Current Electricity 101

Current Electricity
1. Figure shows a simple potentiometer circuit for (c) 6 A
measuring a small e.m.f. produced by a (d) 2 A
thermocouple. The meter wire PQ has a
7. A carbon resistor has colour strips as violet, yellow
resistance 5  and the driver cell has an e.m.f. of brown and golden. The resistance is
2 V. If a balance point is obtained 0.600 m along
(a) 641  (b) 741 
PQ when measuring an e.m.f. of 6.00 mV, R what is
2V (c) 704  (d) 407 
the value of resistance R
8. A voltmeter of resistance 1000  is connected
(a) 995  across a resistance of 500  in the given circuit.
0.600 What will be the reading of voltmeter
(b) 1995  P m Q
(a) 1 V 10 V
Thermocoup
(c) 2995  le
G
(b) 2 V
6.00 mV V
(d) None of these (c) 6 V
500 500
2. A car has a fresh battery of e.m.f. 12 V and (d) 4 V
internal resistance of 0.05 . If the starter motor 9. A beam contains 2  108 doubly charged positive
draws a current of 90 A, the terminal voltage when ions per cubic centimeter, all of which are moving
with a speed of 105 m/s. The current density is
the starter is on will be
(a) 6.4 A/m2 (b) 3.2 A/m2
(a) 12 V (b) 10.5 V (c) 1.6 A/m 2
(d) None of these
(c) 8.5 V (d) 7.5 V 10. In the circuit shown, the reading of ammeter when
3. If the balance point is obtained at the 35 cm in a th switch S is open and when switch S is closed
metre bridge the resistances in the left and right respectively are
gaps are in the ratio of (a) 3 A and 4 A 2 S
(a) 7 : 13 (b) 13 : 7 3
(b) 4 A and 5 A A
2
(c) 9 : 11 (d) 11 : 9 (c) 5 A and 6 A
4. Find the equivalent resistance across the terminals 20V
(d) 6 A and 7 A
of source of e.m.f. 24 V for the circuit shown in
figure 10
11. In the circuit as shown in figure the
6
 R
(a) 15  15
 8
(b) 10  0.5A
8 25V 10 10 20
E=24V
(c) 5    
4
(d) 4  (a) Resistance R = 46 
5. In the circuit shown in figure, switch S1 is initially (b) Current through 20  resistance is 0.1 A
closed and S2 is open. Find Va – Vb (c) Potential difference across the middle
1 b 5 resistance is 2 V
(a) 4 V (d) All option are correct
10F
(b) 8 V 12. In figure shows a rectangular block with
S2 dimensions x, 2x and 4x. Electrical contacts can
(c) 12 V 3 3 be made to the block between opposite pairs of
a faces (for example, between the faces labelled A-
(d) 16 V 24 S1 A, B-B and C-C). Between which two faces would
V the maximum electrical resistance be obtained (A-
6. The figure here shows a portion of a circuit. What
A : Top and bottom faces, B-B : Left and right
are the magnitude and direction of the current i in
faces, C-C : Front and rearCfaces)
the lower right-hand wire
1A 4x
(a) 7 A
2A B B
(b) 8 A 2A
2A C x
2x
3A 4A
i
 102 Current Electricity
the effective current through the region greatest
first
(a) A-A (b) B-B –
+
(c) C-C (d) Same for all three 7C/sec 3C/sec +
pairs 4C/sec
(i) (ii)
13. A battery is connected to a uniform resistance wire
AB and B is earthed. Which one of the graphs (a) i = ii = iii = iv (b) i > ii > iii > iv
below shows how the current density J varies
along AB (c) i = ii = iii > iv (d) i = ii = iii < iv
– +
18. A and B are two square plates of same metal and
same thickness but length of B is twice that of A.
A B Ratio of resistances of A and B is
(a) 4 : 1
B
J (b) 1 : 4
(a) (b) J

