1.7.

Member Size and Check Stability

1.7.1 Purlin and Sagrod

1.7.1.1 Material Specification
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Ultimate stress fu = 370 MPa
Residual stress fr = 70 MPa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200,000.00 MPa
Poisson's ratio u = 0.3

1.7.1.2 Profile Specification

Lip Channel : C 150.65.20.2,3

ht = 150 mm
b = 65 mm
a = 20 mm
t = 2.3 mm
A = 701.2 mm2
Ix = 2,480,000 mm4
Iy = 411,000 mm4
Sx = 33,000 mm3
Sy = 9,370 mm3
rx = 59.4 mm
ry = 24.2 mm
c = 21.2
Profile Weight, w = 5.5 kg/m

Strength reduction factor fb = 0.90

Shear reduction factor ff = 0.75
Sagrod diameter d = 10.00 mm
Slant distance between purlin s = 1,000 mm
Purlin length L1 = 6,000 mm
Distance between sagrod L2 = 2,000 mm
Roof angle a = 10 °
1.7.1.3 Section Properties
a. Shear modulus (G)
G = E / [ 2 * (1 + u) ]
= 76,923.08 Mpa

b. Profile clearence (h)

h = ht - t
= 147.70 mm

c. Torsion constants (J)

J = 2 * 1/3 * b * t3 + 1/3 * (ht - 2 * t) * t3 + 2/3 * (a - t) * t3
= 1,260.50 mm4

d. Flection constants (Iw)

Iw = Iy * h2 / 4
2,241,521,048 mm6

e. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X1 = p/Sx * √ [ E * G * J * A/2 ]
= 7,850 Mpa

f. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X2 = 4 * [ Sx / (G * J) ] * Iw / Iy
2

= 0.00253 mm2/N2

g. Plastic section modulus of the X-axis

Zx = 1/4 * ht * t2 + a * t * (ht - a) + t * (b - 2 * t) * (ht - t)
= 26,697 mm3

h. Plastic section modulus of the Y-axis

Zy = ht*t*(c - t/2) + 2*a*t*(b - c - t/2) + t * (c - t)2 + t * (b - t - c) 2
= 15,624 mm3

1.7.1.4 Purlin Load

a. Dead Load
Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Self weight 55.0 N/m 55.0
Roof weight 150.0 N/m2 1.2 180.0
Total Dead Load QDL 235.0 N/m

b. Live Load
Uniform load (QLL)
Live loads due to rain water load equivalent to the load calculated height of
mm thick puddles.
 Purlin distance (s) = 1 m
Water density = 1000 kg/m3 = 10 kN/m3

Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Rain load 250.0 N/m 250.0
Total Live Load Q LL 250.0

Concentrated load (PLL)

Concentrated loads caused by workers or people = 1000 N

Wide P
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N)
Concentrated Load 1000 N 1000
Total Dead Load PLL 1000

1.7.1.5 Ultimate Load

a. Ultimate uniform load (Qu)

Qu = 1.2QDL + 1.6QLL
= 682 N/m

b. Ultimate concentrated load (Pu)

Pu = 1.6PLL
= 1,600 N/m

c. Roof angle (a)

a = 0.1745 rad

d. Uniform load on the X-axis (Qux)

Qux = Qu * cos a *10-3
= 0.6716 N/mm
 e. Uniform load on the Y-axis (Qux)
Quy = Qu * sin a *10-3
= 0.1184 N/mm

f. Concentrated load on the X-axis (Pux)

Pux = Pu * cos a
= 1,575.69 N

g. Concentrated load on the Y-axis (Puy)

Puy = Pu * sin a
= 277.84 N

1.7.1.6 Moment and Shear Force due to Ultimate Loads

a. Purlin span length on the X-axis (Lx)
Lx = L1 = 6,000 mm

b. Purlin span length on the Y-axis (Ly)

Ly = L2 = 2,000 mm

c. Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis (M ux)

Mux = 1/10 * Qux * Lx2 + 1/8 * Pux * Lx
= 3,599,669.30 Nmm

d. Moment at quarter span (MA)

MA = 2,699,751.97 Nmm

e. Moment at half span (MB)

MB = 3,599,669.30 Nmm

f. Moment at 3/4 span (MC)

MC = 2,699,751.97 Nmm

g. Moment due to ultimateoads to the Y-axis (M ux)

Muy = 1/10 * Quy * Ly2 + 1/8 * Puy * Ly
= 116,830.49 Nmm

h. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (V ux)

Vux = Qux * Lx + Pux
= 5,605.53 N

i. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (V uy)

Vuy = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N
1.7.1.7 Nominal Effect of Local Buckling Moment
Effect of local buckling on flank :
a. Slenderness of The Flank Section
l = b/t
= 28.26

b. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Compact Cross-Section

lp = 170 / √ fy
= 10.97

c. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Non=Compact Cross-Section

lr = 370 / √ (fy - fr)
= 28.38

d. Plastic Moment of The X-axis (Mpx)

Mpx = f y * Zx
= 6,407,246.16 Nmm

e. Plastic Moment of The Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = f y * Zy
= 3,749,713.92 Nmm

f. Bending Moment on The X-axis Limits

Mrx = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 5,610,000.00 Nmm

g. Bending Moment on The Y-axis Limits

Mry = Sy * ( fy - fr )
= 1,592,900.00 Nmm

Nominal cross-sectional moment conditions :

a. Compact cross section (l £ lp)
Mn = Mp

b. Non Compact cross section (lp < l £ lr)

Mn = Mp - (Mp - Mr) * ( l - lp) / ( lr - lp)

c. Sectional trim l > lr

Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2

Of calculation obtained the following results :

l > lp and l < lr

Based on the value of the slenderness of the flank, including the cross-section :
Non-Compact
 Nominal moment cross the X-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = -

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 5,615,351.93

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = -
Mnx = 5,615,351.93

So the nominal moment cross the X-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 5615351.93 Nmm

Nominal moment cross the Y-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = -

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 1,607,378.73

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = -
Mny = 1,607,378.73

So the nominal moment cross the Y-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 1,607,378.73 Nmm

1.7.1.8 Nominal Effect of Lateral Buckling Moment

Nominal moment component structures with lateral buckling effect is calculated as
follows :
a. Short Span (L ≤ Lp)
Mn = Mp = f y * Zx

b. Medium Span (Lp ≤ L ≤ Lr)

