Book Solution Introduction To Information Systems Chapters 1 5

Rainer, Information System, Third Canadian Edition Testbank
Chapter 1
Introduction to Information Systems
Question type: True/False
1) Managing the IS function within an organization is the exclusive responsibility of the IS

department in contemporary organizations.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Begin the process of becoming an informed user of your organization’s
information systems.
Section Reference: 1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?
Difficulty: Medium
2) An information system collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for
a specific purpose.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and give examples of
each.
Learning Objective: Define the terms information technology, information system, computer-
based information system, and application.
Section Reference: 1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems
Difficulty: Medium
3) Information technology relates to any computer-based tools that people use to work with
information and to support the information and information-processing needs of an
organization.
Answer: True
each.
Section Reference: Opening Case 1.1: Will Blackberry survive?
Difficulty: easy
4) IT is enabling more and more people to communicate, collaborate, and compete, thereby
leveling the digital playing field.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Identify three ways in which you depend on information technology in your
daily life.
Section Reference: Opening Case: Case 1.1: Will Blackberry survive?
Difficulty: Easy
5) An organization must be large to benefit from IT.
Answer: False
daily life.
Section Reference: Opening Case: Case 1.1: Will Blackberry survive?
Difficulty: Easy
6) An informed user of IT can enhance his or her organization’s competitive position.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Begin the process of becoming an informed user of your organization's
Difficulty: Easy
7) If you want to run a multinational company, you need to rent office space and hire at least
few employees.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
8) A systems analyst focuses on determining the information requirements and technical

specifications for new applications.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
9) An auditing manager focuses on the ethical and legal use of information systems and
evaluates the quality or effectiveness of such systems.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
10) The CIO of an organization supervises the day-to-day operations of the data and/or
computer centre.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
11) The Emerging Technologies Manager forecasts technology trends; evaluates and
experiments with new technologies.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
12) End-user computing has two components: end-user data entry, reporting, and inquiry
(commonly referred to as simply users); and end-user development, where users develop usable
systems, such as spreadsheets or programs using programming languages or other development
tools.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
13) Information technology and information systems are the same thing.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Medium
14) In general, informed users tend to get more value from whatever technologies they use.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
15) The grade point average (GPA) values of a class would be considered as information.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Medium
16) The grade point average (GPA) values coupled with appropriate student names of a class
would be considered as information.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
17) A university registrar who uses her experience with university admissions in reviewing the
applicant grades, application essays, and letters of recommendation, would be applying her
knowledge in your application process.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
18) A list of football scores with the names of the teams that played the games would be
considered information.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
19) The Information Systems functional area, a department of Information technology, deals
with the planning, development, management, and use of management information tools to
help people perform all the tasks related to information processing and management.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
20) A student’s decision to drop one course and add another would be considered a transaction
to the university’s information system but not to its accounting system.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
21) The Supply Chain Management system is an interorganizational information system.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
22) An Electronic Commerce (e-Commerce) system is an intraorganizational information system.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Medium
23) An organization’s supply chain starts at the supplier and ends at the customer.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
24) E-commerce systems are a type of interorganizational information systems.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
25) An organization’s IT infrastructure consists of the IT components and IT services.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
26) IT personnel use the IT infrastructure to develop information systems.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Medium
27) Meaningful knowledge is information and meaningful information is data.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Medium
28) Information is data that have been organized so that they have meaning to provide value to
the recipient.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
29) Knowledge is data that have been organized so that they have meaning to provide value to
the recipient.
Answer: False
each.
Difficulty: Easy
30) Knowledge is data and information that have been organized and processed to convey
understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise applied to a current problem.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Easy
31) Digital dashboards are special information systems that that support all managers of the
organization.
Answer: True
each.
Difficulty: Medium
32) IT only positively affects our quality of life.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Provide three ways in which information technology can impact managers
and three ways in which it can impact non-managerial workers.
Section 1.4: Importance of Information Systems to Society
Difficulty: Easy
Question Type: Multiple Choice
33) Which of the following is a benefit of being an informed user of IT?
a) Understanding what is “behind” applications you use in your organization

b) Providing input to enhance your organization’s applications
c) Helping to select new applications
d) Keeping abreast of new technologies
e) All of the above
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
34) You should seek to be an informed user of IT because ____________.
a) it is easy to understand how IT works

b) you could end up working in the IT department in your organization
c) everyone uses IT
d) you will be in a position to enhance the quality of IT applications
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
35) The title of the executive who is in charge of the people, who design and build information
systems, the people who use those systems, and the people responsible for managing those
systems is the
a) CEO
b) CFO
c) CIO
d) CIS
e) CIT
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
36) What does a systems analyst do?
a) Manages an IS service
b) Writes computer code.
c) Determines information requirements and technical specifications for new applications.
d) Forecasts technology trends
e) Creates Web sites and pages
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
37) An emerging technologies manager _____.
a) forecasts evaluates new technologies

b) manages data networks
c) manages the ethical and legal use of information systems
d) is responsible for strategic planning
e) creates the Web sites and pages
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
38) Which of the following statements concerning the complexity of management of

information resources is not true?
a) Information systems have an enormous strategic value within an organization and therefore
firms rely on them heavily.
b) Information systems are expensive to acquire, operate, and maintain.
c) Computers are decentralized throughout the organization, which makes it harder to manage.
d) Managing mainframes has become more difficult.
e) Managing information resources is divided between the MIS department and end users and
there is no standard way to divide responsibility between them.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
39) _________ is a traditional function of the MIS Department.
a) Managing system integration including the Internet, intranets, and extranets

b) Educating the non-MIS managers about IT
c) Providing technical services
d) Creating business alliances with business partners
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
40) Which of the following is the correct hierarchy from the lowest level to the highest level?
a) knowledge, information, data

b) information, data, knowledge
c) data, information, knowledge

d) data, experience, information
e) information, experience, wisdom
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Medium
41) _____ conveys understanding, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a
current problem.
a) Data
b) Information
c) Knowledge
d) Database
e) None of the above
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Easy
42) _____ is (are) data that have been organized to have meaning and value to a recipient.
a) Insights
b) Information
c) Knowledge
d) Experience
e) Wisdom
Answer: b
each.

Difficulty: Easy
43) Who manages all systems throughout the organization and the day-to-day operations of the
entire IS organization?
a) IS Director
b) Information center manager
c) Project Manager
d) Operations Manager
e) Programming manager
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
44) The Software Project Manager is responsible for:
a) strategic planning.
b) day-to-day operations of the entire organization.
c) manages IS services such as help desks, hot lines, training, and consulting.
d) manages a particular existing system.
e) manages a particular new systems development project.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
45) The list of all your purchases from Amazon (books bought, price paid, dates) is defined as
___________.
a) data
b) information
c) knowledge
d) experience
e) wisdom
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Easy
46) If Amazon uses a list of all your purchases (books bought, price paid, dates) to recommend
other books to you, then it is applying its _____.
a) data
b) information
c) knowledge
d) experience
e) wisdom
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Easy
47) A listing of all courses offered at your university would be considered _____, whereas a
listing of all courses required in your major would be considered _____.
a) information, data
b) knowledge, information
c) information, knowledge
d) data, information
e) data, knowledge
Answer: d
each.
Difficulty: Easy
48) You are registering for the next semester at your university. You take into account your
major, the courses you need, the prerequisites for each course, the times you take each course,
and the professors teaching each section, as well as your work schedule. You are using _____ to
select your class schedule.
a) information
b) knowledge
c) experience
d) wisdom
e) data
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Medium
49) A purchase of books in the college bookstore is ___________. The report at the end of the
day showing sales totals for the day is ____________.
a) information, knowledge
b) information, data
c) data, information
d) data, database
e) data item, business intelligence
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Medium
50) You have just been hired by the largest manufacturer in your area to join their management
trainee program. You enjoyed your “computer course” in college and hope that you’ll be able to
put that knowledge to good use. Which of the following might you expect to do during the
management training program?
a) Code a new application

b) Recommend new technologies that might impact the organization
c) Design a new application

d) Become familiar with tools to support using data for decision making
e) Work 9-5 in your office.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: Provide three ways in which information technology can impact
managers and three ways it can impact non-managerial workers.
Section Reference: How Does IT Impact Organizations?
Difficulty: Medium
51) As a manager in your company, you expect to retrieve ______ from operational systems and
present it as _________ to your boss, who will react based on his ____________.
a) knowledge, information, data

b) information, data, knowledge
c) data, information, knowledge
d) data, experience, information
e) information, experience, wisdom
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Medium
52) In your new position, you are told that you will be working with a business analyst. What
would you expect this work to entail?
a) Review computer code.

b) Explain the business process
c) Test programs
d) Identify new technology that might benefit the organization
e) Create Web sites and pages
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
53) An organization’s IT components include all of the following except:
a) a network.
b) programs
c) procedures
d) a database
e) monitors
Answer: c
Learning Objective1: Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and give examples of
each.
Difficulty: Easy
54) A(n) _____________ is a computer program designed to support a specific task or business
process.
a) Interface
b) Application
c) Functional area
d) Network
e) Database
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Medium
55) _____ is/are the computer hardware, software, and communications technologies that are
used by IT personnel to produce IT services.
a) IT components
b) IT services
c) Information technology
d) An information system
e) A computer-based information system
Answer: a
each.
Difficulty: Easy
56) An organization’s _____ consists of the physical facilities, IT components, IT services, and IT
management that will support the entire organization.
a) information technology architecture

b) information technology infrastructure
c) information technology
d) information system
e) computer-based information system
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Easy
57) IT personnel use _____ to develop _____.
a) IT components, IT services
b) computer-based information systems, IT architecture
c) IT infrastructure, IT architecture
d) IT infrastructure, IT platform
e) IT components, IT architecture
Answer: a
each.
Difficulty: Medium
58) The IT infrastructure is comprised of _______ and ________.
a) IT components, IT personnel
b) IT components, IT services
c) IT services, IT personnel
d) IT personnel, computer-based information systems
e) Computer-based information systems, IT personnel
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Medium
59) Which of the following statements is false?
a) An application is a computer program designed to support a specific business process.

b) Each functional area within an organization has only one application.
c) A functional area information system is the same as a departmental information system.
d) A functional area information system can obtain data from other functional area information
systems.
e) App, application, and application program all mean the same thing.
Answer: b
each.
Difficulty: Medium
60) Enterprise resource planning systems:
a) were designed to process transactions faster.

b) evolved because newer technologies made older systems obsolete.
c) use a common database for all functional areas.
d) are utilized to conduct site analyses.
e) All the above statements are true.
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Medium
61) Knowledge workers:
a) handle day-to-day operations within an organization.

b) make tactical decisions.
c) advise middle managers
d) make routine decisions.
e) are generalists
Answer: c
Learning Objective1: Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and give examples of
each.
Difficulty: Medium
62) Office automation systems:
a) support only the clerical staff.

b) are comprised of software that is only used to develop documents and spreadsheets
c) include report generators.
d) are a type of interorganizational system.
e) are usually developed in-house.
Answer: c
each.
Difficulty: Hard
63) ___________ include B2B and B2C.
a) Enterprise resource planning systems

b) Computer-based information systems

c) Functional area information systems
d) Intraorganizational information systems
Answer: a
each.
Difficulty: Medium
a) IT ultimately decreases the number of managers and experts.

b) IT makes managers more productive.
c) IT increases the number of employees who can report to a single manager.
d) IT reduces stress by giving managers more time to make decisions.
e) IT decreases the number of promotional opportunities.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: Discuss three ways in which information technology can impact managers
Section Reference: 1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?
Difficulty: Medium
65) Which of the following statements about the potential impact of IT on non-managerial
workers is true?
a) IT will create more jobs than it eliminates.

b) Employees will feel a higher degree of loyalty towards their company.
c) IT could cause employees to experience a loss of identity.
d) The flexibility of IT can minimize stress on the job.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
66) Which of the following statements about your future role as a manager is false?
a) The people I manage will likely be dispersed geographically.

b) The size of my team will likely be smaller than teams of today.
c) There will be less emphasis on office politics.
d) Many of my decisions will be “real time”.
e) I will need IT tools to handle the data I utilize to make decisions.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
67) Which of the following statements about IT’s role in society is false?
a) IT has created employee flexibility.

b) Robots can do many routine tasks.
c) Robots can handle unfamiliar situations.
d) IT can be used to help doctors diagnose diseases.
e) Telepresence robots can act as the eyes and ears of a business manager.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: List three positive and three negative societal effects of the increased use of
information technology.
Section Reference: 1.4 Importance of Information Systems to Society
Difficulty: Medium
68) Refer to Opening Case – Will Blackberry Survive? – Which of the following is true?
a) rapid changes in information technology can make products obsolete quickly.

b) IT is making our world smaller.
c) success of a smart phone depends on the number of apps developed.
d) rapid changes in information technology can drive non-responsive businesses to the brink of
destruction.
e) All of the above.
Answer: e
daily life.
Section Reference: Opening Case: Will Blackberry Survive?
Difficulty: Medium
69) Refer to IT’s About Business: 1.1 – E-Mealz: Which of the following statements is false?
a) Jane could run E-Mealz just as efficiency without technology.

