of tank bottom, Wf (@ 2,424 kg ) = 23,780
 Note: The total weight of the tank roof will be added to the weight of tank content,
since the roof is floating on the liquid.
3 .1.2 DESIGN SPECTRAL RESPONSE ACCELERATIONS
Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai
I
Ai = Q x Fa x Ss x = 0.054
Rwi
Convective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac
When Tc ≤ TL:
Ts I
Ac = K x Q x Fv x S1 x ≤ Ai = -
Tc Rwc
When Tc > TL:
Ts .TL I
Ac = K x Q x Fv x S1 x ≤ Ai = 0.101
Tc 2
Rwc
Where:
Q = Scaling factor (For regions outside USA) = 1.0
K = Coefficient to adjust the spectral damping from 5% - 0.5% = 1.5
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient as per Table E-1 = 1.4
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient as per Table E-2 = 2.0
So = Substitution for seismic peak ground acceleration Sp = 0.4629
Rwi = Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode as per Table E-4 = 4.0
Rwc = Force reduction coefficient for convective mode as per Table E-4 = 2.0
TL = Regional dependent transition period for longer period = 4.0
ground motion
Tc = First mode sloshing wave period for convective mode = 8.57
Ts = Fv. S1/ Fa. Ss = 1.09
3 .1.3 CONVECTIVE (SLOSHING ) PERIOD
The first mode sloshing wave period,
T_c= 1.8×K_s×√D = 8.57
Where,
Ks = sloshing period coefficient
K_s= 0.578/√(tanh((3.68×H)/D) )
= 0.60

Fv . S1
Ts = = 1.09
Fa . Ss
Where,
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient (at 0.2 sec perios)
as per Table E-1 = 1.44
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient (at 1 sec. period) as per Table E-2 = 1.96
S1 = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response
acceleration parameter at the period of one second, %g
Ss = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response
acceleration parameter at shorts period of 0.2 second, %g
Refer. per TCVN 9386:2012
S1 = = 0.1193
Ss = = 0.1492
Since: Tc > TL , the convective spectral acceleration parameter Ac = 0.10
and the impulsive spectral acceleration parameter Ai = 0.05
3 .2 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST SEISMIC LOADING
3 .2.1 EFFECTIVE MASS OF TANK CONTENTS [E.6.1.1
Effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight,
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
 W_i= [tanh(0.866D/H)/(0.866D/H)] W_p
= 405,588,365.52

For D/H < 1.333,

W_i= [1−0.218 D/H] W_p
= -

Since D/H > 1.333 , Wi = 405,588,365.52

Effective convective weight,
W_c= 0.23 D/H tanh 〖 (3.67H/D) W_p 〗 = 359,977,074.05

3 .2.2 CENTER OF ACTION FOR EFFECTIVE LATERAL FORCES [E.6.1.2.2]

The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the impulsive liquid force for Slab moment,
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
X_is= 0.375[1+1.333((0.866 D/H)/tanh(0.866 D/H) −1)]H
= 25,271.0

For D/H < 1.333,

X_is= [0.5+0.06 D/H]H
= -

Since: D/H > 1.333 , Xis = 25,271.0

The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the convective liquid force for Slab moment,
X_cs= [1−cosh 〖 (3.67H/D)−1.937 〗 /(3.67H/D sinh(3.67H/D) )]H
= 23,847.37

3 .2.3 OVERTURNING MOMENT [E.6.1.5-2]

For Slab Moment, Ms:
M_s= √([A_i (W_i X_is+W_s X_s+W_r X_r )]^2+[A_c (W_c X_cs )]^2 )
= 1,027,086,005,731
3 .2.4 SHEAR FORCE [E.6.1-1]
The seismic base shear shall be defined as the SRSS combination of the impulsive and convective components.
V= √( 〖 V_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 V_c 〗 ^2 ) = 42,387,990

where, V_i=A_i (W_s+W_r+W_f+W_i ) = 21,793,355.31

V_c=A_c W_c = 36,356,448.44
mm
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m³
m³
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mm
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°
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km/hr
m/s
N
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mm²
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N
N
Nmm
Nmm

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N/m
m
mm
N/mm2

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s

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 N

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vective components.
N

N
N
Reference peak ground acceleration agR = 0.0442 g
Importance factor I = 1.00
Design ground acceleration ag = I x agR = 0.0442 g no
Ground type - D
Value of soil factor "S" as a function S = 1.35
Corner periods in the spectrum TB = 0.20 s
TC = 0.80 s
TD = 2.00 s
TE = 6.00 s
TF = 10.00 s
Viscous damping ratio (%) ξ 2.0 % 0.5 % 5.0 %
Damping correction factor η 1.195 1.348 1.000
Se(T) [m/s2]
T [s]
Impulsive Convective TCVN cm/s2
0.0 0.0597 0.0597 0.0597 5.97
0.1 0.1190 0.1304 0.1044 10.44
0.2 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.3 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.4 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.5 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.6 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.7 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.8 0.1783 0.2011 0.1492 14.92
0.9 0.1585 0.1788 0.1326 13.26
1.0 0.1426 0.1609 0.1193 11.93
1.1 0.1297 0.1463 0.1085 10.85
1.2 0.1189 0.1341 0.0995 9.95
1.3 0.1097 0.1238 0.0918 9.18
1.4 0.1019 0.1149 0.0852 8.52
1.5 0.0951 0.1073 0.0796 7.96
1.6 0.0891 0.1006 0.0746 7.46
1.7 0.0839 0.0947 0.0702 7.02
1.8 0.0792 0.0894 0.0663 6.63
1.9 0.0751 0.0847 0.0628 6.28
2.0 0.0713 0.0805 0.0597 5.97
2.1 0.0647 0.0730 0.0541 5.41
2.2 0.0589 0.0665 0.0493 4.93
2.3 0.0539 0.0608 0.0451 4.51
2.4 0.0495 0.0559 0.0414 4.14
2.5 0.0456 0.0515 0.0382 3.82
2.6 0.0422 0.0476 0.0353 3.53
2.7 0.0391 0.0441 0.0327 3.27
2.8 0.0364 0.0411 0.0304 3.04
2.9 0.0339 0.0383 0.0284 2.84
3.0 0.0317 0.0358 0.0265 2.65
3.1 0.0297 0.0335 0.0248 2.48
3.2 0.0279 0.0314 0.0233 2.33
3.3 0.0262 0.0296 0.0219 2.19
3.4 0.0247 0.0278 0.0206 2.06
3.5 0.0233 0.0263 0.0195 1.95
3.6 0.0220 0.0248 0.0184 1.84
3.7 0.0208 0.0235 0.0174 1.74
3.8 0.0198 0.0223 0.0165 1.65
3.9 0.0188 0.0212 0.0157 1.57
4.0 0.0178 0.0201 0.0149 1.49
4.1 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.2 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.3 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.4 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.5 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.6 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.7 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.8 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
4.9 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.0 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.1 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.2 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.3 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.4 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.5 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.6 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.7 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.8 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
5.9 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
6.0 0.0072 0.0082 0.0060 0.60
6.1 0.0070 0.0079 0.0059 0.59
6.2 0.0069 0.0078 0.0058 0.58
6.3 0.0068 0.0076 0.0057 0.57
6.4 0.0067 0.0075 0.0056 0.56
6.5 0.0065 0.0073 0.0055 0.55
6.6 0.0064 0.0072 0.0054 0.54
6.7 0.0063 0.0071 0.0053 0.53
6.8 0.0062 0.0069 0.0053 0.53
6.9 0.0061 0.0068 0.0052 0.52
7.0 0.0059 0.0066 0.0051 0.51
7.1 0.0058 0.0065 0.0050 0.50
7.2 0.0057 0.0063 0.0049 0.49
7.3 0.0056 0.0062 0.0048 0.48
7.4 0.0055 0.0061 0.0047 0.47
7.5 0.0054 0.0059 0.0046 0.46
7.6 0.0052 0.0058 0.0045 0.45
7.7 0.0051 0.0056 0.0044 0.44
7.8 0.0050 0.0055 0.0044 0.44
7.9 0.0049 0.0054 0.0043 0.43
8.0 0.0048 0.0052 0.0042 0.42