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L ) / ( Lr - Lp ) ] ≤

c. Long Span (L > Lr)

Mn = Cb * p/L*√ [E * Iy * G * J + (p * E/L )2 * Iy * Iw] ≤

d. The maximum span length of the beam is able to hold the plastic moment (Lp)
Lp = 1.76 * ry * √ ( E / fy )
= 1,229.53 mm

e. The difference between the yield stress and residual stress (f L)

fL = fy - fr
= 170 Mpa
f. Minimum length of span beam prisoners critical buckling moment determined by lateral
torsional (Lr)
Lr = ry * X1 / fL * √ [ 1 + √ ( 1 + X2 * fL2 ) ]
= 3,462.96 mm

g. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient (C b)

Cb = 12.5 * Mux / ( 2.5*Mux + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC )
= 1.14

h. Plastic moment of the X-axis (Mpx)

Mpx = fy * Zx
= 6,407,246.16 Nmm

i. Plastic moment of the Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = fy * Zy
= 3,749,713.92 Nmm

j. Bending moment on the X-axis limits (Mrx)

Mrx = Sx * (fy - fr)
= 5,610,000.00 Nmm

k. Bending moment on the Y-axis limits (Mry)

Mry = Sy * (fy - fr)
= 1,592,900.00 Nmm

l. Span length of the Y-axis (distance lateral support), L = L 2

L = 2,000.00 mm

Of calculation, obtained the following results :

L > Lp dan L < Lr

thus belongs to the category : medium span

Nominal moment on the X-axis is calculated as follows :

Mnx = Mpx = fy * Zx = -

Mnx = Cb * [ Mrx + ( Mpx - Mrx ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 6,968,429.51

Mnx = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = -

Mnx = 6,968,429.51

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 6,968,429.51
Nmm
 Mnx > Mpx, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 6,407,246.16
Nmm

Nominal moment on the Y-axis is calculated as follows :

Mny = Mpx = fy * Zy = -

Mny = Cb * [ Mry + ( Mpy - Mry ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 3,415,536.26

Mny = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = -

Mny = 3,415,536.26

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 3,415,536.26
Nmm

Mny < Mpy, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 3,415,536.26
Nmm

1.7.1.9 Resistance Bending Moment

Nominal moment on the X-axis
a. By the influence of local buckling Mnx = 5,615,351.93
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mnx = 6,407,246.16
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mnx = 5,615,351.93
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mnx = 5,053,816.73

Nominal moment on the Y-axis

a. By the influence of local buckling Mny = 1,607,378.73
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mny = 3,415,536.26
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mny = 1,607,378.73
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mny = 1,446,640.85

Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis Mux = 3,599,669.30

Moment due to ultimate loads to the Y-axis Muy = 116,830.49

Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) = 0.7123

Muy / ( fb * Mny ) = 0.0808

Requirements that must be met are :

Mux / ( f b * Mnx ) + Muy / ( f b * Mny ) ≤ 1.0
0.7930 < 1.0 (SAFE)

1.7.1.10 Shear Resistance

Profile without stiffener plate thickness shall meet the following requirements :
h/t ≤ 6.36 * Ö ( E / fy )
64.22 < 183.60 Thickness profile qualify
 a. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (V ux)
Vux = 5,605.53 N

b. Cross-sectional area profile (Aw)

Aw = t * ht
= 345 mm2

c. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (V nx)

Vnx = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 49,680.00 N

d. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 37,260.00 N

e. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (V uy)

Vuy = 514.69 N

f. Cross-sectional area profile (Af)

Af = 2*b*t
= 299 mm2

g. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (Vny)

Vny = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 43,056.00 N

h. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 32,292.00 N

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) = 0.1504

Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) = 0.0159

Requirements that must be met are :

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) ≤ 1.0
0.1664 < 1.0 (SAFE)

1.7.1.11 Shear and Bending Moment Interaction Control

Requirements that must be met for the shear and bending moment interaction is :
Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) £ 1.375

Mu / ( fb * Mn = Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) + Muy / ( fb * Mny )

= 0.7930

Vu/( ff * Vn ) = Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny )

= 0.1664
 Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) = 0.897

0.897 < 1.375 SAFE

1.7.1.12 Sagrod Tensile Resistance

a. Ultimate uniform load on purlin (Quy)
Quy = 0.1184 N/mm

b. Ultimate concentrated load on purlin (Puy)

Puy = 277.84 N

c. Sagrod length (Ly)

Is equal to the distance between purlin
Ly = L2 = 2000 mm

d. Tensile force on sagrod due ultimate load (T u)

Tu = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N

e. Yield stress (fy) = 240 MPa

f. Ultimate stress (fu) = 370 MPa

g. Sagrod diameter (d)

d = 10 mm

h. Sagrod gross cross-sectional area (Ag)

Ag = p / 4 * d2
= 78.54 mm2

i. Sagrod effective cross-sectional area (A e)

Ae = 0.9 * Ag
= 70.686 mm2

j. Sagrod tensile resistance by the gross cross-sectional area

f * Tn = 0.90 * Ag * fy
= 16,964.60 N

k. Sagrod tensile resistance by the effective cross-sectional area

f * Tn = 0.75 * Ae * fu
= 19,615.32 N

Use the smallest tensile resistance f * Tn = 16,964.60 N

Requirements that must be met are : Tu £ f * Tn

514.69 < 16,964.60 (SAFE)
25
Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

Mp

Mp
mined by lateral

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

6,968,429.51
6,407,246.16

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

3,415,536.26

3,415,536.26

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm

Nmm
Nmm
(SAFE)
1.7. Member Size and Check Stability

1.7.1 Purlin and Sagrod

1.7.1.1 Material Specification
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Ultimate stress fu = 370 MPa
Residual stress fr = 70 MPa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200,000.00 MPa
Poisson's ratio u = 0.3

1.7.1.2 Profile Specification

Lip Channel : C 124.49.19.2,2

ht = 124 mm
b = 49 mm
a = 19 mm
t = 2.2 mm
A = 701.2 mm2
Ix = 2,480,000 mm4
Iy = 411,000 mm4
Sx = 33,000 mm3
Sy = 9,370 mm3
rx = 59.4 mm
ry = 24.2 mm
c = 21.2
Profile Weight, w = 5.5 kg/m

