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Pharm Phlash!
Pharmacology Flash Cards
Valerie I. Leek, MSN, RNC-NIC, CMSRN
Assistant Professor of Nursing
Cumberland County College
Vineland, New Jersey
F. A. Davis Company As new scientific information becomes available through basic and clinical
1915 Arch Street research, recommended treatments and drug therapies undergo changes.
The author(s) and publisher have done everything possible to make this
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ble for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the
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Copyright © 2009 by F. A. Davis Company tents of the book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by
the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard
Copyright © 2009 by F. A. Davis Company. All rights reserved. to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is
This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be repro- advised always to check product information (package inserts) for changes
and new information regarding dose and contraindications before adminis-
duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or tering any drug. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, ordered drugs.
or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the inter-
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Leek_FM_i-xvi.qxd 5/26/08 5:37 PM Page iii
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Dedication
To my husband, David, whose love, faith, and wonderful dinners made hard work so bearable.
To my son Zachary, whose vision and hope are larger than life.
To my son Jeffrey, whose love and gentle patience calm me.
To my granddaughter Cadence, who I hope will be proud of her Noni.
To my parents Pauline and Harry Fallows, whose love and support are limitless.
To my colleagues, Joy Wood, Priscilla Meyers, and Deirdre Conroy, who supported me in
the development and application of this project.
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank all the hard-working nursing students who used my Pharm Phlash!,
survived it, and learned. You are the amazing, transformed persons who sustain me in my
practice as an instructor.
I'd also like to thank all the wonderful people I've worked with at F.A. Davis Company,
including Tom, Nora, and Julie. You've made this journey a pleasant one.
Valerie I. Leek
Leek_FM_i-xvi.qxd 5/26/08 5:37 PM Page iv
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Reviewers
Deborah S. Bridgewater, RN, MSN
Professor, Coordinator of Academic Support
St. Mary’s School of Nursing
Huntington, WV
vii
List of Icons
ix
xi
xiii
Contents
Gastrointestinal System Drugs, Cards 1–27 Urologic System Drugs, Cards 51–63
Electrolyte Modifiers, Cards 1–5 Affecting Urination, Cards 51–52
Gastric Mucosa Protectors, Cards 6–10 Diuretics, Cards 53–55
Antidiarrheals, Cards 11–13 Men’s Health, Cards 56–58
Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Card 14 Dialysis/Renal Failure, Cards 59–63
Laxatives/Bowel Preps/Antiflatulents, Cards 15–21
Antiemetics, Cards 22-26 Immune System Drugs, Cards 64–94
Appetite Stimulants, Card 27 Anti-Inflammatory and Disease-
Modulating Agents, Cards 64–76
Endocrine System Drugs, Cards 28–50 Anti-Infectives, Cards 77–94
Insulin—Very Rapid-Acting, Card 28
Insulin—Rapid-Acting, Card 29 Musculoskeletal System Drugs, Cards 95–99
Insulin—Slow-Acting, Card 30 Muscle Relaxants, Cards 95–96
Insulin—Basal Agents, Card 31 Myasthenia Gravis, Card 97
Antidiabetic Agents, Cards 32–39 Osteoporosis, Cards 98–99
Pancreatics, Card 40
Thyroid, Cards 41–43 Central Nervous System Drugs, Cards 100–151
Adrenal, Cards 44–45 Analgesics, Cards 100–106
Pituitary Drugs, Cards 46–49 Opioid Reversal Agents, Card 107
Gonadal, Card 50 Anesthetics and Sleep Inducers, Cards 108–115
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xiv
Cardiovascular System Drugs, Cards 152–176 Sensory System Drugs, Cards 186–189
Affecting Coagulation, Cards 152–159 Ophthalmic Agents, Cards 186–189
Affecting Contractility/Rhythm/Circulating
Blood Volume, Cards 160–169
Anti-Anginal, Card 170
Lipid-Lowering Agents, Cards 171–175
Blood-Forming Agents, Card 176
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Introduction
Teaching and learning pharmacology is a large written 8 quizzes and 2 tests that can be accessed
undertaking. Memorization of drugs as single enti- on the DavisPlus website.
ties is almost impossible, even for those of us with Medications are grouped in systems, and then
wonderful recall. After years of trial and error, I into pharmacologic groups with similar action.
decided that grouping the drugs in classes would There is a table of contents for general access and
be the best method of instruction to promote a full index alphabetized that will direct you by
student recall. Pharm Phlash! is the happy result of generic, brand name, and Canadian brand names
this type of instruction. ( ). The cards are designed with the drug names
Pharm Phlash! is a tried and true method of on the front with their body system and basic use.
pharmacology instruction. Students learn to
take clues from both the generic and trade On the back of the cards you will find
names. When I ask students “What kind of drug 1. Therapeutic/Pharmacologic class (these
ends with ‘olol,’ ‘ilol,’ or ‘alol,’ they can tell me are always listed in this order)
quickly that these are beta-adrenergic blockers.
2. Indications for use of the drug
As a pharmacology instructor, this is music to
my ears. I hope you will experience the same 3. Action of the drug
results. 4. Adverse Reactions/Side Effects detailing
I recommend that students practice their all reactions but important information
knowledge by reinforcing quizzes and tests. I have will appear in bold, red type
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5. Keep in Mind section that includes client This learning system is not meant to replace
teaching a complete drug reference book or pharmaco-
6. Make the Connection area where informa- logy text. It is meant as a tool to mentally group
tion crucial to safe medication information and learn common drugs. Students who employ
is listed. Again extremely important infor- this system will “make the connection” and
mation is in bold, red type. Laboratory and learn their medications, laboratory values that
vital sign parameters are listed here, along are important for safe administration, and vital
with nursing implications and evaluative sign parameters. Best of luck to all.
data.
Valerie I. Leek, MSN, RNC-NIC, CMSRN
7. Possible nursing diagnoses are listed to help
Assistant Professor of Nursing
with care planning activities.
Cumberland County College
8. Other applications for the drugs are listed
as a cross-referencing tool.
