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Climate Change Profile of Pakistan
Climate Change Profile of Pakistan
Climate Change Profile of Pakistan
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Climate Change Profile of Pakistan

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Catastrophic floods, droughts, and cyclones have plagued Pakistan in recent years. The 2010 flood killed 1,600 people and caused around $10 billion in damage. The 2015 Karachi heat wave led to the death of more than 1,200 people. Climate change-related natural hazards may increase in frequency and severity in the coming decades. Climatic changes are expected to have wide-ranging impacts on Pakistan, affecting agricultural productivity, water availability, and increased frequency of extreme climatic events. Addressing these risks requires climate change to be mainstreamed into national strategy and policy. This publication provides a comprehensive overview of climate change science and policy in Pakistan.
LanguageEnglish
Release dateAug 1, 2017
ISBN9789292577223
Climate Change Profile of Pakistan

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    Climate Change Profile of Pakistan - Qamar Uz Zaman Chaudhry

    Climate Change Profile of Pakistan

    Prepared by:

    Qamar Uz Zaman Chaudhry, International Climate Technology Expert

    Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)

    © 2017 Asian Development Bank

    6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines

    Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444

    www.adb.org

    Some rights reserved. Published in 2017.

    ISBN 978-92-9257-721-6 (Print), 978-92-9257-722-3 (e-ISBN)

    Publication Stock No. TCS178761

    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TCS178761

    The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.

    ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.

    By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term country in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

    This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess

    This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material.

    Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does not fall within these terms, or for permission to use the ADB logo.

    Notes:

    In this publication, $ refers to US dollars.

    Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda

    Photo credits:

    Photo on page 8: Nadeem Khawar

    Photo on page 62 and 68: Salman Rashid

    Contents

    Tables, Figures, and Boxes

    Tables

    Figures

    Boxes

    Preface

    Pakistan has faced catastrophic floods, droughts, and cyclones in recent years that have killed and displaced thousands, destroyed livelihoods, and damaged infrastructure. Climate change raises the prospect that these and other natural hazards will increase in frequency and severity in the coming decades—a stark reminder that Pakistan is one of the countries most vulnerable to the effects of climate change.

    This climate change country profile provides a comprehensive overview of climate change science and policy in Pakistan, drawing insights from national and international literature. The profile covers (i) historical and future expected trends of climate change at provincial level, (ii) expected climate impacts on priority sectors, (iii) the institutional and policy frameworks to address climate change, (iv) climate finance sources, and (v) opportunities for adaptation.

    Climatic changes are expected to have wide-ranging impacts on Pakistan: reduced agricultural productivity, increased variability of water availability, increased coastal erosion and seawater incursion, and increased frequency of extreme climatic events. Addressing these risks requires the mainstreaming of climate change into national strategy and policy; and climate-smart investments in infrastructure, businesses, and skills.

    This report is targeted at policymakers, project developers, and development professionals whose work may be touched by climate change. The report may serve as a one-stop summary of climate change issues in Pakistan, or provide a starting point for in-depth analysis of climate risks at local or provincial level. The Asian Development Bank intends to play a key role in supporting the climate resilience of its member countries, and it is our hope that this report will be a useful resource for efforts to increase climate resilience in Pakistan.

    Akmal Siddiq

    Director, Agriculture, Water, and Natural Resources Division Central and West Asia Department Asian Development Bank

    Acknowledgments

    This climate change profile of Pakistan was prepared by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) under the regional technical assistance project called Enhancing Readiness of ADB Developing Member Countries for Scaled Up Climate Finance (TA 8606-REG).

    Akmal Siddiq, director, Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture Division (CWER) of ADB’s

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