Name _________________________________

Year 10 Chemistry Exam Revision 1

Atomic Structure
1. What is the mass number?

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom

2. What is the atomic number?

The amount of protons

3. For the following state a) the mass number b) the number of protons c) the number of neutrons d)
the number of electrons, e) electron configuration

i) 41
20𝐶𝑎
2+
a) 41 b) 20 c) 21 d) 18 e) 2,8,8,2

ii) 189𝐹 − a) 18 b) 9 c) 9 d) 10 e) 2,7

iii) 25
13𝐴𝑙 a) 25 b) 13 c) 12 d) 13 e) 2,8,3

4. What is an isotope?

An isotope is an atom with the same atomic umber just different mass

Same number of protons, more or less neutrons

5. Using the periodic table, state the charge when the following elements form ions:

a) bromine -1

b) Cs +1

c) group 6 elements -2

d) Gallium +3

6. How many electrons do the following elements gain/loose when they form ions?

a) Mg loses 2

b) N gains 3

c) group 1 elements loses 1

d) Sulfur gains 2

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7. Why do atoms gain/loose electrons?

To fill the outer shell so that the atom becomes stable

8. a) Draw a shell diagram of

i) Oxygen ii) Na iii) Hellium

b) Bohr discovered the shell theory by looking at colours produced when metal ions are heated. Explain
what happens in the flame test.

In the flame test atoms are heated up and the electrons absorb the heat and get “excited” and jump up
to the next shell. The atoms eventually calm down and the electrons drop back down to their original
shell

9. How many shells are in

a) a Calcium atom b) period 3 elements c)Lithium atom
4 3 2

10. State the electron configurations of the following

a) phosphorus 2,8,5
b) potassium 2,8,8,1
c) Be 2,2
d) a group 6, period 3 element 2,8,6
e) Mg2+ 2,8
f) O2- 2,8
g) Al3+ 2,8
h) a period 2 metal ion 2,1
i) a period 3 non-metal ion 2,8,6
11. State the period and group of the following elements

a) Si Period: Group:
2
b) B Period: 2 Group:3

c) 2,8,,3 Period: 3 Group:3

d) 2,8,6 Period: 3 Group:6

12. a) Which groups in the periodic table are metals?

1,2 some of 3

b) which group are the noble gases?

c) what is special about the noble gases?

They are all stable(8 electrons in outer shell)

13. If an element had the following configurations state if it would become a positive or negative ion.

a) 2,8,1

b) 2,6

14. State if the following are metals or non-metals.

a) Ca

b) Silicon

c) Chlorine

d) Lithium

e) Hydrogen

Bonding
15. a) What is the structure of a compound with metallic bonding? (include the words lattice,
delocalised electrons, cation, electrostatic attraction and a diagram)

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b) Why are metals lustrous (shiny)?

c) Why are metals good conductors of heat?

16. a) What happens to electrons in ionic bonding?

b) what is the name of the force holding anions and cations together?

c) Draw a diagram of Potassium chloride in the solid state and in an aqueous state

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17. What happens to electrons in covalent bonding?

18. State which type of elements are involved in

a) metallic bonding b) ionic bonding c) covalent bonding

19. State which type of bonding occurs in the following.

a) HCl

b) potassium fluoride

c) C2H6

d) Magnesium

20. Complete the following table explaining the properties (include a diagram).

Ionic Covalent Metallic

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Electrical
Conductivity

Melting
Temperature

Hardness

Malleability/
Brittleness/
ductile

Lattice/
Molecule?

21. Write the formula for the following ionic compounds

a) sodium fluoride
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b) magnesium oxide

c) calcium hydroxide

d) potassium sulphide

e) ammonium nitrate

f) aluminium sulfate

22. Draw an electron transfer diagram to show how Magnesium chloride forms.

23. Draw an electron dot diagram (showing lone pairs), a structural diagram, and state the shape of the
following molecules

Molecule Electron dot diagram Structural diagram Shape

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a) water

b) carbon dioxide

c) methane

d) hydrochloric acid

e) ammonia

Chemical Reactions
24. Balance the following

a) C6H6 + O2  CO2 + H 2O
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b) Al(OH)3 + H2CO3  Al2(CO3)3 + H2O

c) H3PO4 + Mg(OH)2  Mg3(PO4)2 + H2O

25. What is a precipitate?

26. What is a spectator ion?

27. Write equations for when the following substances are mixed (remember to balance and include
states)
a) sodium hydroxide and calcium nitrate

b) potassium carbonate and ammonium sulfate

c) lead (II) nitrate and magnesium chloride

28. Write an ionic equation for each of the reactions in Question 27.

a)

b)

c)

29. State if a reaction will occur when the following are mixed

a) copper metal and potassium sulphate

b) magnesium metal and aluminium nitrate

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c) zinc metal and tin phosphate

d) Nickel metal and lead chloride

30. Write equations for the reactions that occur in question 29 (remember to balance and include
states)

31. a) Which of the following metal would react with water; Al, Cu, Ag, Na?

b) Why?

32.a) What are the products when a metal reacts with an acid?

b) How would you test the gas produced?

33. Write an equation for when the following substances are mixed (remember to balance and include
states)

a) sodium and nitric acid

b) calcium and hydrochloric acid

c) zinc and sulfuric acid

34. Write definitions for the following:

a) acid

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b) base

c) neutralization reaction

d) indicator

e) pH scale

35. What is the pH of an: a) acid b) base c) neutral substance

36. Write an equation for when the following substances are mixed (remember to balance and include
states)

a) What is the general reaction for an acid & base reaction?

b) sodium hydroxide and nitric acid

c) calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid

d) sulfuric acid and sodium oxide

37. Explain how Decreasing Temperature, Surface Area and Concentration of the Reactants will slow
down the reaction rate of a reaction?

Organic Chemistry
38. Write definitions for the following:

a) isomer
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b) hydrocarbon

c) saturated

d) homologous series

39. Complete the following table

General Formula Formula with 10 carbons Name with 8 hydrogens

Alkane

Alkene

Alkyne

40. What type of bonding occurs in hydrocarbons? Is it strong or weak?

41. Draw the following:

a) 4-chloroheptene

b) 4-ethyl 3,5-dimethyloctane

c) 2-methlybut-2-ene

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d) 2-fluoro 3-propyldec-5-yne

42. Name the following:

a)

H C H
H H
H C C C H
H C C H
H C H
H H
H

b)

H C H
H H
H C C H C H
H H H H
H C C C C C C H
H H H H H
H C H

c)

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 H

H C H
H H H H H H H H

H C C C C C C C C C H

H H H H H H H
H C H H C H

H H

d)

H H H H H

H C C C C C Cl

H H H H H

e)

43. What is the name of the process in which polymers form from the breaking of a double bond?

44. Draw a polymer formed from 2-chloro 1-methylethene (2-chloropropene)

45. Draw the monomer unit which forms the polymer below

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46. Complete the following table

Thermosetting Polymers Thermoplastic Polymers

Diagram

Features/Properties

Examples

47. Describe the difference in structure and properties between HDP and LDP.

48. Why can’t thermosets be remolded but thermoplastics can?

49. Why are LDP more flexible?

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