b) Jane uses social network sites to promote her business.
c) Customers can submit recipes to E-Mealz’s database.
d) Customers receive a weekly meal plan and grocery list.
e) E-Mealz provides nutritional information.
Answer: a
daily life.
Section Reference: IT’s About Small Business 1.1: E-Mealz
Difficulty: Medium
70) Refer to IT’s About Business Section Reference: 1.2 – Build Your Own Multinational
Company: A digital nomad is
a) someone who moves from office to office.

b) someone who uses IT to work remotely.
c) someone who lives outside Canada.
d) someone who works anonymously.
e) someone who has no IT costs.
Answer: b
Section Reference: IT’s About Business 1.2
Difficulty: medium
71) Refer to IT’s About Business 1.3 – Electronic E-Discovery Software Replaces Lawyers: E-
discovery
a) is still largely in the experimental stage. involves analyzing files in a law firm.
b) searches vast numbers of documents for relevant information.
c) does not have any more features than a search engine.
d) cannot review e-mails or chat conversations.
e) cannot recognize changes in behavior.
Answer: b
each.
Section Reference: IT’s About Business 1.3
Difficulty: Medium
72) Refer to Closing Case – L’Oreal Retools its Information Systems – Which of the following was
not a consequence of integrating L’Oreal’s SAP ERP system with FLEXNet?
a) ISIS supports all faculty processes while promoting best practices.

b) Master data are stored in the company’s central headquarters.
c) Upgrades take much less time.
d) Quality control has improved.
e) Shop workers found the new system stressful.
Answer: e
Learning Objective: Provide three ways in which information technology can impact
managers and three ways it can impact non-managerial workers.
Section Reference: Closing Case: L’Oreal Retools Its Information Systems
Difficulty: Medium
Question Type: Short Answer
73) Differentiate between information systems and information technology.
Difficulty: Medium
74) Differentiate among data, information, and knowledge.
each.
Difficulty: Medium
75) Differentiate between information technology and information technology infrastructure.
each.
Difficulty: Medium
76) Discuss why information systems and information technologies are integral to your lives.
Difficulty: Medium
77) Discuss three ways in which information technology can impact managers.
Difficulty: Medium
78) How does IT impact the health and safety of employees?
Difficulty: Medium
79) Discuss three ways in which information technology can impact non-managerial workers.
Difficulty: Medium
Question Type: Essay
80) Who is an informed user, and what are the benefits of being an informed user?
Difficulty: Easy
81) Distinguish among the career opportunities that IT offers.
Difficulty: Easy
82) Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and provide examples of each one.
each.
Difficulty: Medium
83) Distinguish between ERP and TPS; briefly detail how these systems support the entire
organization.
Difficulty: Medium
84) Briefly detail upon how IT impacts organizations.
daily life.
Learning Objective: Provide three ways in which information technology can impact managers
Section Reference: 1.3 How does IT impact organizations?
Difficulty: Medium
85) Discuss three positive and three negative societal effects of the increased use of information
technology.
Difficulty: Medium
86) Explain how information technology impacts individuals, organizations, and the world.
Support your answer with concrete examples.
Learning Objective: Summarize the fundamental concepts and skills related to the impact of
information systems on individuals, organizations, and society.
Section Reference: Chapter 1
Difficulty: Medium
Legal Notice
Copyright © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. or related companies. All rights
reserved.
The data contained in these files are protected by copyright. This manual is furnished
under licence and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such licence.
The material provided herein may not be downloaded, reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, modified, made available on a network, used to create derivative works, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, scanning, or otherwise without the prior written permission of John Wiley &
Sons Canada, Ltd.
Chapter 2
Organizational Strategy, Competitive Advantage, and Information Systems
Question Type: True/False
1) A business process has inputs and outputs.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Understand the concept of business processes, and provide examples of
business processes in the functional areas of an organization.
Section Reference: 2.1 Business Processes
Difficulty: Easy
2) A business process can be a liability.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
3) The activities of a business process can be measured.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
4) Cross-functional processes are business processes require the cooperation of multiple

functional areas.
Answer: True
Section: Business Processes

Difficulty: Easy
5) Cross-functional processes are executed within a single functional area.

Answer: False
Learning Objective:Understand the concept of business processes, and provide examples of

Difficulty: Easy
6) The procurement process includes the sales function.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
7) The long-term goal of business process management is to create a competitive advantage

through organizational flexibility.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Differentiate between the terms business process reengineering and
business process management.
Difficulty: Medium
8) An organization’s business processes can create a competitive advantage.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
9) A business process always includes information systems.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
10) BPR is a strategy for improving the efficiency of an organization’s data collection.
Answer: False
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process Difficulty: Medium
11) E-Commerce is the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services,
or information via computer networks, including the Internet.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 2.3.3 E-Business and E-Commerce
Difficulty: Easy
12) BPM is an implementation of BPR.
Answer: False
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process Management
Difficulty: Hard
13) BPM can improve an organization’s flexibility.
Answer: True
14) The overall performance of an organization has little to do with how well it manages its
business processes.
Answer: False
15) Business process management includes methods and tools to support the design, analysis,
implementation, management, and optimization of business processes.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process Difficulty: Easy
16) Differentiation is the result of optimizing the marketing and innovation processes.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process Difficulty: Hard
17) Productivity is the result of optimizing operations and supplier processes.
Answer: False
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process Difficulty: Hard
18) Customer satisfaction is the result of optimizing and aligning business processes to fulfill
customers’ needs, wants, and desires.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process
Difficulty: Hard
19) According to Friedman, the focus of Globalization 3.0 is on groups and individuals.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 2.2 Business Process Reengineering and Business Process

Difficulty: Hard
20) The business environment refers to the industry that a company is in.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: List and provide examples of the three types of business pressures, and
describe one IT response to each.
Section Reference: 2.3 Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and Information
Technology Support
Difficulty: Medium
21) Globalization is the integration and interdependence of many facets of life made possible by
rapid advances in information technology.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
22) The information technology environment is the combination of social, legal, economic,
physical, and political factors that affect business activities.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
23) In general, labor costs are higher in countries than in developed countries.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
24) Developed countries usually provide greater fringe benefits than developing countries.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
25) Information technology is facilitating the entry of a wide variety of employees into the
workforce.
Answer: True
Section Reference: Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and Information Technology
Support
Difficulty: Easy
26) Internet access in Canada is not particularly related to household income.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
27) In general, government deregulation decreases competition.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
28) Ethical issues are important because, if handled poorly, they can damage an organization’s
image.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
29) Build-to-stock is a strategy of producing customized products and services.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
30) In mass production, a company produces a large quantity of identical items.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
31) In mass customization, companies produce items in large quantity, but they tailor the items
to meet the desires and needs of individual customers.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
32) Customer intimacy is the process whereby a business learns as much as possible about its
customers to better anticipate and address their needs.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
33) A growing IT initiative called green IT is enabling organizations to reduce their carbon
footprint.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
34) The digital divide is the gap between data and knowledge.
Answer: False
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
35) The One Laptop per Child project aims to use technology to revolutionize how the world can
educate its children.
Answer: True
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
36) Competitive advantage helps a company function effectively within a market and generate
larger-than-average profits.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Identify the five competitive forces described by Porter, and explain how the
Web impacts each one.
Learning Objective: Describe the strategies that organizations typically adopt to counter the five
competitive forces and achieve competitive advantage.
Section Reference: 2.4 Competitive Advantage and Strategic Information Systems
Difficulty: Easy
37) An information system that helps an organization gain a competitive advantage is called a
competitive information system.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
38) Every competitive organization is driven by the competitive forces identified by Michael
Porter.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
39) Michael Porter concludes that the overall impact of the Internet is to increase competition,
which generally diminishes a firm’s profitability.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
40) The Internet increases traditional barriers to entry into a market.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
41) The Internet decreases customers’ bargaining power.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
42) Information-based industries face the greatest threat from substitutes.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
43) The music industry is a good example of the extremely low variable costs of digital products.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
44) The internet impact on bargaining power of suppliers always favors buyers.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
45) The introduction of the ATM in the banking industry is an example of the innovation
strategy.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
46) An entry barrier is a long-term competitive advantage.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
47) The bargaining power of suppliers is low when their buyers have few choices.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
48) The bargaining power of suppliers is high when buyers have few choices and low when
buyers have many choices.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
49) When there are many substitute products, a company can create a competitive advantage
by increasing fees.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
50) Porter’s value chain model is a variation of his competitive advantage framework.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
51) The primary activities in the value chain create the value for which customers are willing to
pay.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
52) It’s a good idea for a company to select two competitive advantage strategies.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
53) With a competitive strategy, companies only need to plan their own moves.
Answer: False
Learning Objective1: Describe the strategies that organizations typically adopt to counter the
five competitive forces and achieve competitive advantage.
Difficulty: Medium
a) Competitive advantage is based on some measurement such as cost, quality, or speed.

b) Competitive advantage enables a company to function effectively within a market.
c) Competitive advantage leads to higher-than-average profits.
d) Competitive advantage requires the use of technology.
e) Competitive advantage applies to companies of all sizes.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: Provide a real-world application of how information systems can contribute
to organizational strategies and competitive advantage.
Section Reference: Opening Case: Double Trouble for BP
Difficulty: Easy
55) BP’s April 2010 oil spill revealed the following about their business processes:
a) BP continually ignored the automatic warnings provided by the drilling system.

b) BP seemed to neglect the fact that the information systems that support its drilling
operations are clearly just as strategic as the firm’s business information systems.
c) BP was able to use IT to create millions of dollars in cost savings.

d) All of the above were revealed by the oil spill.
Answer: b
Learning Objective1: Provide a real-world application of how information systems can

contribute to organizational strategies and competitive advantage.
Difficulty: Medium
56) BP’s CIO was tasked with ______________.
a) Updating their IT systems

b) Getting more IT vendors to support their systems
c) Reducing the number of IT contractors
d) Replace SAP with a better system
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
57) The term store power refers to:
a) The increased number of products.

b) The increased costs.
c) The increased customer traffic.
d) The increased sales force.
Answer: c
Section Reference: IT’s About Small Business, Boosting Store Power
Difficulty: Medium
58) The store power can be significantly increased by:
a) Proper showcasing of products online.

b) Kijiji.
c) Craig list.
d) Sales force.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy.
59) The following company focused on providing a platform to companies to proper showcasing
of their products.
a) Kijiji.com
b) CraigList.com
c) SalesForce.com
d) Shopcaster.com
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
60) Which of the following statements concerning business processes is false?
a) A process has inputs.

b) A process has outputs.
c) A process has activities that can be measured.
d) A process creates value.
e) A process cannot cross functional area boundaries.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
61) A business process can be a competitive advantage when _____________.
a) The company becomes less responsive and efficient

b) IT enables the company innovate or to execute better than its competitors
c) Inputs are translated to outputs
d) A product or service is delivered to the organization
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
62) Applying copyrights and trademarks is an example of a(n):
a) Accounting business process

b) Finance business process
c) Marketing business process
d) Production business process
e) Management information systems business process
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
63) Reconciling bank accounts is an example of a(n):
a) Accounting Business Process

b) Finance Business Process
c) Marketing Business Process
d) Production Business Process
e) Management Information Systems Business Process
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
64) Managing account collections is an example of a(n):

Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
65) Collecting sales tax is an example of a(n):

Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
66) Managing purchasing is an example of a(n):

Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
67) Cross-functional business processes:
a) Fall within a single functional area

b) Cut across multiple functional areas
c) Require collaboration
d) A and C
e) B and C
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
68) Managing pay and payroll is an example of a(n):

d) Human Resources Business Process
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
69) Which of the following processes involves the warehouse, purchasing, and accounting
functional areas?
a) Procurement
b) Fulfillment
c) Order entry
d) Accounts receivable
e) Payroll
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
70) Which of the following processes involves the warehouse, sales, and accounting functional
areas?
a) Procurement
b) Fulfillment
c) Order entry
d) Accounts Receivable
e) Payroll
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
71) Which of the following is not a role that information systems play in businesses processes?
a) Establish standards
b) Execute the process
c) Capture and store process data
d) Monitor process performance
e) Detect problems with the process.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
72) An example of a cross-functional business process is ________.
a) Warehousing
b) Purchasing
c) Procurement
d) Accounting
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
73) For many organizations, business process reengineering
a) Is easy to implement.
b) Is not disruptive to implement.
c) Has little impact on facilities.
d) Is inexpensive.
e) Has a major impact on the corporate culture.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
a) BPM is a task-oriented approach.

b) BPM can help companies reduce costs.
c) BPM can help companies increase revenue.
d) BPM can improve customer satisfaction.
e) BPM can improve organizational flexibility
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
75) Business process ______________ is a management technique that includes methods and
tools to support the design, analysis, implementation, management, and optimization of
business processes.
a) Implementation
b) Management
c) Optimization
d) Reengineering
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
76) The initial goal of business process management is ____________________.
a) To be less radical, disruptive, and more incremental

b) To improve profitability by decreasing costs and increasing revenue
c) To create a competitive advantage through organizational flexibility
d) To organize around the business process not the individual task
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
a) BPM begins with process modeling.

