To clearly understand the bar bending schedule of a pile foundation, it is

necessary to be familiar about the typical reinforcement details of a pile

foundation. Pile foundation is a common type of deep foundation, used for
supporting heavy loaded structures when the site under consideration have
a very weak soil that is compressible in nature.

Layout of a Typical Pile Foundation

A typical pile foundation arrangement have the load structure supported by
a pile cap, which is in turn supported by several piles as shown in the plan
and front view arrangement in the below figures.

Fig.1: Pile Foundation Arrangement – Superstructure, Pile Cap and Piles

Structural Specification and Reinforcement Details of a Pile
Foundation
The figure-2 shows the typical reinforcement details and drawing of a pile
foundation. The details of pile cap are not explained in this article.
 Fig.2: Pile Foundation Details
The whole arrangement is clearly understood from the figure-2. The pile
cage has vertical reinforcement held together by outer and inner rings. The
Reinforcement in pile construction include:

1. Vertical Reinforcement
2. Outer Ring Reinforcement
3. Inner Ring Reinforcement

The above details are mentioned in the figure-3 below. The Outer rings are
provided as helical rings and the inner is circular or spiral ties.
 Fig.3: Cross-section details in section A-A of figure-2
The development length ‘Ld’ is provided outside of the column piercing into
the pile cap. The anchorage length to the recommended amount is provided
to the bottom of the column as shown in figure-2.
From the Figure:
1. Length of Pile = 20m
2. Diameter of Pile = 0.6m
3. Diameter of:
1. Vertical Reinforcement = 20mm – 12nos
2. Outer Helical Ring = 8mm @ 200mm c/c
3. Inner spiral ties = 16mm @ 2000mm c/c
4. Bottom Length of Anchorage = 300mm
5. Development Length = 40d
6. Clear Cover = 75mm

Calculation for Bar Bending Schedule of Pile Foundation

Step 1: Length of Vertical Reinforcement
In the case of bar bending schedule of a column or a pile, there comes need
for lapping the rods so that the length of pile (20m) is attained. Hence, a
lapping length equal to 5Dd is provided in extra. Therefore,
Total Cutting Length for Vertical Reinforcement = Anchorage Length at the bottom of the
pile + the height of the pile + development length (40d) + Lap length (50d) – clear cover
provided at the bottom.
i.e. Lv = 300 + 20000 + 40d +50d -75 = 300 + 20000+ (40 x 12) + (50 x
12) – 75
Total length of vertical reinforcement, Lv = 21.3m
Note: During tying the bar, it is recommended to tie at the middle, as tying at
the ends of the bars will be subjected to higher stress values.
Step 2: Inner Spacing Ring – Number and Length of each Ring
Here, we have to determine the length of each inner ring along with their
numbers arranged.

The number of rings (Nr) = [Length of the Pile / Spacing] + 1

= [20000/2000] +1 = 11 No’s

The circumference of the ring gives the length of each ring. For this the
radius of the ring has to be determined. Given the radius of the pile, the
clear cover, outer ring radius:

The radius of the ring = [Radius of the pile – clear cover – diameter: of outer ring –
diameter: of vertical reinforcement:]/2
= [600 – 75 – 8 – 12]/2= 252.5mm
Hence, Length of ring = 2xpixr
= 2 x 3.147 x 252.3 = 1584.4mm = 1.58m

Step 3: Outer Helical Ring – Number and Length of each ring

For every specification of outer helical ring, the radius of the same have to
be determined.

Radius of Helical Ring Outer = [Diameter of Pile – Clear Cover]/2

= [600 -75]/2 = 262.5mm

Length of ring = 2xpixr

= 2 x 3.147 x 262.5 = 1648.5mm = 1.65m

The number of rings (Nr) = [Length of the Pile / Spacing] + 1

= [20000/200] +1 = 101 No’s

Step 4: Bar Bending Schedule

Specification Diameter of Bars (m) No. of Bars(m) Length of rods(m) Total Length (m)

Vertical Bar 12 12 21.3 255.6

Inner Ring bar 16 11 1.58 17.4

Outer ring bar 8 101 1.65 166.65