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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
Abstract
Gears or toothed wheels form a positive drive for power transmission system in precision machines wherein a
definite velocity ratio is needed. Despite having high cost, complicated manufacturing, need of precise
alignment of shafts and lubrication, the gear drives are preferred over other power transmission drives. One of
the important reasons of preference being that of efficiency which is very high in gear drives, even upto 99 per
cent in case of spur gears. Spur gears are the simplest of the gear drives having teeth cut parallel to the axis of
the shaft. Herein, we report the contact stress analysis of Stainless Steel spur gears by theoretical method using
Hertz equations and by Finite Element Analysis using FEA software ANSYS 14.0 Workbench. The spur gear is
sketched and modelled in ANSYS Design Modeller and the contact stress analysis is done in Mechanical
ANSYS Multiphysics. When compared, the results of both theoretical method and FEA show a good degree of
agreement with each other.
Keywords: Spur Gear, Contact Stress, Hertz Equations, ANSYS 14.0 Workbench, Finite Element Analysis.
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M Jebran Khan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
The Spur gear is sketched and modelled in ANSYS Design Modeller. The dimensions of the gear set are
given in Table 2. The values are same for both gears in assembly.
The following figures show the 2D sketch of Spur gear and 3D model of Spur gear respectively.
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M Jebran Khan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
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M Jebran Khan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
( )
Now for stainless steel, again from table 1
( )[ ] (iii) modulus of elasticity Substituting
( ) this value of E in equation (vii), we have,
( )
( )* + (iv)
( ) ( ) (viii)
Now applying this equation to a pair of spur gear Now from equation (v), we have
teeth in contact, we need to replace the radii r1 & r2
by the radii of curvature at the pitch point [7].
Therefore we have,
and
Where, is the radius of pitch circle for both pinion
where, pitch circle diameter of pinion and gear.
pitch circle diameter of gear
Substituting this value of in equation (viii) we get,
Now, since the pinion and gear have equal
geometry in all respects as given in table 2 in section ( ) (ix)
3 above, therefore we have,
Now, , where, is the tangential
component of the resultant force P between two
Therefore we have, meshing teeth. Substituting this valve of P in
equation (ix) we get,
and
( ) (x)
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M Jebran Khan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
Also,
( ) (xii)
( )
(xiv)
( ) For the design to be safe, the tooth surface
strength must be greater than the dynamic load on
gear tooth .[8]
( ) The dynamic load on gear tooth from [7] is given by,
(xv)
√
( )
Where, pitch line velocity (m/s)
deformation factor (N/mm2)
Sum of errors between two meshing teeth (mm)
face width of tooth (mm)
tangential component of force (N)
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M Jebran Khan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
In our case,
&
Therefore we have,
√ (xvi)
[ ]
√
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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
Figure 3: Meshing
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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ( Part -5) April 2015, pp. 10-18
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_element_
Acknowledgement method.
Mohammad Jebran Khan may like to express his
gratitude to Burhan ul Islam Khan, Rajbir Singh
Cheema, Mrs. Shafquat Ara, Ms. Safira Naheed,
Bilal Ahmad Gadda and last but not the least to his
parents for their constant encouragement and
inspirational guidance.
References
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[11] "Finite Element Method." Wikipedia.
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