Strength reduction factor fb = 0.90

Shear reduction factor ff = 0.75
Sagrod diameter d = 10.00 mm
Slant distance between purlin s = 1,000 mm
Purlin length L1 = 4,000 mm
Distance between sagrod L2 = 2,000 mm
Roof angle a = 10 °
1.7.1.3 Section Properties
a. Shear modulus (G)
G = E / [ 2 * (1 + u) ]
= 76,923.08 Mpa

b. Profile clearence (h)

h = ht - t
= 121.80 mm

c. Torsion constants (J)

J = 2 * 1/3 * b * t3 + 1/3 * (ht - 2 * t) * t3 + 2/3 * (a - t) * t3
= 891.59 mm4

d. Flection constants (Iw)

Iw = Iy * h2 / 4
1,524,320,910 mm6

e. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X1 = p/Sx * √ [ E * G * J * A/2 ]
= 6,602 Mpa

f. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X2 = 4 * [ Sx / (G * J) ] * Iw / Iy
2

= 0.00343 mm2/N2

g. Plastic section modulus of the X-axis

Zx = 1/4 * ht * t2 + a * t * (ht - a) + t * (b - 2 * t) * (ht - t)
= 16,490 mm3

h. Plastic section modulus of the Y-axis

Zy = ht*t*(c - t/2) + 2*a*t*(b - c - t/2) + t * (c - t)2 + t * (b - t - c) 2
= 9,951 mm3

1.7.1.4 Purlin Load

a. Dead Load
Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Self weight 55.0 N/m 55.0
Roof weight 150.0 N/m2 1.2 180.0
Total Dead Load QDL 235.0 N/m

b. Live Load
Uniform load (QLL)
Live loads due to rain water load equivalent to the load calculated height of
mm thick puddles.
 Purlin distance (s) = 1 m
Water density = 1000 kg/m3 = 10 kN/m3

Wide Q
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N/m)
Rain load 250.0 N/m 250.0
Total Live Load Q LL 250.0

Concentrated load (PLL)

Concentrated loads caused by workers or people = 1000 N

Wide P
Load Type Weight Unit
(m) (N)
Concentrated Load 1000 N 1000
Total Dead Load PLL 1000

1.7.1.5 Ultimate Load

a. Ultimate uniform load (Qu)

Qu = 1.2QDL + 1.6QLL
= 682 N/m

b. Ultimate concentrated load (Pu)

Pu = 1.6PLL
= 1,600 N/m

c. Roof angle (a)

a = 0.1745 rad

d. Uniform load on the X-axis (Qux)

Qux = Qu * cos a *10-3
= 0.6716 N/mm
 e. Uniform load on the Y-axis (Qux)
Quy = Qu * sin a *10-3
= 0.1184 N/mm

f. Concentrated load on the X-axis (Pux)

Pux = Pu * cos a
= 1,575.69 N

g. Concentrated load on the Y-axis (Puy)

Puy = Pu * sin a
= 277.84 N

1.7.1.6 Moment and Shear Force due to Ultimate Loads

a. Purlin span length on the X-axis (Lx)
Lx = L1 = 4,000 mm

b. Purlin span length on the Y-axis (Ly)

Ly = L2 = 2,000 mm

c. Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis (M ux)

Mux = 1/10 * Qux * Lx2 + 1/8 * Pux * Lx
= 1,862,468.42 Nmm

d. Moment at quarter span (MA)

MA = 1,396,851.32 Nmm

e. Moment at half span (MB)

MB = 1,862,468.42 Nmm

f. Moment at 3/4 span (MC)

MC = 1,396,851.32 Nmm

g. Moment due to ultimateoads to the Y-axis (M ux)

Muy = 1/10 * Quy * Ly2 + 1/8 * Puy * Ly
= 116,830.49 Nmm

h. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (V ux)

Vux = Qux * Lx + Pux
= 4,262.25 N

i. Shear Force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (V uy)

Vuy = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N
1.7.1.7 Nominal Effect of Local Buckling Moment
Effect of local buckling on flank :
a. Slenderness of The Flank Section
l = b/t
= 22.27

b. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Compact Cross-Section

lp = 170 / √ fy
= 10.97

c. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Non=Compact Cross-Section

lr = 370 / √ (fy - fr)
= 28.38

d. Plastic Moment of The X-axis (Mpx)

Mpx = f y * Zx
= 3,957,613.44 Nmm

e. Plastic Moment of The Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = f y * Zy
= 2,388,334.08 Nmm

f. Bending Moment on The X-axis Limits

Mrx = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 5,610,000.00 Nmm

g. Bending Moment on The Y-axis Limits

Mry = Sy * ( fy - fr )
= 1,592,900.00 Nmm

Nominal cross-sectional moment conditions :

a. Compact cross section (l £ lp)
Mn = Mp

b. Non Compact cross section (lp < l £ lr)

Mn = Mp - (Mp - Mr) * ( l - lp) / ( lr - lp)

c. Sectional trim l > lr

Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2

Of calculation obtained the following results :

l > lp and l < lr

Based on the value of the slenderness of the flank, including the cross-section :
Non-Compact
 Nominal moment cross the X-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = -

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 5,030,384.02

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = -
Mnx = 5,030,384.02

So the nominal moment cross the X-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 5030384.02 Nmm

Nominal moment cross the Y-axis is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = -

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 1,871,918.43

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2 = -
Mny = 1,871,918.43

So the nominal moment cross the Y-axis is equal to the Non-Compact

at : 1,871,918.43 Nmm

1.7.1.8 Nominal Effect of Lateral Buckling Moment

Nominal moment component structures with lateral buckling effect is calculated as
follows :
a. Short Span (L ≤ Lp)
Mn = Mp = f y * Zx

b. Medium Span (Lp ≤ L ≤ Lr)

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L ) / ( Lr - Lp ) ] ≤

c. Long Span (L > Lr)

Mn = Cb * p/L*√ [E * Iy * G * J + (p * E/L )2 * Iy * Iw] ≤

d. The maximum span length of the beam is able to hold the plastic moment (Lp)
Lp = 1.76 * ry * √ ( E / fy )
= 1,229.53 mm

e. The difference between the yield stress and residual stress (f L)

fL = fy - fr
= 170 Mpa
f. Minimum length of span beam prisoners critical buckling moment determined by lateral
torsional (Lr)
Lr = ry * X1 / fL * √ [ 1 + √ ( 1 + X2 * fL2 ) ]
= 3,118.80 mm

g. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient (C b)

