Reviewer for Science 8

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Matter changing from a solid to a liquid is called:

A. evaporation B. sublimation C. deposition D. melting
2. The melting point of water is:
A. 0°C B. 100°C C. 32°C D. 60°C
3. It is not possible for a solid substance to change directly to the gas phase.
A. True; it must go through a liquid phase first.
B. False; the process is called sublimation, and can be seen when dry ice “smokes” as it
evaporates.
C. False; the process is possible, but only for water and only under extreme
circumstances.
D. Mostly true. Only one known substance can do it: dumbledorium.
4. As you continuously add heat to a pan of water on the stove, the water temperature
A. continues to rise as long as more heat energy is added.
B. rises to 100°C. Any additional heat will cause the water to boil, as the energy is used
to change the phase, not raise the temperature.
C. decreases, because boiling is actually a cooling process.
5. Energy is absorbed by a substance when the phase changes
A. from liquid to solid or from liquid to gas.
B. from gas to liquid or from liquid to solid.
C. from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas.
D. from gas to solid or from solid to gas.
6. This group contains the highest energy in the ecosystem
A. consumer B. producer C. decomposer D. prey
7. Based on the figure on the right, which organism is a herbivore?
A. eagles
B. Snakes
C. Mice
D. Green Plants

For 8-11, choose the answer below:

A. Conduction C. Radiation
B. Evaporation D. Heat
8. The transfer of thermal energy by movement of particles through gases and liquids is
_____.
9. The transfer of thermal energy is ______.
10. The transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves is______.
11. The transfer of thermal energy by direct contact is _______.
12. Convection occurs most easily in liquids and gases because ______________.
A. their particles are spaced far enough that they can move easily.
B. their particles are at a low kinetic energy.
C. their particles are close together and vibrating
D. they have high heat capacities.
For 13-18, choose the answer below:
A. sublimation B. vaporization
C deposition D. freezing 

E. melting F. condensation 


13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

19. What kind of energy are you taking in when eating food?
A. thermal B. sound C. chemical D. electrical
20. What is the energy of motion?
A.radiant B. kinetic C. gravitational D. potential
21. Which is an example of potential energy?
A. A car sitting at the top of a hill
B. A kite flying in the air
C. A fox chasing a mouse
D. A bowling ball rolling
22. Conduction, convection, and radiation ALL
A. occur most easily in solids.
B. require direct contact.
C. can transfer heat without particles.
D. transfer thermal energy from high to low temperatures.

For 23-27, refer to the figure below

23. The MELTING POINT of the substance is represented by

A. A to B B. C to D C. B to C D. D to E
24. The BOILING POINT of the substance is represented by ________________.
A. A to B B. C to D C. B to C D. D to E
25. Heat is added between points D and E. The substance is ____________________.
A. sublimating B. freezing C. melting D. boiling
26. Between points C and D, the substance is _______________.
A. a liquid increasing in temperature.
B. a liquid/gas mixture.
C. a solid/liquid mixture.
D. a solid.
27. If heat is REMOVED from point E and the temperature is not changed, the
substance will __________.
A. condense B. melt C. boil D. evaporate
28. Competition is most likely to occur between which two organisms?
A. deer & butterflies B. goldfish & rabbits
C. owls & bacteria D. grass & strawberry plants
29. How do decomposers obtain their food?
A. hunting and killing prey for food
B. changing carbon dioxide and water into food
C. absorbing food from dead organisms
D. producing food from oxygen and sunlight
30. Friction can create...
A. thermal energy B. kinetic energy C. nuclear fission D. electrical energy
31. Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to
A. their speed
B. how they reproduce
C. how they get food
D. the size of their communities
32. Some microorganisms cause human disease. Other microorganisms are used in
making cheese, yogurt, and bread. Based on this information, the relationship between
humans and microorganisms can be
A. beneficial, only B. harmful, only C. beneficial or harmful
33. When oxygen in the air reacts with iron, iron oxide forms. Which of the following
statements is correct?
A. This is a physical change.
B. This is a chemical change.
C. Iron and iron oxide have the same properties.
D. Oxygen and iron have similar properties.
34. What energy transformation takes place when you turn on an electric light?
A Chemical → light + heat
B Chemical → electrical + heat
C Mechanical → light + heat
D Electrical → light + heat
35. A burning candle changes —
A. chemical energy into mechanical energy
B. chemical energy into electromagnetic and heat energy
C. thermal energy into chemical energy
D. chemical energy into electrical energy
36. A hairdryer converts—
A. electrical energy into chemical energy
B. electrical energy into thermal energy
C. chemical energy into mechanical energy
D. thermal energy into mechanical energy
37. What energy transformation occurs when gasoline burns in an automobile?
A. thermal → electrical + mechanical
B. mechanical → chemical + electrical
C. chemical → thermal + nuclear
D. chemical → mechanical + thermal
38. Which is the BEST indication that a chemical reaction has taken place?
A. Blue powder turns water blue
B. A white substance dissolving in water
C. Metal bubbling when placed in an unknown liquid
39. Dilute acids and alkalis react together to form
A. salt B. water C. both a and b D. gases
40. Some spoons are made with the element silver (Ag). Over time, these spoons will
turn black if they are not cleaned with a special solution. Which of the following
statements BEST explains why the element silver in the spoons turns black?
A. It absorbs energy when exposed to warm food.
B. It breaks down into smaller and smaller particles.
C. It reacts with substances in the air to form a new substance.
D. It changes from one phase of matter into another phase of matter.

II. SHORT ANSWER

1. Sometimes when music is played loudly, you can feel your body shake. Explain what
is happening in terms of energy transfer.

2. When a musician pulls the strings of a guitar, what happens to make the sound reach
your ear?
3. a) Construct a food web from the following:
Berries are eaten by greenflies, butterflies, and grasshoppers. Greenflies are eaten by
ladybugs, which are then eaten by dragonflies. Frogs eat dragonflies, butterflies, and
grasshoppers. Snakes eat frogs. A buzzard(a kind of bird) eats snakes and rabbits.
Rabbits eat grass. Foxes eat rabbits.
b) Explain the process of energy production and consumption within the food web.

4. Knowing that the Sun is very very far away from the Earth, explain how it is able to
provide heat to the surface.

5. Enumerate five energy transformations and a practical example for each.

III. ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS: Identify the types of energy in the scenarios and
make an energy transfer chain to show how energy is transformed.
1. Anne is camping in the woods. She wanted to have a cup of tea. She took some
dried woods and started a fire, putting the kettle on top of it. After a while, the kettle
begins whistling, making the other campers know about the boiling water.
(a) Class of energy of the bike before it went up the hill:
(b) Type of energy given by Carl to the bike:
(c) Draw the energy transformation chain:

2. Carl pedals his bike up a hill then coasts it down the slope.
(a) Class of energy of the water:
(b) Type of energy of the water:
(c) Draw the energy transformation chain: