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ON
BY
Nakul P. Kathrotia
BBA SEM-V
(2010 – 2011)
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
MITSOM College
PUNE: 411038
1
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Nakul P. Kathrotia of MAEER’s MITSOM College has
successfully completed the project work titled Research Project on Panasonic in partial
fulfillment of requirement for the award of Bachelor of Business Administration prescribed by the
University of Pune
This project is the record of authentic work carried out during the academic year
2010 – 2011.
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DECLARATION
I, Mr. Nakul P. Kathrotia hereby declare that this project is the record of authentic
work carried out by me during the academic year 2010 – 2011 and has not been
submitted to any other University or Institute towards the award of any degree.
Nakul P. Kathrotia
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ACKNOWLEGEMENT
For the development of this Research Work, information has been obtained from various
primary and secondary sources of data collection like questionnaire, books and internet, I feel
deep sense of gratitude to each and every person who has directly or in directly supported me for
the same. Each one is important for me on a personal basis. In particular, I would like to thank
Mrs. Dhanashree Deshmukh Ghate, Research Guide and my friends who supported me
throughout the completion of this Research Report. I would also like to thank my father Mr.
Praful Kathrotia for helping me with the research project.
Nakul P. Kathrotia
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Abstract
A research was conducted was on thirty numbers of respondents. This research (survey)
was pertaining to the preferences of customers of Panasonic. The prime objective of the research
was to get the relevant information about customer’s perception about the company. Here I have
also received feedback which shows the customer satisfaction level provided by Panasonic.
Various other aspects such as after sales service, availability of service centers, pricing of the
product, preferred features of the product and so on were also discussed to get a clear picture
about customer satisfaction.
In this research a thirty numbers of respondents were surveyed. These respondents were
surveyed between August 20th and September 15th. The primary tools as well as secondary tools
of data collection were used in order to collect relevant data. This data was used for further
research and based on this data necessary graphs were also made. The primary data tool used in
my research was Questionnaire. The above mentioned 30 respondents were surveyed with the
help of questionnaire. While internet and books were the secondary data tool. Questions
regarding after sales service, availability of service centers, pricing of the product, preferred
features of the product, product line of the company and so on were asked in questionnaire. This
feedback became the backbone of my research report.
It was clear from the feedback of respondents that Panasonic has an issue relating to after
sales services, and also relating to the availability of service centers. However on the bright side
the most preferred feature in a Panasonic product was its Graphical User Interface (GUI). Even
the pricing of the product was similar to the other competitors.
This research also contains suggestions and recommendations given by the respondents.
Thus the resulting feedback helped a lot for having an overview over the problems faced by the
company and also suggestions to overcome such problems were also discussed.
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Main Index
SR No CONTENTS Pg No
8-8
1 Research (Meaning & Concept)
8-8
2 Objectives of Research
9-12
3 Research Process
13-13
4 Types of Research
14-14
5 Research Problems
14-14
6 Hypothesis
15-17
7 Sampling
18-18
8 Research Design “Theory”
19-21
9 Data Collection (Tools of Data Collection)
22-22
10 Project Design
23-23
11 Research Design (Of the project)
23-23
12 Limitations of the Research
24-31
13 Graphs
32-32
14 Suggestions & Recommendations
33-33
15 Conclusions
34-34
16 Bibliography
6
Figure No. Name of the Graph Pg No.
1 Preference of Gadget companies 25
2 Users of Panasonic 25
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Thus research is an ‘organized’ and ‘systematic’ way of finding answers to questions or
finding solutions to problems. Research is said to be systematic because, it involves the
following of definite set of steps in order to arrive at some conclusion. Also it is said to be
organized, as it is a planned procedure which is focused and having a well defined scope, i.e. it
has a structure and method. Research is aimed at finding answers – maybe to simple questions or
for some hypothesis. It is said to be successful when answers are found. Lastly, questions
constitute the main component of research because if there is no question, then, it follows that
there can be no research. This is so, since the dynamics of research invariably involves the
process of focusing on relevant, useful and important questions. The questions for the same may
originate from management dilemma.