Chart Title
20.00
15.00
10.00
 8.1 0.0046 0.0051 0.0041 0.41
8.2 0.0045 0.0049 0.0040 0.40
8.3 0.0044 0.0048 0.0039 0.39
8.4 0.0043 0.0047 0.0038 0.38
8.5 0.0042 0.0045 0.0037 0.37
8.6 0.0040 0.0044 0.0036 0.36
8.7 0.0039 0.0042 0.0036 0.36
8.8 0.0038 0.0041 0.0035 0.35
8.9 0.0037 0.0039 0.0034 0.34
9.0 0.0036 0.0038 0.0033 0.33
9.1 0.0035 0.0037 0.0032 0.32
9.2 0.0033 0.0035 0.0031 0.31
9.3 0.0032 0.0034 0.0030 0.30
9.4 0.0031 0.0032 0.0029 0.29
9.5 0.0030 0.0031 0.0028 0.28
9.6 0.0029 0.0030 0.0027 0.27
9.7 0.0027 0.0028 0.0027 0.27
9.8 0.0026 0.0027 0.0026 0.26
9.9 0.0025 0.0025 0.0025 0.25
10.0 0.0024 0.0024 0.0024 0.24

Chart Title
0.30

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0

-0.05

TCVN Impul s i ve Convective

 STORAGE TANK DESIGN CALCULATION - API 620
1 .0 DESIGN CODE & SPECIFICATION
DESIGN CODE : API 650 11th Edition
1 .1 TANK
Item number : TK-202
Roof ( Open/Close ) : Close
Type of roof ( Cone-roof / Dome-roof / Flat-roof / NA ) : empty
1 .2 GEOMETRIC DATA
Inside diameter , Di ( corroded ) (@ 61,200 mm ) = 61,200
Nominal diameter, Dn ( new ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 61,174
Nominal diameter, Dc ( corroded ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 61,226
Tank height (tan/tan), H = 33,000
Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Actual) = 0.485
Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Design) = 0.485
Geometry capacity , Vgeo. = 97075
Nominal capacity design , V = 87,500
Maximum design liquid level, HL = 32,500
2 .0 WIND LOAD CALCULATION (OVERTURNING STABILITY)
2 .1 WIND DESIGN CALCULATION
Internal design pressure, Pi ( @ 290.0 mbarg. ) = 0.029
Insulation thickness, ti = 0
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 61,174
Tank height , Hs = 33,000
Roof slope, ß° = 0.00
Roof height, Hr = 0.0
Height from tank bottom to shell centre, Ls = 16,500
Height from tank bottom to roof centre,Lr = 33,000
Min. depth of product (always present in tank) , Hw = 32500
Wind design speed = 0
Weight of the roof plate plus any attached = 0.00
structural,DLR= 137,285 kg = 1,346,766
Weight of product (always present in tank) , Ww = 46,367,943 kg = 454,869,516
Weight of shell + top angle (corroded), W DL = 2,025,769 kg = 19,872,796
2 .2 WIND FORCE CALCULATION
As per API 650 clause 5.2.1(k), the wind pressure are as follows:-
Wind pressure on conical surfaces, wr = 30.00 psf = 0.0014
Wind pressure on cylindrical surfaces, ws = 18.00 psf = 0.0009
Wind correction factor, kw (= V /190)² = 0.00
Projected area of roof, Ar = 0.5 Do Hr = 0
Projected area of shell, As = Do Hs = 2,021,316,000
Total wind load exerted on roof, Fr = wr.kw.Ar = 0
Total wind load exerted on shell, Fs = ws.kw.As = 0
Total wind moment on tank, Mw = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls = 0
2 .3 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST WIND LOADING
Wind Uplift Load

Internal Pressure Load

D/2

Wind load on H
shell, Fr
 H/2 Momment about
shell to bottom joint

Dead Load (WDL)

Liquid hold down weight (wa)

For tank to be structurally stable without anchorage, the following uplift criteria shall 5.11 Api 650
Criteria 1: 0.6 Mw + Mpi < M DL
/ 1.5 + M DLR

