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QW Micro Organizational Theory – MB850
Department of Organization Studies, Boston College
Fall 2003, Thursday 1-3:30 p.m.
Professor Judy Clair Office: Fulton 433 Phone: (617) 552-0451
Email: clairju@bc.edu Office Hours: Monday 1-2 p.m. or by appointment

Course Description

This Ph.D. seminar is intended for beginning doctoral students. The major purpose of the
course is to introduce students to some of the traditional as well as innovative topics of
research in the micro side of organizational behavior and theory. The micro side of
organizational behavior and theory draws primarily from the field of psychology to
theorize regarding individual, interpersonal, and group level issues within the workplace.
However, this area of research also draws from additional disciplines, such as sociology,
anthropology, and political science. The field of organization studies is enormous; thus,
my humble goal is only to provide you with a jumping-off point from which you can start
to join “good conversations” within the field, as well as an ability to move forward in
your learning beyond the necessary limits of this class. The readings draw more heavily
from contemporary research; however, I also provide a dose of the older “classics”
throughout the syllabus.

A multiple perspective approach that embraces a range of epistemological and


methodological research traditions is central to this class1. This multi-paradigm approach
will allow students to develop a rudimentary ability to thoughtfully put the research that
they encounter into a paradigmatic context and to critique research by drawing from
multiple paradigmatic perspectives. We will not get heavily into epistemology or
methodology; however, our discussions will aim to familiarize you with the different
epistemological and methodological approaches to theory and empirical research.

By the end of this course you should have:

1
Many thanks to Lynne Andersson of Temple University for allowing me to adapt this concept from her
Ph.D. syllabus.

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a) a road map of a good number of research streams in the micro side of the field of
organization studies;
b) budding analytical and conceptual skills;
c) an understanding of some of the epistemological and methodological research
traditions within the field;
d) increased abilities for theorizing and researching in the micro side of the field; and
e) improved abilities to lead and facilitate classroom learning and discussions.

Preparing For Class

This class runs as a seminar. Each student needs to be prepared to discuss all of the
required readings for each class session. You also will be provided with a list of resource
readings (see the end of the syllabus). Though not required, these lists of resource
readings are provided should you want to explore a topic in greater depth.

Our job together will be to create a “good conversation” about the topic being covered on
a particular day and to help each other mindfully engage with each of the readings. So,
preparation for class is likely to require that you carefully read each article more than
once so that you develop a through understanding of the author’s arguments as well as a
more developed critique of the article, its contributions, and limitations. In addition to
our critiques of readings, we will want to understand what is being attempted, what has
been accomplished, and what the readings are suggesting about further extensions,
refinements, and empirical research.

Course Requirements

Class Leadership. Each student will facilitate a discussion regarding one article
during each class session. This approach ensures that all students will be involved in
class leadership across the entire semester. Students will be responsible for being the
most knowledgeable student in the session about their assigned article. Students should
prepare several discussion questions for their article to productively guide our discussion
of it. Further, each student will also be responsible for distributing a handout to the other
students, no longer than one page, that provides highlights of key points of their assigned
article for that week. (Students should keep these for their files, as they will likely be a
resource for comprehensive exams or future research!).

Please feel free to run discussion questions and summaries by me for feedback and
advice.

Research Paper. Every student will complete one research paper. The paper
may be either:

(1) A conceptual/theoretical paper suitable for publication in the Academy of


Management Review, or;
(2) A research proposal of the type suitable for the Academy of Management
Journal. No data or analysis is necessary; however, your research design,

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sources of data, and proposed analyses should be presented showing how you
would empirically test your hypotheses (or build theory, depending upon your
research approach). Although no data collection is expected for this
assignment, students should develop a proposal with the expectation that they
will pursue this project in the near future.

The paper topic must be related to micro-OB as broadly defined in this course. The paper
should be 20-25 double-spaced pages, not including charts, graphs, and references. You
should follow the style guide of the Academy Journals (available online at
www.aom.pace.edu).

A 2-3 page proposal for your paper is due at the start of class on Oct. 9. Though short,
this proposal is important because it lays out the conceptual rationale for your paper
topic. We will spend part of class that day discussing your proposals and providing initial
feedback to one another.

A complete, well-developed draft of the paper is due at the start of class on Nov. 6.
Please bring two copies to class. Your paper will be assigned to one of your classmates
for peer review and will be returned to you at the start of class on Nov. 20. I will also
provide you with feedback.