Zero at (c) 1 : 1
A
all points
0 0 (d) 1 : 2
A B A B
19. A moving coil galvanometer is converted into an
J J
(c) (d) ammeter reading upto 0.03 A by connecting a
shunt of resistance 4r across it and into an
0 0 ammeter reading upto 0.06 A when a shunt of
A B A B
resistance r is connected across it. What is the
14. A cylindrical metal wire of length l and cross
sections area S, has resistance R, conductance G, maximum current which can be sent through this
conductivity  and resistivity . Which one of the galvanometer if no shunt is used
[MP PMT 1996]
following expressions for  is valid
GR R (a) 0.01A (b) 0.02 A
(a) (b)
 G
(c) 0.03 A (d) 0.04 A
GS Rl
(c) (d) 20. Two conductors are made of the same material and
l S
have the same length. Conductor A is a solid wire of
15. A potential divider is used to give outputs of 4 V
and 8 V from a 12 V source. Which combination of diameter 1.0 mm. Conductor B is a hollow tube of
resistances, (R1, R2, R3) gives the correct outside diameter 2.0 mm and inside diameter 1.0
voltages ? R1 : R2 : R3 mm. The resistance ratio RA/RB will be
+12V
(a) 2 : 1 : 2 R3 (a) 1 (b) 2
+8V
(b) 1 : 1 : 1 R2
(c) 3 (d) 4

(c) 2 : 2 : 1 +4V 21. A wire has resistance of 24  is bent in the

R1
(d) 1 : 1 : 2 0 Volt following shape. The effective resistance between
A and B is
16. Find equivalent resistance between A and B 60°
(a) 24 
(a) R R R
R (b) 10  60°
3R A
R 5 B
(b) R 16
4 A R B  cm 10
R R (c)
R 3 cm
R R
(c) R (d) None of these
2 R
R R
22. In the circuit shown in figure, find the current
(d) 2R
through the branch BD
17. Following figure shows four situations in which 6 3
A B C
positive and negative charges moves horizontally (a) 5 A
through a region and gives the rate at which each (b) 0 A 15 V
charge moves. Rank the situations according to 3
30 V
2C/sec
6C/sec
– D
–
+ +
5C/sec 1C/sec
(iii) (iv)
 Current Electricity 103
(c) 3 A (a) 2 rows of 12 cells connected in parallel

(d) 4 A (b) 3 rows of 8 cells connected in parallel

23. A battery of 24 cells, each of emf 1.5 V and (c) 4 rows of 6 cells connected in parallel
internal resistance 2 is to be connected in order (d) All of these
to send the maximum current through a 12 
resistor. The correct arrangement of cells will be

(SET - 19)


1. (a) The voltage per unit light of the metre wire PQ 24
 6.00 mV  Current through 3 resistor 4A
is  3 3
 0.600m  i.e. 10 mV/ m . Hence
 
Let potential of point ‘O’ shown in fig. is VO
potential difference across the metre wire is
10 mV/m 1m  10 mV . The current drawn then using ohm’s law
10 mV VO  Va  3  4  12V
from the driver cell is i   2 mA.
5 ....(i)
The resistance
Now current through 5 resistor
(2V  10mV) 1990mV
R   995 . 24
2 mA 2 mA   4A
51
2. (d) V  E  i.r  12  90 0.05  12 4.5
 7.5 V . So V0  Vb  4  1  4 V
P R R .....(ii)
3. (a) Using Wheatstone principle  
Q S 100 l From equation (i) and (ii)
Vb  Va  12 4  8V.
35 35 7
   6. (b) By using Kirchoff's junction law as shown
100 35 65 13 below.
4. (c) Given circuit can be reduced to a simple circuit
as shown in figures below 1A

Parallel 2A
2A 3A
10 6 6 6 6A
5A 2A

15 3A
4A
 8 
8 4 i=8A
Parallel 7. (b) Using standard colour codes
4 4 Series Violet = 7, yellow = 4, brown = 1 and gold = 5
% (tolerance)

So R  74  101  5%  740 5%

10 10 So its value will be nearest to 741  .