Criteria 2: Mw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL +MF) / 2 + MDLR

where:
Mpi = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure
= Uplift thrust on roof due to internal pressure x 1/2 tank diameter
= ( 1/4 p. D2. Pi ). 1/2. D = 2,607,104,983,880
Mw = Overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal
plus vertical wind pressure
= Total wind moment on tank, ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls ) = 0
MDL = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the weight of the
shell and the roof supported by the shell.
= 0.5. D. WDL = 607,849,212,726
MDLR is the moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the nominal weight
of the roof plate plus any attached
structural;
= WLR .(0.5Hr + H) = 44,443,273,050
MF = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from liquid weight (wa)
= (wa. p D). D = 812,813,071,005
1000 2
wa = Weight of liquid = 59 tb Fby. H = 138,272.89
H= Design liquid height = 32.5
tb = Thickness of Bottom plate under the shell = 26
Fby = Minimum specified yeid stress of the bottom plate under the shell = 250
For Criteria 1:
0.6 Mw + Mpi = 2,607,104,983,880
MDL / 1.5 +MDLR = 449,676,081,534
For Criteria 2:
Mw + 0.4 Mpi = 1,042,841,993,552
(MDL +MF) / 2 +MDLR = 754,774,414,916
Since,
0.6 Mw+ Mpi > MDL/1.5 +MDLR
Mw+0.4 Mpi > 1/2 (MDL+ MF) +MDLR
The tank anchorage is REQUIRED.
3 .0 SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION
3 .1 SEISMIC LOADS DESIGN
3 .1.1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Seismic peak ground acceleration, Sp (Refer. per TCVN 9386:2012) = 0.0442
Seismic use Group E5.1.2 I
Importance factor, I = 1.00
Site Class = D
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 61,226
Total height of tank shell, Ht = 33,000
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of shell, Xs = 16,500
Maximum design liquid level, H = 32,500
Ht.from bottom shell to COG of roof, Xr = 33,000
Design specific gravity of liquid, G = 0.485
Total weight of tank shell, Ws ( @ 2,025,769 kg ) = 19,866,010
Total weight of structure tank roof, Wr (@ 137,285 kg ) = 1,346,306
 Total weight of tank contents, Wp ( @ 42,437,500 kg ) = 416,169,709
Total weight of tank bottom, Wf (@ 131,635 kg ) = 1,290,899
Note: The total weight of the tank roof will be added to the weight of tank content,
since the roof is floating on the liquid.
3 .1.2 DESIGN SPECTRAL RESPONSE ACCELERATIONS
Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai
I
Ai = SDS x = 0.102
Rwi
Convective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac
When Tc ≤ TL:
K x SD1 x 1 I
Ac = = -
Tc Rwc
When Tc > TL:
TL I
Ac = K x SD1 x ≤ Ai = 0.0140
Tc 2
Rwc
Where:
Q= Scaling factor (For regions outside USA) = 1.0
K= Coefficient to adjust the spectral damping from 5% - 0.5% = 1.5
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient as per Table E-1 = 1.1
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient as per Table E-2 = 1.5
So = Substitution for seismic peak ground acceleration Sp = 0.0442
SDS = 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter = 0.1783
at short periods (T = 0.2 seconds)
SD1 = 5% damped, spectral response acceleration parameter = 0.1609
at one seconds
Rwi = Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode as per Table E-4 = 1.75
Rwc = Force reduction coefficient for convective mode as per Table E-4 = 1.00
TL = Regional dependent transition period for longer period = 4.0
ground motion
Tc = First mode sloshing wave period for convective mode = 8.31
Ts = Fv. S1/ Fa. Ss = 1.09
3 .1.3 CONVECTIVE (SLOSHING ) PERIOD
The first mode sloshing wave period,
T_c= 1.8×K_s×√D = 8.31
Where,
Ks = sloshing period coefficient
K_s= 0.578/√(tanh((3.68×H)/D) )
= 0.59

Fv . S1
Ts = = 1.09
Fa . Ss
Where,
Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient (at 0.2 sec perios)
as per Table E-1 = 1.10
Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient (at 1 sec. period) as per Table E-2 = 1.50
S1 = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response
acceleration parameter at the period of one second, %g
Ss = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral response
acceleration parameter at shorts period of 0.2 second, %g
Refer. per TCVN 9386:2012
S1 = = 0.0884
Ss = 2.50 x Sp = 0.1105
Since: Tc > TL , the convective spectral acceleration parameter Ac = 0.014
and the impulsive spectral acceleration parameter Ai = 0.102
 3 .2 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST SEISMIC LOADING
3 .2.1 EFFECTIVE MASS OF TANK CONTENTS [E.6.1.1]
Effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight,
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
W_i= [tanh(0.866D/H)/(0.866D/H)] W_p
= 236,284,795.93

For D/H < 1.333,

W_i= [1−0.218 D/H] W_p
= -

Since D/H > 1.333 , Wi = 236,284,795.93

Effective convective weight,
W_c= 0.23 D/H tanh 〖 (3.67H/D) W_p 〗 = 173,141,000.89

3 .2.2 CENTER OF ACTION FOR EFFECTIVE LATERAL FORCES [E.6.1.2.2]

a. The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the impulsive liquid force for Slab moment,
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
X_is= 0.375[1+1.333((0.866 D/H)/tanh(0.866 D/H) −1)]H
= 24,555.6

For D/H < 1.333,

X_is= [0.5+0.06 D/H]H
= -

Since: D/H > 1.333 , Xis = 24,555.6

The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the convective liquid force for Slab moment,
X_cs= [1−cosh 〖 (3.67H/D)−1.937 〗 /(3.67H/D sinh(3.67H/D) )]H
= 24,528.70

b. The heights from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces applied to Wi and Wc
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
X_i= 0.375×H = 12,187.50
For D/H < 1.333,
X_i= [0.5+0.094 D/H]H
= -

Since: D/H > 1.333 , Xi = 12,187.5

The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
seismic forces related to the convective liquid force for Slab moment,
X_c= [1−cosh 〖 (3.67H/D)−1 〗 /(3.67H/D sinh(3.67H/D) )]H
= 19,979.85

c. Insulation of shell
Effective weight of insulation acting on the tank shell for lateral seism Wns = 64,743,512.20
Height from the bottom of the shell to the center of action for the insXns = 16,500
With: Density insulation = 400
3 .2.3 OVERTURNING MOMENT [E.6.1.5-2]
For Slab Moment, Ms:
M_s= √([A_i (W_i X_is+W_s X_s+W_r X_r+𝑊𝑛𝑠𝑋𝑛𝑠)]^2+[A_c (W_c X_cs )]^2=) 740,300,254,796