The final stage of your paper will involve two steps. First, you will make a formal
presentation of your paper on Dec. 4 to your classmates as well as a group of colleagues
(Ph.D. students and professors). Second, you will respond to the feedback and make final
revisions to the paper before turning in your final draft on Dec. 11. You will submit your
revised paper as well as specific responses to your reviewer’s comments on a separate
attachment.

Peer Review. You will review one of the research papers of your peers. You are
to assume that you are conducting a review for AMR or AMJ (see www.aom.pace.edu for
advice to reviewers of AMR and AMJ). Your review should be constructively critical and
make specific suggestions for improvement to the author. The review should address
quality of conceptualization, research design (if appropriate), integration of appropriate
literature, and grammatical/structural issues. Your review should be no longer than 3
single-spaced pages. You will receive the paper at the start of class on Nov. 6. You will
submit a copy of the review to me and to the author at the start of class on Nov. 20.

Grading

Assignment Weight

(2) Research Paper


a. Proposal 5%
b. Paper Draft 10%
c. Final Paper 35%
d. Presentation 15%

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(3) Feedback to Peer on 5%
Their Paper Draft
(4) Class Participation 30%

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Summary Schedule

Date Topic Deliverables

September 4 Introduction: Theory Building Readings


and Major Paradigms in
Organizational Behavior

September 11 (The Debate Over) Individual Readings


Dispositions

September 18 Cognition and Sensemaking Readings

September 25 Emotions and Emotional Readings


Expression in Organizations

October 2 Motivation Readings

October 9 Extra Role Behaviors: Initiative Readings


and Individual Agency at Work Paper Proposal Due

October 16 The “Dark Side” of Workplace Readings


Behaviors

October 23 Stress, Burnout, & Coping Readings

October 30 Socialization and Social Readings


Influence

November 6 Demography and Diversity in Readings


Organizations Paper Draft Due

November 13 Organizational and Work Readings


Attachments

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Date Topic Deliverables

November 20 Leadership Readings


Provide Written Feedback to
Peer on their Paper Draft

November 27 – no class no class no class

December 4 Presentations Presentations

December 11 Final Paper Due & Party!! Final Paper Due & Party!!

Readings

Sept. 4 Introduction: Theory Building and Major Paradigms in


Organizational Behavior

Pfeffer, J. 1998. Understanding organizations: Concepts and controversies. In D.


Gilbert, S. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), pp. 773-777, Handbook of social
psychology (4th edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Martin, J. 2000. Hidden gendered assumptions in mainstream organizational theory and
research. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9: 207-216.
Gioia, D.A. & Pitre, E. 1990. Multiparadigm perspectives on theory building. Academy
of Management Review, 15: 584-602.
VanMaanen, J. 1995. Style as theory. Organization Science, 6(1): 133-143.

Optional: See articles by Pfeffer and VanMannen in the resource section at the syllabus’
end to continue with the debate characterized through VanMannen, above.

Sept. 11 (The Debate Over) Individual Dispositions

Davis-Blake & Pfeffer. 1989. Just a mirage: The search for dispositional effects in
organizational research. Academy of Management Review, 14: 203-224.
House, Shane & Herold. 1996. Rumors of the death of dispositional research are vastly
exaggerated. Academy of Management Review, 21: 203-224.
Chatman, J. 1989. Improving interactional organizational research: A model of person-
organization fit. Academy of Management Review, 14: 333-349.
Kilduff, M. & Day, D.V. 1994. Do chameleons get ahead: The effects of self-monitoring
on managerial careers. Academy of Management Journal, 37: 1047-1060.
Judge, T.A. & Bono, J.E. 2001. Relationship of core self-evaluation traits – self-efficacy,
locus of control, and emotional stability – with job satisfaction and job
performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86: 80-92.

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Sept. 18 Cognition and Sensemaking

Walsh, 1995. Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory
lane. Organization Science, 6: 280-321.
Ashforth, B.E. & Fried, Y. 1988. The mindlessness of organizational behaviors. Human
Relations, 41: 305-329.
Staw, B.M., Sandelands, L.E. & Dutton, J.E. 1981. Threat-rigidity effects in
organizational behavior: A multilevel analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly,
26: 501-524.
Weick, K.E. 1993. The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch
disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38: 628-652.