Cb = 12.5 * Mux / ( 2.5*Mux + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC )
= 1.14

h. Plastic moment of the X-axis (Mpx)

Mpx = fy * Zx
= 3,957,613.44 Nmm

i. Plastic moment of the Y-axis (Mpy)

Mpy = fy * Zy
= 2,388,334.08 Nmm

j. Bending moment on the X-axis limits (Mrx)

Mrx = Sx * (fy - fr)
= 5,610,000.00 Nmm

k. Bending moment on the Y-axis limits (Mry)

Mry = Sy * (fy - fr)
= 1,592,900.00 Nmm

l. Span length of the Y-axis (distance lateral support), L = L 2

L = 2,000.00 mm

Of calculation, obtained the following results :

L > Lp dan L < Lr

thus belongs to the category : medium span

Nominal moment on the X-axis is calculated as follows :

Mnx = Mpx = fy * Zx = -

Mnx = Cb * [ Mrx + ( Mpx - Mrx ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 5,263,047.45

Mnx = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = -

Mnx = 5,263,047.45

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 5,263,047.45
Nmm
 Mnx > Mpx, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 3,957,613.44
Nmm

Nominal moment on the Y-axis is calculated as follows :

Mny = Mpx = fy * Zy = -

Mny = Cb * [ Mry + ( Mpy - Mry ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 2,345,390.90

Mny = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = -

Mny = 2,345,390.90

So the nominal moment on the X-axis for medium span structure is at 2,345,390.90
Nmm

Mny < Mpy, so the nominal moment for the X-axis is used for 2,345,390.90
Nmm

1.7.1.9 Resistance Bending Moment

Nominal moment on the X-axis
a. By the influence of local buckling Mnx = 5,030,384.02
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mnx = 3,957,613.44
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mnx = 3,957,613.44
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mnx = 3,561,852.10

Nominal moment on the Y-axis

a. By the influence of local buckling Mny = 1,871,918.43
b. By the influence of lateral buckling Mny = 2,345,390.90
c. Nominal moment to determine the smallest X-axis Mny = 1,871,918.43
d. Resistance bending moment on the X-axis = fb * Mny = 1,684,726.59

Moment due to ultimate loads to the X-axis Mux = 1,862,468.42

Moment due to ultimate loads to the Y-axis Muy = 116,830.49

Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) = 0.5229

Muy / ( fb * Mny ) = 0.0693

Requirements that must be met are :

Mux / ( f b * Mnx ) + Muy / ( f b * Mny ) ≤ 1.0
0.5922 < 1.0 (SAFE)

1.7.1.10 Shear Resistance

Profile without stiffener plate thickness shall meet the following requirements :
h/t ≤ 6.36 * Ö ( E / fy )
55.36 < 183.60 Thickness profile qualify
 a. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the X-axis (V ux)
Vux = 4,262.25 N

b. Cross-sectional area profile (Aw)

Aw = t * ht
= 272.8 mm2

c. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (V nx)

Vnx = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 39,283.20 N

d. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 29,462.40 N

e. Shear force due to ultimate loads on the Y-axis (V uy)

Vuy = 514.69 N

f. Cross-sectional area profile (Af)

Af = 2*b*t
= 215.6 mm2

g. Nominal shear resistance on the X-axis (Vny)

Vny = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 31,046.40 N

h. Shear resistance of the X-axis

ff * Vnx = 23,284.80 N

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) = 0.1447

Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) = 0.0221

Requirements that must be met are :

Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny ) ≤ 1.0
0.1668 < 1.0 (SAFE)

1.7.1.11 Shear and Bending Moment Interaction Control

Requirements that must be met for the shear and bending moment interaction is :
Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) £ 1.375

Mu / ( fb * Mn = Mux / ( fb * Mnx ) + Muy / ( fb * Mny )

= 0.5922

Vu/( ff * Vn ) = Vux / ( ff * Vnx ) + Vuy / ( ff * Vny )

= 0.1668
 Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) = 0.696

0.696 < 1.375 SAFE

1.7.1.12 Sagrod Tensile Resistance

a. Ultimate uniform load on purlin (Quy)
Quy = 0.1184 N/mm

b. Ultimate concentrated load on purlin (Puy)

Puy = 277.84 N

c. Sagrod length (Ly)

Is equal to the distance between purlin
Ly = L2 = 2000 mm

d. Tensile force on sagrod due ultimate load (T u)

Tu = Quy * Ly + Puy
= 514.69 N

e. Yield stress (fy) = 240 MPa

f. Ultimate stress (fu) = 370 MPa

g. Sagrod diameter (d)

d = 10 mm

h. Sagrod gross cross-sectional area (Ag)

Ag = p / 4 * d2
= 78.54 mm2

i. Sagrod effective cross-sectional area (A e)

Ae = 0.9 * Ag
= 70.686 mm2

j. Sagrod tensile resistance by the gross cross-sectional area

f * Tn = 0.90 * Ag * fy
= 16,964.60 N

k. Sagrod tensile resistance by the effective cross-sectional area

f * Tn = 0.75 * Ae * fu
= 19,615.32 N

Use the smallest tensile resistance f * Tn = 16,964.60 N

Requirements that must be met are : Tu £ f * Tn

514.69 < 16,964.60 (SAFE)
25
Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

Mp

Mp
mined by lateral

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

5,263,047.45
3,957,613.44

Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

2,345,390.90

2,345,390.90

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm

Nmm
Nmm
(SAFE)
1.7.2 Wind Bracing

Tensile force on sagrod due to ultimate load Tu = 2010 N

1.7.2.1 Material Specification

Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Ultimate stress fup = 370 MPa
Connector plate thickness tp = 8 mm
Connector plate width Lp = 50 mm

1.7.2.2 Element Data

Sagrod diameter
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Ultimate stress fu = 370 MPa
Sagrod diameter dt = 16 mm

Bolt type : A-325

Yield stress fy = 740 MPa
Ultimate stress fub = 825 Mpa
Bolt diameter db = 12 mm
Number of bolt in a row n = 2 pcs