M_rw= √([A_i (W_i X_i+W_s X_s+W_r X_r+𝑊𝑛𝑠𝑋𝑛𝑠)]^2+[A_c

(W_c X_c )]^2 ) = 442,817,174,257
 M_rw= √([A_i (W_i X_i+W_s X_s+W_r X_r+𝑊𝑛𝑠𝑋𝑛𝑠)]^2+[A_c
(W_c X_c )]^2 )
3 .2.4 SHEAR FORCE [E.6.1-1]
The seismic base shear shall be defined as the SRSS combination of the impulsive and convective components.
V = √( 〖 V_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 V_c 〗 ^2 ) = 33,051,847

where, V_i= A_i (W_s+W_r+W_f+W_i+𝑊𝑛𝑠) = 32,962,912.67

V_c= A_c W_c = 2,423,007.91
3 .3 RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNI Eppendix E.6.2.1.1 Api 650
3 .3.1. ANCHORAGE RATIO, J
Bottom/Annular plate thickness , ta = 12.00
Thickness of bottom shell course, ts = 26.00
Min. specified yield strength of bottom annulus, Fy SA-5553 type 1 (5%Ni) = 586.0
Min. specified yield strength of bottom shell course, Fty = 586.0

Anchorage Ratio, J
J=Mrw/(D^2×(Wt×(1−0,4Av)+Wa))
= 0.595

where,
Av = Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient = 0.3902
Wt = Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell = 110.33
wa = Resisting force of the annulus = 105.69
Weight of tank shell and portion of roof supported by the shell,
Ws
Wt = + wrs = 110.33
pi(). D

wrs = Roof load acting on the shell, including 10% of specified = 7.00
snow load. ( Zero for floating roof)

The resisting force of the annulus,

wa = 99 ta Fy. H. Ge ≤ 196. H. D. Ge = 105,691

wa < 196.H.D.Ge = 162,084,061,932

Ge = Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effect

= G. (1 - 0.4 Av) = 0.4092930908
Since the anchorage ratio, J < 0.785, satisfactory
3 .3.2. SHELL COMPRESSION
Mechanical-anchored
Maximum longitudinal shell compression,
σc= (Wt×(1+0,4Av)+(1,273×Mrw)/D^2 )/ts
= 10.69

3 .3.3. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SHELL COMPRES(E6.2.2.3)

A= GHD^2/ts^2 = 87.4

For GHD²/(ts²) < 44 m³/mm²,

83.ts
Fc = + 7.5{G.H}½
2.5D = -

For GHD²/(ts²) ³ 44 m³/mm²,

83.ts = 35.25
Fc =
D
 Therefore, Fa ( < 0.5Fty ) = 35.25

Since sc < Fc, therefore the tank is structurally stable.

3 .4. DYNAMIC LIQUID HOOP FO (E.6.1.4-1,2 Api 650)

D/H = 1.86
0.75D = 45.92 m
For D/H >= 1.333
Ni=8,48.Ai.G.D.H.(Y/H− 〖 0,5.(Y/H) 〗 ^2 ).tanh((0,866.D)/H)

For D/H < 1.333, Y <= 0.75D

Ni=5,22.Ai.G.𝐷^2 (Y/(0,75.D)− 〖 0,5.(Y/(0,75.D)) 〗 ^2 )

For D/H < 1.333, Y > 0.75D

Ni = 2,6.Ai.G.D2

Whera:
Ni Impulsive hoop membrane force in tank shell, N/mm
Y Distance from liquid surface to analysis point, m

Nc Convective hoop membrane force in tank shell, N/mm

𝑁�= (1,85.𝐴�.𝐺.𝐷^2.�𝑜𝑠ℎ((3,68.(𝐻−𝑌))/𝐷))/(cosh((3,68.𝐻)/𝐷 ))

With: G= 0.485 Tons/M3

Ac = 0.014 %g
Nh Product hydrostatic membrane force, N/mm
Nh = 4,9.D.G.(Y-0,3)
σT = Tổ hợp áp lực tác dụng lên thành bể
��=(𝑁ℎ±√( 〖𝑁𝑖〗 ^2+ 〖𝑁�〗 ^2+((𝐴�.𝑁ℎ)/2,5)^2 ))/�

t Thickness shell

Course Chiều dày Y Ni Nc Nh σT

No. Course thiết kế m N/mm N/mm N/mm Mpa
1 3.00 26.00 35.40 388.52 12.84 5107.2 162.32
2 3.00 24.00 32.40 390.45 12.72 4670.7 178.33
3 3.00 22.00 29.40 385.94 13.01 4234.2 174.91
4 3.00 20.00 26.40 374.96 13.73 3797.6 171.12
5 3.00 18.00 23.40 357.53 14.89 3361.1 166.85
6 3.00 16.00 20.40 333.64 16.54 2924.6 161.91
7 3.00 14.00 17.40 303.30 18.72 2488.1 156.02
8 3.00 12.00 14.40 266.50 21.52 2051.6 148.69
9 3.00 10.00 11.40 223.25 25.02 1615.1 139.04
10 3.00 10.00 8.40 173.54 29.33 1178.6 100.26
11 3.00 10.00 5.40 117.37 34.60 742.1 61.97
12
13
14
15
H 33.00
σT max = 178.33
 Allowable Yeild stress shell σs = 250.0
Since: σT m < σs satisfactory

3 .5. FREEBOARD
Sloshing wave height above the product design height,
d_max = Ac×D/2g
(Ero code) = 428.2

Or
dmax = 0.42*D*Af (API 650) 296.5

where:
For SUG I and II,
When Tc ≤ 4
1 Ts = 0.024
Af = K. SD1. I. = 2.5 K Q Fa So I
Tc Tc

When Tc > 4
4 4Ts = 0.012
Af = K. SD1. I. = 2.5 K Q Fa So I
Tc 2 Tc 2

For SUG III

When Tc ≤ TL
1 Ts = -
Af = K. SD1 = 2.5 K Q Fa So
Tc Tc

When Tc > TL
TL Ts. TL = -
Af = K. SD1 = 2.5 K Q Fa So
Tc 2 Tc 2

Since SUG is I and Tc>4 , Af = 0.012

For SDS = 0.1783 g < 0.33g,

Minimum required freeboard, dreq. ( as per Table E-7) = 207.6
mm
mm
mm
mm

m³
m³
mm

N/mm²
mm
mm
mm
°
mm
mm
mm
mm
km/hr
m/s
N
N
N

N/mm²
N/mm²

mm²
mm²
N
N
Nmm
Nmm

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm

N/m
m
mm
N/mm2

Nmm
Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

N
N
N
N

g
g

s
s

g
g
g
g
N

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

N
mm
kg/m3

Nmm

Nmm
nvective components.
N

N
N

mm
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2

N/mm
N/mm

N/mm

N/mm

N/m

N/mm

m3/mm2

N/mm²

N/mm²
N/mm²

Mpa
Mpa

mm

mm

mm
 Seismic Analysis of Liquid Storage Tanks
1. Seismic design parameters
Reference peak ground acceleration (Appe. H of TCVN : 9386-2012) agR
Importance factor I
Design ground acceleration on type A ground ag =
Acceleration due to gravity g
Ground type
Value of soil factor "S" as a function of Site Class: D S
Corner periods in the spectrum TB
TC
TD
TE
TF
Horizontal elastic response spectrum:

0.3000
Elastic design r
0.2750
0.2500
0.2250
0.2000
0.1750
0.1500
0.1250
0.1000
0.0750
0.0500
0.0250
0.0000
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

Impul si ve (ξ=2.0%

Where: η = (10/(5+ξ))^0.5 >=0.55; η = 1 for 5% damping

2. Weight Calculations
Inside diameter D
Height of top tank H
Depth of liquid h
Equivalent thickness of tank wall tes
Base plate thickness tb
Liquid of specific gravity ρ
Weight of tank wall Ww
Weight of base plate Wb
Weight of roof Wr
Weight of liquid Wlq
Mass of tank wall mw
Mass of base slab / plate mb
 Mass of roof mr
Mass of liquid in tank m
3. Parameters of Spring Mass Model
Ratio height of liquid and Inside diameter h/D
Refer to table A.2 Eurocode 8 Part 4 for the following factor:
[mi/m]
[mc/m]
[hi/h]
[hc/h]
[hi*/h]
[hc*/h]
Since, Impulsive mass of liquid mi =
Similarly, Convective mass of liquid mc =
Height of imp. mass above bot. of tank wall (w/o considering base press.) hi =
Height of con. mass above bot.of tank wall (w/ot considering base press.) hc =
Height of imp. mass above bot. of tank wall (considering base press.) hi * =
Height of con. mass above bot. of tank wall (considering base press.) hc* =
4. Time Period Calcul.
4.1. Time period of impulsive mode
T_imp =C_i×(h×

Where:
Young’s modulus for steel E
Inside diameter of tank D
Equivalent thickness of tank wall t
Depth of liquid h
Mass density of liquid ρ
Coefficient of time period for impulsive mode Ci
4.2. Time period of convective mode,

Where:
Inside diameter of tank D
Acceleration due to gravity g
Coefficient of time period for convective mode Cc
5. Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient
Impulsive spectral acceleration with 2% damping ratio Se(Timp) x
0 <= Timp <=TB ; Se(Timp)
TB < Timp <=TC ; Se(Timp)
TC < Timp <=TD ; Se(Timp)
TD < Timp <=4s ; Se(Timp)
Where:
 viscous damping ratio (%) [4.1.3(1) refer EN1998-2:2005] ξimp
Damping correction factor ηimp =
Time period of impulsive mode Timp
Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode Rwi
Convective spectral acceleration with 0.5% damping ratio Se(Tcon) x
0 <= Tcon <=TB ; Se(Tcon)
TB < Tcon <=TC ; Se(Tcon)
TC < Tcon <=TD ; Se(Tcon)
TD < Tcon <=4s ; Se(Tcon)
4s < Tcon <=TE ; SDe(Tcon)
(Appe. A of TCVN : 9386-2012) TE < Tcon <=TF ; SDe(Tcon)
dg =
Where:
Viscous damping ratio (%) [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006] ξcon
Damping correction factor ηcon =
Time period of convective mode Tcon
Force reduction coefficient for convective mode Rwc
6. Base Shear [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006]
Base shear at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode V_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i+
Similarly, base shear in convective mode V_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c

Total base shear at the bottom of wall V =√( 〖 V_i 〗 ^

7. Moment at Bottom of Wall [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006]

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode
M_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i h_i+m_w h_w+m_r h_r )×g
Similarly, bending moment in convective mode
M_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c h_c
M =√( 〖 M_i 〗
Total bending moment at bottom of wall

Where:
Height of impulsive mass above bottom of tank wall hi
Height of center of gravity of wall mass above bottom of tank wall hw =
Height of center of gravity of roof mass above bottom of tank wall hr
Height of convective mass above bottom of tank wall hc
8. Overturning Moment
Overturning moment at the bottom of base plate, M* should be used to design the foundation
Overturning moment in impulsive mode
M_i^∗=S_e (T_imp)×[m_i (h_i^∗+t_b )+m_w (h_w+t_b )+m_r (h_r+t_b )+
Overturning moment in convective mode
M_c^∗ =S_e (T_con)×[m_c (h

M^∗ =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^

Total overturning moment at the bottom of base plate

9. Sloshing Height [A.2.1.4 refer EN1998-4:2006]

 d_max =0.84×S_e (T_con )×R
Maximum sloshing height

10. Anchorage Requirement

Here, Ratio height of liquid and Inside diameter h/D
and β =
Since, h/D <
iquid Storage Tanks
= 0.0442 g
= 1.25
I x agR = 0.0553 g
= 9.81 m/s2
- D
= 1.35
= 0.20 s
= 0.80 s
= 2.00 s
= 6.00 s
= 10.00 s

000
Elastic design response spectra
750
500
250
000
750
500
250
000
750
500
250
000
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0

Impul si ve (ξ=2.0%) Convective (ξ=0.5%)

= 61.13 m
= 33.00 m
= 32.50 m
= 0.0166 m
= 0.005 m
= 485 kg/m3
= 8263.8 kN
= 1152.8 kN
= 4456.0 kN
= 453674.6 kN
= 842673.1 kg
= 117550.8 kg
 = 454382.5 kg
= 46261932.7 kg

= 0.532

= 0.568
= 0.416
= 0.375
= 0.615
= 0.755
= 0.764
[mi/m] x m = 26296611.3 kg
[mc/m] x m = 19229369.2 kg
[hi/h] x h = 12.19 m
[hc/h] x h = 20.00 m
[hi*/h] x h = 24.53 m
[hc*/h] x h = 24.84 m

T_imp =C_i×(h×√ρ)/(√(t/D)×√E)
= 0.42 s

= 2.00E+11 N/m2
= 61.13 m
= 0.017 m
= 32.50 m
= 485 kg/m3
= 4.29

T_con =C_c×√(D/g)
= 8.34 s

= 61.13 m
= 9.81 m/s2
= 3.34 s/m^0.5

I/Rwi = 0.159 g
0 <= Timp <=TB ; Se(Timp) = -
TB < Timp <=TC ; Se(Timp) = 0.223 g
TC < Timp <=TD ; Se(Timp) = -
TD < Timp <=4s ; Se(Timp) = -
 = 2.0 %
[10/(5+ξ)]^0.5 = 1.195
= 0.42 s
= 1.75
I/Rwc = 0.007 g
0 <= Tcon <=TB ; Se(Tcon) = -
TB < Tcon <=TC ; Se(Tcon) = -
TC < Tcon <=TD ; Se(Tcon) = -
TD < Tcon <=4s ; Se(Tcon) = -
4s < Tcon <=TE ; SDe(Tcon) = -
TE < Tcon <=TF ; SDe(Tcon) = 0.006 g
SDe(Tcon) = -

