Академический Документы
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Faouzi Jebali
Saudi Aramco
Kamal Garg
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
Introduction
• System overview
• Settings
• Design requirements
• Thermal model
• Custom starting sequence
• Field results and analysis
• Conclusion
1
Saudi Aramco History
Gas Plant
2
Why Plant Motors Were Replaced
3
Synchronous Motor Basics
(BDT)
Multiples of Full-Load Torque
Current Curve 2
6
5 LRA
4
(FLT)
Torque Curve P
3 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90(ω)n100
Percentage of Synchronous Speed
4
Best-Fit Motor Applications
Medium-
Voltage
Synchronous Motor Bus
M
Induction
M
Special Starting
M
High Inertia, Two-Speed,
Reduced Voltage
VFD Fed
M
Variable Frequency Drive
Starting
250 to 400% 500 to 650%
current
5
Parameter Synchronous Motor Induction Motor
6
SEC
Grid
230 kV
T706
90 MVA 50/51H
230 / 13.2 kV T704T
400 A
50/
51N 51P/PD
13.2 kV
KM002B
Load
Synchronous 27,000 hp
Motor 1,002 FLA
7
Motor Protection
Motor Protection
8
Motor Protection
Motor Protection
35.0 Accelerating Time
32.0 With 80% of Nominal
Voltage (UN)
28.0
24.0 Accelerating Time
Time (seconds)
With 90% of UN
20.0 Trip Setting:
7 Seconds at Accelerating Time
16.0 10% Speed With 100% of UN
12.0
8.0
4.0 Maximum Time to
Reach 10% Speed
0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Speed (pu)
Speed = 1 pu = 1,800 rpm
9
10,000
5,000 2XB Bus 8 R45-704
1,000 Rating
500 Cold Stall Thermal
= 13.5 s
Relay 100
51P
Coordination 50 CTR 5000:5
Seconds
Hot Stall CO11
= 11 s
10
Motor Relay
5 CTR 1200:5 Cable
C4
Pickup = 4.8
1 TD = 0.17
.5
50/51H 704T
.1 CTR 5000:5
.05 CO9
Pickup = 5
TD = 4.5
.01
.5 1 3 5 10 50 100 5001,000 10,000
A • 100 2XB (Plot Reference kV = 13.2)
2.5
2
1.5
Rotor Resistance • 100
1
Load Motor
0.5 Torque Torque
0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Rotational Speed (ω per unit)
10
Digital Relay – Accurate Thermal Model
Starting Example
1.0 10
Conventional Relay
0.9 9
0.8 8
0.7 7
Thermal Capacity Used
0.6 6
Current
11
Thermal Model
I2 – I0 2
t TC • ln 2 2
I – SF
Thermal Model
3
2.5
• I1 = 3x
T1 = 250 seconds
2
Stator Thermal • I2 = 2.5x
Current (pu)
0.5
Horsepower: 27,000 hp
Line Volts: 13.2 kV
0
100 1,000 10,000
Time (seconds)
12
Nameplate Data
Motor Parameters Value Description
28,361 lb/ft
Locked-rotor torque Per data sheet
(0.36 pu)
69,500 lb/ft2
Inertia of rotor Per data sheet
(2,928.75 kg/m2)
25,557.6 lb/ft2
Inertia of load Per data sheet
(1,077.0 kg/m2)
Locked-Rotor C B
Thermal Limit (hot) B Volts: 11.88 kV
A Acceleration time:
24.3 seconds
10.00
C
C B A
Volts: 10.56 kV
Acceleration time:
33.2 seconds
1.00
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Current
13
27,000 hp Motor – Initial Rotor
Thermal Analysis
1.2
1 Motor Voltage
0.8
Per Unit
Speed
0.6 Rotor
Temperature
0.4
0.2
0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Time (seconds)
14
Custom Starting Sequence
Second One
Running Cold Lockout Warm
Start Start
...
...
One
Running Lockout Warm
Start
One
Running Lockout Warm
Start
...
15
21,000 hp Motor Start (Motor 5B)
16
21,000 hp Motor – Rotor
Thermal Analysis
1.2
Motor Field
Speed Quantity Analysis
1 Voltage Results
0.8 Starting
Per Unit
Rotor
0.6 Time 7.9 7.5
Temperature
(seconds)
0.4
Starting
0.2 Current 3,016 2,984
0 (A)
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Voltage
Time (seconds) (% of 85 90
nominal)
Starting
Thermal 72 76
(%)
17
Conclusion
Questions?
18