b) Process modeling is a graphical depiction of all the steps in a process.
c) BPM uses Web-enabled technologies for user interfaces.
d) Business activity monitoring is used to measure and manage business processes.
e) Business activity monitoring is a type of scheduled reporting.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
78) _____________ is the result of optimizing the manufacturing and logistics processes.
a) Customer satisfaction
b) Cost reduction
c) Cycle and fulfillment time
d) Differentiation
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
79) _____________ is the result of optimizing the marketing and innovation processes.
a) Customer satisfaction
b) Cost reduction
c) Cycle and fulfillment time
d) Differentiation
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
80) Business process _______________ is a strategy for improving the efficiency and
effectiveness of an organization’s business processes.
a) Implementation
b) Management
c) Optimization
d) Reengineering
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
81) ____________ pressures are generated by the global economy, intense competition, the
changing nature of the workforce, and powerful customers.
a) Economic
b) Market
c) Social
d) Technology
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
82) According to Friedman, the focus of Globalization 1.0 was on:
a) Countries
b) Companies
c) Groups
d) Individuals
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
a) Countries
b) Companies
c) Groups
d) Individuals
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
a) Countries
b) Companies
c) Groups and Individuals
d) Governments
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
85) New and improved technologies rapidly create and support substitutes for products,
alternative service options, and superb quality. This is an example of ________ pressures.
a) Economic
b) Market
c) Social
d) Technology
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
86) Spending to protect against terrorism is an example of __________ pressure.
a) Economic
b) Market
c) Social
d) Technology
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
87) ____________ is a strategy of producing a large quantity of items, but customizing them to
fit the desire of each customer.
a) Customer focus
b) Make-to-order
c) Mass customization
d) Personalization
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
88) ____________ is a strategy of producing customized (made to individual specifications)

products and services.
a) Customer focus
b) Make-to-order
c) Mass customization
d) Personalization
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
89) Business pressures on organizations are created when there are changes in
a) Social factors
b) Economic factors
c) Legal factors
d) Political factors
e) Changes in all of these will create business pressures.
Answer: e
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
90) Market pressures include which of the following?
a) The global economy

b) Weak competition
c) A homogeneous workforce
d) Weak customers
e) High-cost offshore labor
Answer: a
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
91) The workforce in developed countries is exhibiting all of the following trends except:
a) It is becoming more diversified.

b) It includes more women.
c) It includes more single parents.
d) It includes fewer persons with disabilities.
e) It includes more minority-group members.
Answer: d
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
92) Today’s customers have ________.
a) Less knowledge about products

b) Less sophistication
c) Difficulty in finding information about products
d) Higher expectations
e) Difficulty in comparing prices
Answer: d
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
93) Which of the following statements concerning technology pressures on modern businesses
is true?
a) Technology changes so rapidly that organizations should wait before they release new
technology-based products.
b) New technologies offer alternative service options.
c) New technologies will never replace existing technologies.
d) The amount of information on the Internet remains stable from year to year.
e) The important information on the Internet is fee-based.
Answer: b
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
94) Which of the following is not an example of the growing initiative called green IT?
a) Designing an IT infrastructure to support sustainability.

b) Building systems that monitor carbon throughout the organization.
c) Asking vendors about compliance on environmental standards.
d) Building computer applications that use less energy

e) Designing energy-efficient data centers.
Answer: d
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
95) The digital divide is an example of which type of societal pressure?
a) Social responsibility
b) Government regulations
c) Protection against terrorism
d) Ethics
e) Information overload
Answer: a
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
96) Which one of the following statements is false?
a) Businesses tend to view government regulations as expensive constraints on their activities.

b) Government deregulation reduces competition.
c) IT support is essential for compliance with many new regulations.
d) IT has been used to identify patterns of behavior associated with terrorist activities.
e) Information ethics can destroy the morale of a company’s employees.
Answer: b
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
97) Which of the following is not a Section Reference by organizations to business pressures?
a) Delay releases of innovated products.

b) Build strategic systems that enable an organization to increase market share or profits.
c) Provide tools that satisfy customers so they don’t go to a competitor.
d) Manufacture customized goods at a lower cost.
e) Conduct business electronically with customers and business partners.
Answer: a
Technology Support
Difficulty: Medium
98) Producing identical items in large quantities is called:
a) Strategic systems.
b) Customer focus.
c) Continuous improvement.
d) Mass production.
e) Mass customization.
Answer: d
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
99) Producing customized items in large quantities is called:
a) Strategic systems.
b) Customer focus.
c) Continuous improvement.
d) Mass production.
e) Mass customization.
Answer: e
Technology Support
Difficulty: Easy
100) The Bodymetrics body scanner is best characterized as an example of:
a) Mass production.
b) Customer focus.
c) Real-time customer input.
d) Mass customization.
e) Continuous improvement.
Answer: d
Technology Support
Difficulty: Medium
101) Information-based industries are most susceptible to which one of Porter’s five forces?
a) Threat of entry of new competitors

b) Bargaining power of suppliers
c) Bargaining power of customers
d) Threat of substitute products
e) Rivalry among existing firms in an industry
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
102) Competitive advantage for an organization manifests itself as all of the following except:
a) Lower costs
b) Higher quality
c) Increased time to market
d) Increased profits
e) Increased speed
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
103) For most companies, the Web _____ the threat that new competitors will enter the market
by _____ traditional barriers to entry.
a) Decreases, increasing
b) Increases, decreasing
c) Increases, increasing
d) Decreases, decreasing
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
104) _____ is a feature that must be offered by a competing organization in order to survive in
the marketplace.
a) Competitive advantage
b) An entry barrier
c) Strategic advantage
d) Rapid time-to-market
e) One-to-one marketing
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
105) The threat of competitors’ entering the automobile manufacturing industry is _____
because barriers to entry are so _____.
a) Low, low
b) High, high
c) High, low
d) Low, high
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
106) The threat of competitors’ entering a market is very high in industries that perform a(n)
_____ role and in industries where the primary product or service is _____.
a) Intermediation, physical
b) Broker, physical
c) Sales, financial
d) Financial, digital
e) Intermediation, digital
Answer: e
Difficulty: Hard
107) How does the Internet affect the way you purchase your textbooks?
a) The Internet gives you fewer choices.

b) The Internet increases your bargaining power.
c) The Internet provides you with less information.
d) The Internet decreases your bargaining power.
e) The Internet increases your switching costs.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
108) Buyer power is _____ when buyers have many choices from whom to buy and _____ when
buyers have few choices.
a) High, the same

b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
e) Low, the same
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
109) The costs of delivering products in the _____ channel are much higher than delivering
products in the _____ channel.
a) E-commerce, digital
b) Digital, e-commerce
c) Digital, physical
d) Physical, financial
e) Physical, digital
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
110) Porter’s competitive forces model helps organizations identify _____, whereas his value
chain model helps organizations identify specific _____.
a) Competitive opportunities, activities

b) General strategies, activities
c) Activities, competitive opportunities
d) Activities, general strategies
e) Primary activities, support activities
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
111) _____ activities create value for which customers are willing to pay, whereas _____
activities do not add value directly to the firm’s products or services.
a) Support, primary
b) Human resource management, inbound logistics
c) Procurement, operations
d) Primary, support
e) Accounting, outbound logistics
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
112) If there are _____ substitutes for an organization’s products or services, then the threat of
substitutes is _____.
a) Many, high
b) Few, low
c) Few, high
d) Many, low
e) Few, negligible
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
113) New technologies can produce new products very _____, which _____ the threat from
substitute products.
a) Slowly, decreases
b) Slowly, increases
c) Slowly, does not affect
d) Quickly, increases
e) Quickly, does not affect
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
114) The visibility of Internet applications on the Web makes proprietary systems more difficult
to keep secret. This is an example of which of Porter’s five forces?
a) Threat of entry of new competitors

b) Bargaining power of suppliers
c) Bargaining power of customers
d) Threat of substitute products
e) Rivalry among existing firms in an industry
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
115) Walmart’s automatic inventory replenishment system, which enables the company to
reduce inventory storage requirements, is an example of which strategy for competitive
advantage?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
d) Operational effectiveness
e) Customer-orientation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
116) Which strategy for competitive advantage involves offering different products, services, or
product features?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
117) Which strategy for competitive advantage involves introducing new products and putting
new features in existing products?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
118) The threat of entry of new competitors is __________ when it is easy to enter a market
and __________ when significant barriers to entry exist.
a) High, high
b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
119) The bargaining power of suppliers is _______ when buyers have few choices and
_________ when buyers have many choices.
a) High, high
b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
120) The introduction of ATM machines by Citibank was a classic example of which strategy for
competitive advantage?
a) Cost leadership
b) Innovation
c) Differentiation
Answer: b

Difficulty: Easy
121) Southwest Airlines’ low-cost, short-haul strategy is an example of which strategy for
competitive advantage?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
122) Which strategy for competitive advantage involves improving the manner in which an
organization executes its internal business processes?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
123) When Amazon welcomes you by name back to its Web site on your second visit, it is
employing which strategy for competitive advantage?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
124) IT will impact managers’ jobs in all of the following ways except:
a) Managers will have time to get into the field

b) Managers can spend more time planning
c) Managers can spend more time “putting out fires”
d) Managers can gather information more quickly
e) None of these
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
125) The bargaining power of buyers is ___________ when buyers have many choices and
________ when buyers have few choices.
a) High, high
b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
126) The threat of substitute products or services is _______ when there are many substitutes
for an organization’s products or services and ________ when there are few substitutes.
a) High, high
b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
127) The rivalry among firms in an industry is __________ when there is fierce competition and
___________ when competition is among fewer firms.
a) High, high
b) High, low
c) Low, low
d) Low, high
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
128) In the airline industry, ________ is an example of differentiation strategy as it offers

regional service at low cost.
a) Air Canada
b) Air Quebec
c) WestJet
d) EastJet
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
129) Porter’s _____ help(s) companies identify general strategies, whereas his _____ help(s) to
identify specific activities where companies can use the strategies for greatest impact.
a) Value chain model, competitive forces model

b) Primary activities, support activities
c) Competitive forces model, primary activities
d) Competitive forces model, value chain model
e) Value chain model, support activities
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
130) The internet ________ buyers’ access to information, __________ buyer power.
a) Decreases, decreasing
b) Decreases, increasing
c) Increases, decreasing
d) Increases, increasing
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
131) Which strategy for competitive advantage improves the manner in which internal business
processes are executed so that a firm performs similar activities better than its rivals?
a) Cost leadership
b) Differentiation
c) Innovation
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
132) Which of the following is not an example of business – IT alignment?
a) The company goals are clear to every IT and business employee.

b) The company ensures that IT employees understand how the company makes money.
c) The company views IT as a way to support the business but not as a way to create new
revenue streams.
d) IT professionals rotate into business departments.
e) The company views customer service as extremely important.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: Define business-information technology alignment, and describe the

characteristics of effective alignment.
Section Reference: 2.5 Business–Information Technology Alignment
Difficulty: Medium
133) Which of the following is not a cause of inadequate alignment between IT and business?
a) A lack of communication
b) Different objectives
c) Not understanding each group’s expertise
d) Lack of IT knowledge on the part of the business executives
e) Lack of funds
Answer: e

Difficulty: Medium
134) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of excellent alignment between IT and
business?
a) Organizations create a vibrant and inclusive company culture.

b) Organizations ensure business and IT professionals communicate solely from their area of
expertise.
c) Organizations ensure that IT employees understand how the company makes (or loses)
money.
d) Organizations view their internal and external customers and their customer service function
as supremely important.
Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium
135) Alignment between IT and business is difficult because ________.
a) the objectives of business managers and IT managers are so comprehensive.

b) the business and IT departments know little of the other group’s expertise.
c) communicate well but find it hard to implement projects that are discussed.
d) All of the above are reasons alignment is difficult.
Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium
136) Alignment between IT and business is characterized by a __________ of the IT function

with strategy, mission, and goals of the organization.
a) tight integration
b) loose integration
c) replacement
d) upgrade
Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium
137) IT governance aims to add value while ______:
a) Balancing risk versus return over IT and its processes.

b) Maximizing profit.
c) Minimizing cost.
d) Creating a friendly environment
Answer: a
Learning Objective: Define the term “IT governance” and explain why information systems need
to be effectively managed and planned.

Difficulty: Medium
138) Refer to IT’s About Business– Sleek Audio: Which of Friedman’s flatteners applies to Sleek
Audio’s decision to bring its manufacturing back to the United States?
a) Offshoring
b) Informing
c) Work-flow software
d) Supply chaining
e) The Steroids
Answer: d
Section Reference: IT’s About Business: Sleek Audio
Difficulty: Medium
139) ___________ is a website where potential donors can decide where their money can be
directed, stating whether it goes to a particular disaster relief fund.
a) GiftFlow.org
b) RedCross.ca
c) Microsoft.ca
d) Kiva.org
Answer: b
Section Reference: IT’s About Business: The Internet Facilitates Generosity
Difficulty: Medium
140) According to “The Internet Facilitates Generosity” case, what is the order in which people
most readily share?
a) Information, Physical goods, Time

b) Information, Time, Physical goods
c) Time, Information, Physical goods
d) Time, Physical goods, Information
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
141) Refer to IT’s About Business – The Internet Facilitates Generosity: Sociologists argue that
posting experiences on message boards can actually improve a person’s
a) Self-esteem
b) Independence
c) Wealth
d) Free time
e) Social status
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
142) The Lululemon Athletica Inc. (www.lululemon.com) focused on creating:
a) Brand environment
b) Culture of high quality
c) Uniqueness
d) enhanced customer service with IT
e) All of the above
Answer: e
Learning Objective: Summarize the fundamental concepts and skills related to developing
organizational strategies and competitive advantage.
Section Reference: Closing Case – Can Lululemon Sustain Competetive Advantage?
Difficulty: Medium
143) Identify the three types of business pressures, and explain how organizations can use IT to
respond to each one.