= 0.5 %
[10/(5+ξ)]^0.5 = 1.348
= 8.34 s
= 1.00

V_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i+m_w+m_r ) = 43078.4 kN

V_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c = 1394.2 kN
V =√( 〖 V_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 V_c 〗 ^2 )= 43,101 kN

= 1423053.9 kN.m

M_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c h_c = 27887.9 kN.m

M =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 M_c 〗 ^2 )
= 1,423,327 kN.m

= 12.19 m
0.5 x H = 13.33 m
= 35.85 m
= 20.00 m

n the foundation

m_w (h_w+t_b )+m_r (h_r+t_b )+0.5m_b t_b ] = 1050021.3 kN.m

M_c^∗ =S_e (T_con)×[m_c (h_c^∗+t_b )] = 27894.9 kN.m

M^∗ =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^(∗2)+ 〖 M_c 〗 ^(∗2) )

= 1,050,392 kN.m
d_max =0.84×S_e (T_con )×R_i/g
= 0.190 m

= 0.53
1 / Se(Timp) = 6.28
β, => No anchorage is required.
 Seismic Analysis of Liquid Storage Tanks
1. Seismic design parameters
Reference peak ground acceleration (Appe. H of TCVN : 9386-2012) agR
Importance factor I
Design ground acceleration on type A ground ag =
Acceleration due to gravity g
Ground type
Value of soil factor "S" as a function of Site Class: D S
Corner periods in the spectrum TB
TC
TD
TE
TF
Horizontal elastic response spectrum:

0.3000
Elastic design r
0.2750
0.2500
0.2250
0.2000
0.1750
0.1500
0.1250
0.1000
0.0750
0.0500
0.0250
0.0000
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

Impul si ve (ξ=2.0%

Where: η = (10/(5+ξ))^0.5 >=0.55; η = 1 for 5% damping

2. Weight Calculations
Inside diameter D
Height of top tank H
Depth of liquid h
Equivalent thickness of tank wall tes
Base plate thickness tb
Liquid of specific gravity ρ
Weight of tank wall Ww
Weight of base plate Wb
Weight of roof Wr
Weight of liquid Wlq
Mass of tank wall mw
Mass of base slab / plate mb
 Mass of roof mr
Mass of liquid in tank m
3. Parameters of Spring Mass Model
Ratio height of liquid and Inside diameter h/D
Refer to table A.2 Eurocode 8 Part 4 for the following factor:
[mi/m]
[mc/m]
[hi/h]
[hc/h]
[hi*/h]
[hc*/h]
Since, Impulsive mass of liquid mi =
Similarly, Convective mass of liquid mc =
Height of imp. mass above bot. of tank wall (w/o considering base press.) hi =
Height of con. mass above bot.of tank wall (w/ot considering base press.) hc =
Height of imp. mass above bot. of tank wall (considering base press.) hi * =
Height of con. mass above bot. of tank wall (considering base press.) hc* =
4. Time Period Calcul.
4.1. Time period of impulsive mode
T_imp =C_i×(h×

Where:
Young’s modulus for steel E
Inside diameter of tank D
Equivalent thickness of tank wall t
Depth of liquid h
Mass density of liquid ρ
Coefficient of time period for impulsive mode Ci
4.2. Time period of convective mode,

Where:
Inside diameter of tank D
Acceleration due to gravity g
Coefficient of time period for convective mode Cc
5. Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient
Impulsive spectral acceleration with 2% damping ratio Se(Timp) x
0 <= Timp <=TB ; Se(Timp)
TB < Timp <=TC ; Se(Timp)
TC < Timp <=TD ; Se(Timp)
TD < Timp <=4s ; Se(Timp)
Where:
 viscous damping ratio (%) [4.1.3(1) refer EN1998-2:2005] ξimp
Damping correction factor ηimp =
Time period of impulsive mode Timp
Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode Rwi
Convective spectral acceleration with 0.5% damping ratio Se(Tcon) x
0 <= Tcon <=TB ; Se(Tcon)
TB < Tcon <=TC ; Se(Tcon)
TC < Tcon <=TD ; Se(Tcon)
TD < Tcon <=4s ; Se(Tcon)
4s < Tcon <=TE ; SDe(Tcon)
(Appe. A of TCVN : 9386-2012) TE < Tcon <=TF ; SDe(Tcon)
dg =
Where:
Viscous damping ratio (%) [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006] ξcon
Damping correction factor ηcon =
Time period of convective mode Tcon
Force reduction coefficient for convective mode Rwc
6. Base Shear [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006]
Base shear at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode V_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i+
Similarly, base shear in convective mode V_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c

Total base shear at the bottom of wall V =√( 〖 V_i 〗 ^

7. Moment at Bottom of Wall [A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006]

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode
M_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i h_i+m_w h_w+m_r h_r )×g
Similarly, bending moment in convective mode
M_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c h_c
M =√( 〖 M_i 〗
Total bending moment at bottom of wall

Where:
Height of impulsive mass above bottom of tank wall hi
Height of center of gravity of wall mass above bottom of tank wall hw =
Height of center of gravity of roof mass above bottom of tank wall hr
Height of convective mass above bottom of tank wall hc
8. Overturning Moment
Overturning moment at the bottom of base plate, M* should be used to design the foundation
Overturning moment in impulsive mode
M_i^∗=S_e (T_imp)×[m_i (h_i^∗+t_b )+m_w (h_w+t_b )+m_r (h_r+t_b )+
Overturning moment in convective mode
M_c^∗ =S_e (T_con)×[m_c (h

M^∗ =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^

Total overturning moment at the bottom of base plate

9. Sloshing Height [A.2.1.4 refer EN1998-4:2006]

 d_max =0.84×S_e (T_con )×R
Maximum sloshing height

10. Anchorage Requirement

Here, Ratio height of liquid and Inside diameter h/D
and β =
Since, h/D <
iquid Storage Tanks
= 0.0442 g
= 1.25
I x agR = 0.0553 g
= 9.81 m/s2
- D
= 1.35
= 0.20 s
= 0.80 s
= 2.00 s
= 6.00 s
= 10.00 s

000
Elastic design response spectra
750
500
250
000
750
500
250
000
750
500
250
000
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0

Impul si ve (ξ=2.0%) Convective (ξ=0.5%)

= 61.13 m
= 33.00 m
= 30.57 m
= 0.0166 m
= 0.005 m
= 485 kg/m3
= 8263.8 kN
= 1152.8 kN
= 4456.0 kN
= 426663.5 kN
= 842673.1 kg
= 117550.8 kg
 = 454382.5 kg
= 43507568.4 kg

= 0.500

= 0.542
= 0.437
= 0.375
= 0.605
= 0.797
= 0.784
[mi/m] x m = 23594863.7 kg
[mc/m] x m = 19028721.0 kg
[hi/h] x h = 11.46 m
[hc/h] x h = 18.51 m
[hi*/h] x h = 24.36 m
[hc*/h] x h = 23.97 m

T_imp =C_i×(h×√ρ)/(√(t/D)×√E)
= 0.40 s

= 2.00E+11 N/m2
= 61.13 m
= 0.017 m
= 30.57 m
= 485 kg/m3
= 4.33

T_con =C_c×√(D/g)
= 8.39 s

= 61.13 m
= 9.81 m/s2
= 3.36 s/m^0.5

I/Rwi = 0.159 g
0 <= Timp <=TB ; Se(Timp) = -
TB < Timp <=TC ; Se(Timp) = 0.223 g
TC < Timp <=TD ; Se(Timp) = -
TD < Timp <=4s ; Se(Timp) = -
 = 2.0 %
[10/(5+ξ)]^0.5 = 1.195
= 0.40 s
= 1.75
I/Rwc = 0.007 g
0 <= Tcon <=TB ; Se(Tcon) = -
TB < Tcon <=TC ; Se(Tcon) = -
TC < Tcon <=TD ; Se(Tcon) = -
TD < Tcon <=4s ; Se(Tcon) = -
4s < Tcon <=TE ; SDe(Tcon) = -
TE < Tcon <=TF ; SDe(Tcon) = 0.006 g
SDe(Tcon) = -

= 0.5 %
[10/(5+ξ)]^0.5 = 1.348
= 8.39 s
= 1.00

V_i =S_e (T_imp)×(m_i+m_w+m_r ) = 38860.5 kN

V_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c = 1361.5 kN
V =√( 〖 V_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 V_c 〗 ^2 )= 38,884 kN

= 1155145.8 kN.m

M_c =S_e (T_con)×m_c h_c = 25197.6 kN.m

M =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^2+ 〖 M_c 〗 ^2 )
= 1,155,421 kN.m

= 11.46 m
0.5 x H = 13.33 m
= 35.85 m
= 18.51 m

n the foundation

m_w (h_w+t_b )+m_r (h_r+t_b )+0.5m_b t_b ] = 940454.4 kN.m

M_c^∗ =S_e (T_con)×[m_c (h_c^∗+t_b )] = 25204.4 kN.m

M^∗ =√( 〖 M_i 〗 ^(∗2)+ 〖 M_c 〗 ^(∗2) )

= 940,792 kN.m
d_max =0.84×S_e (T_con )×R_i/g
= 0.187 m

= 0.50
1 / Se(Timp) = 6.28
β, => No anchorage is required.
 Đường kín bể D 61.13 m
Bán kínhbể R 30.57 m
θ 0.00 Độ
Chiều cao cột lỏng lớn nhất 32.50 m
Tỷ trọng ρ 485.00 Kg/m3
Gia tốc trọng trường g 9.81 m/s^2
Chiều dày trung bình t ttb 0.0166 m
Tỷ trọng của thép ρm 7,850.0 Kg/m3

y y y y
h=H H/R hi (m) hi* (m) hc (m) hc* (m) Ah =Se (TimpAh =Se (Tcom.
Av =Se (Tv) Qiw (hi) Qiw (hi*) Qcw (hc) Qcw (hc*)
Case-1: At base of w 32.50 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.007 0.089 0.80 0.80 0.16 0.80
9.17 0.30 3.44 25.32 4.70 33.60 0.14 0.00 0.089 0.74 -5.74 0.51 -10.76
12.23 0.40 4.58 24.95 6.37 27.24 0.16 0.00 0.089 0.74 -2.74 0.47 -3.43
15.28 0.50 5.73 24.61 8.14 24.04 0.16 0.00 0.089 0.74 -1.38 0.43 -1.27
18.34 0.60 6.88 24.34 10.00 22.50 0.16 0.01 0.089 0.74 -0.66 0.40 -0.43
21.40 0.70 8.02 24.17 11.97 21.98 0.16 0.01 0.089 0.73 -0.24 0.37 -0.05
24.45 0.80 9.17 24.12 14.04 22.17 0.16 0.01 0.089 0.72 0.02 0.34 0.15
27.51 0.90 10.32 24.18 16.22 22.87 0.16 0.01 0.089 0.71 0.19 0.31 0.26
30.57 1.00 11.46 24.36 18.51 23.97 0.16 0.01 0.089 0.70 0.30 0.29 0.31
32.50 1.06 12.19 24.53 20.00 24.84 0.16 0.007 0.089 0.69 0.35 0.28 0.33
Case-2: At y = hmax 32.50 1.06 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 0.16 0.007 0.089 0.000 0.00 0.56 0.00
 Piw Piw* Pcw Pcw* Pww Pv Pmaximum hydrodynamic
(KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar (KN/m2) mbar
19.73 197.30 19.73 197.30 0.22 2.24 1.15 11.49 0.20 2.03 13.78 137.80 24.23 242.34
4.65 46.49 -35.85 -358.48 0.37 3.66 -7.78 -77.80 0.18 1.83 2.43 24.30 5.42 54.21
6.89 68.86 -25.36 -253.60 0.34 3.41 -2.48 -24.79 0.20 2.03 3.24 32.40 7.80 78.03
8.59 85.94 -15.93 -159.35 0.39 3.89 -1.14 -11.40 0.20 2.03 4.05 40.50 9.69 96.93
10.27 102.69 -9.10 -91.04 0.44 4.37 -0.48 -4.76 0.20 2.03 4.86 48.60 11.55 115.54
11.89 118.86 -3.82 -38.24 0.45 4.50 -0.06 -0.58 0.20 2.03 5.67 56.70 13.36 133.60
13.42 134.20 0.42 4.22 0.44 4.45 0.20 1.97 0.20 2.03 6.48 64.80 15.09 150.92
14.85 148.53 3.93 39.26 0.43 4.32 0.35 3.52 0.20 2.03 7.29 72.90 16.73 167.34
16.18 161.77 6.87 68.68 0.42 4.16 0.44 4.43 0.20 2.03 8.10 81.00 18.28 182.78
16.96 169.56 8.49 84.95 0.41 4.07 0.48 4.78 0.20 2.03 8.61 86.12 19.20 192.03
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.81 8.06 0.00 0.00 0.20 2.03 0.00 0.00 0.83 8.31
Medium radius of the outer tank Dc
Height of the outer tank wall L
Thickness of the outer tank wall tc
Density of the wall ρc
Elastic modulus of the wall Ec
Poisson’s ratio of the wall νc
f_F=(0.2×D_c)/L^2 ×√(E_c/ρ_c )
Cantilevered flexural beam

