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* THIRD DIVISION.
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courts are invested for administering justice; that is, for hearing
and deciding cases. In order for the court to have authority to
dispose of the case on the merits, it must acquire jurisdiction over
the subject matter and the parties. Courts acquire jurisdiction
over the plaintiffs upon the filing of the complaint, and to be
bound by a decision, a party should first be subjected to the
court’s jurisdiction. Clearly, since no valid complaint was ever
filed with the RTC, Branch 8, Manila, the same did not acquire
jurisdiction over the person of respondent.
PERALTA, J.:
This is a petition for review on certiorari under Rule 45
of the Rules of Court seeking to reverse and set aside the
Decision1 and Resolution2 of the Court of Appeals (CA), in
CAG.R. CV No. 75895, entitled Kemper Insurance
Company v. Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc. The CA
Decision reversed and set aside the Order dated March 22,
2002 of the Regional Trial Court (RTC), Branch 8, Manila,
which granted the Motion to Dismiss filed by petitioner
Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc., and ordered that the case
be remanded to the trial court for further proceedings.
The antecedents are as follows:
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1 Penned by Associate Justice Japar B. Dimaampao, with Associate
Justices Conrado M. Vasquez, Jr. and Mario L. Guariña III, concurring;
Rollo, pp. 3138.
2 Id., at pp. 4041.
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346 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED
Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc. vs. Kemper Insurance
Company
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3 Records, p. 10.
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4 Id., at pp. 14.
5 Id., at pp. 1319.
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6 Id., at pp. 119122.
7 Id., at pp. 141142.
8 Id., at pp. 145147.
9 Id., at pp. 171172.
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10 CA Rollo, pp. 7481.
11 Id., at pp. 8695.
12 Id., at pp. 105106.
13 Rollo, p. 15.
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14 Records, pp. 148149.
15 Athena Computers, Inc. v. Reyes, G.R. No. 156905, September 5,
2007, 532 SCRA 343, 351; Development Bank of the Philippines v. Court of
Appeals, G.R. No. 147217, October 7, 2004, 440 SCRA 200, 205.
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16 Eagle Ridge Golf & Country Club v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
178989, March 18, 2010, 616 SCRA 116, 132.
17 Athena Computers, Inc. v. Reyes, G.R. No. 156905, September 5,
2007, 532 SCRA 343, 351.
18 Republic v. Coalbrine International Philippines, Inc., G.R. No.
161838, April 7, 2010, 617 SCRA 491, 498.
19 G.R. No. 143088, January 24, 2006, 479 SCRA 605, 608.
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20 Tamondong v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 158397, November 26,
2004, 444 SCRA 509, 520521.
21 Section 5 of Rule 7 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure provides:
SEC. 5. Certification against forum shopping.—The plaintiff
or principal party shall certify under oath in the complaint or
other initiatory pleading asserting a claim for relief, or in a sworn
certification annexed thereto and simultaneously filed therewith: (a) that
he has not theretofore commenced any action or filed any claim involving
the same issues in any court, tribunal or quasijudicial agency and, to the
best of his knowledge, no such other action or claim is pending therein; (b)
if there is such other pending action or claim, a complete statement of the
present status thereof; and (c) if he should thereafter learn that the same
or similar action or claim has been filed or is pending, he shall report that
fact within five (5) days therefrom to the court wherein his aforesaid
complaint or initiatory pleading has been filed.
Failure to comply with the foregoing requirements shall not be
curable by mere amendment of the complaint or other initiatory
pleading but shall be cause for the dismissal of the case without
prejudice, unless otherwise provided, upon motion and after hearing.
The submission of a false certification or noncompliance with any of the
undertakings therein shall constitute indirect contempt of court, without
prejudice to the corresponding administrative and criminal actions. If the
acts of the party or his counsel clearly constitute willful and deliberate
forum shopping, the same shall be ground for summary dismissal with
prejudice and shall constitute direct contempt, as well as a cause for
administrative sanctions. (Emphasis supplied.)
22 Republic v. Coalbrine International Philippines, Inc., supra note 18,
at p. 499.
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23 Supra note 18.
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24 Id., at pp. 500501. (Citations omitted.)
25 Clavecilla v. Quitain, G.R. No. 147989, February 20, 2006, 482
SCRA 623, 631.
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26 Supra note 20, cited in Negros Merchant's Enterprises, Inc. v. China
Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 150918, August 17, 2007, 530 SCRA 478,
487.
27 Id., at p. 519.
28 Perkin Elmer Singapore Pte. Ltd. v. Dakila Trading Corporation,
G.R. No. 172242, August 14, 2007, 530 SCRA 170, 186.
29 Figueroa v. People, G.R. No. 147406, July 14, 2008, 558 SCRA 63,
81.
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30 G.R. No. 167988, February 6, 2007, 514 SCRA 616.
31 In Tijam v. Sibonghanoy, 131 Phil. 556; 23 SCRA 29 (1968), the
Court held that a party may be barred by laches from invoking lack of
jurisdiction at a late hour for the purpose of annulling everything done in
the case with the active participation of said party invoking the plea of
lack of jurisdiction.
32 Id., at pp. 635636.
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