Tabs_All.qxd 5/26/08 6:09 PM Page 1
GASTROINTESTINAL
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 1
Calcium Carbonate
(kal-see-um kar-bo-nate)
Calcium Gluconate
(kal-see-um gloo-koh-nate)
Kalcinate
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 1
Potassium Chloride
(po-tas-e-um clor-ide)
Sodium Bicarbonate
(soe-dee-um bye-kar-boe-nate)
Bicitra, Oracit
PMS-Dicitrate
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 3
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class • Remind staff if site has not been changed in 96 hr.
Intravenous solution • Compare circumference of the arms. If arm with
Indications the IV site is larger, inform staff.
Increasing of blood pressure, hydration of intersti-
tium and cells, pulling of fluid from the tissues and
cells to the blood stream. Make the Connection
Action • Hypertonic solutions pull fluid into the
vascular space.
Isotonic solution: increases circulating blood volume.
Hypertonic solution: pulls fluid from interstitium and
• Hypotonic solutions hydrate the interstitial space
and cells.
cells to the vascular space. Hypotonic solution:
hydrates the interstitium and cells.
• Isotonic solutions increase the circulating blood
volume.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects • Solution types are chosen for specific reasons; check
CV: increase in blood pressure, bounding pulse. the orders to confirm that the correct solution is
Resp: hemoptysis. GI: abdominal distention, discom- hanging and it is at the ordered rate of infusion.
fort. F and E: fluid overload, decrease in serum elec- • Assess the infusion site every 2 hr.
trolyte levels. Local: injection site infiltration, phlebitis. • These solutions are not for long-term nourishment.
Keep in Mind
• Monitor serum electrolyte levels and complete
blood count daily.
Teach client: • Daily weights might be taken. Lung sounds and
• Report any pain or coolness at the injection site. intake and output must be assessed every shift.
• Watch for signs of fluid overload.
Nursing Dx: Fluid volume deficit; Fluid volume excess; Risk
for infection.
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 5
Sodium Polystyrene
Sulfonate
(soe-dee-um po-lee-stye-reen sul-fon-ate)
Kayexalate
K-Exit
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 5
Famotidine Cimetidine
(fa-moe-ti-deen) (sye-me-ti-deen)
Pepcid Tagamet
Apo-Cimetidine
Ranitidine Nizatidine
(ra-ni-ti-deen) (ni-za-ti-deen)
Zantac Axid
Zantac-C
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 6
Esomeprazole Omeprazole
(es-o-mep-ra-zole) (o-mep-ra-zole)
Pantoprazole Lanzoprazole
(pan-toe-pra-zole) (lan-soe-pra-zole)
Misoprostol
(mye-soe-prost-ole)
Cytotec
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 8
Keep in Mind
Teach client:
• Take medication as directed for the full course of
therapy when first starting NSAID therapy.
Nursing Dx: Diarrhea; Readiness for enhanced comfort Also Used for: Reproductive system applications (induction of
level; Risk for injury (reproductive). labor/abortion)
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 9
Sucralfate
(soo-kral-fate)
Carafate
Sulcrate
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 9
Lansoprazole/Amoxicillin/
Clarithromycin
(lan-soe-pra-zole/a-mox-i-sil-in/kla-rith-roe-mye-sin)
(Prevacid/Amoxil/Biaxin)
PREVPAC
Bismuth Subsalicylate/
Metronidazole/Tetracycline
(biz-muth sub-sa-lis-i-late/me-troe-ni-da-zole/te-tra-sye-kleen)
Pepto-Bismol/Flagyl/Achromycin
HELIDAC
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 10
Bismuth Subsalicylate
(biz-muth sub-sa-lis-i-late)
Pepto-Bismol
PMS-Bismuth Subsalicylate
Attapulgite
(at-a-pull-gite)
Kaopectate
Kaopectate
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 11
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class • Rest the gut; slowly introduce clear liquids (not
Antidiarrheal/Adsorbent apple juice).
Indications • Use OTC electrolyte solutions for pediatric clients
To decrease water content of stool. to prevent dehydration.
Action • If symptoms are not controlled within 24 hours,
Promote intestinal absorption of fluid and elec- or if symptoms of dehydration (decreased urina-
trolytes. Absorbent. tion, change in level of consciousness, weakness)
occur, report immediately to health care provider.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
GI: hepatic impairment, constipation, change in
stool color. Immune: risk for Reyes syndrome Make the Connection
(bismuth). •Salicylates cause Reyes syndrome in pedi-
atric clients.
Keep in Mind • Monitor frequency and character of stools.
Teach client:
• Use pediatric preparations to prevent
complications.
Nursing Dx: Diarrhea; Altered bowel elimination. Also Used for: Gastrointestinal system applications (ulcers, Crohn’s
disease, ulcerative colitis)
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 12
Atropine
(at-ro-peen)
Atro-Pen
Hyoscyamine
(hi-oh-si-a-meen)
Anaspaz, Levsin
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 12
Nursing Dx: Risk for impaired urinary elimination; Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (bradycardia),
Readiness for enhanced bowel elimination pattern. sensory system applications (glaucoma), neurological system appli-
cations (Parkinsonian tremor)
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 13
Diphenoxylate/ Loperamide
Atropine (loe-per-a-mide)
(dye-fen-ox-i-late/a-troe-peen)
Imodium
Lomotil
Codeine
(koe-deen)
Codeine
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 13
Alosetron
(a-low-se-tron)
Lotronex
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 14
Psyllium
(sill-i-yum)
Metamucil,
Karacil
Methylcellulose
(meth-il-sell-you-lose)
Citrucel
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 15
Keep in Mind
Teach client:
• Do not let the mixture gel prior to drinking as this
may cause a choking risk.