f_S=1/(8×L×√(1+ν_c ))×√(E_c/ρ_
Cantilevered shear beam

f_R=1/(D_c×π×√(1−ν_c^2 ))×√(E_c
Series of independent ring

Considering only structural roof mass, assumption

that it acts as a cantilevered fl exural beam:
f_cF=1/2π×√(k_cF/m_d )

Where:
Total dome mass md
k_cF=3×π×(D_c/(2×L))^3×E_c 〖 ×
Stiffness kcF

Considering only structural roof mass, assumption that it acts as a cantilevered shear beam
f_cS=1/2π×√(k_cS/m_d )

Where:
k_cS=π/(4×(1+ν_c ) )×D_c/L×E_c
Stiffness kcS

The natural frequency of the outer tank

1/(f_ot^2 )=1/(f_F^2 )+1/(f_S^2 )+1/(f_R^2 )+(1/(f_cF
Eqs:

Hence,
Natural period of the outer tank
Convective spectral acceleration with 2% damping ratio
Where:
Viscous damping ratio (%)
Damping correction factor
fot
Tot =
Se(Tot) x
0 <= Tot <=TB ; Se(Tot)
TB < Tot <=TC ; Se(Tot)
TC < Tot <=TD ; Se(Tot)
TD < Tot <=4s ; Se(Tot)
4s < Tot <=TE ; Se(Tot)
(Appe. A of TCVN : 9386-2012) TE < Tot <=TF ; SDe(Tot)
dg =
[A.3.2.2.2 refer EN1998-4:2006] ξot
ηot =
Force reduction coefficient for convective mode Rwc
Importance factor I
 = 63.7 m
= 36.244 m
= 0.02 m
= 7850 kg/m3
= 2.00E+11 Pa
= 0.3
_F=(0.2×D_c)/L^2 ×√(E_c/ρ_c )
= 48.95 Hz

f_S=1/(8×L×√(1+ν_c ))×√(E_c/ρ_c )
= 15.27 Hz

_R=1/(D_c×π×√(1−ν_c^2 ))×√(E_c/ρ_c )
= 26.44 Hz

f_cF=1/2π×√(k_cF/m_d )
= 36.00 Hz

= 5.00E+05 kg
k_cF=3×π×(D_c/(2×L))^3×E_c 〖 ×t 〗 _c
= 2.56E+10 N/m

f_cS=1/2π×√(k_cS/m_d )
= 14.67 Hz

k_cS=π/(4×(1+ν_c ) )×D_c/L×E_c×t_c
= 4.25E+09 N/m

F^2 )+1/(f_S^2 )+1/(f_R^2 )+(1/(f_cF^2 ) " " +1/(f_cS^2 -2) " " )
= 0.012 Hz

= 9.30 Hz
= 0.108 s
I/Rwc = 0.193 g
<= Tot <=TB ; Se(Tot) = 0.154 g
< Tot <=TC ; Se(Tot) = -
< Tot <=TD ; Se(Tot) = -
D
< Tot <=4s ; Se(Tot) = -
s < Tot <=TE ; Se(Tot) = -
< Tot <=TF ; SDe(Tot) = -
SDe(Tot) = -

= 2.0 % Ai/Ac
[10/(5+ξ)]^0.5 = 1.20 1.891 Se(Ti)/Se(Tc)
= 1 211832181.9
= 1.25 21183 T
17 T
 ANCHOR BOLT TANK DESIGN CALCULATION - API 620
6. 0. TANK STABILITY AGAINST UPLIFT LOAD
Api 650 page: 147/514
The load per anchor shall be:
tb = U/N
D Nominal tank diameter = 63.7
P Design pressure 290 mbar = 29
Mw Wind moment = 49,923
Ms Seismic moment = 1,423,327
W1 Dead load of shell minus any corrosion allowance and any dead lo = 19,873
than roof plate acting on the shell minus any corrosion allowance.
W2 Dead load of shell minus any corrosion allowance and any dead lo = 26,711
including roof plate acting on the shell minus any corrosion allowance.
W3 Dead load of shell using as-built thicknesses and any dead load ot = 19,873
than roof plate acting on the shell using as-built thicknesses.
th Roof plate thickness (excluding corrosion) = 9.0
Material SA-553 TYP1 (9%Ni)
Fy Minimum specified yeild strength of the bolt = 586
tn Load per anchor, kN
U Net uplift load, kN
n Number of anchor bolts
Pf Failure pressure, 1.6P - 0.047tn ( Appendix F) = 46.0

Uplift load by design pressure

U1 = [(P - 0.08th)D2]-W1
Uplift load by test pressure
U2 = [(Pt - 0.08th)D2]-W1
Uplift load by wind load
U5 = 4Mw/D - W2
Uplift load by seismic load
U5 = 4Ms/D - W2
Uplift load by pressure + wind
U7 = [(P-0.08th)D2 ] +4Mw/D - W1
Uplift load by pressure + seismic
U8 = [(P-0.08th)D2 ] +4Ms/D - W1
Table 5.21a—Uplift Loads (SI)

Allowable
Load per anchor bolt Yeild Stress actual of
Uplift load case Net uplift, U ( k anchor stress tank (Mpa)
(kN) (Mpa)

Design pressure 94879 988.3 244 201.7

Test pressure 94879 988.3 326 201.7
Wind load -23576 468.8
Seismic load 62666 652.8 468.8 133.2
Design pressure +Wind 98014 1021.0 326 208.4
Design pressure +seismic 184256 1919.3 468.8 391.7

Chose plate With 175

Thickness 28
Area section 4900
Distance between 2 plate anchor 2.08
Number bolt min. 67=> 96
kN
m
kpa
KN.m
KN.m
KN

KN

KN

mm

N/mm2

Kpa

ok
ok

ok
ok
ok

mm
mm
mm2
m
EA.