Technology Support
Difficulty: Medium
144) Using Porter’s competitive forces model, contrast the bargaining power of suppliers and
the bargaining power of customers (buyers).
Difficulty: Medium
145) What are switching costs, and why would a company care about them?
Difficulty: Medium
146) Differentiate between Porter’s competitive forces model and his value chain model.
Difficulty: Medium
147) Differentiate between primary activities and support activities in Porter’s value chain
model.
Difficulty: Medium
148) Evaluate the assertion that an information system by itself can rarely provide a sustainable
competitive advantage.
Difficulty: Medium
149) Explain what a business environment is and what factors within the environment put
pressure on the business.
Technology Support
Difficulty: Medium
150) Explain how changes in social responsibility, government regulation/deregulation, social

programs, protection against terrorism, and ethics put pressure on modern businesses.
Technology Support
Difficulty: Hard
151) Identify the five forces of Porter’s competitive forces model, and explain how the Internet
impacts each one.
Difficulty: Hard
152) Discuss why the variable cost of digital products is extremely low.
Difficulty: Hard
153) Provide an example of each of the five strategies for competitive advantage. (Do not use
the examples provided in the book).
Difficulty: Hard
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Chapter 3
Data and knowledge management
1) The growing mounds of data have given rise to a new type of professional, the data scientist.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Identify three common challenges in managing data, and describe one way
organizations can address each challenge using data governance.
Section Reference: Case 3.1 Big Data
Difficulty: Medium
2) The Information Silos are information that is stored and isolated in separate functional areas.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
3) The decisions about hardware or software last longer, and have a broader impact, than decisions
about data.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
4) The biggest problem today is gathering data and then using it properly.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
5) Data governance is an approach to managing functional area information systems.

Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
6) Increasing amounts of external data need to be considered in making organizational decisions.
Answer: True
Section Reference: 3.1 Managing Data
Difficulty: Easy
7) Data rot refers to the quality of the data itself.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
8) Master data are a set of core data that span all of an enterprise’s information systems.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
9) It is important for applications and data to be dependent on each other.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Name six problems that can be minimized by using the database approach.
Learning Objective 2: 3.3 Demonstrate how to interpret relationships depicted in an entity-relationship
diagram.
Section Reference: 3.2 The Database Approach
Difficulty: Easy
10) Secondary keys have some identifying information but do not identify a file with complete accuracy.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
11) A negative value for a student’s grade point average is an example of a data integrity problem.
Answer: True
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
12) For the following entity-relationship diagram, the Student entity would have the foreign key.
Answer: False
Learning Objective 2: Demonstrate how to interpret relationships depicted in an entity-relationship
diagram.
Section Reference: 3.2 The Database Approach: Designing the Database
Difficulty: Easy
13) An entity is a person, place, thing, or event about which information is maintained.
Answer: True
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
14) An attribute is any characteristic or quality that describes a particular entity.
Answer: True
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
15) Modality is the minimum number of times an instance of one entity can be associated with an
instance of a related entity.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
16) The secondary key is a field that identifies a record with complete uniqueness.
Answer: False
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
17) Entity-relationship diagrams are documents that show the primary and secondary keys associated
with a conceptual data model.
Answer: False
diagram.
Section Reference: The Database Approach: Designing the Database
Difficulty: Easy
18) You would be an instance of your university’s STUDENT class.
Answer: True
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
19) The relational database model is based on the concept of three-dimensional tables.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Discuss at least one main advantage and one main disadvantage of relational
databases.
Section Reference: 3.3 Database Management Systems
Difficulty: Easy
20) A relational database is one big table that contains all the company’s records.
Answer: False
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
21) Structured query language is a relational database language that enables users to perform
complicated searches with relatively simple statements.
Answer: True
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
22) When data are normalized, attributes in the table depend on the primary key and any secondary
keys.
Answer: False
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
23) In a data warehouse, existing data are constantly purged as new data come in.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Identify the six basic characteristics of data warehouses, and explain the advantages
of data warehouses and marts to organizations.
Learning Objective 2: Demonstrate the use of a multidimensional model to store and analyze data.
Section Reference: 3.4 Data Warehouses and Data Marts
Difficulty: Easy
24) An organization’s data warehouse generally maintains its operational data.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
25) Online analytical processing (OLAP) involves the analysis of accumulated data by end users.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
26) A data mart can be implemented more quickly than a data warehouse.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
27) Data marts are designed for the end-user needs in a strategic business unit or department.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
28) The Isle of Capri Casinos found its direct mail program was successful in providing a complete view
of the customers.
Answer: False
Section reference: IT’s About Business: The Data Warehouse at the Isle of Capri Casinos
Difficulty: Medium
29) Master data are generated and captured by operational systems.
Answer: False
Section Reference: 3.4 Data Warehouses and Data Marts: Governance
Difficulty: Easy
30) A data mart is a low-cost, scaled-down version of a data warehouse.

Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
31) Tacit knowledge is the more objective, rational, and technical types of knowledge.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: List two main advantages of using knowledge management, and describe the steps
in the knowledge management system cycle.
Section Reference: 3.5 Knowledge Management
Difficulty: Easy
32) Explicit knowledge refers to the cumulative store of subjective learning, which is personal and hard
to formalize.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
33) Knowledge is information in action.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
34) When you start a job, you are given an employee handbook which contains the company’s tacit
knowledge.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
35) When you start a job, you watch what other employees are doing and ask them to explain why they
do it in a particular way. They are sharing their tacit knowledge.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
36) The data dictionary stores definitions of data elements, characteristics that use the data elements,
physical representation of the data elements, data ownership, and security.
Answer: True
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
37) Which of the following is NOT a problem with Big Data?
a) Gathering data
b) Privacy
c) Security
d) Decision-making
Answer: a
Learning Objective: Provide a real-world application of data and knowledge management.

Section Reference: Big Data
Difficulty: Medium
38) Refer to Opening Case – Big Data. Which of the following is not a problem created by “Big Data”?
a) The data is not reliable.

b) The amount of data exceeds the available storage.
c) The existing networks can’t handle the volume.
d) It is more difficult to protect the data.
e) The vast amounts of data make decision making more complicated.
Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium
39) Which of the following has (have) the broadest impact on an organization?
a) Decisions about hardware.

b) Decisions about software.
c) Decisions about data.
d) Both “decisions about hardware” and “decisions about software.”
e) All of these have an equal impact.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
40) It is difficult to manage data. For example, it is common for customers to move and for companies
to go out of business. This is an example of ___________.
a) Data degradation
b) Data rot
c) Data security
d) Scattered data
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
41) Which of the following is not a source for external data?
a) Commercial databases
b) Corporate databases
c) Sensors
d) Satellites
e) Government reports
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
42) Which of the following is not a reason why managing data is difficult over time?
a) New systems are developed.

b) The media the data are stored on becomes problematic.
c) New sources of data are created.
d) The amount of data increases exponentially.
e) All of these are reasons why managing data is difficult over time.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
43) The amount of data we collect is ____________ over time, making it ________ difficult to manage
data.
a) Decreasing, less
b) Decreasing, more
c) Increasing, less
d) Increasing, more
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
44) Sarbanes-Oxley legally mandates that public companies evaluate and disclose the effectiveness of
their ________________.
a) IT policies
b) HR rules
c) financial controls
d) sales goals
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
45) Not including alphabetic characters in a Social Security Number field is an example of _____.
a) Data isolation.
b) Data integrity.
c) Data consistency.
d) Data redundancy.
e) Application/data dependence.
Answer: b
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
46) For the following entity-relationship diagram, the attributes you would NOT expect to see in the
Computer entity are
a) manufacturer.
b) type (laptop or desktop).
c) memory size.
d) disk size.
e) student’s dorm room.
Answer: E
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
47) For the following entity-relationship diagram, what could the primary key be in the Grade entity?
a) Primary key in Student entity

b) Primary key in Course entity
c) Its own primary key.
d) Primary key made up of the primary keys in Student entity and Course entity
e) It doesn’t need a primary key.
Answer: d
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
48) In a jewelry store, a customer places an order for a piece of jewelry (for example, a silver pin in the
shape of a tulip). A customer could order more than one piece of jewelry at a time.
Which of the following entity-relationship diagrams is true?
Answer: d
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
49) _____ occurs when applications cannot access data associated with other applications.
a) Data isolation
b) Data integrity
c) Data consistency
d) Data redundancy
e) Application/Data dependence
Answer: a
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
50) _____ occurs when the same data are stored in many places.
a) Data isolation
b) Data integrity
c) Data consistency
d) Data redundancy
Answer: D
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
51) Data ___________ ensures applications cannot access data associated with other applications.
a) Hermitting
b) Inconsistency
c) Isolation
d) Redundancy
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
52) _____ occurs when various copies of the data agree.
a) Data isolation
b) Data integrity
c) Data consistency
d) Data redundancy
Answer: c
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
53) You have moved to a different apartment, but your electricity bill continues to be sent to your old
address. The Post Office in your town has which problem with its data management?
a) Data redundancy
b) Data inconsistency
c) Data isolation
d) Data security
e) Data dependence
Answer: b
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
54) Place the following members of the data hierarchy in their correct order:
a) Bit – byte – field – record – database – file

b) Bit – field – byte – record – file – database
c) Byte – bit – record – field – database
d) Bit – byte – field – record – file – database
e) Bit – record – field – byte – file -- database
Answer: d
diagram.
Section Reference: 3.2 The Database Approach: The Data Hierarchy
Difficulty: Easy
55) Data ___________ ensures data meets system constraints.
a) Consistency
b) Independence
c) Integrity
d) Security
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
56) Data __________ is a problem minimized by databases.
a) Independence
b) Integrity
c) Isolation
d) Security
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
57) In the data hierarchy, the smallest element is the _____.
a) Record.
b) Bit.
c) Byte.
d) Character.
e) File.
Answer: b
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
58) A _______ is eight ________.
a) bit, digits
b) Byte, characters
c) Bit, bytes
d) Byte, bits
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
59) A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of characters into a word, a small group of words, or a complete
number.
a) Byte
b) Field
c) Record
d) File
e) Database
Answer: b
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
60) A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of related fields.
a) Byte
b) Field
c) Record
d) File
e) Database
Answer: c
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
61) A(n) _____ is a logical grouping of related records.
a) Byte
b) Field
c) Record
d) File
e) Database
Answer: d
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
62) A(n) _____ represents a single character, such as a letter, number, or symbol.
a) Byte
b) Field
c) Record
d) File
e) Database
Answer: a
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
63) In a database, the primary key field is used to _____.
a) Specify an entity
b) Create linked lists
c) Identify duplicated data
d) Uniquely identify a record
e) Uniquely identify an attribute
Answer: d
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
64) _____ are fields in a record that have some identifying information but typically do not identify the
record with complete accuracy.
a) Primary keys
b) Secondary keys
c) Duplicate keys
d) Attribute keys
e) Record keys
Answer: b
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
65) As an individual student in your university’s student database, you are a(n) _____ of the STUDENT
class.
a) Instance
b) Individual
c) Representative
d) Entity
e) Relationship
Answer: a
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
66) At your university, students can take more than one class, and each class can have more than one
student. This is an example of what kind of relationship?
a) One-to-one
b) One-to-many
c) Many-to-one
d) Many-to-many
e) Some-to-many
Answer: d
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
67) In a university’s relational database, the student record contains information regarding the student’s
last name. The last name is a(n):
a) Attribute.
b) Entity.
c) Primary key.
d) Object.
e) File.
Answer: A
diagram.
Difficulty: Easy
68) A database management system is primarily a(n) _____.
a) File-handling program
b) Data-modeling program
c) Interface between applications and a database
d) Interface between data and a database
e) Interface between queries and a database
Answer: c
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
69) In the relational database model, related tables can be joined when they contain common _____.
a) Primary keys
b) Rows
c) Records
d) Columns
e) Files
Answer: d
databases.
Difficulty: Medium
70) __________________ allows users to perform complicated searches by using relatively simple
statements or keywords.
a) DBMS
b) QBE
c) SQL
d) SSK
Answer: c
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
71) _____ tell the database management system which records are joined with others in related tables.
a) Primary keys
b) Secondary keys
c) Common attributes
d) Common files
e) Common fields
Answer: a
databases.
Difficulty: Medium
72) Data dictionaries perform all of the following functions except:
a) Providing information on each record.

b) Providing information on why attributes are needed in the database.
c) Defining the format necessary to enter data into the database.
d) Providing information on the name of each attribute.
e) Providing information on how often attributes should be updated.
Answer: a
databases.
Difficulty: Medium
73) In a relational database, every row represents a(n) _____.
a) File
b) Record
c) Attribute
d) Primary key
e) Secondary key
Answer: b
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
74) A standardized language used to manipulate data is _____.
a) MS-Access
b) Oracle
c) Query-by-example language
d) Structured query language
e) Data-manipulation language
Answer: d
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
75) _______________ uses drag-and-drop features to search a database.
a) DBMS
b) QBE
c) SQL
d) DDF
Answer: b
databases.
Difficulty: Medium
76) Data dictionaries provide which of the following advantages to the organization?
a) They reduce data inconsistency.

b) They enable faster program development.
c) They make it easier to modify data and information.
d) Both “They enable faster program development.” and “They make it easier to modify data and
information.”
e) All of these
Answer: e
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
77) _____ is a method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form.
a) Structured query
b) Normalization
c) Query by example
d) Joining
e) Relational analysis
Answer: b
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
78) When data are normalized, attributes in the table depend only on the _____.
a) Secondary key
b) Common attribute
c) Primary key
d) Common row
e) Common record
Answer: c
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
79) _____________ reduces a relational database to its most streamlined form.
a) A data dictionary
b) A database management system
c) Normalization
d) Streamlining
Answer: c
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
80) Normalized data occurs when attributes in the table depend only on the _______.
a) Data dictionary
b) Primary key
c) Record information
d) Secondary key
Answer: b
databases.
Difficulty: Easy
81) The data in a data warehouse have which of the following characteristics?
a) They are organized by subject.

b) They are coded in different formats.
c) They are updated in real time.
d) They are typically retained for a defined, but limited, period of time.
e) They are organized in a hierarchical structure.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
82) The data in a data warehouse:
a) Are updated constantly in real time.

b) Are updated in batch mode, approximately once per day.
c) Are not updated.
d) Are purged constantly as new data enter.
e) Are available for MIS analysts, but not users.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
83) The process of moving data from various sources into the data warehouse is called:
a) Uploading.
b) Extracting, transforming, and loading.
c) Online transaction processing.
d) Master data management.
e) Online analytical processing.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
84) A data warehouse is a repository of __________ data.
a) Current
b) Historical
c) Queried
d)Numbered
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
85) Compared to data warehouses, data marts have which one of the following characteristics?
a) They cost less.

b) They have longer lead times for implementation.
c) They provide for central rather than local control.
d) They contain more information.
e) They are more difficult to navigate.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
86) _____ is a formal approach to managing data consistently across an entire organization.
a) Database management
b) Enterprise information management
c) Data warehousing
d) Data governance
e) Data mart
Answer: d
Section Reference: 3.4 Data Warehouses and Data Marts: Data Governance
Difficulty: Easy
87) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a) Databases are organized to make queries very easy.

b) Running queries in a data warehouse does not degrade database performance.
c) Databases are well-suited for making comparisons between records.
d) Querying databases is the most effective and efficient way of using data.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
88) _____ provide(s) companies with a single version of the truth for their data.
a) Data warehouses
b) Data marts
c) Databases
d) Master data management
e) Enterprise information management
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
89) In data warehouses and data marts, data are stored in a multidimensional structure and visually
represented as a data cube. Figure 3.12 is an example of a data cube of sales with the dimensions of
product, geographic area, and time period (year). These are called business dimensions.
What would the business dimensions be for Walmart’s sales with its many sales transactions for many
products in many stores that would allow them to do weekly analysis?
a) Customer, product, and month

b) Customer, product, store
c) Customer, product, store, and month
d) Customer, product, store, and week
e) Product, store, and week
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
90) Organizations are turning to data governance for which of the following reasons?
a) They have too little data.

b) They are responding to federal regulations.
c) Their data are typically structured.
d) Their data are usually located in the organization’s databases.
e) Data across their organizations are generally consistent.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
91) __________ involves the analysis of accumulated data and involves a __________.
a) OLAP, database
b) OLAP, data warehouse
c) OLTP, database
d) OLTP, data warehouse
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
92) _____ describe the activities of the business, whereas _____ categorize(s), aggregate(s), and
evaluate(s) data generated by the organization’s activities.
a) Transaction data, master data

b) Source data, transaction data
c) Operational data, master data
d) Master data, source data
e) Business dimensional data, databases
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
93) The Isle of Capri Casinos developed a data warehouse to ________________.

a) Enhance its knowledge of its customers
b) Target its promotions more precisely
c) Adjust the floor in each casino to optimize revenue and profit
d) All of the above
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
94) Refer to IT’s About Business – Isle of Capri Casinos. Capri Casinos decided it needed a data
warehouse for all of the following reasons except:
a) To process transactions faster.

b) To provide a complete view of the customer.
c) To enhance its marketing campaigns
d) To provide business users access to business-wide data.
e) To determine where to place its slot machines.
Answer: a
Section Reference: IT’s About Business: 5.3 The Data Warehouse at the Isle of Capri Casinos
Difficulty: Hard
95) _____ is a process that helps organizations identify, select, organize, disseminate, transfer, and
apply expertise that are part of the organization’s memory and typically reside inside the organization in
an unstructured manner.
a) Discovery
b) Knowledge management
c) Decision support
d) Online analytical processing
e) Data mining
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
96) _____ can be exercised to solve a problem, whereas _____ may or may not be able to be exercised
to solve a problem.
a) Knowledge, information
b) Data, information
c) Information, data
d) Information, knowledge
e) Data, knowledge
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
97) Explicit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?
a) Objective
b) Personal
c) Slow
d) Costly to transfer
e) Ambiguous
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
98) _____________ knowledge can be easily documented.
a) Complete
b) Explicit
c) Tacit
d) Intellectual
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
99) Tacit knowledge has which of the following characteristics?
a) Codified
b) Objective
c) Unstructured
d) Rational
e) Technical
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
100) ____________ knowledge is imprecise and costly to transfer.
a) Complete
b) Explicit
c) Tacit
d) Intellectual
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
101) Historically, management information systems have focused on capturing, storing, managing, and
reporting _____ knowledge.
a) Tacit
b) Explicit
c) Managerial
d) Geographical
e) Cultural
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
102) The most important benefit of knowledge management systems is:
a) They improve customer service.

b) They make best practices available to employees.
c) They enable the organization to retain scarce knowledge when employees retire.
d) They improve employee morale.
e) They make product development more efficient.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
103) Which of the following is a challenge for developing a knowledge management system?
a) Employees must be willing to share their explicit knowledge.

b) It must be continually maintained and updated.
c) It makes human capital widely accessible.
d) All of the above are challenges
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
104) Discuss why decisions concerning data structure have a broader impact than decisions concerning
hardware and software.
Difficulty: Medium
105) Discuss the difficulties involved in managing data.

Title: Assessment Question 3.105

Difficulty: Medium
106) Define each element of the data hierarchy, in order from smallest to largest.
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
107) Discuss the advantages of the database approach.
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
3.108) Describe entity-relationship modeling.
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
109) Describe the relational database model.
databases.
Difficulty: Medium
110) Describe the characteristics of a data warehouse.
Difficulty: Medium
111) What are the advantages of a data mart?
Difficulty: Medium
112) Differentiate between explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Provide examples of each.
Difficulty: Medium
113) Describe the six steps of the knowledge management system cycle.
Difficulty: Medium
114) Describe the various new sources for data, and provide an example of each.

Difficulty: Hard
115) Explain the six problems that can be minimized using the database approach.
diagram.
Difficulty: Medium
116) Identify and explain the advantages of the four characteristics of data warehouses.
Difficulty: Medium
117) Differentiate between master data and transaction data.
Difficulty: Hard
118) Why is data governance so important for organizations?
Difficulty: Hard
Chapter 4
Networks
Question Type: True-False
1) The Internet is a wide area network.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Define the term computer network, and compare and contrast the two major types
of networks.
Section Reference: 4.1 What Is a Computer Network?
Difficulty: Easy
2) Voice and data communications are becoming faster but slightly more expensive.
Answer: False
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
3) A local area network connects two or more communicating devices in a limited geographical area.
Answer: True
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
4) LANs typically contain multiple WANs.
Answer: False
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
5) Network interface cards are special adapters that link an individual device to the communications
medium on a local area network.
Answer: True
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
6) The network interface card typically houses the LAN’s network operating system.
Answer: False
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
7) Wide-area networks have a large capacity, and they typically use a single communications channel.
Answer: False
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
8) Digital signals are discrete pulses that are either on or off.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Describe the differences among the three types of wireline communications media,
and discuss the main advantages and disadvantages of each type.
Section Reference: 4.2 Network Fundamentals
Difficulty: Easy
9) Digital signals are continuous waves that transmit information by altering the characteristics of the
waves.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
10) Peer-to-peer processing means each computer acts as both a client and a server.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
11) Digital signals have two parameters: frequency and amplitude.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
12) The U.S. public telephone system was designed as an analog network to carry voice signals.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
13) Ethernet is a common LAN protocol.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
14) Cable media use wires or cables to transmit data and information.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
15) Twisted-pair wire is the least-used form of communications wiring.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
16) Cladding is the coating that surrounds fiber-optic cables and prevents light from leaking out of the
fiber.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
17) Systems that use digital subscriber lines (DSL) do not require modems.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
18) Currently, ATM networks operate only on fiber-optic cable.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
19) IPv6 allows devices to more quickly connect to the Internet than IPv4.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web, and describe the most
common methods for accessing the Internet.
Section Reference: 4.3 The Internet and the World Wide Web
Difficulty: Medium
20) The World Wide Web is synonymous with the Internet.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
21) The Internet is a global network of computer networks.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
22) An intranet is a network that uses Internet technologies and is designed to serve the information
needs of a single organization.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
23) Intranets support discovery, communication, and collaboration inside an organization.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
24) An extranet is a network that uses Internet technologies and is designed to serve the information
needs of a single organization.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
25) Extranets offer limited accessibility to the intranets of participating companies.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
26) An Internet service provider is a company that offers Internet connections for a fee.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
27) Internet kiosks are computer terminals located in public places like libraries and airports.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
28) A domain name is the official name assigned to an Internet site, consisting of multiple parts,
separated by dots, which are translated from right to left in locating the site.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
29) The rightmost part of an Internet name is the top-level specification, or the zone.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
30) The World Wide Web is a system with universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving,
formatting, and displaying information via a client/server architecture.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
31) Uniform resource locators (URLs) point to the address of a specific resource or site on the Web.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
32) Uniform resource locators (URLs) are software applications through which users access the Web.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
33) The hypertext transport protocol (HTTP) is the communications standard used to transfer pages
across the World Wide Web portion of the Internet.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
34) A major problem of the discovery applications of networks is the huge amount of information
available.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Identify six major categories of network applications, provide an example of each
one, and explain how that application supports business functions.
Section Reference: 4.4 Internet Network Applications
Difficulty: Easy
35) VoIP converts analog signals to digital ones.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
36) Metasearch engines search several engines at once and integrate the findings of the various search
engines.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
37) The quality of automatic translation of Web pages is usually just as good as human translation.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
38) Commercial portals are intended for broad audiences and offer fairly routine content.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
39) Crowdsourcing refers to outsourcing a task to an undefined, generally large group of people in the
form of an open call.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
40) Industry-wide portals are intended for broad audiences and offer fairly routine content.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
41) Electronic mail is the largest-volume application running over the Internet.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
42) With Voice-over-IP, every call opens up a dedicated circuit for the duration of the call.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
43) E-learning is conducted only in virtual classrooms, where all coursework is completed online.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
44) Virtual universities are online universities from which students take classes from home or at an off-
site location, via the Internet.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
45) Employees who telecommute have generally found that the experience enhances their careers.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
46) Qwiki produces a real-time search result in multimedia form.
Answer: True
Section: IT’s About Business: Informative Videos on the Fly
Difficulty: Easy

47) Which of the following is NOT a reason networks are essential?
a) They offer a company flexibility.

b) They allow companies to share resources.
c) Computers typically work in isolation.
d) Employees are geographically dispersed.
Answer: c
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
48) _____ refers to the range of frequencies available in any communications channel.
a) Protocol
b) Broadband
c) Capacity
d) Narrowband
e) Bandwidth
Answer: e
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
49) ______________ refers to the transmission capacity of a network.
a) Bandwidth
b) Bandlength
c) Broadband
d) Narrowband
Answer: a
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
50) Which of the following are advantages of computer networks?
a) They enable organizations to be more flexible.

b) They enable companies to share hardware, computer applications, and data.
c) They enable geographically dispersed employees to work together.
d) They provide a critical link between businesses and their customers.
e) All of these
Answer: e
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
51) Every device in the ________ has a NIC that allows the device to physically connect to the network’s
communication medium.
a) LAN
b) MAN
c) PAN
d) WAN
Answer: a
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
52) The components of a local area network include which of the following?
a) File server
b) Client computers
c) Wireline or wireless communications media
d) Network interface cards
e) All of these
Answer: e
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
53) Which of the following is not a component of a local area network?
a) File server
b) Client computers
c) Bridge
d) Network interface cards
e) All of these
Answer: c
of networks.
Difficulty: Medium
54) From largest to smallest, what is the correct order for the types of networks?
a) WAN, MAN, PAN, LAN

b) MAN, WAN, LAN, PAN
c) WAN, MAN, LAN, PAN
d) MAN, WAN, PAN, LAN
Answer: c
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
55) A _____ connects dissimilar networks.
a) Router
b) Network interface card
c) Bridge
d) Gateway
e) File server
Answer: d
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
56) A(n) _____ connects two or more devices in a limited geographical area.
a) Local area network

b) Wide-area network
c) Personal area network
d) Enterprise network
e) Value added network
Answer: a
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
57) _____________ usually spans a city.
a) LAN
b) MAN
c) PAN
d) WAN
Answer: b
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
58) A _____ sends messages through several connected LANs or to a wide-area network.
a) Router
c) Bridge
d) Gateway
e) File server
Answer: a
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
59) A _____ allows a device to physically connect to a local area network’s communications medium.
a) File server
c) Network operating system
d) Communications channel
e) Gateway
Answer: b
of networks.
Difficulty: Easy
60) All of the following statements concerning wide-area networks are true except:
a) They are provided by individual companies.