Polyethylene Glycol/Electrolyte
(po-lee-eth-e-leen glye-kole/e-lek-troe-lite)
Sodium Chloride/Sodium
Bicarbonate/Potassium
Chloride with Bisacodyl Slow
Release Tablets
Halflytely
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 16
Simethicone
(si-meth-i-kone)
Sennoside Bisacodyl
(sen-oh-side) (bis-a-koe-dill)
Peri-Colace
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 18
Lactulose
(lak-tyoo-lose)
Docusate Calcium
(dok-yoo-sate kal-see-um)
Surfak; DC Softgels
Docusate Sodium
(dok-yoo-sate soe-dee-um)
Colace
Regulex
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 20
Magnesium Magnesium
Oxide Sulfate (IV)
(mag-nee-zhum ox-ide) (mag-nee-zhum sul-fate)
Magnesium Hydroxide
(mag-nee-zhum hye-drox-ide)
Scopolamine
(scoe-pol-a-meen)
Meclizine
(mek-li-zeen)
Prochlorperazine
(proe-klor-pair-a-zeen)
Compazine
Stemetil
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 24
Metoclopramide
(met-oh-kloe-pra-mide)
Reglan
Apo-Metoclop
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 25
Nursing Dx: Nausea; Constipation; Risk for injury Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (adjunctive
(neurological). management of migraines)
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 26
Ondansetron
(on-dan-se-tron)
Zofran
Granisetron
(gra-nees-e-tron)
Kytril
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 26
Dronabinol
(droe-nab-i-nol)
THC, Marinol
Nabilone
(na-bi-lone)
Cesamet
Tab01_Card_01-27.qxd 5/26/08 4:11 PM Page 27
ENDOCRINE
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 28
Novolog Humalog
Apidra
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 28
Regular Insulin
(in-su-lin)
Insulin Detemir
(in-su-lin)
Levemir
Insulin Glargine
(in-su-lin)
Lantus
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 31
Pramlintide
(pram-lin-tide)
Symlin
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 32
pharyngitis, shortness of breath, wheezing. blood glucose tests to plan care based on patterns
GI: difficulty swallowing, vomiting, weight loss, of glycemic control. Postprandial levels are the best
increased hunger. MS: muscle pain or stiffness, indicator of control.
pain in joints. CV: fast heartbeat, tightness in • A U-100 syringe is used to give this drug.
chest. Misc: hives; itching; puffiness or swelling • Rotate injection sites.
of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or • Watch for hypoglycemia within the first 3 hr
tongue; skin rash; and other allergic reactions, following injection.
including anaphylaxis. • Monitor for severe nausea and vomiting.
Nursing Dx: Readiness for enhanced metabolic patterns;
Risk for injury (pharmacologic).
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 33
Exenatide
(ex-en-a-tide)
Byetta
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 33
Metformin
(met-for-min)
Fortamet, Glucophage,
Glucophage XR
Novo-Metformin
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 34
Sitagliptin
(sit-a-glip-tin)
Januvia
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 35
Repaglinide
(re-pag-gli-nide)
Gluconorm, Prandin
Nateglinide
(na-teg-li-nide)
Starlix
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 36
cells by closing potassium channels, which results in can cause an increase in hypoglycemia.
the opening of calcium channels in beta cells. This is • Blood glucose levels may rise with emotional or
followed by release of insulin. This is a secretagogue. physiological stress.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
CV: angina, chest pain. Endo: hypoglycemia, Make the Connection
hyperglycemia. • Know the normal serum glucose level
and Hgb A1c. The nurse must act appropriately if
Keep in Mind these levels are abnormal.
Teach client: • Do not give this medication if the blood glucose
• Take 30 min before each meal, exactly as directed. level is low or if the client is NPO.
• Follow prescribed diet, medication, and exercise • Notice the clue in the brand name indicating that
regimen to remain euglycemic. these drugs reduce postprandial glucose levels.
Acarbose
(aye-kar-bose)
Precose
Miglitol
(mi-gli-tole)
Glyset
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 37
Glipizide Glimepiride
(glip-i-zide) (glye-me-pi-ride)
Glyburide
(glye-byoo-ride)
leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia. prandial glucose levels, complete blood count (CBC)
with differential count, liver and renal studies.
• Assess client for allergy to sulfonamides.
Remember that cross-sensitivity can occur.
Rosiglitazone
(roe-zi-glit-a-zone)
Avandia
Pioglitazone
(pi-o-glit-a-zone)
Actos
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 39
Glucagon
(gloo-ka-gon)
GlucaGen
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 40
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Nausea. Also Used for: Gastrointestinal applications (relaxation of smooth
muscle of the gut during radiographs when barium is used)
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 41
Levothyroxine Liothyronine
(lee-voe-thye-rox-een) (lye-oh-thye-roe-neen)
Liotrix Thyroid
(lye-oh-trix) (thye-royd)
Calcitonin (Salmon)
(kal-si-toe-nin)
Calcimar, Miacalcin,
Osteocalcin, Salmonine
Calcitonin (rDNA)
Fortical
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 42
Methimazole
(meth-im-a-zole)
Tapazole
Propylthiouracil
(proe-pill-thye-oh-yoor-a-sill)
PTU
Propyl-Thyracil
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 43
Cortisone Hydrocortisone
(kor-ti-sone) (hye-droe-kor-ti-sone)
Methylprednisolone Prednisone
(meth-ill-pred-niss-oh-lone) (pred-ni-sone)
Fludrocortisone
(floo-droe-kor-ti-sone)
Florinef
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 45
Oxytocin
(ox-i-toe-sin)
Pitocin, Syntocinon
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 46
Desmopressin
(des-moe-press-in)
Vasopressin
(vay-soe-press-in)
Pitressin
Pressyn
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 47
Nursing Dx: Risk for imbalanced fluid volume; Knowledge Also Used for: Hematology applications (desmopressin controls
deficit. bleeding in certain types of hemophilia and in von Willebrand’s
disease); gastrointestinal applications (desmopressin shortens
bleeding time in clients with liver disease)
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 48
Somatropin
(soe-ma-troe-pin)
Humatrope, Serostim
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 48
Nursing Dx: Risk for altered growth; Readiness for Also Used for: Musculoskeletal application (growth hormone
enhanced self-concept. deficiency in adults) and gastrointestinal applications (AIDS
wasting or cachexia, and short-bowel syndrome.)