  8. (d) Total current through the circuit
i.e. Req  5 .
5. (b) Switch S2 is open so capacitor is not in 10 3
i  A
circuit. 1000 250
1 b 5  500
3
O
3 3
Now voltmeter reading  iv  RV
a
2 3
   500  4V.
3 250
24
V
 104 Current Electricity
9. (a) 1
and conductance G 
2 108  2 1.6  1019  105 R
J  nqv n(ze)v 
(10 2)3  GR  1 .....(ii)
=6.4A/m2 GR
10. (b) When switch S is open total current through From equation (i) and (ii)  

ammeter.
15. (b) Resistors are connected in series. So current
20 through each resistor will be same
i  4A .
(3  2) 12 8 8  4 4  0
i  
20 R3 R2 R1
When switch is closed i   5A .
3  (2|| 2) 4 4 4
R   
R R3 R2 R1
11. (d) Parallel
0.5 A 0.5 A So, R1 : R2 : R3 :: 1 : 1 : 1 .
25 V
10 10 20 R'  4 R'
16. (c) Given circuit can be redrawn as follows
Neglect
Series
Parallel R R R+R=2R
1 1 1 1 20
    R'   4 A
R/3
R B
R' 10 10 20 5 A B

R
25 R/3
Now using ohm’s law i  Paralle
R  R' R R
l Series
25 Neglec R+R=2R
 0.5  t

R4 2R
25 R 3
 R 4   50  R  50  4  46  R/3
0.5 A B A B

Current through 20 resistor R/3
0.5  5 2.5 R 2R
   0.1A
20  5 25 R 3
Potential difference across middle resistor  Req 
2
= Potential difference across 20
17. (c) For figure (i) i1  7A
 20 0.1  2V
For figure (ii) i2  4  3  7A
12. (c) Let  is the resistivity of the material
For figure (iii) i3  5  2  7A
Resistance for contact A-A
x  For figure (iv) i4  6  1  5 A
RAA   
2x  4x 8x l    2l 
18. (c) RA   and RB   i.e.
Similar for contacts B-B and C-C are lt t 2l  t t
respectively RA
 1:1
2x  4 RB
RBB   .  
x  4x 2x 8x ig S
19. (b)   igG  (i  ig )S
4x 2 16 i GS
and RCC   
x  2x ***
x 8x  i g G  (0.03  i g )4r .....(i)
It is clear maximum resistance will be for
contact C-C. and igG  (0.06  ig )r .....(ii)
13. (d) Wire AB is uniform so current through wire AB From (i) and (ii)
at every across section will be same. Hence
current density J   i / A at every point of the 0.12 4ig  0.06  ig  ig  0.02A .
wire will be same.
l
1 20. (c) For conductor A, RA  ,
14. (a) Conductivity   .....(i) r12

 Current Electricity 105

l
For conductor B, RB 
 (r22  r12)
l

l r2
1 mm

mm
mm
2
r1

1
 

A
B

2 2 2
RA r22  r12  r2  d   2
 2
    1   2   1     1  3
RB r1  r1   d1   1
21. (b) Given resistance of each part will be

12 4
6 6


A 6 6 B A 6 6 B

Req = 10  
A 4 6 B
22. (a) The current in the circuit are assumed as
shown in the fig.
6 i1 B 3 i1 – i2 C
A

15 3 30 V
V
i2

i1 D
Applying KVL along the loop ABDA, we get
– 6i1 – 3 i2 + 15 = 0 or 2i1 + i2 = 5 …..(i)
Applying KVL along the loop BCDB, we get
– 3(i1 – i2) – 30 + 3i2 = 0 or – i1 + 2i2 = 10 …..(ii)
Solving equation (i) and (ii) for i2, we get i2 = 5
A.
23. (a) Suppose m rows are connected in parallel and
each row contains n identical cells (each cell
having E = 15 V and r = 2)
For maximum current in the external
resistance R, the necessary condition is
nr
R
m
n 2
 12   n = 6m ..... (i)
m
Total cells = 24 = n  m ..... (ii)
On solving equations (i) and (ii) n = 12 and m
=2
i.e. 2 rows of 12 cells are connected in parallel.