Welding angle
Welding type : E7013
Ultimate stress of welding material fuw = 390 Mpa
Welding rhicknees tw = 4 mm
Welding length Lw = 100 mm
1.7.2.3 Plate Tensile Force Durability
a. Gross sectional area (Ag)
Ag = t p * Lp
= 400 mm2

b. Effective sectional area (Ae)

Ae = tp * [Lp - (db + 2)]
= 288 mm2

c. Plate tensile force durability base on gross sectional area

f * Tn = 0.9 * Ag * fy
= 86400 N

d. Plate tensile force durability base on effective sectional area

f * Tn = 0.75 * Ae * fup
= 79920 N

Smallest tensile force plate durability is 79920 N

1.7.2.4 Sagrod Tensile Force Durability

a. Gross sectional area (Ag)
Ag = p / 4 * dt2
= 201.06 mm2

b. Effective sectional area (Ae)

Ae = 0.9 * Ag
= 180.96 mm2

c. Sagrod tensile force durability base on gross sectional area

f * Tn = 0.9 * Ag * fy
= 43429.38 N

d. Plate tensile force durability base on effective sectional area

f * Tn = 0.75 * Ae * fu
= 50215.22 N

Smallest tensile force plate durability is 43429 N

1.7.2.5 Bolt and Retain Plate Shear Force Durability

a. Tensile strength reduction factor (ff)
ff = 0.75

The condition is the single sliding bolt connection,then the value of m =

b. Effect on the cross-slide screw factor (r 1)

r1 = 0.40
 c. Bolt sectional area (Ab)
Ab = p / 4 * d2
= 113.10 mm2

d. Bolt shear durability

ff * Vn = ff * r1 * m * Ab * fub * n
= 55983.18 N

e. Retain plate durability

ff * Rn = 2.4 * ff * db * tp *fup * n
= 127872.00 N

Smallest bolt connection durability is 55983 N

1.7.2.6 Welding Durability

Connector plate ultimate stress fup = 370 Mpa
Welding material ultimate stress fuw = 390 Mpa

fup < fuw

Tensile strength of the connection (fu) used is 370 Mpa

Welding angle durability

ff * Rnw = 0.75 * tw * (0.60 * fu) * Lw
= 66600 N

1.7.2.7 Joint Durability Recapitulation

f * Tn
No Joint Durability Based on Force
(N)
1 Plate 79920.00
2 Sagrod 43429.38
3 Bolt 55983.18
4 Welding 66600.00
Smallest Joint Durability 43429.38

Safety control : Tu £ ff * Tn
2010.00 < 43429.38 (SAFE)
1
1.6.2 Beam Without Stiffenes
1.6.2.1 Material Specification
Yield stress fy = 240 MPa
Residual stress fr = 115 MPa
Modulus of elasticity E = 200,000 MPa
Poisson's ratio u = 0.3

1.6.2.2 Profile Specification

Wide flange : 400x200x8x13

ht
tf bf
=
=
400
200
mm
mm
tw = 8 mm
tw tf = 13 mm
h h2 ht r = 16 mm
A = 8,410 mm2
Ix = 237,000,000 mm4
Iy
r = 17,400,000 mm4
h1 rx = 168 mm
ry
bf Sx
= 45.4 mm
= 1,190,000 mm3
Sy = 174,000 mm3
Weight w= = 647 N/m
1.6.2.3 Beam Data
Length of the X-axis elements Lx = 8,000
Length of the Y-axis elements (lateral support Ly = 4,000.00
distance)
Maximum moment due to ultimate loads Mu = 160,000,000
Moment at quarter span (MA) MA = 122,000,000
Moment at half span (MB) MB = 146,000,000
Moment at 3/4 span (MC) MC = 115,000,000
Shear force due to ultimate loads Vu = 60,000
Strength reduction factor for bending moment fb = 0.90
Strength reduction factor for shear force ff = 0.75

1.6.2.4 Section Properties

a. Shear modulus (G)
G = E / [ 2 * (1 + u) ]
= 76,923.08 Mpa

b. Number of flange thickness and radius (h1)

h1 = tf + r
= 29 mm

c. Profile clearence (h2)

h2 = ht - 2 * h1
= 342.00 mm

d. Center to center distance between the flange profile (h)

h = ht - tf
= 387.00 mm

e. Torsion constants (J)

J = 2 * 1/3 * bf * tf3 + 1/3 * (ht - 2 * tf) * tw3
= 356,762.67 mm4

f. Flection constants (Iw)

Iw = I y * h2 / 4
651,495,150,000 mm6

e. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient

X1 = p/Sx * √ [ E * G * J * A/2 ]
= 12,683 Mpa
 f. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient
X2 = 4 * [ Sx / (G * J) ] * Iw / Iy
2

= 0.00028 mm2/N2

g. Plastic section modulus of the X-axis

Zx = tw * ht / 4 + ( bf - tw ) * ( ht - tf ) * tf
2

= 1,285,952 mm3

h. Plastic section modulus of the Y-axis

Zy = t f * bf / 2 + ( h t - 2 * t f ) * t w / 4
2 2

= 265,984 mm3

1.6.2.6 Local Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment

a. Slenderness of The flange Section
l = bf / tf
= 15.38

b. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Compact Cross-Section

lp = 170 / √ fy
= 10.97

c. Maximum Slenderness Limits for Non=Compact Cross-Section

lr = 370/ √ (fy - fr)
= 33.09

d. Plastic Moment (Mp)

Mp = f y * Zx
= 308,628,480 Nmm

f. Bending Moment (Mr)

Mr = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 148,750,000 Nmm

Nominal cross-sectional moment conditions :

a. Compact cross section (l £ l p)
Mn = Mp

b. Non Compact cross section (l p < l £ l r)

Mn = Mp - (Mp - Mr) * ( l - lp) / ( lr - lp)

c. Sectional trim l > lr

Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )2

Of calculation obtained the following results :

l > lp and l < lr

 Based on the value of the slenderness of the flange, including the cross-section :
Non-Compact

Nominal moment is calculated as follows:

Compact : Mn = Mp = -

Non-compact : Mn = Mp-(Mp - Mr)*( l - lp)/( lr - lp) = 276,746,079

Sectional trim : Mn = Mr * ( lr / l )
2
= -
Mn = 276,746,079

So the nominal moment cross section is equal to the Non-Compact at : 276,746,079

Nmm.