b) They have large capacity.
c) They cover large geographical areas.
d) They combine multiple communications channels.
e) The Internet is an example of a wide-area network.
Answer: a
of networks.
Difficulty: Medium
61) Gal runs a music store. He has a desktop computer in the back room that acts as a server. He has a
point-of-sale terminal that connects to the desktop. He also has a notebook (using in-store wireless
access to the Internet) that can be carried around the store to look up current items in stock, or to
search for items from one of his suppliers for special orders. Which type of network does Gal have?
a) Client-server
b) Mainframe-based
c) LAN
d) WAN
e) Peer-to-peer
Answer: c
of networks.
Difficulty: Medium
62) Some modems convert ________ to __________, which is called __________.
a) analog, digital, modulation

b) digital, analog, demodulation
c) analog, numbers, demodulation
d) digital, analog, modulation
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
63) The function of _____ is to convert digital signals to analog signals and vice-versa.
a) Modems
b) Multiplexers
c) Front-end processors
d) Servers
e) Clients
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
64) __________ operates on the same lines as telephones, and the Internet is always available.
a) Cable
b) Dial-up
c) DSL
d) Satellite
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
65) _____ signals convey information in wave form, whereas _____ signals convey information in binary
form.
a) Analog, packet
b) Analog, digital
c) Digital, packet
d) Digital, analog
e) Packet, analog
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
66) __________ is the most prevalent form of communications wiring.
a) Coaxial cable
b) Fiber-optic cables
c) Twisted-pair wire
Wireless
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
67) _____ are hardware devices that support data transmission and reception across a
telecommunications system.
a) Integrated services digital networks

b) Digital subscriber lines
c) Communications channels
d) Integrated circuits
e) Communications processors
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
68) Which of the following is not a communications channel?

a) Fiber-optic cable
b) Satellite transmission
c) Twisted-pair wire
d) Integrated circuits
e) Cellular radio
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
69) Which of the following is a disadvantage of twisted-pair wire?
a) Availability
b) Cost
c) Flexibility
d) Speed
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
70) Which of the following is not a characteristic of twisted-pair wire?
a) Inexpensive
b) Easy to work with
c) Subject to interference from other electrical sources
d) Secure transmissions
e) None of these
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
71) Which of the following is an advantage of coaxial cable?

a) Cost
b) Flexibility
c) Security
d) All of the above are advantages
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
72) The cable medium with the highest bandwidth is:
a) Twisted-pair wire
b) Coaxial cable
c) Fiber-optic cable
d) Cellular radio
e) Copper cable
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
73) Data are sent through a fiber-optic cable by a(n) _______.
a) Optical switch
b) Electromagnetic switch
c) Laser
d) Multiplexer
e) Optical modem
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
74) _____________ is a data transmission technology that uses packet switching and allows for almost
unlimited bandwidth on demand.
a) Asynchronous Transfer Mode

b) Digital Subscriber Line

c) Synchronous Optical Network
d) T-Carrier System
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
75) Which data transmission technology requires fiber-optic cable, can transmit up to 2.5 gigabits per
second, and is more expensive than DSL?
a) Digital subscriber line

b) Asynchronous transfer mode
c) Synchronous optical network
d) T-carrier system
e) ISDN
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
76) Which transmission technology is an interface standard for transporting digital signals over fiber-
optic lines that enables the integration of transmissions from multiple vendors?

d) T-carrier system
e) ISDN
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
77) The _______________ layer of TCP/IP provides the addressing, routing, and packaging of data
packets.
a) Application
b) Internet
c) Network interface
d) Transport
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
78) Which of the following is a digital transmission system that defines circuits that operate at different
rates, all of which are multiples of the basic 64 Kbps used to transport a single voice call?

d) T-carrier system
e) ISDN
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
79) In order to ensure that computers developed by different manufacturers can communicate, _____
have been developed.
a) Protocols
b) Client/server architectures
c) WANs
d) Application software packages
e) Developmental architectures
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
80) A protocol is:
a) A device that handles the switching of voice and data in a local area network.
b) A standard set of rules and procedures for the control of communications in a network.
c) A communications service for the connection of devices in a local area network.
d) The main communications channel in a wide-area network.
e) Synonymous with network interface card.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
81) The __________ type of peer-to-peer processing is real-time, person-to-person collaboration.
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) fourth
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
82) The part of a network that handles the major traffic is the ________.
a) Front end
b) Network interface
c) Multiplexer
d) Backbone
e) Front end processor
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
83) Which of the following enables users to send data across sometimes unreliable networks?
a) Ethernet
b) TCP/IP
c) Protocols
d) Digital subscriber lines
e) Integrated services digital network
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
84) In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for:
a) Disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.

b) Establishing the Internet connection between two computers.
c) Moving packets over the network.
d) Sequencing the transfer of packets across the network.
e) Error checking.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
85) Which of the following statements concerning packet switching is not true?
a) Packets contain a sequence number.

b) Packets are routed through different paths.
c) Packets require dedicated circuits.
d) Packets use TCP/IP to carry their data.
e) Packets contain destination addressing.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
86) A type of processing that links two or more computers in an arrangement in which some machines
provide computing services for user computers is best described as _______.
a) Open systems
b) Client/server
c) Peer-to-peer
d) Centralized
e) Mainframe-centric
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
87) BitTorrent uses a process called _____, which eliminates file-sharing bottlenecks by having everyone
share little pieces of a file at the same time.
a) Leeching
b) Collaboration
c) Packet switching
d) Torrents
e) Swarming
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
search for items from one of his suppliers for special orders. Which type of media does he likely use to
connect the point-of-sale terminal to the desktop?
a) Twisted-pair wire
b) Coaxial cable
c) Fiber-optic cable
d) Cellular radio
e) Copper cable
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
search for items from one of his suppliers for special orders. Which of the following statements is true?
a) Gal must have a Web site in order to use his notebook.

b) The notebook is on the same network as the point-of-sale terminal.
c) Gal must have an ISP in order to access the Internet from his notebook.
d) The notebook will work only when the desktop computer is turned on.
e) All of these are true
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
90) An ______________ is a restricted network within a company.
a) extranet
b) internet
c) intranet
d) insidenet
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
91) The _____ is a global wide-area network that connects approximately 1 million organizational
computer networks.
a) Ethernet
b) Extranet
c) Internet
d) Intranet
e) World Wide Web
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
92) A ______________ allows companies to establish a direct, secure, private network link to their
internal systems.
a) PAN
b) DSL
c) UPS
d) VPN
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
93) A(n) _____ is a network designed to serve the internal informational needs of a single organization.
a) Global network
b) Extranet
c) Internet
d) Intranet
e) World Wide Web
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
94) A ______________ offers limited accessibility inside the organization.
a) extranet
b) internet
c) intranet
d) insidenet
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
95) A(n) _____ connects parts of the intranets of different organizations and allows secure
communications among business partners.
a) Global network
b) Extranet
c) Internet
d) Intranet
e) World Wide Web
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
96) Internet service providers connect to one another through _____.
a) Internet connection points

b) Common carrier connection points
c) Network access points
d) Network connection points
e) An extranet
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
97) Domain names are read from __________ to __________.
a) bottom, top
b) top, bottom
c) left, right
d) right, left
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
98) _____ are Internet access points that are located in public places, such as libraries and airports.
a) Clients
b) Servers
c) Internet access computers
d) Network computer
e) Internet kiosks
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
99) Each site on the Internet gets an assigned address, which is a(n) _____.
a) TCP address
b) IP address
c) URL address
d) ISO/OSI identifier
e) World Wide Web address
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
100) What is NOT something browser companies focus on to gain competitive advantage.
a) Security
b) Download speeds
c) Add-ons
d) Cloud computing
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
101) Consider this domain name, www.business.gsu.edu. The “edu” is the _______.
a) Top-level domain
b) URL
c) Web site locator
d) Name of the computer
e) Address of the Webmaster
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
102) Consider this domain name, www.business.gsu.edu. The “gsu” is the __________.
a) Top-level domain
b) Name of the organization
c) URL
d) Name of the specific computer
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
103) Internet Explorer’s first browser battle was with ___________.
a) Apple Safari
b) Google Chrome
c) Mozilla Firefox
d) Netscape Navigator
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
104) Consider this domain name, www.business.gsu.edu. The “business” is the ________.
a) Top-level domain
b) Name of the organization
c) URL
d) Name of the specific computer
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
105) Applications offered by the Internet2 include which of the following?
a) remote diagnosis
b) digital libraries
c) distance education
d) virtual laboratories
e) all of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
106) A _____________ portal supports communities such as hobby groups or political parties.
a) affinity
b) commercial
c) corporate
d) industrywide
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
107) A ___________ portal is the most popular portal on the Internet.
a) affinity
b) commercial
c) corporate
d) industrywide
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
108) Networks enable which of the following applications?
a) Discovery
b) Communications
c) Collaboration
d) Web services
e) All of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
109) Which of the following are advantages of computer networks?
a) They enable organizations to be more flexible.

b) They enable companies to share hardware, computer applications, and data.
c) They enable geographically dispersed employees to work together.
d) They provide a critical link between businesses and their customers.
e) All of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
110) Which network application(s) enable(s) users to access information located in databases all over
the world?
a) Discovery
b) Communications
c) Collaboration
d) Web services
e) None of these
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
111) ___________ is(are) the largest-volume application running on the Internet.
a) E-mail
b) Chat rooms
c) FTP
d) The World Wide Web
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
112) Which of the following statements about publication of material in foreign languages is not
correct?
a) It is a competitive necessity.
b) It must be accurate.
c) It is expensive.
d) Content must be localized to the needs of people in local markets.
e) It is not yet a major consideration for most companies.
Answer: e
Learning Objective: 4.4 Identify six major categories of network applications, provide an example of each
Difficulty: Medium
113) ___________ is(are) the latest version of videoconferencing.
a) Real-time collaboration
b) Teleconferencing
c) Telepresence systems
d) Web conferencing
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
114) _____ portals offer content for diverse communities and are intended for broad audiences.
a) Industrywide
b) Personal
c) Affinity
d) Corporate
e) Commercial
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
115) _____ portals support communities such as hobby groups or political parties.
a) Industrywide
b) Personal
c) Affinity
d) Corporate
e) Commercial
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
116) Which of the following is a drawback of e-learning?
a) Equipment needs
b) Flexibility
c) Time to learn
d) Training costs
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
117) _____ portals coordinate content within relatively narrow organizational and partners’
communities.
a) Publishing
b) Personal
c) Affinity
d) Corporate
e) Commercial
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
118) Many organizations have implemented corporate portals for which of the following reasons?
a) To cut costs
b) To free up time for busy managers
c) To improve profitability
d) To offer customers self-service opportunities
e) All of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
119) Which of the following is a benefit of telecommuting for employees?
a) Productivity
b) Retention
c) Stress-levels
d) Visibility
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
120) Portals are an example of which network application?
a) Discovery
b) Collaboration
c) Communications
d) Web services
e) None of these
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
121) With _____, every call opens up a dedicated circuit for the duration of the call.
a) Voice over IP
b) Plain old telephone service
c) Chat rooms
d) Teleconference
e) Internet relay chat
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
122) Which of the following is a disadvantage of telecommuting for employers?
a) Isolation
b) Promotion
c) Supervision
d) Visibility
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
123) With _____, phone calls are treated as just another kind of data.
a) Voice over IP
b) Plain old telephone service
c) Chat rooms
d) Teleconference
e) Internet relay chat
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
124) Skype is an example of _______.
a) Teleconference
b) Telepresence
c) Plain old telephone service
d) Voice over IP
e) Videoconference
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
125) Workflow, groupware, and telepresence systems are examples of which network application?
a) Discovery
b) Communications
c) Collaboration
d) Web services
e) None of these
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
126) The newest type of videoconferencing technology is ________.
a) Teleconferencing
b) Telepresence
c) Work group analysis software
d) Workflow software
e) Groupware
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
127) In a _____ system, participants are able to seamlessly and electronically share data, voice, images,
graphics, and animation.
a) Teleconference
b) Group decision support
c) Telepresence
d) Telephone conference call
e) Crowdsourcing
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
128) The benefits of e-learning include which of the following?
a) Increased content retention

b) Current, high-quality content
c) Consistency
d) Flexibility
e) All of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
129) Which of the following is not a disadvantage of telecommuting for employees?
a) Fewer opportunities for housebound people

b) Possible loss of fringe benefits
c) Lower pay (in some cases)
d) No workplace visibility
e) Slower promotions
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
130) Refer to Opening Case – The Network Neutrality Wars: Which of the following is not a challenge for
achieving net neutrality?
a) The amount of video traffic on the Internet is increasing.

b) Under current models, the investment required to meet future demand exceeds projected revenue
growth.
c) Net neutrality might hinder U.S. competitiveness.
d) Network providers could censor certain content by slowing down or blocking access.
e) Telecommunications and cable companies are in favor of net neutrality.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
131) Which of the following is NOT a goal of Qwiki?
a) To turn information into an experience

b) To personalize their page to every user
c) To create a superior a video experience
d) All of the above are goals of Qwiki
Answer: C
Section: IT’s About Business: Informative Videos on the Fly
Difficulty: Hard
search for items from one of his suppliers for special orders. Which type of network application is being
used when a salesperson is looking up items in stock?
a) Discovery
b) Communications
c) Collaboration
d) Web services
e) None of these
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
search for items from one of his suppliers for special orders. The Web site for the store is
www.GalsTunes.net. Which of the following is true?
a) Gal must be hosting his Web site on his own desktop computer based on its URL.
b) The point-of-sale terminal cannot connect to the Internet.
c) Gal must not be selling on his Web site because the top-level domain is “net” and not “com.”
d) The desktop computer must also be able to connect to the Internet in order for the notebook to
access data from it.
e) All of these are true.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
134) Differentiate between analog signals and digital signals.
Difficulty: Medium
135) Describe the various communications processors.
Difficulty: Medium
136) Differentiate among twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable.
Difficulty: Medium
137) Explain what network protocols are and why they are important.
Difficulty: Medium
138) Describe the three basic types of peer-to-peer processing.
Difficulty: Medium
139) Describe the benefits of networks to organizations.
Difficulty: Medium
140) Describe the four network applications.
Difficulty: Medium
141) Describe the various types of portals.
Difficulty: Medium
142) What are the benefits and limitations of telecommuting? For individuals? For organizations?
Difficulty: Medium
Question Type: Essay Questions

143) What does the following statement mean: “Without networks, the computer on your desk would
be merely another productivity tool, just like the typewriter once was”?
Learning Objective: Summarize the fundamental concepts and skills related to computer networks.
Section Reference: Chapter 6
Difficulty: Hard
144) Differentiate among local area networks, wide-area networks, and value-added networks.
of networks.
Difficulty: Medium
145) Describe the functions of the TCP/IP protocol.
Difficulty: Medium
146) Differentiate between client/server computing and peer-to-peer processing.
Difficulty: Medium
147) What are the implications of telepresence systems? Include in your answer the uncertain safety in
many parts of the world.
Difficulty: Hard
148) Discuss the advantages of voice over IP for organizations.
Difficulty: Hard
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Chapter 5
E-business and E-commerce
1) In traditional commerce, one or more of the following can be digital: the product or service, the process, and
the delivery agent.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Describe the six common types of electronic commerce; provide specific personal examples
of how you have used or could use B2C, C2C, G2C, and mobile commerce; and offer a specific example of B2B
and G2B.
Section Reference: 5.1 Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
Difficulty: Easy
2) You decide to start a landscaping business called Trim Grass. You type www.TrimGrass.com in a Web browser,
and no page with that name appears. The domain name is therefore available.
Answer: False
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
3) Visiting the Web site of a car manufacturer (e.g., www.gm.com), entering the specifications for the car you
want, and then picking up your car at your local dealership is an example of partial electronic commerce.
Answer: True
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
4) It is possible to “watch” vending machines over the Internet.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Provide a real-world application of e-business and e-commerce.

Section Reference: IT’s About Business: Vending Goes Online
Difficulty: Easy
5) E-commerce is a broader definition of e-business.
Answer: False
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
6) eBay is a good example of business-to-consumer electronic commerce.
Answer: False
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
7) Forward auctions are auctions that sellers use as a channel to many potential buyers.
Answer: True
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
8) In a forward auction, the highest bid wins.
Answer: True
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy

9) You decide to start a landscaping business called Trim Grass. One of your services will be to perform fertilizer
treatments. You will need to buy a great deal of fertilizer for your many clients. You can use all of the following
methods to purchase the fertilizer except:
a) Forward auction
b) Reverse auction
c) Name your Own Price
d) Electronic Marketplace
e) Multichanneling
Answer: e
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
10) You decide to start a landscaping business called Trim Grass. You created a Web site, but it doesn’t seem to
be attracting any clients. So, you decide to explore advertising on the Web. Which of the following advertising
methods probably would not be beneficial?
a) Banner ads
b) Pop-up or pop-under ads
c) Spamming
d) Permission marketing
e) Viral marketing
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
11) You decide to start a landscaping business called Trim Grass. Some of your residential clients would like to
pay their bills online. Which of the following methods will not be appropriate for this type of payment?
a) Electronic checks
b) Electronic credit cards
c) Purchasing cards
d) Person-to-person payments
e) Stored–value money cards
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
12) You decide to start a landscaping business called Trim Grass. You expect to use the Web to help clients find
you and communicate with you. You will mow lands, clean flower beds, and pick up leaves in the fall. You will
send your clients monthly bills. Which of the following is true?
a) Trim Grass is using an e-commerce model.

b) Trim Grass is using an e-business model.
c) Trim Grass is using a forward auction.
d) Trim Grass is an electronic marketplace.
e) Trim Grass needs to worry about channel conflict.
Answer: b
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
13) You have been running a landscaping business called Trim Grass for about two years. You have developed a
special blend of grass seed for your area that you use when you reseed your clients’ lawns. You are receiving e-
mails via your Web site from people who would like to purchase some. You decide to start selling seed online,
and you hire someone to rebuild your Web site. Which of the following statements is not true?
a) Trim Grass is now multichanneling.

b) Trim Grass needs to think about how to ship the seed.
c) Trim Grass will have to collect sales tax from all sales.
d) Trim Grass will have more expenses.
e) Trim Grass will need to consider different advertising methods.
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Hard
14) Even though B2C EC is much larger by volume, B2B is more complex.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Discuss the five online services of business-to-consumer electronic commerce, provide a
specific example of each service, and state how you have used or would use each service.
Section Reference: 5.2 Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Electronic Commerce
Difficulty: Easy
15) An electronic storefront is a Web site on the Internet that represents a single store.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
16) You can make a purchase in a referral mall.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
17) Selling products such as books and computers on the Internet may reduce vendors’ selling costs by 20 to 40
percent, with further reductions being difficult because the products must be delivered physically.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
18) A virtual bank involves conducting banking activities from home, a place of business, or on the road in
addition to a physical bank location.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
19) It is more difficult but possible to sell luxury goods online.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
20) Virtual banks are those banks that are dedicated only to Internet transactions.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
21) Channel conflict occurs when click-and-mortar companies have problems with their regular distributors
when they sell directly to customers online.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
22) Internet advertising is impersonal, one-way mass communication.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
23) Electronic malls are collections of individual shops under a single Internet address.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
24) Banners are the most common form of advertisement on the Internet.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
25) Hacking is the indiscriminate distribution of electronic ads without permission of the receiver.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
26) Business-to-consumer applications comprise the majority of electronic commerce volume.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
27) Channel conflict occurs when manufacturers disintermediate their channel partners by selling their products
directly to consumers.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
28) The key mechanisms in the sell-side marketplace are customized electronic catalogs and reverse auctions.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: Describe the three business models for business-to-business electronic commerce, and
provide a specific example of each model.
Section Reference: 5.3 Business-to-Business (B2B) Electronic Commerce
Difficulty: Easy
29) Forward auctions are the major method used in buy-side marketplaces.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
30) The buy-side marketplace is similar to the business-to-consumer model.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
31) When multiple buyers combine their orders so that they constitute a large volume and therefore attract
more seller attention, it is called group purchasing.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
32) Horizontal exchanges connect buyers and sellers across many industries.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
33) In most cases, traditional payment systems are not effective for electronic commerce.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Describe the four types of electronic payments, provide a specific example of each one, and
explain whether you would use each type.
Section Reference: 5.4 Electronic Payments
Difficulty: Easy
34) Stored-value money cards allow you to store a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it as
necessary.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
35) Smart cards can be used as credit cards, debit cards, and/or loyalty cards.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
36) Purchasing cards and electronic credit cards are equivalent.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
37) Each buyer needs only one e-wallet for all merchants.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
38) Cybersquatting is illegal.
Answer: True

Difficulty: Medium
39) Selling luxury items online is as easy as selling books and DVDs.
Answer: False
Section Reference: IT’s About Business: 5.3 Luxury Goods Turn to E-Commerce
Difficulty: Easy
40) Domain tasting is a practice of registrants using the five-day “grace period” at the beginning of a domain
registration to profit from pay-per-click advertising.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: Illustrate the ethical and legal issues relating to electronic commerce with two specific
examples of each issue, and describe how you would respond or react to the four examples you have provided.
Section Reference: 5.5 Ethical and Legal Issues in E-Business
Difficulty: Medium
41) Treat America used _____________ to report on their vending machines.
a) e-business
b) e-commerce
c) the police
d) their service team
Answer: a

Section: IT’s About Business: Vending Goes Online
Difficulty: Easy
42) _____, which is a broader concept than _____, is the buying and selling of goods and services, as well as
servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and performing transactions within an organization.
a) Business-to-business electronic commerce, business-to-customer electronic commerce

b) Electronic commerce, electronic business
c) Business-to-customer electronic commerce, business-to-business electronic commerce
d) Business-to-business electronic commerce, intrabusiness electronic commerce
e) Electronic business, electronic commerce
Answer: e
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
43) ____________ organizations have a limited geographical reach.
a) Brick-and-mortar
b) Business-to-consumer
c) Click-and-mortar
d) Virtual
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
44) The degree of digitization relates to all of the following except:
a) The product or service sold

b) The process by which the product is produced
c) The delivery agent or intermediary
d) The size of e-commerce transactions
e) None of these
Answer: d
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
45) In _______ e-commerce, the sellers and buyers are organizations.
a) government-to-citizen
b) consumer-to-consumer
c) business-to-business
d) business-to-consumer
e) consumer-to-business
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
46) In ________ e-commerce, an organization provides information and services to its workers.
a) business-to-employee
c) consumer-to-business
e) government-to-business
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
47) Which of the following is a disadvantage of click-and-mortar organizations?
a) Limited geographical reach

b) Added complexity combining two different environments
c) Customers uncomfortable with online transactions
d) No face-to-face interaction with customers
Answer: b
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
48) __________ represents the vast majority of e-commerce.
a) B2B
b) B2C
c) C2C
d) G2C
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
49) In a reverse auction, the __________ bidder wins.
a) lowest
b) highest
c) neutral
d) nobody wins since this auction type doesn’t exist
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
50) ___________ marketing encourages receivers to send information about products/services to their friends.
a) Affiliate
b) Electronic
c) Group
d) Viral
Answer: d
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
51) Which of the following is a benefit of e-commerce to customers?
a) Makes national and international markets more accessible.

b) Lowering costs of processing, distributing, and retrieving information.
c) Access a vast number of products and services around the clock.
d) Ability to easily and conveniently deliver information, services, and products to people in cities, rural areas,
and developing countries.
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
52) Direct payment of Social Security benefits is an example of ______ e-commerce.
a) government-to-citizen
c) consumer-to-business
e) business-to-business
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
53) If you are an worker managing your fringe benefits over your company’s intranet, you are engaging in
_________ e-commerce.
a) business-to-business
b) business-to-consumer
c) consumer-to-consumer
d) business-to-employee
e) government-to-citizen
Answer: d
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
54) Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between electronic commerce and search is
not correct?
a) Purchases often follow successful online searches.

b) Shopping carts are often abandoned after unsuccessful online searches.
c) Retailers will provide fewer product details to avoid information overload for customers.
d) Customers will be able to find the closest store offering the product that they want.
e) Customers will have more relevant product information in the near future.
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
55) In _____ auctions, there is one buyer who wants to buy a product. Suppliers submit bids, and the lowest bid
wins.
a) forward
b) static
c) reverse
d) physical
e) simple
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
56) eBay uses a _____ auction.
a) forward
b) static
c) reverse
d) physical
e) simple
Answer: a
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
57) _____ auctions employ a request for quotation.
a) Forward
b) Static
c) Reverse
d) Physical
e) Simple
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
58) _____ auctions are the most common auction model for large purchases.
a) Forward
b) Static
c) Reverse
d) Physical
e) Simple
Answer: c
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
59) In which of the following business models do businesses request quotes from suppliers and use B2B with a
reverse auction mechanism?
a) Find-the-best-price
b) Electronic tendering system
c) Name-your-own-price
d) Online direct marketing
e) Affiliate marketing
Answer: b
and G2B.
Difficulty: Hard
60) A vendor asks its business partners to place logos or banners on their Web sites. If customers click on a logo,
visit the vendor’s site, and make a purchase, then the vendor pays a commission to the partner. This scenario
illustrates which business model?
a) Find-the-best-price
b) Electronic tendering system
c) Name-your-own-price
d) Online direct marketing
e) Affiliate marketing
Answer: e
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
61) Which type of electronic commerce is the largest by volume?
a) Business-to-employee
b) Consumer-to-consumer
c) Business-to-business
d) Business-to-consumer
e) None of these
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
62) ____________ advertising is when the company only pays for measurable results.
a) Brand
b) Click-through
c) Impression-based
d) Performance-based
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
63) Which of the following are luxury shoppers’ requirements that a Web site could not originally provide?
a) Hands-on customer service

b) Guidance on the latest fashions

c) Trying on/looking at the products
d) All of the above are things that couldn’t originally be provided
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
64) Which type of electronic commerce does Amazon practice?
a) Business-to-employee
b) Consumer-to-consumer
c) Consumer- to-business
e) Employee-to-business
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
65) _______ e-commerce is also known as e-tailing.
a) Business-to-business
b) Collaborative commerce
c) Intrabusiness
e) Consumer-to-business
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
66) The advantages of electronic commerce for consumers include all of the following except:
a) You can buy from home 24 hours per day, 7 days per week.
b) You have a wider variety of products to choose from.
c) You typically cannot access additional information, so you do not have information overload.
d) You can easily compare prices and features.
e) You can find unique items.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
67) An electronic storefront represents ____________.
a) the Internet
b) a single store
c) multiple stores
d) a web page
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
68) ____________ is when steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add value to the
business process.
a) Cybermediation
b) Disintermediation
c) Intermediation
d) Reintermediation
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
69) __________ are electronic billboards.
a) Advertisements
b) Banners
c) Pop-up ads
d) Pop-under ads
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
70) Which of the following is not an electronic commerce application?
a) Home banking
b) Buying stocks
c) Evaluating an employee
d) Conducting an auction
e) Buying real estate
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
71) Which of the following is not an advantage of e-tailing?
a) You can buy from home, 24 hours per day.

