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Examples:
P (x) = a5 x5 + a4 x4 + a3 x3 + a2 x2 + a1 x + a0 .
• And so on.
Examples:
b
• r=− is a root of the linear polynomial P (x) = ax + b.
a
√
−b ± b2 − 4ac
• r1 , r2 = (the quadratic formula) are the roots of the quadratic
2a
polynomial
P (x) = ax2 + bx + c.
1
• There is a cubic formula and a quartic formula. There are no formulas for the roots
of a polynomial of degree n ≥ 5.
P (x) = (x − r)Q(x)
NOTE: A polynomial with real coefficients may have roots that are complex numbers.
For example, the roots of the quadratic polynomial
P (x) = x2 − 2x + 5
COROLLARY: A polynomial of odd degree must have at least one real root.