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 49
Octreotide
(ok-tree-oh-tide)
Megestrol
(me-jess-trole)
Megace
Tab02_Card_28-50.qxd 5/26/08 4:19 PM Page 50
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (cardiovascular); Impaired Also Used for: Gastrointestinal applications (appetite stimulant in
body image. cachexic clients)
Tabs_All.qxd 5/26/08 6:09 PM Page 3
UROLOGIC
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 51
Tolterodine Solifenacin
(tol-ter-oh-deen) (so-li-fen-a-sin)
Oxybutynin (Oral)
(ox-i-byoo-ti-nin)
Ditropan, Ditropan XL
Oxybutynin (Transdermal)
Oxytrol
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 51
Bethanechol
(be-than-e-kole)
Urecholine
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 52
Spironolactone Triamterene
(speer-oh-no-lak-tone) (trye-am-ter-een)
Aldactone Dyrenium
Novospiroton
Amiloride
(a-mill-oh-ride)
Midamor
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 53
Furosemide
(fur-oh-se-mide)
Lasix
Apo-Furosemide
Bumetanide
(byoo-met-a-nide)
Bumex
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 54
Chlorothiazide
(klor-oh-thye-a-zide)
Diuril
Hydrochlorothiazide
(hye-droe-klor-oh-thye-a-zide)
Esidrex, HCTZ
Apo-Hydro
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 55
Sildenaf il Tadalafil
(sil-den-a-fil) (ta-da-la-fil)
Vardenaf il
(var-den-a-fil)
Levitra
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 56
Nursing Dx: Readiness for enhanced sexuality patterns; Also Used for: Respiratory system applications (pulmonary hyper-
Risk for injury. tension)
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 57
Doxazosin
(dox-ay-zoe-sin)
Cardura
Tamsulosin
(tam-soo-loe-sin)
Flomax
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 57
Finasteride
(fi-nas-teer-ide)
Propecia, Proscar
Dutasteride
(doo-tas-te-ride)
Avodart
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 58
Sevelamer
(se-vel-a-mer)
Renagel
Calcium Acetate
(kal-see-um ass-e-tate)
Calphron, PhosLo
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 59
Vitamin B with
Vitamin C
(vye-ta-min B with C)
Calcitriol
(kal-si-trye-ole)
Rocaltrol
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 61
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pathologic fracture); Risk for Also Used for: Musculoskeletal system applications (promotion of
imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements. calcium absorption in osteoporosis); integumentary system
applications (psoriasis)
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 62
Epoetin
(e-poe-e-tin)
Epogen, Procrit
Eprex
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 62
Nursing Dx: Activity intolerance; Ineffective tissue perfusion; Also Used for: Immune system applications (anemia associated
Risk for injury (seizures). with chemotherapy [nonmyeloid cancers]); cardiovascular system
applications (reduction of need for transfusion after surgery)
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 63
Iron Sucrose
(eye-ern su-krose)
Venofer
Tab03_Card_51-63.qxd 5/26/08 4:25 PM Page 63
IMMUNE
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 64
Allopurinol
(al-oh-pure-i-nole)
Zyloprim, Alloprim
Apo-Allopurinol
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 64
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Acute pain; Knowledge Also Used for: Musculoskeletal system applications (gouty arthritis)
deficit.
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 65
Cyclosporine
(sye-kloe-spor-een)
Sandimmune, Restasis
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 65
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Risk for injury; Excess fluid Also Used for: Sensory system applications (dry eye); musculoskeletal
volume. system applications (RA); integumentary system applications (psoriasis)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 66
Colchicine
(kol-chi-seen)
Colchicine
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 66
Nursing Dx: Acute pain; Knowledge deficit; Risk for Also Used for: Musculoskeletal system applications (gouty arthri-
infection. tis); gastrointestinal system applications (cirrhotic hepatitis)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 67
Celecoxib
(sel-e-kox-ib)
Celebrex
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 67
Mesalamine
(me-sal-a-meen)
Olsalazine
(ole-sal-a-zeen)
Dipentum
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 68
Montelukast
(mon-te-loo-kast)
Singulair
Zafirlukast
(za-feer-loo-kast)
Accolate
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 69
Pimecrolimus
(pye-mi-krol-i-mus)
Elidel 1% Cream
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 70
Indomethacin Ibuprofen,
(in-doe-meth-a-sin)
Oral
(eye-byoo-proe-fen)
Indocin
Apo-Indomethacin
Motrin, Advil
Apo-Ibuprofen
Naproxen Ketorolac
(na-prox-en) (kee-toe-role-ak)
Aspirin
(as-pir-in)
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class • If the tablets smell like vinegar, they are no longer
Antipyretic, nonopioid analgesic/Salicylate effective.
Indications • Contraindicated for children <16 y/o (Reye’s
Treatment of inflammatory disorders syndrome).
Action • A 325 mg dose of ASA should be taken if unre-
Inhibits the production of prostaglandins. Also lieved chest pain occurs.
decreases platelet aggregation.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects Make the Connection
EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus. GI: GI bleeding, • Monitor liver and renal function, elec-
dyspepsia, epigastric distress, heartburn, nausea, trolytes, bleeding time, CBC, and serum drug levels
abdominal pain, anorexia, hepatotoxicity, vomit- if on long-term therapy.
ing. Hemat: anemia, hemolysis, increased bleeding • Tinnitus is a sign of toxicity.
time. Misc: allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, laryn- • Monitor for drug effectiveness.
geal edema), noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. • Part of “MONA” for myocardial infarction—
morphine sulfate, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin.
Keep in Mind • 81 mg daily dosage helps to prevent clot forma-
Teach client: tion and may reduce cholesterol accumulation.
• Take with food or milk.
• Report tinnitus (toxicity level reached).
• Avoid taking with other NSAIDs.