Objectives
8
Research Process:
9
One way to formulate a problem is to review previous researchers and discuss it with
own colleagues or experts in that particular area.
10
5) Determining the sample design
All the items under consideration in any field of inquiry constitute a universal/
population. It is not possible to get information from the whole population and therefore
we select few items from the population. The items so selected constitute what is known
as sample. The researcher must decide the way of selecting a sample from the population.
Various types of sample design like sampling, snowball sampling, etc. can be used by the
researcher depending upon the problem.
6) Collection of data
Two techniques of data collection are used by a researcher. Primary data includes
Observations, survey, questionnaires, interview, etc. Secondary data includes internet,
journals, reports, books, etc. Researcher has to decide which of these he is going to use
for the collection of data.
7) Execution of the project
This is the most important step in the research process. Researcher has to see
whether the project is executed in a systematic manner and on right time. Occasional
field visits should be made by researchers to ensure that everything is going according to
the plans. If required training may be given to the assistance who will help the
researchers in the execution of the project.
8) Analysis of the data
After the data is collected researchers has to analyze it for its further use. Analysis
includes organizing, coding, editing, tabulation for diagrammatic representation. A
researcher can use various statistical tools and computer for the analysis purpose.
9) Hypothesis Testing
After the analysis of data the researchers are in the position to test the hypothesis.
May be a statistical test like t-test, f-test, cai-square are used by the researchers for testing
a hypothesis.
10) Generalization and interpretation
If hypothesis is tested it may be possible for the researcher to give generalization/
generalized the findings. On the other hand if this is no hypothesis the researchers have to
explain the findings and this is known as interpretation.
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11) Preparation of the report
Report writing is divided into three parts.
a. Preliminary pages
b. Main text
c. End matter
In the preliminary pages the reporter should write the title of the project, the date,
acknowledgement, declaration followed by index and index list of tables, graphs and
charts if any. The main text contains introduction, procedure, findings of the main report
and the conclusion. At the end of the report appendices should be enlisted. Bibliography
i.e. list of books, journals, reports etc. should be also given at the end. The report should
be written in a simple language and in a systematic manner for the easy understanding of
the research.
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Types of Research
1. Descriptive
It includes surveys and fact finding enquires. Main aim is to describe the state of affair as
it is exists at present. The researchers have no control over variable. They can report what has
happened or what is happening. It is also known as Ex Post Facto.
2. Analytical
In this research, researcher has to use facts or information already available and analyzed
it to make a critical evaluation.
3. Applied
Aims at finding a solution for immediate problem faced. It applies theories and models
already developed to the actual solution of the problem. Aim is not to develop theories but to test
the theories in actual situation.
4. Fundamental
It is a formal and systematic process which aims to develop theories or model. All
important variables are identified in fundamental research. It involves selecting appropriate
sample so that generalization can be done.
5. Quantitative
6. Qualitative
7. Conceptual
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Research Problem
Hypothesis
Hypothesis is a tentative solution given by the researcher for the problem. The hypothesis
stated by the researcher may be true or may not be true depending upon the problem.
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SAMPLING
A) Probability Sampling
These methods clearly specify the probability or likelihood of inclusion of each element
or individual in the sample. In this method each and every unit of universe has an equal chance
of getting selected as a sample. There are three types of Probability Sampling. They are,
It can be defined as “one in which each and every individual of population has an equal
chance of being included in the sample and also selection of one individuals no way dependent
upon selection of another individual.”
In stratified random sampling the population is divided into two or more groups or strata
based upon single criteria. After doing this researcher is going to pick up samples randomly and
constitute the sampling unit. These divided populations are called as sub-population and together
substitute a whole population.
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ii) Disproportionate Stratified Random Sampling – It is similar with the one mentioned
above with only difference that sub-strata of drawn sample are not distributed
according to their proportionate weight in population. In this method certain strata of
population is overrepresented and some other strata is underrepresented.
