Course:

Soil Dynamics Module 6: Deep foundations under dynamic loads

 
 

         

Module 6: Deep foundations under dynamic loads

1 Introduction.
2 Pseudo-Static analysis.
3 Pile foundations.
4 Piles under vertical vibrations.
 

 
Course: Soil Dynamics Module 6: Deep foundations under dynamic loads
 
 

LECTURE 4
Course: Soil Dynamics Module 6: Deep foundations under dynamic loads
 

PILE FOUNDATIONS

 When the subsoil immediately beneath a structure on shallow footings is

too weak to support the structure, the depth of the foundation is increased
until more suitable soil is encountered.

 In such cases, the load of the structure may be transferred onto the subsoil
through Pile Foundations.

 Depending upon their use, piles are usually divided into several
categories, including :
o Bearing piles.
o Friction piles
o Laterally loaded piles.
o Tension piles.
o Compaction piles.

 Piles are of timber, steel and reinforced concrete.

 So long as they are capable of sustaining stresses in tension, compression,

and bending, the analysis is not materially altered.

 Commercially available piles include :

o Vibro, franki, pressure, Rodio, Raymond, Hindustan Ziessal,
Armco, monotube, and cobipiles.

 As far as dynamic analysis of pile is concerned, the pile does not provide
additional spring and damping contribution to the soil-pile system.

 Thus, it is necessary to incorporate the significant properties of two

materials into equivalent spring and damping factors.
Course: Soil Dynamics Module 6: Deep foundations under dynamic loads
 

 There are three methods that can be used to solve problems of soil-pile
interaction as suggested by Novak (1971) :
 Represent soil as a continuum with linear elastic properties.
 Representing the pile and soil using the Finite element technique.
 Represents the soil-pile system by a set of discrete lumped masses,
springs and dashpots.

Methods of construction:

 Two general methods of concrete pile construction are available for

engineering work.
o By one method a hole is formed in the ground by driving a steel
shell or by other special means and this hole is filled with concrete.

o By the other method the pile is moulded in suitable forms and after
becoming hard is driven as a wood or steel pile is driven.

 Piles constructed by the first method may be either plain or reinforced,

but piles constructed by the second method are always reinforced to
strengthen them for handling and driving.
 Concrete piers for foundation work are simply piles of enlarged diameter.
 The specific pile construction method depends on the soil condition,the
ground water elevations, site conditions and the length of thepile.
 Construction methods can be distinguished between
o The bore hole stabilization process during excavation.
o The method of installing the casing
o The method of excavation
Course: Soil Dyna
amics M
Module 6: Deep foun
ndations u
under dyn
namic load
ds
 

Fiig. Method of boring off piles.