Nursing Dx: Pain; Disturbed sensory perception (auditory); Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (decrease in platelet
Risk for injury. aggregation); musculoskeletal system applications (analgesia/arthritis)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 73
Methotrexate
(meth-o-trex-ate)
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Impaired gas exchange; Also Used for: Musculoskeletal system applications (rheumatoid
Potential for infection. arthritis); hematologic system applications (chemotherapeutic agent)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 74
Infliximab
(in-flix-i-mab)
Remicade
Etanercept
(e-tan-er-sept)
Enbrel
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 74
Filgrastim
(fil-gra-stim)
Sargramostim
(sar-gram-oh-stim)
Calcipotriene
(kal-si-poe-try-een)
Dovonex
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 76
Azithromycin Clarithromycin
(aye-zith-row-mye-sin) (kla-rith-roe-mye-sin)
Erythromycin
(eh-rith-roe-mye-sin)
Clindamycin
(klin-da-mye-sin)
Cleocin, Cleocin T
Dalacin C
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 78
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Diarrhea. Also Used for: Reproductive system applications (intravaginal
application for bacterial vaginitis)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 79
Gentamicin Amikacin
(jen-ta-mye-sin) (am-i-kay-sin)
Garamycin Amikin
Cidomycin
Kanamycin Tobramycin
(kan-a-mye-sin) (toe-bra-mye-sin)
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Risk for injury. Also Used for: Sensory system applications (ophthalmic/otic
infections); respiratory system applications (first-line treatment
with other drugs of tuberculosis)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 80
Vancomycin
(van-koe-mye-sin)
Vancocin
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 80
Ciprofloxacin
(sip-roe-flox-a-sin)
Cipro, Cipro XR
Levofloxacin
(le-voe-flox-a-sin)
Levaquin
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:41 PM Page 81
Amoxicillin Ampicillin/
(a-mox-i-sill-in)
Sulbactam
(am-pi-sill-in/sul-bak -tam)
Amoxil, Trimox
Apo-Amoxi
Unasyn
Amoxicillin/ Piperacillin/
Clavulanate Tazobactam
(a-mox-i-sill-in/klav-yoo-lan-ate) (pi-per-a-sill-in/tay-zoe-bak-tam)
Doxycycline
(dox-i-sye-kleen)
Doryx, Vibramycin
Apo-Doxy
Tetracycline
(te-tra-sye-kleen)
Achromycin
Apo-Tetra
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 83
Ceftriaxone Cephalexin
(3rd Generation) (1st Generation)
(sef-try-ax-one) (sef-a-lex-in)
Rocephin Keflex
Apo-Cephalex
Ceftazidime Cefepime
(3rd Generation) (4th Generation)
(sef-taz-i-deem) (sef-e-peem)
Imipenem/Cilastatin
(i-me-pen-em/sye-la-stat-in)
Primaxin
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 85
Isoniazid Ethambutol
(eye-soe-nye-a-zid) (e-tham-byoo-tole)
INH Myambutol
PMS Isoniazid Etibi
Pyrazinamide Rifampin
(peer-a-zin-a-mide) (rif-am-pin)
Trimethoprim/
Sulfamethoxazole
(trye-meth-oh-prim/sul-fa-meth-ox-a-zole)
Fluconazole Amphotericin B
(floo-kon-a-zole)
Deoxycholate
(am-foe-ter-i-sin)
Diflucan
Fungizone, Amphotec
Terbinafine Ketoconazole
(ter-bi-na-feen)
(Systemic)
(kee-toe-koe-na-zole)
Lamisil
Nizoral
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 88
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Risk for impaired skin Also Used for: Integumentary system applications (topical prepara-
integrity; Risk for injury; Pain. tions for tinea)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 89
Acyclovir Famciclovir
(ay-sye-kloe-veer) (fam-sye-kloe-veer)
Zovirax Famvir
Avirax
Valacyclovir
(val-ay-sye-kloe-veer)
Valtrex
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 89
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Readiness for enhanced Also Used for: Sensory system applications (ophthalmologic prepa-
comfort level. rations for viral eye infections)
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 90
Zanamivir
(za-na-mi-veer)
Relenza
Oseltamivir
(owe-sell-tam-i-veer)
Tamiflu
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 90
Abacavir Didanosine
(ah-back-ah-veer) (dye-dan-oh-seen)
Lamivudine Zidovudine
(la-mi-vyoo-deen) (zye-doe-vyoo-deen)
Ritonavir Saquinavir
(ri-toe-na-veer) (sa-kwin-a-veer)
Norvir Invirase
Nelfinavir Amprenavir
(nell-finn-a-veer) (am-pren-a-veer)
Viracept Agenerase
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 92
Nursing Dx: Risk for infection; Risk for loneliness; Risk for
injury.