Sept. 25 Emotions and Emotional Expression in Organizations

Sutton, R.I. 1991. Maintaining norms about expressed emotions: The case of bill
collectors. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 245-268.
Martin, J., Knopoff, K., & Beckman, C. 1998. An alternative to bureaucratic
impersonality and emotional labor: Bounded emotionality at the Body Shop.
Administrative Science Quarterly, 43: 429-469.
Rafaeli, A. & Sutton, R.I. 1989. The expression of emotion in organizational life. In L.L.
Cummings and B.M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 11: 1-42.
Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press.
Elsbach, K.D. & Barr, P.S. 1999. The effects of mood on individuals’ use of structured
decision protocols. Organization Science, 10: 181-198.

Oct. 2 Motivation

Mitchell, T.R. 1982. Motivation: New directions for theory, research, and practice.
Academy of Management Review, 7: 80-88.
Mitchell, T.R. 1997. Matching motivational strategies with organizational contexts. In
L.L. Cummings and B.M. Staw, Research in Organizational Behavior, 19: 57-149.
Greenwich, CN: JAI Press
Kanfer, R. & Heggestad, E.D. 1997. Motivational traits and skills: A person-centered
approach to work motivation. In L.L. Cummings and B.M. Staw, Research in
Organizational Behavior, 19: 1-56.
Donovan, J.J. 2001. Work motivation. In Anderson et al. (Eds.), Handbook of industrial,
work and organizational psychology, pp. 53-76. Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage. Jones
Seo, M.G., Barrett, L.F. & Bartunek, J.M. 2003. The role of affective experience in work
motivation. In press, Academy of Management Review.

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Oct. 9 Extra Role Behaviors: Initiative and Individual Agency At Work

Van Dyne, L., Cummings, L.L., & McLean Parks, J. 1995. Extra-role behaviors: In
pursuit of construct and definitional clarity (a bridge over muddied waters). In L.L.
Cummings and B.M. Staw (Eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, 17: 215-
285. San Francisco, CA: JAI Press.
Farh, J.L., Earley, P.C., & Lin, S.C. 1997. Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of
justice and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese society. Administrative
Science Quarterly, 42: 421-444.
Wrzesniewski, A. & Dutton, J.E. 2001. Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active
crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26: 179-201.
Prasad, P. & Prasad, A. 2000. Stretching the iron cage: The constitution and implications
of routine workplace resistance. Organization Science, 11: 387-403.

Oct. 16 The “Dark Side” of Workplace Behaviors

Greenberg, J. 1990. Employee theft as a reaction to underpayment inequality: The


hidden costs of pay cuts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75: 561-568.
Andersson, L.M. & Pearson, C.M. 1999. Tit for tat?: The spiraling effect of incivility in
the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24: 452-471.
Robinson, S.L. & Bennett, R.J. 1995. A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A
multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38: 555-572.
Bacharach, S.B., Bamberger, P.A., & Sonnenstuhl, W.J. 2002. Driven to drink:
Managerial control, work-related risk factors, and employee problem drinking.
Academy of Management Journal, 45(4): 637-658.

Oct. 23 Stress, Burnout, & Coping

Meyerson, D.E. 1994. Interpretations of stress in institutions: The cultural production of


ambiguity and burnout. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 628-653.
Cordes, C.L. & Dougherty, T.W. 1993. A review and integration of research on job
burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18: 621-656.
Schaubroeck, J. & Merritt, D.E. 1997. Divergent effects of job control on coping with
work stressors: The key role of self-efficacy. Academy of Management Journal, 40:
738-754.
Edwards, J.R. 1992. A cybernetic theory of stress, coping and well-being in
organizations. Academy of Management Review, 17: 238-274.
Kahn, W. 1993. Caring for the caregivers: Patterns of organizational caregiving.
Administrative Science Quarterly, 38:

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Oct. 30 Socialization and Social Influence

Van Maanen, J. & Schein, E.G. 1979. Toward a theory of organizational socialization. In
B.M. Staw and L.L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 1:
209-264. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Louis, M.R. 1980. Surprise and sensemaking: What newcomers experience in entering
unfamiliar organizational settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25: 226-251.
Ibarra, H.1999. Provisional selves: Experimenting with image and identity in
professional adaptation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44: 764-791.
Chatman, J. 1991. Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in
public accounting firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 459-484.
Morrison, E.W. 2002. Newcomers’ relationships: The role of social network ties during
socialization. Academy of Management Journal, 45(6): 1149-1160.