1.6.2.7 Nominal Moment On a Full-walled Beams

a. Slenderness of the web section
l = h/ tw
= 48.38

for section with dimension h/ tw > lr

nominal moment must be calculate with the following formula :

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
with, Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]

for slenderness :
a. lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy

b. lp < lG ≤ lr
fcr = Cb * fy * [ 1 - ( lG - lp ) / ( 2 * ( lr - lp ) ) ] ≤ fy

c. lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 ≤ fy

for lateral torsional buckling :

fc = Cb * fy / 2 ≤ fy

for local buckling :

fc = fy / 2

Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient calculated by the formula :

Cb = 12.5 * Mu / ( 2.5*Mu + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC ) < 2.3
= 1.18 < 2.3
so taken value Cb = 1.18

Extensive comparison between the web and flange :

ar = h * t w / ( bf * t f )
= 1.19

Moment of Inertia (I1)

I1 = Iy / 2 - 1/12 * tw3 * 1/3 * h2
= 8,695,136 mm4

Sectional Area (A1)

A1 = A / 2 - 1/3 * tw * h2
= 3,293 mm2

The radius of gyration area a third of the flange plus web in compression is equal (r 1) :
r1 = Ö ( I1 / A1
= 51.39 mm

Nominal Moment Based on Lateral Torsional Buckling

a. Distance between the lateral bracing (L)
L = Ly
= 4,000 mm
b. Slenderness rate (lG)
lG = L / r1
= 77.84

c. Slenderness limit for the maximum cross-sectional

Compact cross section = lp = 1.76 * √ (E/fy)
= 50.807

Non-Compact cross section = lr = 4.40 * √ (E/fy)

= 127.02

d. Reference stress for lateral torsional buckling moment (f c)

fc = Cb * fy / 2
= 141.59 Mpa

fc < fy , so the value of fc is 141.59 Mpa

e. Cross-section critical stress is as follows:

If lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy = 240

If lp < lG ≤ lr
fcr = Cb* fy*[ 1 - ( lG - lp) ( 2*( lr - lp)) ] = 232.96

If lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 = -

so use the value of the critical stress cross-section is 240.00

fcr < fy , so the value of fcr is 240 Mpa

f. Elastic section modulus (S)

S = Sx
= 1,190,000 mm

g. Walled full web coefficient (Kg)

Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]
= 1.09

h. Cross sectional nominal moment (Mn)

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
= 310,982,774 Nmm
Nominal Moment Based by Local Buckling on Flange
a. Slenderness of the flange section (lG)
lG = bf / (2 * tf)
= 7.69

b. Web slenderness factor (ke)

ke = 4 / Ö ( h / tw )
= 0.575 < 0.763

be used for the value of ke = 0.5751

c. Slenderness limit for the maximum cross-sectional

Compact cross section = lp = 0.38 * √ (E/fy)
= 10.97

Non-Compact cross section = lr = 1.35 * √ (ke * E/fy)

= 29.55

lG < lp dan lG < lp

Based on flange slenderness value, cross section type is compact

d. Reference stress for local torsional buckling moment (f c)

fc = fy / 2
= 120.00 Mpa

fc < fy , so the value of fc is 120 Mpa

e. Cross-section critical stress is as follows:

If lG ≤ lp
fcr = fy = 240

If lp < lG ≤ lr
fcr = Cb* fy*[ 1 - ( lG - lp) ( 2*( lr - lp)) ] = -

If lG > lr
fcr = fc * ( lr / lG )2 = -

so use the value of the critical stress cross-section is 240

fcr < fy , so the value of fcr is 240 Mpa

f. Elastic section modulus (S)

S = Sx
= 1,190,000 mm
 g. Walled full web coefficient (Kg)
Kg = 1 - [ ar / (1200 + 300 * ar) ] * [ h / tw - 2550 / Ö fcr ]
= 1.09

h. Cross sectional nominal moment (Mn)

Mn = Kg * S * fcr
= 310,982,774 Nmm

1.6.2.8 Lateral Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment

Nominal moment component structures with lateral buckling effect is calculated as
follows :
a. Short Span (L ≤ Lp)
Mn = Mp = f y * Zx

b. Medium Span (Lp ≤ L ≤ Lr)

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L ) / ( Lr - Lp ) ] ≤

c. Long Span (L > Lr)

Mn = Cb * p/L*√ [E * Iy * G * J + (p * E/L )2 * Iy * Iw] ≤

d. The maximum span length of the beam is able to hold the plastic moment (Lp)
Lp = 1.76 * ry * √ ( E / fy )
= 2306.63 mm

e. The difference between the yield stress and residual stress (f L)

fL = fy - fr
= 125 Mpa

f. Minimum length of span beam durability critical buckling moment determined by lateral
torsional (Lr)
Lr = ry * X1 / fL * √ [ 1 + √ ( 1 + X2 * fL2 ) ]
= 8,398.14 mm

g. Lateral torsional buckling moment coefficient (C b)

Cb = 12.5 * Mux / ( 2.5*Mux + 3*MA + 4*MB + 3*MC )
= 1.18

h. Plastic moment (Mp)

Mp = f y * Zx
= 308,628,480 Nmm

i. Bending moment (Mr)

Mr = Sx * ( fy - fr )
= 148,750,000 Nmm
 j. Distance between the lateral bracing (L)
L = Ly
= 4,000 mm

Of calculation, obtained the following results :

L > Lp dan L < Lr

thus belongs to the category : medium span

Nominal moment ois calculated as follows :

Mn = Mp = f y * Zx = -

Mn = Cb * [ Mr + ( Mp - Mr ) * ( Lr - L )/( Lr - Lp ) ] = 311,721,646

Mn = Cb*p/L* √[E*Iy*G*J + (p*E/L )2 * Iy * Iw ] = -

Mn = 311,721,646

So the nominal moment of medium span structure is at 311,721,646

Mnx > Mpx, so the nominal moment for this case is used for 308,628,480
Nmm

1.6.2.10 Bending Moment Durability

a. Nominal moment due to local buckling = 276,746,079
b. Nominal Moment On a Full-walled Beams
Nominal Moment due to Lateral Torsional Buckling = 310,982,774
Nominal Moment due to Local Buckling on Flange = 310,982,774
c. Lateral Buckling Effect on Nominal Moment = 308,628,480