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 93
Efavirenz Delavirdine
(e-fav-i-renz) (de-la-veer-deen)
Sustiva Rescriptor
Nevirapine
(ne-veer-a-peen)
Viramune
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 93
Lopinavir/Ritonavir Lamivudine/Zidovudine
(loe-pin-a-veer/ri-toe-na-veer ) (la-mi-vyoo-deen/zye-doe-vyoo-deen)
Kaletra Combivir
Abacavir
(ah-back-ah-veer)
Lamivudine
(la-mi-vyoo-deen)
Zidovudine
(zye-doe-vyoo-deen)
Trizivir
Tab04_Card_64-94.qxd 5/26/08 4:42 PM Page 94
MUSCULOSKELETAL
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 95
Cyclobenzaprine Baclofen
(sye-kloe-ben-za-preen) (bak-loe-fen)
Metaxolone
(met-ax-a-loan)
Skelaxin
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 95
Dantrolene
(dan-troe-leen)
Dantrium
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 96
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury. Also Used for: CNS applications (Parkinsonian crisis and neuroleptic
malignant syndrome [associated with anti-psychotic medications])
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 97
Edrophonium Neostigmine
(e-droh-fone-ee-yum) (nee-oh-stig-meen)
Pyridostigmine
(peer-id-oh-stig-meen)
Mestinon
Mestinon SR
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 97
Alendronate Etidronate
(a-len-drone-ate) (eh-tih-drone-ate)
Fosamax Didronel
Ibandronate Risedronate
(i-ban-dro-nate) (riss-ed-roe-nate)
Boniva Actonel
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 98
Raloxifene
(ra-lox-i-feen)
Evista
Tamoxifen
(ta-mox-i-fen)
Nolvadex
Alpha-Tamoxifen,
Novo-Tamoxifen
Tab05_Card_95-99.qxd 5/26/08 5:00 PM Page 99
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Impaired gas exchange; Pain. Also Used for: Reproductive applications (breast cancer prevention
and recurrence)
Tabs_All.qxd 5/26/08 6:09 PM Page 6
Acetaminophen
(a-seet-a-min-oh-fen)
Tramadol
(tra-ma-dol)
Ultram
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 101
Fentanyl (Transdermal)
(fen-ta-nil)
Duragesic
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 102
Oxycodone/ Hydrocodone/
Acetaminophen Acetaminophen
(ox-i-koe-done/ (hye-droe-koe-done/
a-seet-a-min-oh-fen) a-seet-a-min-oh-fen)
Hydrocodone/Ibuprofen
(hye-droe-koe-done/eye-byoo-proe-fin)
Vicoprofen
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 103
Meperidine
(me-per-i-deen)
Demerol
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 104
Nursing Dx: Acute pain. Also Used for: Central nervous system anesthetic applications
(preoperative sedation and induction of anesthesia)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 105
Morphine
(mor-feen)
Keep in Mind
Teach client:
• Pain control is better when the medication is Also Used for: Respiratory system applications (air hunger in the
taken before the pain is severe. dying patient, pulmonary edema), cardiovascular system applications
(pain control and reduction of oxygen consumption by the heart
Nursing Dx: Acute pain; Risk for injury (respiratory). during a myocardial infarction).
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 106
Propoxyphene Napsylate/
Acetaminophen
(proe-pox-i-feen nap-si-late/
a-seet-a-min-oh-fen)
Naloxone
(nal-ox-one)
Narcan
Naltrexone
(nal-treks-one)
Vivitrol
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 107
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class
Antidote (for opioids)/Opioid receptor antagonists Make the Connection
Indications • Monitor respiratory rate, rhythm, and
Reversal of CNS depression and respiratory depres- depth; pulse; ECG; blood pressure; and level of
sion because of suspected opioid overdosage and consciousness frequently for 3–4 hr after
alcohol abuse. Unlabelled Uses: Narcotic-induced administration.
pruritus (low-dose IV infusion). • If used to treat postoperative respiratory depres-
sion, assess effectiveness—but also remember that
Action these medications reverse the effects of analgesia.
Competitively block the effects of opioids, including • Assess pain using a pain scale.
CNS and respiratory depression, without producing • Assess client for signs and symptoms of opioid or
any agonist (opioid-like) effects. alcohol withdrawal. Symptoms may occur from
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects within a few minutes to 2 hr.
CV: hypertension, hypotension, ventricular fibrilla- • Excessive dose in postoperative patients may
tion, ventricular tachycardia. GI: nausea, vomiting. cause excitement, pain, hypotension, hyperten-
sion, pulmonary edema, ventricular tachycardia
Keep in Mind and fibrillation, and seizures.
Teach client:
• As medication becomes effective, explain purpose
and effects of naloxone to patient.
• Wear a Medic-Alert bracelet if receiving opioids
for chronic pain.
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pharmacologic). Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (management of
refractory circulatory shock), mental health (alcoholism)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 108
Propofol
(proe-poe-fol)
Diprivan, Disoprofol
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 108
Ketamine
(ket-a-meen)
Ketalar
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 109
Nursing Dx: Anxiety; Acute confusion; Disturbed thought Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (antidepressant);
process. respiratory system applications (bronchodilation in status asthmaticus);
musculoskeletal system applications (restless legs syndrome)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 110
Pentobarbital Secobarbital
(pen-toe-bar-bi-tal) (see-koe-bar-bi-tal)
Nembutal Seconal
Novopentobarb Novosecobarb
Phenobarbital
(fee-noe-bar-bi-tal)
Luminal, Solfoton
Ancalixir
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 110
Succinylcholine
(sux-sin-il-koe-leen)
Anectine, Quelicin
Pancuronium
(pan-cure-oh-nee-yum)
Pavulon
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 111
Bupivacaine
(byoo-pi-vi-kane)
Marcaine, Sensorcaine
Procaine
(pro-kane)
Novocaine
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 112
Midazolam
(mid-ay-zoe-lam)
Versed
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 113
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Ineffective breathing patterns. Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (status epilepticus)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 114
Zolpidem
(zole-pi-dem)
Ambien, Ambien CR
Pyrrolopyrazine
(pie-role-oe-py-ra-seen)
Lunesta
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 114
Ramelteon
(ram-ell-tee-on)
Rozerem
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 115
Levetiracetam
(le-ve-teer-a-se-tam)
Keppra
Lamotrigine
(la-mo-tri-geen)
Lamictal
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 116
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Risk for falls. Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (migraine
prevention, mood disorder, neurogenic pain, trigeminal neuralgia)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 117
Gabapentin Tiagabine
(ga-ba-pen-tin) (tye-a-ga-been)
Gabarone, Gabitril
Neurontin
Topiramate Pregabalin
(tope-ear-a-mate) (pre-gab-a-lin)
Topamax Lyrica
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 117
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Pain. Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (neurogenic
pain, mood disorders, and fibromyalgia)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 118
Carbamazepine
(kar-ba-maz-e-peen)
Oxcarbazepine
(ox-kar-baz-e-peen)
Trileptal
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 118
Phenytoin
(fen-i-toyn)
Dilantin
Fosphenytoin
(fos-fen-i-toyn)
Cerebyx
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 119
Primidone
(pri-mi-done)
Mysoline
Apo-Primidone
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 120
Ethosuximide
(eth-oh-sux-i-mide)
Zarontin
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 121
Divalproex
(dye-val-proe-ex)
Valproic Acid
(val-proe-ik as-id)
Depakene
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 122
Keep in Mind
Teach client:
• Take the medication at the same time each day
exactly as directed. Abrupt withdrawal may lead
to status epilepticus.