Nov. 6 Demography and Diversity in Organizations

Ashforth, B.E. & Humphrey, R.H. 1995. Labeling processes in the organization:
Constructing the individual. In L.L. Cummings & B.M. Staw (Eds.), Research in
organizational behavior, 17: 413-461. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Clair, J.A., Beatty, J.E., & MacLean, T. In press. Out of sight but not out of mind:
Managing invisible social identities in the workplace. Academy of Management
Review.
Harrison, D.A., Price, K.H., Gavin, J.H., & Florey, A.T. 2002. Time, teams, and task
performance: Changing effects of surface- and deep-level diversity on group
functioning. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5): 1029-1045.
Ely, R. J. & Thomas, D.A. 2001. Cultural diversity at work: The effects of diversity
perspectives on work group processes and outcomes. Administrative Science
Quarterly, 46: 229-273.
Polzer, J.T., Milton, L.P., & Swann Jr., W.B. 2002. Capitalizing on diversity:
Interpersonal congruence in small work groups. Administrative Science Quarterly,
47: 296-324.

Nov. 13 Organizational and Work Attachments

Dutton, J.E., Dukerich, J.M. & Harquail, C.V. 1994. Organizational images and member
identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 239-263.
Kahn, W.A. 1990. Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement
at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33: 692-724.
Elsbach, K. D. 1999. An expanded model of organizational identification. In B.M. Staw
and L.L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 21: 163-200.
Greenwich, CN: JAI Press.

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Pratt, M. 2000. The good, the bad, and the ambivalent: Managing identification among
Amway distributors. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45(3): 456-493.
Brockner, J. Tyler, T.R., & Cooper-Schneider, R.C. 1992. The influence of prior
commitment to an institution on reactions to perceived unfairness: The higher they
are, the harder they fall. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37: 241-261.

Nov. 20 Leadership

Den Hartog, D.N. & Koopman, P.L. 2001. Leadership in organizations. In Anderson, N.
Ones, D.S., Sinangil, H.K. & Viswesvaran, C. (Eds). 2001. Handbook of industrial,
work, and organizational psychology (vol. 2). Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage. pp. 166-
187.
Pfeffer, J. 1981. Management as symbolic action: The creation and maintenance of
organizational paradigms. In L.L. Cummings & B.M. Staw (Eds.), Research in
organizational behavior, 3: 1-52. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Weber, R., Camerer, C., Rottenstreich, Y. & Knez, M. 2001. The illusion of leadership:
Misattribution of cause in coordination games. Organization Science, 12(5): 582-
598.
Sparrowe, R.T. & Liden, R.C. 1997. Process and structure in leader-member exchange.
Academy of Management Review, 22: 522-552.
House, R.J., Spangler, W.D. & Woycke, J. 1991. Personality and charisma in the U.S.
presidency: A psychological theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative Science
Quarterly, 36: 364-396.

Additional Resources

Introduction: Theory Building and Major Paradigms in Organizational Behavior


Rousseau, D. 1997. Organizational behavior in the new organizational era. In J.T.
Spence, J.M. Darley, & D.J. Foss (eds.), Annual Review of Psychology, (vol. 48,
pp. 515-546). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
Dent, E.B. 2002. The messy history of OB&D: How three strands came to be seen as one
rope. Journal of Management History, 40(3): 266-280.
Porter, L.W. 1996. Forty years of organizational studies: Reflections from a micro
perspective. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 262-269.
Alvesson, M. & Deetz, S. 2000. Alternative social science research perspectives. Doing
Critical Management Research: Chapter 2, pp. 23-48. London: Sage.
Bacharach, S.B. 1989. Organizational theories: Some criteria for evaluation. Academy
of Management Review, 14: 496-515.
Sutton, R.L. & Staw, B.M. 1995. What theory is not. Administrative Science Quarterly,
40: 371-384.
Weick, K.E. 1989. Theory construction as disciplined imagination. Academy of
Management Review, 14: 516-531.
Pfeffer, J. 1993. Barriers to the advance of organizational science: Paradigm
development as a dependent variable. Academy of Management Review, 18: 599-
620.