3. Area or Clustered Sampling
In this method generally geographical division of cities, states, etc. are made on a map
and desired no. of sample size is randomly picked up from divided areas.
B) Non-probability Sampling
1) Quota Sampling
It is one of the important types of non-probability sampling methods which are similar to
stratified random sampling. The difference between is that in the former the final selection of
individuals is not random where as in the later the final selection of individual is random.
2) Accidental Sampling
3) Judgmental Sampling
It is also known as purposive sampling. In this method the investigator has some belief
that sample being handpicked is typical of the population or a very good representative of
population. A purposive sample is also known as judgmental sampling because the investigator
on the basis of his information makes a judgment regarding concerned cases which are thought
to be typical of the population.
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4) Systematic Sampling
It may be defined as drawing it selecting every nth person from a determined list of
elements or individuals. Selecting every 5th roll no. in class of 60 students will constitute the
systematic sampling. If we pay attention to systematic sampling plan it becomes obvious that
such a plan possesses certain characteristics of randomness and at the same time possesses
certain non-probability trades such as including every nth element chosen.
5) Snowballs
This type of sampling is socio-metric in nature. It is defined as having all the persons in a group
or organization identified their friends who in turn identified their friends and associates until the
number of people the researcher wants is done.
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Research Design: (Theory)
Research design is an overall plan or scheme prepared by the researcher for executing the
research study. It is an important stage in the process of conducting research as it facilitates
systematic work on the research project. It is necessary as it facilitates the smooth conduct of
research. Research design may be designed as the sequence of steps taken ahead of time to
ensure that relevant data will be collected in a way that permits objective analysis of different
hypothesis formulated with respect to the research problem.
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Data Collection
Data Collection helps your team to assess the health of your process. To do so, you
must identify the key quality characteristics you will measure, how you will
measure them, and what you will do with the data you collect.
Data Collection is nothing more than planning for and obtaining useful information on
key quality characteristics produced by your process. However, simply collecting data does not
ensure that you will obtain relevant or specific enough data to tell you what is occurring in your
process.
A. Primary Data:
Primary data is important for all areas of research because it is unvarnished information
about the results of an experiment or observation. It is like the eyewitness testimony at a trial. No
one has tarnished it or spun it by adding their own opinion or bias so it can form the basis of
objective conclusions. Once the primary data has been gathered, analysts study it using other
research methods. They look for relationships between factors that may suggest the designs for
new studies. When they combine the primary data from more than one study, they are using
integrative methods. Their findings present secondary data, a synthesis of several streams of
primary data. Following are the techniques used for collecting primary data:
1. Observation:
i. Natural Setting
ii. Field experiment
2. Communication
i. Personal Interview
ii. Telephonic Interview
iii. Self-administered questionnaire
a. Open ended questions
b. Closed ended questions
c. Filter
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B. Secondary Data:
Secondary data is when the investigator does not collect data originally for the research
enquiry but uses data already collected and available in published or unpublished from, data.
There is a large amount of data already been collected by others, although it may not necessarily
have been analyzed or published. Locating these sources and retrieving the information is a good
starting point in any data collection effort. The advantage of using existing data is that collection
is inexpensive. However, it is sometimes difficult to gain access to the records or reports
required, and the data may not always be complete and precise enough, or too disorganized.