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury; Knowledge deficit. Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (mood disorders,
migraine prevention)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 123
Selegiline
(se-le-ji-leen)
Eldepryl, Carbex,
ENSAM Transdermal
Apo-Selegiline
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 123
Ropinirole
(rope-in-er-ole)
Requip
Pramipexole
(pram-i-pex-ole)
Mirapex
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 124
Amantadine
(a-man-ta-deen)
Symmetrel
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 125
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class • Dry mouth can be relieved with good oral hygiene
Anti-Parkinson’s agent, antiviral/Indirect dopamine and use of sugarless gum or candy.
releaser and dopamine receptor agonist • Notify health-care professional if confusion, mood
Indications changes, difficulty with urination, edema, shortness of
Symptomatic initial and adjunctive treatment of breath or worsening of Parkinson’s symptoms occurs.
Parkinson’s disease. • Full effect for Parkinson’s disease relief may take
Action up to 2 wk of therapy.
Potentiates the action of dopamine in the CNS. • Wean from the drug gradually.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
CNS: ataxia, dizziness, insomnia, anxiety, confu- Make the Connection
sion, depression, drowsiness, psychosis, seizures. • Monitor blood pressure periodically.
GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation. • Monitor vital signs and mental status periodically
EENT: blurred vision, dry mouth. Resp: dyspnea. during first few days of treatment.
CV: hypotension, CHF, edema. GU: urinary • Assess for CHF especially in clients on chronic
retention. Derm: mottling, rashes. Hemat: therapy or with a history of CHF.
leukopenia, neutropenia. • Assess client for the appearance of a diffuse red
mottling of the skin (livedo reticularis), especially
Keep in Mind in the lower extremities or on exposure to cold.
Teach client: • Monitor intake and output closely in geriatric
• Take medication around the clock as directed. clients. May cause urinary retention.
• May cause dizziness or blurred vision. Change • Symptoms of toxicity include CNS stimulation. Phy-
position slowly to avoid dizziness. siostigmine has been used to reverse CNS effects.
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pharmacologic); Impaired Also Used for: Immune system applications (antiviral prophylaxis
physical mobility. against influenza type A [Asian flu])
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 126
Bromocriptine
(broe-moe-krip-teen)
Parlodel
Apo-Bromocriptine
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 126
Tolcapone
(toll-ca-pone)
Tasmar
Entacapone
(en-tah-ca-pone)
Comtan
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 127
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pharmacologic); Impaired Also Used for: Musculoskeletal system applications (restless legs
mobility. syndrome)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 128
Levodopa
(lee-voe-doe-pa)
Carbidopa/Levodopa
(kar-bi-doe-pa/lee-voe-doe-pa)
Parcopa, Sinemet,
Sinemet Continuous Release (CR)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 128
Benztropine
(benz-troe-peen)
Cogentin
Apo-Benztropine
Trihexyphenidyl
(trye-hex-ee-fen-i-dill)
Artane
Apo-Trihex
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 129
Donepezil Galantamine
(doe-nep-i-zill) (ga-lant-a-meen)
Rivastigmine Tacrine
(rye-va-stig-meen) (tak-rin)
Exelon Cognex
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 130
Alprazolam Diazepam
(al-pray-zoe-lam) (dye-az-e-pam)
Xanax, Valium
Xanax Extended Apo-Diazepam
Release (XR)
Apo-Alpraz,
Novo-Alprazol
Clonazepam Lorazepam
(kloe-na-ze-pam) (lor-az-e-pam)
Klonopin Ativan
Syn-Clonazepam Apo-Lorazepam
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 131
Buspirone
(byoo-spye-rone)
BuSpar
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 132
Fluoxetine Citalopram
(floo-ox-uh-teen) (si-tal-oh-pram)
Prozac, Celexa
Prozac Weekly,
Sarafem
Fluvoxamine Paroxetine
(floo-voks-a-meen) (par-ox-e-teen)
Luvox Paxil
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 133
Lithium
(lith-ee-um)
Trazodone
(traz-oh-done)
Bupropion
(byoo-proe-pee-on)
Wellbutrin,
Wellbutrin Sustained Release (SR),
Wellbutrin Extra Long-Acting (XL),
Zyban
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 135
Venlafaxine Mirtazapine
(ven-la-fax-een) (meer-taz-a-peen)
Effexor, Remeron,
Effexor XR Remeron Soltabs
Nefazodone Duloxetine
(neff-a-zoe-done) (do-lox-e-teen)
Serzone Cymbalta
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 136
Nursing Dx: Disturbed thought processes; Anxiety; Also Used for: Reproductive system applications (premenstrual
Suicidal thoughts. syndrome)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 137
Amitriptyline Nortriptyline
(a-mee-trip-ti-leen) (nor-trip-ti-leen)
Imipramine Clomipramine
(im-ip-pra-meen) (cloe-mip-pra-meen)
Tofranil Anafranil
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 137
Phenelzine Tranylcypromine
(fen-el-zeen) (tran-ill-sip-roe-meen)
Nardil Parnate
Isocarboxazid
(eye-soe-car-box-a-zid)
Marplan
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 138
Haloperidol
(ha-loe-per-i-dole)
Haldol,
Haldol Long Acting (LA)
Apo-Haloperidol
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 139
Chlorpromazine Fluphenazine
(klor-proe-ma-zeen) (floo-fen-a-zeen)
Perphenazine Trifluoperazine
(per-fen-a-zeen) (try-floo-oe-pear-a-zeen)
Trilafon Stelazine
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 140
Thiothixene
(thye-oh-thix-een)
Navane
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 141
Aripiprazole Risperidone
(a-ri-pip-ra-zole) (ris-pear-i-doen)
Abilify Risperdal
Olanzapine Ziprasidone