b) You have only a few products to choose from.
c) You can obtain detailed information on products.
d) You can compare competitors’ products and prices.
e) All of these
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
72) ________ is the process whereby a fully automated electronic commerce transaction eliminates middlemen.
a) Disintegration
b) Supply chain integration
c) Direct sales
d) Disintermediation
e) Value-added services
Answer: d

Difficulty: Medium
73) Cyberbanking offers all of the following advantages except:
a) It is convenient for customers.

b) It saves time for customers.
c) It includes inexpensive transactions for the bank.
d) It can help recruit remote customers.
e) It is more expensive for the customer.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
74) Which of the following is a problem that e-commerce can cause for the airline industry?
a) Too many fares

b) Mistakes in fares
c) Too few fares
d) No fares offered on certain routes
e) Too many fares offered on certain routes
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
75) Treat America turned to E-business for all of the following reasons except:
a) The company needed to capture extensive data from each vending machine.
b) The company wanted a competitive advantage over competitors that simply raised prices.
c) The company’s vending machines are unmanned.
d) Gas prices are increasing.
e) The company’s vending machines are open beyond “normal” business hours.
Answer: a

Section Reference: IT’s About Small Business: 5.2 Vending Goes Online
Difficulty: Easy
76) Difficulties in order fulfillment are most closely associated with which type of electronic commerce?
a) Business-to-business
b) Business-to-consumer
c) Government-to-citizen
d) Business-to-employee
e) Mobile commerce
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
77) Internet advertising improves on traditional advertising in all of the following ways except:
a) Internet ads can be updated at any time at minimal cost.

b) Internet ads can reach large numbers of potential buyers all over the world.
c) Internet ads are always more effective than other types of advertising.
d) Internet ads can make effective use of multimedia.
e) Internet ads are current.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
78) A _____ is automatically launched by some trigger and appears behind the active window.
a) keyword banner
b) random banner
c) pop-up ad
d) pop-under ad
e) text box
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
79) _____ offer(s) consumers incentives to accept advertising and e-mail voluntarily.
a) Viral marketing
b) Personalized marketing
c) Permission marketing
d) Paper catalogs
e) Direct mail
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
80) _____ refers to online word-of-mouth marketing.
a) Permission marketing
b) One-to-one marketing
c) Personalized marketing
d) Viral marketing
e) Direct mail
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
81) The _________ marketplace is similar to the B2C model in which the buyer comes to the seller’s site, views
catalogs, and places and order.
a) buy-side
b) sell-side
c) reverse auction
d) e-procurement
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
82) ____________ exchanges connect buyers and sellers in a given industry.
a) Functional
b) Horizontal
c) Mixed
d) Vertical
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
83) ____________ exchanges are used mostly for MRO materials.
a) Functional
b) Horizontal
c) Mixed
d) Vertical
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
84) In the _____ marketplace model, organizations attempt to sell their products or services to other
organizations electronically.
a) buy-side
b) sell-side
c) group purchasing
d) desktop purchasing
e) electronic exchange
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
85) The key mechanisms of the _____ marketplace model are forward auctions and electronic catalogs that can
be customized for each large buyer.
a) buy-side
b) sell-side
c) group purchasing
d) desktop purchasing
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
86) In the _____ marketplace model, EC technology is used to streamline the purchasing process in order to
reduce the cost of items purchased, the administrative cost of procurement, and the purchasing cycle time.
a) buy-side
b) sell-side
c) auctions
d) group purchasing
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
87) In the _____ B2B application, the orders of many buyers are aggregated so that they comprise a large
volume, in order to merit more seller attention.
a) buy-side
b) sell-side
c) auctions
d) group purchasing
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
88) In _____, direct and indirect materials in one industry are purchased on an as-needed basis.
a) horizontal exchanges
b) vertical exchanges
c) buy-side marketplaces
d) functional exchanges
e) sell-side marketplaces
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
89) _____ connect buyers and sellers across many industries and are used mainly for indirect materials.
a) Horizontal exchanges
b) Vertical exchanges
c) Buy-side marketplaces
d) Functional exchanges
e) Sell-side marketplaces
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
90) Purchasing cards are the ___________ equivalent of electronic credit cards.
a) B2B
b) B2C
c) C2C
d) G2C
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
91) _________ is(are) used for unplanned B2B purchases.
a) E-checks
c) Purchasing cards
d) Stored value money cards
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
92) ____________ contain a chip called a microprocessor that can store a considerable amount of information.
a) E-checks
b) Person-to-person payments
c) Smart cards
d) Stored-value money cards
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
93) Which of the following is NOT a form of electronic cash?
a) Person-to-person payments
b) Purchasing cards
c) Smart cards
d) Stored-value money cards
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
94) All of the following are limitations of traditional payment methods in electronic commerce except:
a) Cash cannot be used because there is no face-to-face contact.

b) Paying for goods and services via the mail takes more time.
c) Not all organizations accept credit cards.
d) It is more secure for the buyer to use the telephone than to complete a secure transaction on a computer.
e) None of these
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
95) _____ are a payment mechanism that are similar to regular bank checks but are transmitted electronically,
with a signature in digital form.
c) Electronic cash transactions
d) Electronic wallets
e) Electronic debit cards
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
96) _____ use credit card numbers, transmitted electronically over the Internet, to pay for goods and services.
They are either unencrypted or encrypted, with coded data readable by an intermediary between the buyer’s
and seller’s banks.
c) Electronic cash transactions
d) Electronic wallets
e) Electronic debit cards
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
97) _____ are typically used for unplanned B2B purchases for amounts under $2000.
b) Stored-value money cards
c) Purchasing cards
d) Smart cards
e) Person-to-person payments
Answer: c

Difficulty: Easy
98) ______ are a form of e-cash that enable you to store a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it as
necessary.
c) Purchasing cards
d) Smart cards
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
99) _____ contain a chip that can store information and be used for several purposes.
c) Purchasing cards
d) Smart cards
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
100) _____ enable two individuals to transfer funds without using a credit card.
c) Purchasing cards
d) Smart cards
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
101) _____ are software mechanisms that provide security measures and convenience for electronic commerce
purchasing.
b) Digital wallets
c) Purchasing cards
d) Smart cards
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
102) A _____________ is the right to use but not distribute software .
a) copyright
b) patent
c) intellectual property
d) open source
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
103) Domain tasting is _____________.
a) illegal
b) legal
c) the same as cybersquatting
d) both A and C
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
104) Selling bogus investments and setting up phantom business opportunities are examples of ____________.
a) cybersquatting
b) domain name abuse
c) fraud on the internet
d) internet taxation
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
105) The practice of using similar but not identical domain names is called _____.
a) domain spoofing
b) domain masquerading
c) domain tasting
d) cybersquatting
e) domain fraud
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
106) _____ refers to the practice of registering or using domain names for the purpose of profiting from the
goodwill or trademark belonging to someone else.
a) Domain spoofing
b) Domain masquerading
c) Domain tasting
d) Cybersquatting
e) Domain fraud
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
107) The device that Treat America installed on top of each of their machines communicates the following
pieces of data except:
a) The amount of money in the machine at any given minute.

b) The amount of product inventory remaining.
c) Whether the machine had been moved.
d) The number of customers.
e) Whether the door had been opened after business hours.
Answer: d

Section Reference: IT’s About Small Business: 5.2 Vending Goes Online
Difficulty: Easy
108) Companies use Web sites for all of the following reasons except:
a) To reduce operational and transaction costs.

b) To enhance their reputation.
c) To sell goods and services.
d) To reduce the amount of actual cash they need to deal with.
e) To induce people to visit a physical location.
Answer: d
and G2B.
Difficulty: Easy
109) Which of the following is NOT a reason eBay was unsuccessful when it purchased EachNet?
a) eBay paid too much

b) eBay didn’t give enough power to local executives
c) eBay underestimated the competition from Taobao
d) all of the above are reasons eBay was unsuccessful
Answer: a
Learning Objective: Summarize the fundamental concepts related to e-business and e-commerce.
Section Reference: Case - e-Bay finds it’s a way into China
Difficulty: Medium
110) Differentiate between pure and partial electronic commerce. Provide examples of companies in each
category.
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
111) Discuss the various types of electronic commerce.
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
112) Differentiate between forward and reverse auctions.
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
113) Differentiate among sell-side marketplaces, buy-side marketplaces, and electronic exchanges.
Difficulty: Hard
114) Differentiate between electronic storefronts and electronic malls, and provide examples of each.
Difficulty: Medium
115) Discuss the reasons for E-commerce failures.
Difficulty: Medium
116) Discuss the benefits and limitations of electronic commerce.
and G2B.
Difficulty: Hard
117) Discuss the various business-to-consumer applications (e.g., e-tailing, electronic storefronts, electronic
malls).
Difficulty: Hard
118) Discuss the various methods of online advertising.
Difficulty: Hard
119) Discuss the following electronic commerce business models and give examples of each type: online direct
marketing, electronic tendering system, name-your-own-price, find-the-best-price, affiliate marketing, and viral
marketing.
and G2B.
Difficulty: Medium
120) Describe the various types of electronic payments.
Difficulty: Hard
121) What is domain tasting? Should it be made illegal?
Difficulty: Hard
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may be used only in accordance with the terms of such licence.
The material provided herein may not be downloaded, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
modified, made available on a network, used to create derivative works, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise without the prior
written permission of John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

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Rainer, Information System, Third Canadian Edition Testbank

Question type: True/False

1) Managing the IS function within an organization is the exclusive responsibility of the IS

5) An organization must be large to benefit from IT.

6) An informed user of IT can enhance his or her organization’s competitive position.

8) A systems analyst focuses on determining the information requirements and technical

21) The Supply Chain Management system is an interorganizational information system.

22) An Electronic Commerce (e-Commerce) system is an intraorganizational information system.

24) E-commerce systems are a type of interorganizational information systems.

25) An organization’s IT infrastructure consists of the IT components and IT services.

26) IT personnel use the IT infrastructure to develop information systems.

27) Meaningful knowledge is information and meaningful information is data.

32) IT only positively affects our quality of life.

Question Type: Multiple Choice

33) Which of the following is a benefit of being an informed user of IT?

a) Understanding what is “behind” applications you use in your organization

34) You should seek to be an informed user of IT because ____________.

a) it is easy to understand how IT works

36) What does a systems analyst do?

37) An emerging technologies manager _____.

a) forecasts evaluates new technologies

38) Which of the following statements concerning the complexity of management of

39) _________ is a traditional function of the MIS Department.

a) Managing system integration including the Internet, intranets, and extranets

a) knowledge, information, data

c) data, information, knowledge

Section Reference: 1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems

44) The Software Project Manager is responsible for:

a) Code a new application

c) Design a new application

a) knowledge, information, data

a) Review computer code.

53) An organization’s IT components include all of the following except:

a) information technology architecture

57) IT personnel use _____ to develop _____.

58) The IT infrastructure is comprised of _______ and ________.

59) Which of the following statements is false?

a) An application is a computer program designed to support a specific business process.

60) Enterprise resource planning systems:

a) were designed to process transactions faster.

61) Knowledge workers:

a) handle day-to-day operations within an organization.

62) Office automation systems:

a) support only the clerical staff.

63) ___________ include B2B and B2C.

a) Enterprise resource planning systems

b) Computer-based information systems

64) Which of the following statements is false?

a) IT ultimately decreases the number of managers and experts.

a) IT will create more jobs than it eliminates.

a) The people I manage will likely be dispersed geographically.

a) IT has created employee flexibility.

a) rapid changes in information technology can make products obsolete quickly.

a) Jane could run E-Mealz just as efficiency without technology.

a) someone who moves from office to office.

a) ISIS supports all faculty processes while promoting best practices.

Question Type: Short Answer

73) Differentiate between information systems and information technology.

74) Differentiate among data, information, and knowledge.

75) Differentiate between information technology and information technology infrastructure.

78) How does IT impact the health and safety of employees?

Question Type: Essay

81) Distinguish among the career opportunities that IT offers.

57) IT personnel use _ to develop _.

58) The IT infrastructure is comprised of _ and __.