Use of secondary data in a research enquiry saves time, finance and labor. However,
some people doubt the accuracy of secondary data. If reliable and suitable secondary data is
available, there is no harm in using secondary data for any research enquiry. Most research
requires the collection of primary data, and this is what students concentrate on. Unfortunately,
many dissertations do not include secondary data in their findings section although it is perfectly
acceptable to do so, providing it has been analyzed. It is always a good idea to use data collected
by someone else if it exists – it may be on a much larger scale and could contribute to the
findings considerably. The sources of secondary data can be classified as:
A. Internal Sources:
1. Accounting resources
2. Sales Force Report
3. Financial data
4. Transport data
5. Storage data
6. Internal Experts
7. Miscellaneous Reports
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B. External Sources:
1. Demographic data
2. Competitors – company information:
i. Company websites
ii. Press Releases
iii. White papers
iv. Presentations
3. Government Publications:
i. Key Sources
ii. Semi-government publications
iii. Publications of universities and research institutions
iv. Publications of commercial and financial institutions
v. Reports of committees and commissions
vi. Newspapers and periodicals
vii. Publications of international bodies
4. Non government publications
5. Syndicated Services
6. International Organizations
7. Trade Associations
8. Commercial Services
9. Other external media
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Project Design
1) Tools used for Data Collection
The tools used for data collection in my project are:
Primary data:
I have used the primary data tool for collecting relevant data which was used in my
research project. The primary tool used in my project is questionnaire. The questionnaire was the
basic and the main tool i.e. used in my research project. The questionnaire contains questions
pertaining to the preference of customers regarding Panasonic. Here the questions also helped in
procuring information about changing customer preference regarding deodorant. Thus
questionnaire was the primary tool through which further research was conducted.
Secondary data:
The secondary data tools used in the research are books and internet. I refused to various
articles and data on internet. The founding’s of other people were also used to achieve
appropriate data. The secondary data thus collected helped to get refined and reliable data.
2) Sampling
Sample Size:
Sampling area:
Here the sampling area is associated with two specific areas namely the region under
survey, the age group of respondents and the gender of the respondents. The region from which
these thirty respondents were surveyed is from Pune city and Gujarat. The age group of
respondents is ranging from 18-30 year of people and all of them are Male. This variety of region
helped in knowing the perception of Panasonic Company in customers mind and different issues
from these distinct places.
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Research Design: (Of the project)
While preparing this research report I distributed 30 questionnaires to different people.
Basically it was distributed among people of age group from 18-30 years. We also considered
that those people have at least used the product once. My respondents of questionnaire were from
Pune as well as from Gujarat. Research was done to collect general view regarding the price,
factors influencing product preference, availability of products, etc.
While conducting the research there many limitations. Few of the limitations of the research are
mentioned below:
The research also turned out to be a bit costly due to the use of questionnaire.
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Graphs
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Figure No. 1
Preference of various gadget companies.
10%
13%
Interpretation: The above pie chart shows the numerous and popular gadget companies and their
preference by various customers. It can be seen that Sony is preferred by 30% of all the respondents
surveyed, while 13% of respondents prefer Panasonic as well as Samsung.
Figure No. 2
Users of Panasonic.
Users of Panasonic
Interpretation: Out of the thirty respondents that I surveyed there were 50% users of Panasonic
in one way or the other. They owned different products of Panasonic.
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Figure No. 3
13%
17%
Interpretation: Here the pie chart shows various features of any electronic gadget. It can
be seen that the most preferred feature in any electronic gadget is all of the mentioned features.
However out of these four features most (i.e. 20%) preferred is that the product must be user
friendly.
Figure No. 4
Preferred products of Panasonic.
10%
Interpretation: Panasonic has a wide range of product line. Some of these products are
mentioned here. The most preferred product of Panasonic is the Television Sets which covers
40% of all the gadgets mentioned, while music players covers only 10% that is the lowest
preferred product of Panasonic.
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Figure No. 5
17%
Innovative products
Place utility of products
40% Dimension of products
17% Graphical User Interface (GUI)
of products
27%
Interpretation: Panasonic product has various distinct features which are mentioned
here. It can be noted that the most preferred feature in Panasonic products is its Graphical User
Interface (GUI) with 40%, while 16% of respondents prefer innovative products as well as place
utility of the products.
Figure No. 6
The worth for amount paid for it
33% Worthy
Not Worthy
67%
Interpretation: Out of the thirty respondents it can be seen that 20 people think that
Panasonic products are worth the amount paid for it. This shows a good image of Panasonic as
far as the worth for money paid for it.
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Figure No. 7
Easily available
Not available
50% 50%
Interpretation: 50% of the people surveyed said that Panasonic products are easily
available in the market while the other half had a different rather opposite view.
Figure No. 8
20% 17%
Excellent
Good
Satisfactory
Not good
27%
37%
Interpretation: Panasonic product’s after sales service has been measured in above pie
chart in four different measures. Here it can be seen that after sales service is satisfactory in
general. On the other hand 16% respondents consider the after sales service of Panasonic as
Excellent.
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Figure No. 9
Easily available
43% Not available
57%
Figure No. 10
Field of use of Panasonic products
Professional use
Personal use
47%
53%
Interpretation: Panasonic products are used in mainly two different fields. Here it can
be seen that 53.33% of people think that Panasonic products are used mainly in professional use
while 46.67% people consider it for personal use only.
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Figure No. 11
17%
33% Cheap
Similar
Expensive
50%
Figure No. 12
43%
Interpretation: It can be derived from the above pie chart that the life of Panasonic
products is long lasting according to 46.66% of respondents. While only 10% of respondent
think that Panasonic products have a short life span
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Figure No. 13
Attractive
47% Not attractive
53%
Interpretation: 53.34% respondent are attracted by the offers and schemes offered by
Panasonic. While 46.66% respondents are not attracted towards such schemes and offers.
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Suggestions and Recommendations:
The respondents surveyed here also gave suggestions for the company so that the current
standards can be improved and new products can be introduced in the market to capture large
market share.
According to most respondents Panasonic has a wide product line but according to them
customer awareness needs to be there so that more number of products can be attracted.
Regarding the product line there were also few suggestions that product line though being wide
the products must be available to every state n every city.
Few respondents even recommended that Panasonic also need to come up with new and
innovative products so that it can cop up in the market with other competitors. The new products
so introduced must also be available everywhere through the effective channel of distribution.
The innovative products must be user friendly as well as with an attractive Graphical User
Interface so that Panasonic products can stand different from other competitors.
There were also suggestions for improvement of after sales services of Panasonic. There
were even recommendations that the service centers of Panasonic must be also available across
various towns and cities over the world. The processing time must be also reduced so that
customers can be served timely and effectively.
Respondents also suggested for the requirement of new features that must be in
Panasonic products so that new customers can be attracted. Features such as attractiveness and
Value for money are most compared by customer when he buys the product. So Panasonic must
focus on these two main features.
Panasonic also need to have increased product availability so that more specific regions
can be covered and more market share can be achieved. Products must be even easily available
through local dealers and retailers so that effective selling and satisfactory customer interaction
can be done.
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Conclusions and Summary:
Most of the people who were part of the survey were in age from 18 – 30 and mostly
prominent users of Panasonic.
The respondents surveyed considered few electronic gadget as the status symbol and
quality electronic gadgets. They also considered Panasonic products as the rarely
available product.
The most preferred feature of Panasonic product is its Graphical User Interface (GUI)
and the second most preferred feature is its Dimensions.
Most of the respondents looked upon the feature of any electronic gadget being user
friendly as the basic feature required.
The advertising strategies adopted by Panasonic are very helpful to attract more
customers. Offers and schemes according to specific regional taste and preferences are
also provided by Panasonic so that more junk of customers are encourage to buy their
products.
The respondents also mentioned that Panasonic products are worth the amount paid for it.
It shows that Panasonic products are appropriately value for money paid for it.
Panasonic products are also considered as products for professional use according to
53.33% of the respondents surveyed while the rest of respondents consider it as the
products for personal use.
Durability and Life span of Panasonic product has also been discussed in questionnaire.
According to 46.66% of total respondents Panasonic products are more durable and have
longer lasting comparatively than other products.
Thus Panasonic products must have recommended changes so that necessary or
mandatory changes can be made for improvement of the product.
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Bibliography:
1. www.wikipedia.org
2. www.scribd.com
3. Articles from Internet
4. Research methodology by C.R. Kothari.
5. Business mathematics and statistics by B.C. Bajracharya.
6. Research methodology tools and analysis by Dr. Kriti Gupta
Thank You
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