The smallest Mn value is taken from the whole calculation, and the result is :
Mn = 308,628,480 Nmm

Bending moment durability = fb * Mn

= 277,765,632 Nmm

Safety control : Mu £ fb * Mn
160,000,000 < 277,765,632 (SAFE)

Mu / ( fb * Mn ) = 0.576 < 1.0 (OK)

1.6.2.15 Shear Durability

Web plate thickness without stiffenes must be qualified with the following condition :
h2/tw £ 6.36 * Ö ( E / fy )
42.75 < 183.6 (Qualified)
 a. Cross sectional area (Aw)
Aw = t w * ht
= 3200 mm2

b. Nominal shear force durability

Vn = 0.60 * fy * Aw
= 460800 N

c. Shear force durability

ff * Vn = 345600 N

Control : Vu ≤ ff * Vn
60,000 > 345,600 (SAFE)

Vu / ff * Vn = 0.174 < 1.0 (OK)

1.6.2.16 Interaction of Shear and Bending Moment

Elements that carry a combination of shear and bending should be controlled with the
following requirements :
Mu / ( fb * Mn ) + 0.625 * Vu / ( ff * Vn ) ≤ 1.375
0.685 < 1.375 (SAFE)
mm
mm

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
N
 Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

276,746,079
Mpa

Mpa

Mpa

Mpa
Mpa

Mpa

Mpa

Mpa
 Mp

Mp

mined by lateral
 Nmm

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm

Nmm

308,628,480

Nmm

Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
75 (SAFE)
1.7.8 Pedestal and Anchor Plate

ht
h

Pu
f f a 0.95 ht a
Mu

B I
Vu
f f

L
J

1.7.8.1 Pedestal Data

a. Column load
Ultimate axial force Pu = 118,520
Ultimate bending moment Mu = 2,459,400
Ultimate shear force Vu = 20,780

b. Base plate
Yield stress fy = 240
Ultimate stress fup = 370
Pedestal plate width B = 330
Pedestal plate length L = 540
Pedestal plate thickness t = 20

c. Pedestal column (concrete)

Compressive strength of concrete fc' = 20
Width of column section I = 400
Length of column section J = 600

d. Steel column
Type Wide flange : 350x175x7x11
Total height ht = 350
Flange width bf = 175
Web thickness tw = 7
Flange thickness tf = 11
 e. Anchor Bolt
Anchor Bolt type : A-325
Ultimate stress fub = 825
Yield stress fy = 400
Bolt diameter d = 19
Number of anchor bolt on tensile side nt = 3
Number of anchor bolt on compress side nc = 3
Anchor bolt distance to the center column f = 220
section
Length of anchor bolts embedded in the La = 500
pedestal column

1.7.8.2 Load Eccentricity (e)

e = Mu / Pu
ht = 20.751 mm
h
Pu L/6 = 90 mm
f e
ec e < L/ 6

h = ht - tf
t = 339 mm

et = f+h/2
f cu
= 390 mm

et Y/3 ec = f-h/2
Pu + Pt = 51 mm
Y
Pt
L Total number of anchor bolt (n)
n = nt + nc
= 6 pcs

1.7.8.3 Concrete Retain Durability

a. Tensile force on anchor bolt (Pt)
Pt = Pu * ec / et
= 15,367 N

b. Total compressive force on pedestal plate

Puc = Pu + Pt
= 133,887 N

c. Area of concrete compressive stress length (Y)

Y = 3* (L-h)/2
= 301.50 mm
d. Sectional area of pedestal plate (A1)
A1 = B*L
= 178,200 mm2

e. Sectional area of pedestal column (A2)

A2 = I*J
= 240,000 mm2

f. Retain nominal stress (fcn)

fcn = 0.85 * fc' * √ ( A2 / A1 )
= 19.73 Mpa

fcn = 1.70 * fc'

= 34.00 Mpa

g. Retain nominal stress to be used

fcn = 19.73 Mpa

h. Concrete compressive strength reduction factor (f)

f = 0.65

i. Concrete retain allowable stress

f * fcn = 12.82 Mpa

j. Maximum retain stress that occurs in concrete (f cu)

fcu = 2 * Puc / ( Y * B )
= 2.69 Mpa

Safety control : fcu £ f * fcn

2.69 < 12.82 (SAFE)

a 0.95 ht a

B I
f f

L
J
1.7.8.4 Pedestal Plate Dimension Control
a. require minimum width (Bp min)
Bp min = Puc / ( 0.5 * f * fcn * Y )
= 69 mm

b. Plate width used (B)

B = 330 mm

Safety control : Bp min £ B

69.26 < 330.00 (SAFE)

c. Length of the pedestal plate for type of free fixed support (a)
a = ( L - 0.95 * ht ) / 2
= 104 mm

fcu1 = ( 1 - a / Y ) * fcu
= 1.77 Mpa

d. Plastic section modulus of the plate (Z)

Z = 1/4 * B * t2
= 33,000 Mpa

e. Bending moment on plate due ultimate load (M up)

Mup = 1/2 * B * fcu1 * a2 + 1/3 * B * ( fcu - fcu1 ) * a2
= 4,231,693 Nmm

f. Flexural strength reduction factor (fb)

fb = 0.90

g. Plate nominal bending moment durability (Mn)

Mn = fy * Z
= 7,920,000 Nmm

h. Plate bending moment durability

fb * Mn = 7,128,000 Nmm

Safety control : Mup £ fb * Mn

4,231,693 < 7,128,000 (SAFE)

1.7.8.5 Tensile Force on Anchor Bolt

a. Tensile force on anchor bolt (Tu1)
Tu1 = Pt / nt
= 5,122 N
 b. Anchor bolt ultimate stress (fub)
fub = 825 Mpa

c. Bolt sectional area (Ab)

Ab = p / 4 * d2
= 283.53 mm2

d. Tensile strength reduction factor (fb)

fb = 0.90

e. Anchor bolt nominal tensile force durability (T n)

Tn = 0.75 * Ab * fub
= 175,433 N

f. Anchor bolt tensile force durability

ft * Tn = 157,890 N

Safety control : Tu1 £ ft * Tn

5,122 < 157,890 (SAFE)

