AICE Biology Guided Reading: Control, Coordination & Homeostasis (J&F Ch 18)

This guided reading is worth 40 points and is due Monday, March 30.

Mammalian Excretion and the Kidneys:

1. What is homeostasis and what are the three main factors controlled for in homeostatic regulation?

2. What are the two primary excretions formed by the human body? How is each formed / removed
from the body?

3. What is the purpose of deamination? Where in the body does it occur & what is the end product?

4. Complete the following chart on nitrogenous excretory products on your own paper:

Urea Creatinine Uric acid

Where is it
made?
Made from?

Where is it used /
excreted?

5. Draw & label a kidney- Include the following structures: renal artery, renal vein, ureter, capsule,
cortex, medulla, renal pelvis.

6. What is a nephron? Familiarize yourself with fig. 18.6- all the parts / function of the nephron. Create
either a chart or diagram that explains these functions. Include a drawing.

7. Describe the 2 stage process by which urine is made in the kidney. Include all of the following steps:
ultrafiltration, reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule, reabsorption in the loop of Henle, distal
convoluted tubule, & collecting duct. Include what is moving where at each step.

8. Answer SAQ 18.3-18.4

9. What is osmoregulation?

10. Describe the process by which ADH is made & transported to the kidneys.

11. What (specifically) is the effect of ADH on the kidneys?

12. Describe the negative feedback mechanism by which ADH secretion regulates the water content in
the blood.

Mammalian Nervous Communication

13. Diagram and label a mammalian neuron cell. Include brief descriptions of the following features:
axon, dendrite, Schwann cells, myelin sheath, nodes of Ranvier.
14. Compare and contrast motor and sensory neurons in both form and function.

15. Outline the stages of a reflex arc in neural transmission.

16. What is resting potential and why is it important?

17. Outline the process by which a sodium-ion pump functions.

18. What is action potential and what does it do?

19. How do action potentials carry information?

20. Explain the factors that influence nervous transmission rate (speed of conduction).

21. What are receptor cells and what do they do? Describe the different kinds of receptor cells.

22. What is a synapse and how do they function? Explain the mechanism for synaptic transmission.

23. What roles do synapses serve in the body?

Mammalian Hormonal Communication

24. Describe what hormones are and what purposes they serve in animals (especially mammals).

25. Diagram and describe the pancreas including the following parts: bile duct, pancreatic duct, islet of
Langerhans, pancreatic cells, pancreatic veins.

26. How does the pancreas regulate blood glucose levels and why is this important?

27.Examine Fig 18.44 on page 332. How is insulin in the blood controlled and regulated?

28. Describe the symptoms and causes of diabetes mellitus.

Plant Hormonal Control

29. How are plant growth regulators (hormones) different from animal hormones?

30. Complete the following chart on your own paper:

Location on plant
Hormone: Description of Role: Significance of role:
where activated:
Auxins
Gibberellins Stem elongation:

Gibberellins Seed germination:

Abscisic Acid (ABA)
Cytokinins

31. Describe the process by which leaves are abscised from plants.