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ABSTRACT
Airconditioning is an energy-and resource-hungry technology What is the Solution ?
that has become a major contributor to global warming. • Our heritage buildings! They remain comfortable without
any mechanical cooling system,earth tunnels or wind towers.
Zero Impact Structure Cooling or Therm-O-Drain is an
attempt to use thetechniques of our ancestors to reduce or • Our master builders of yore have been using a three pronged
even eliminate the need for airconditioning. technique to achieve thermal comfortusing no energy:
Our heritage buildings, They remain comfortable without any I. Create barriers
mechanical cooling system, earth tunnels or wind towers. II. Build massive structures and use them as thermal
Our master builders have been using a three pronged capacitors.
technique to achieve thermal comfort using no energy: III. Drain out the stored heat.
I.Create barriers • The barriers were trees, verandahs, hollow walls, stone
II.Build massive structures and use them as thermal screens etc.
capacitors
III.Drain out the stored heat • Mass was created by thick walls and high ceilings.
Same results can be achieved by using modern technology. • Drain for the stored heat was provided by water bodies in
Heritage Technique - Modern Technology contact with the plinth and by special plasters that promoted
Real mass - Virtual Mass, being a welded grid of iron pipes radiation to the sky.
filled with water.
Real river - Virtual River,being a cooling tower,circulating • None of these require any energy at all. Still all our heritage
cool water. buildings remain within a comfortable temperature range
throughout the year. They have zero global warming potential
It is possible ,by using the wisdom of our ancestors, to and zero carbon emissions.
maintain the bottom of a bare sun lit concrete slab around
30deg.C without any refrigeration or evaporative cooling
system.
Classic Examples
Since this temperature is about 5degrees below human skin The Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur.
temperature, one feels quite comfortable when standing under
the slab. •Size 205 feet square
•Walls 10 feet thick
PROBLEM •Wall Height 110 ft.
•Total Height 200 ft.
Air conditioning systems use refrigeration to pump heat out •Dome diameter
of conditioned space to achieve thermal comfort. •Outside 144 feet
•Inside 125 feet
Pumping requires energy. To cool a small room, even an •Uninterrupted Area 18337 Sq. ft
efficient air conditioner would use one kilowatt of electricity.
To supply this unit, the power plant would have to burn four
kW equivalent units of primary energy such as oil or coal
etc., due to inefficiencies and losses.
Thus ten units of primary energy are used for running an air
conditioner using one kW.
Initial Natural Cooling System FINISHED ROOF & HEAT REJECTION UNIT
THERM-O-DRAIN
OPERATION
Step 2
Step 3
This chart shows the temperature variation between tank
water and return water from the radiator.
There is a 5 deg
temperature difference across the radiator throughout a day.
CONCLUSIONS
RESULTS