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Whetten, D. 1989. What constitutes a theoretical contribution? Academy of Management
Review, 14: 490-495.
Pfeffer, J. 1995. Mortality, reproducibility, and the persistence of styles of theory.
Organization Science, 6(6): 681-686.
Van Maanen, J. 1995. Fear and loathing in organization studies. Organization Science,
6(6): 687-692.

The Debate Over Individual Dispositions


Barrick, M.R. & Mount, M. 1991. The big five personality dimensions & job
performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44: 1-26.
Davis-Blake, A. & Pfeffer, J. 1996. Situational determinism? – One step forward, two
steps back? Academy of Management Review, April: 340-343.
Shane, S.A., Herold, D.M., & House, R.J. 1996. Situational determinism? – One step
forward, two steps back? Academy of Management Review, April: 343-345.
Meglino, B. & Ravlin, E. 1998. Individual values in organizations: Concepts,
controversies, and research. Journal of Management, 24: 351-389.
Staw, B. 2002. The dispositional approach to job attitudes: An empirical and conceptual
review. In B. Schneider & B. Smith (Eds.), Personality and Organization.
Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Staw, B., Bell, N. & Clausen, J. 1986. The dispositional approach to job attitudes: A
lifetime longitudinal test. Administrative Science Quarterly, 31: 56-77.

Cognition and Sensemaking


Weick, K.E. 1995. Sensemaking in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gioia & Poole. 1984. Scripts in organizational behavior. Academy of Management
Review, 9: 449-459.
Humphrey, R. 1985. How work roles influence perception: Structural-cognitive
processes and organizational behavior. American Sociological Review, 50: 242-
252.
Malle, B. 1999. How people explain behavior: A new theoretical framework. Personality
and Social Psychology Review, 3: 23-48.
Tetlock, P.E. 2000. Cognitive biases and organizational correctives: Do both disease and
cure depend on the politics of the beholder? Administrative Science Quarterly, 45:
293-326.
Bougon, M., Weick, K., & Binkhorst, D. 1977. Cognition in organizations: An analysis
of the Utrecht Jazz Orchestra. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22: 606-639.

Emotions and Emotional Expression in Organizations


Rafaeli, A. & Sutton, R.I. 1987. Expression of emotion as part of the work role.
Academy of Management Review, 12: 23-37.
Hochschild, A.R. 1979. Emotion work, feeling rules, and social structure. AJS, 85: 551-
575.
Hochschild, A.R. 1983. The managed heart. Berkeley & Los Angeles, CA: University of
California Press.
Fineman, E. (Ed.) 2000. Emotion in organizations (2nd Edition). London: Sage.

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Lord, R.G. ,Kimoski, R.J., & Kanger, R. (Eds.) 2002. Emotions in the workplace:
Understanding the structure and role of emotions in organizational behavior. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Ashkanasy, N.M. Hartel, C.E. & Zerbe, W.J. 2000. Emotions in the workplace: Research,
theory and practice. Westport, CN: Quorum Books.
Cropanzo, R., James, K. & Konosvsky, M.A. 1993. Dispositional affectivity as a
predictor or work attitudes and job performance. Journal of Organizational
Behavior ,14: 595-606.
Pugh, S.D. 2001. Service with a smile: Emotional contagion in a service encounter.
Academy of Management Journal, 44: 1018-1027.
Staw. B.M. & Barsade, S.G. 1993. Affect and managerial performance: A test of the
sadder-but-wiser vs. happier-and-smarter hypothesis. Administrative Science
Quarterly, 38: 304-331.
Huy, Q.N. 1999. Emotional capacity, emotional intelligence, and radical change.
Academy of Management Review, 24: 325-345.

Motivation
VanErde, W., & Thierry, H. 1996. Vroom’s expectancy models and work-related criteria:
A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81: 575-586.
Landy, F. & Becker, S. 1987. Motivation theory reconsidered. In B.M. Staw and L.L.
Cummings, Research in Organizational Behavior, 9.
George, J. & Brief, A. 1996. Motivational agendas in the workplace: The effects of
feelings on focus of attention and work motivation. Research in Organizational
Behavior, 18: 75-110.
Wood, R.E. & Locke, E.A. 1990. Goal setting and strategy effects on complex tasks. In
B.M. Staw and L.L. Cummings (Eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, 12: 73-
109.
Deci, E., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. 1999. A meta-analytic review of experiments
examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological
Bulletin, 125: 627-668.
Harder, J. 1991. Equity theory vs. expectancy theory: The case of major league baseball
free agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76: 458-464.