1.7.8.6 Shear Force on Anchor Bolt

a. Shear force on anchor bolt (Vu1)
Vu1 = Vu / n
= 3,463 N

b. Anchor bolt ultimate stress (fub)

fub = 825 Mpa

c. Bolt sectional area (Ab)

Ab = p / 4 * d2
= 283.53 mm2

d. Shear strength reduction factor (ff)

ff = 0.75

e. Number of shear cross section (m)

m = 1.00

f. Effect on the cross-slide screw factor (r 1)

r1 = 0.40

g. Anchor bolt nominal shear force durability (Vn)

Vn = r1 * m * Ab * fub
= 93,564 N

h. Anchor bolt shear force durability

 ft * Vn = 70,173 N

Safety control : Vu1 £ ff * Vn

3,463 < 70,173 (SAFE)

1.7.8.7 Retain Force on Anchor Bolt

a. Retain force on anchor bolt (Ru1)
Ru1 = Vu1
= 3,463 N

b. Anchor bolt ultimate stress (fub)

fub = 825 Mpa

c. Base plate thickness (t)

t = 20.00 mm

d. Base plate ultimate stress (fup)

fup = 370 Mpa

e. Nominal retain durability (Rn)

Rn = 2.4 * d * t * fup
= 337,440 N

f. Retain durability
ff * Rn = 253,080 N

Safety control : Ru1 £ ff * Rn

3,463 < 253,080 (SAFE)

1.7.8.8 Shear and Retain Force Combination

a. Stress constant for high tension bolt (f 1 & f2)
f1 = 807 Mpa
f2 = 621 Mpa

b. Effect on the cross-slide screw factor (r 2)

r2 = 1.90

c. Shear stress due to ultimate load (f uv)

fuv = Vu / (n * Ab)
= 12.22 Mpa

d. Anchor bolt shear stress

ff * r1 * m * fub = 247.50 Mpa

Safety control : Vu / (n * Ab) £ ff * r1 * m * fub

12.22 < 247.50 (SAFE)
 e. Tensile force due to ultimate load (Tu1)
Tu1 = 5,122 N

f. Anchor bolt tensile durability

ff * Tn = ff * f1 * Ab
= 171,606 N

Safety control : Tu1 £ ff * f1 * Ab

5,122 < 171,606 (SAFE)

g. Anchor bolt tensile stress

ft = 0.75 * fub
= 618.75 Mpa

h. Combination stress limit

f1 - r2 * fuv = 783.79 Mpa

Safety control : ft £ f1 - r2 * fuv

618.75 < 783.79 (SAFE)

Safety control : ft £ f2
618.75 < 621.00 (SAFE)

1.7.8.9 Anchor Bolt Length Control

a. Length of anchor bolts embedded in the pedestal column (L a)
La = 500 mm

b. Compressive strength of concrete (f c')

fc' = 20 Mpa

c. Anchor bolt yield stress (fy)

fy = 400 Mpa

d. Anchor bolt diameter (d)

d = 19 mm

e. Minimum length of anchor bolts embedded in the pedestal column (L min)

Lmin = fy / (4 * Ö fc') * d
= 424.85 mm

Safety control : Lmin £ La

424.85 < 500.00 (SAFE)
N
Nmm
N

Mpa
Mpa
mm
mm
mm

Mpa
mm
mm

mm
mm
mm
mm
Mpa
Mpa
mm
pcs
pcs
mm

mm
a

B I
I. GODOWN 3 x 54 m x 150 m

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Description of Building and Structure

1.3 Design Parameters

1.3.1 Provision Parameters

1.3.2 Loads
1.3.3 Materials

1.4 Structural Design Criteria

1.4.1 Building Configuration

1.4.2 Redudancy
1.4.3 Orthogonal Load Efects
1.4.4 Structural Componen Load Effects
1.4.5 Drift Limits
1.4.6 Seismic Weight

1.5 Analysis

1.5.1 Eguivalent Lateral Force Procedure

1.5.2 Tree-Dimention Static and Modal Respons Spectrum Analysis
1.5.3 Drift
1.5.4 P-Delta
1.5.5 Force Summary
1.5.6 Size Members
Alternative A, Special Moment Frame:
1. Select preliminary member sizes
2. Check deflection and drift (Provisions Sec. 5.2.8 [5.4.1])
3. Check torsional amplification (Provisions Sec. 5.4.4.1.3 [5.2.4.3])
4. Check the column-beam moment ratio rule (AISC Seismic Sec. 9.6)
5. Check shear requirement at panel-zone (AISC Seismic Sec. 9.3; FEMA 350
Sec. 3.3.3.2)
6. Check redundancy (Provisions Sec. 5.2.4.2 [5.3.3])
7. Check strength
Reproportion member sizes as necessary after each check. The most significant criteria for the de
are drift limits, relative strengths of columns and beams, and the panel-zone shear.

Alternative B, Special Concentrically Braced Frame:

1. Select preliminary member sizes
2. Check strength
3. Check drift (Provisions Sec. 5.2.8 [4.5.1])
4. Check torsional amplification (Provisions Sec. 5.4.4.1 [5.2.4.3])
5. Check redundancy (Provisions Sec. 5.2.4.2 [4.3.3])
Reproportion member sizes as necessary after each check. The most significant criteria for this
design is torsional amplification.

Alternative C, Dual System:

 1. Select preliminary member sizes
2. Check strength of moment frame for 25 percent of story shear (Provisions Sec. 5.2.2.1 [4.3.1.1
3. Check strength of braced frames
4. Check drift for total building (Provisions Sec. 5.2.8 [4.5.1])
5. Check torsional amplification (Provisions Sec. 5.4.4.1 [5.2.4.3])
6. Check redundancy (Provisions Sec. 5.2.4.2 [4.3.3])
Reproportion member sizes as necessary after each check.

1.7 Proportioning and Details

1.7.1 Frame Commpactness and Brace Spacing

1.7.2 Knee of The Frame
1.7.3 Frame at the Ridge
1.7.4 Design Roof Deck Diaphragm
 significant criteria for the design
nel-zone shear.

significant criteria for this

ovisions Sec. 5.2.2.1 [4.3.1.1])