Extra Role Behaviors: Initiative and Individual Agency At Work


Organ, D.W. 1988. Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome.
Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Van Dyne, L. Graham, J.W., & Dienesch, R.M. 1994. Organizational citizenship
behavior: Construct redefinition, measurement, and validation. Academy of
Management Journal, 37: 765-802.
Podsakoff, P.M. , MacKenzie, S.B., Paine, J.B., & Bachrach, D.G. 2000. Organizational
citizenship behaviors: A critical view of the theoretical and empirical literature and
suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26: 513-563.
Meyerson, D.E. & Scully, M.A. 1995. Tempered radicalism and politics of ambivalence
and change. Organization Science, 6: 585-600.

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Bell, N.E. & Staw, B.M. 1989. People as sculptors versus sculpture: The role of
personality and personal control in organizations. In M.B. Arthur, D.T. Hall and
B.S. Lawrence (Eds.), Handbook of Career Theory, 232-251. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Creed, W.E.D. & Scully, M.A. 2000. Songs of ourselves: Employees’ deployment of
social identity in workplace encounters. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9: 391-
412.
Dutton, J.E., Ashford, S.J., O’Neill, R.M., & Lawrence, K.A. 2001. Moves that matter:
Issue selling and organizational change. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4):
716-736.

The “Dark Side” of Workplace Behaviors


O’Leary-Kelly, A.M., Griffin, R.W., & Glew, D.J. 1996. Organization-motivated
aggression: A research framework. Academy of Management Review, 21: 225-253.
Pearson, C., Andersson, L., & Wenger, J. 2001. When workers flout convention: A study
of workplace incivility. Human Relations, 54: 1387-1419.
Giaclaone, R.A. & Greenberg, J. (Eds.) 1998. Antisocial Behavior in Organizations. New
York: Walter De Gruyter & Company.
Bies, R.J. & Tripp. T.M. 1998. Revenge in organizations: The good, the bad, and the
ugly. In R.W. Griffin, A.M. O’Leary-Kelly, & J.M. Collins (Eds.), Dysfunctional
behavior in organizations: 49-67. Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
Greenberg, J. & Alge, B.J. 1998. Aggressive reactions to workplace injustice. In R.W.
Griffin, A.M. O’Leary-Kelly, & J.M. Collins (Eds.), Dysfunctional behavior in
organizations. Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
Robinson, S.L. & O’Leary-Kelly, J.M. 1998. Monkey see, monkey do: The influence of
work groups on antisocial behavior of employees. Academy of Management
Journal, 41: 658-672.
Skarlicki, D.P. & Folger, R. 1997. Retaliation in the workplace: The role of distributive,
procedural & interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82: 434-443.
O’Leary-Kelly, A.M., Paetzold, R.L., & Griffin, R.W. 2000. Sexual harassment as
aggressive behavior: An actor-based perspective. Academy of Management Review,
25: 372-388.

Socialization and Social Influence


Cialdini, R.B. & Trost, M.R. 1998. Social influence: Social norms, conformity, and
compliance. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of Social
Psychology (4th ed.), pp. 151-192. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Collison, D.L. 1992. Managing the shopfloor: Subjectivity, masculinity and workplace
culture. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Erez, M. & Earley, P.C. 1993. Culture, self-identity, and work. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Trice, H.M. 1993. Occupational subcultures in the workplace. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.
Trice, H.M. & Beyer, J.M. 1993. The cultures of work organizations. Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice-Hall.

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Bourassa, L. & Ashforth, B.E. 1998. You are about to party Defiant style: Socialization
and identity onboard an Alaskan fishing boat. Journal of Contemporary
Ethnography, 27: 171-196.
Ashforth, B.E. & Saks, A.M. 1996. Socialization tactics: Longitudinal effects on
newcomer adjustment. Academy of Management Journal, 39: 149-178.
Ashforth, B.E. & Kreiner, G.E. 1999. “How can you do it?”: Dirty work and the
challenge of constructing a positive identity. Academy of Management Review, 24:
413-434.

Demography and Diversity in Organizations


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Stress, Burnout & Coping


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