(oe-lanz-a-peen) (zye-pras-i-doen)
Zyprexa, Geodon
Zyprexa Zydis
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 142
Nursing Dx: Disturbed thought processes; Disturbed sen- Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (bipolar
sory perception. disorder/mania)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 143
Caffeine Ergotamine,
(kaff-een)
Caffeine
(err-got-a-mine, kaff-een)
Cafcit
Cafergot
Butalbital, Acetaminophen,
Caffeine
(bute-al-bit-al, a-seet-a-min-oe-fen, kaff-een)
Fioricet
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 143
Sibutramine
(si-byoo-tra-meen)
Meridia
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 144
Methylphenidate
(meth-ill-fen-i-date)
Dexmethylphenidate
(dex-meth-ill-fen-i-date)
Amphetamine
(am-fet-a-meen)
Atomoxetine
(a-to-mox-e-teen)
Strattera
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 147
Nursing Dx: Risk for imbalanced nutrition: less than body Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (adjunctive
requirements; Suicidal thoughts. treatment for certain types of depression)
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 148
Modafinil
(mo-daf-i-nil)
Provigil
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 148
Almotriptan
(al-moe-trip-tan)
Axert
Sumatriptan
(su-ma-trip-tan)
Imitrex
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 149
Epinephrine
(e-pi-nef-rin)
Adrenalin, Ana-Guard,
AsthmaHaler Mist,
AsthmaNefrin (Racepinephrine),
EpiPen, MicroNefrin, Nephron,
Primatene, Sus-Phrine, S-2
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 150
Terbutaline
(ter-byoo-ta-leen)
Brethaire, Bricanyl
Tab06_Card_100-151.qxd 5/26/08 5:02 PM Page 151
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pharmacologic). Also Used for: Reproductive system applications (tocolytic therapy
for preterm labor).
Tabs_All.qxd 5/26/08 6:09 PM Page 7
CARDIOVASCULAR
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 152
Protamine Sulfate
(proe-ta-meen soll-fate)
Heparin
(hep-a-rin)
Dalteparin Enoxaparin
(dal-te-pa-rin) (e-nox-a-pa-rin)
Fragmin Lovenox
Fondaparinux Tinzaparin
(fon-da-par-i-nux) (tin-za-pa-rin)
Arixtra Innohep
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 154
Warfarin
(war-fa-rin)
Coumadin
Warfilone
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 155
Ticlopidine
(tye-cloe-pi-deen)
Ticlid
Clopidogrel
(kloh-pid-oh-grel)
Plavix
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 156
Aminocaproic Acid
(a-mee-noe-ka-pro-ik)
Amicar
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 157
Alteplase
(al-te-plase)
Cathflo Activase,
Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA),
Activase
Activase rt-PA
Streptokinase
(strep-toe-kye-nase)
Kabikinase, Streptase
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 158
Phytonadione
(fye-toe-na-dye-one)
AquaMEPHYTON,
Mephyton, Vitamin K
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 159
Digoxin
(di-jox-in)
Digitek, Lanoxicaps,
Lanoxin
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 160
Milrinone
(mill-ri-none)
Primacor
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 161
Nesiritide
(ne-sir-i-tide)
Natrecor
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 162
Dopamine
(dope-a-meen)
Intropin
Revimine
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 163
Metoprolol Atenolol
(me-toe-proe-lole) (a-ten-oh-lole)
Carvedilol Labetalol
(kar-ve-dil-ole) (la-bet-a-lole)
Nursing Dx: Ineffective tissue perfusion (renal, cerebral, Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (angina
cardiopulmonary, peripheral). pectoris); central nervous system applications (migraine headache,
aggressive behavior); sensory system applications (glaucoma)
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 165
Amlodipine Nifedipine
(am-loe-di-peen) (nye-fed-i-peen)
Verapamil Diltiazem
(ver-ap-a-mil) (dil-tye-a-zem)
mias, CHF, peripheral edema, bradycardia, • Notice the “Ca” in most brand names.
chest pain, hypotension, palpitations, syncope,
tachycardia. GI: abnormal liver function studies,
anorexia, constipation, diarrhea. GU: dysuria,
nocturia, polyuria, sexual dysfunction, urinary
Nursing Dx: Pain; Activity intolerance; Ineffective tissue Also Used for: Cardiovascular system applications (Raynaud’s phenom-
perfusion (renal, cerebral, cardiopulmonary, peripheral). enon); central nervous system applications (mood stabilizer [Calan])
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 166
Enalapril Ramipril
(e-nal-a-pril) (ra-mi-pril)
Vasotec, Altace
Vasotec IV
Lisinopril Captopril
(lyse-sin-oh-pril) (kap-toe-pril)
Losartan Valsartan
(loe-sar-tan) (val-sar-tan)
Cozaar Diovan
Candesartan Irbesartan
(can-de-sar-tan) (ir-be-sar-tan)
Atacand Avapro
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 167
Nursing Dx: Tissue perfusion (renal, cerebral, cardiopul- Also Used for: Urological system applications (diabetic nephropathy
monary, peripheral). prophylaxis)
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 168
Clonidine
(klon-i-deen)
Catapres, Catapres-TTS
Dixarit
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 168
Nursing Dx: Ineffective tissue perfusion (renal, cerebral, Also Used for: Central nervous system applications (epidural
cardiopulmonary, peripheral). administration for cancer pain adjunct; mood stabilizer; impulse
control in adolescence; opioid withdrawal)
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 169
Procainamide Amiodarone
(proe-kane-ah-mide) (am-ee-oh-da-rone)
Lidocaine Quinidine
(kwin-i-deen)
(Parenteral)
(lye-doe-kane)
Quiniglute
LidoPen, Xylocaine,
Xylocard
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 169
Nursing Dx: Decreased cardiac output. Also Used for: Dermatologic system applications (infiltration for
suturing [lidocaine]); central nervous system applications (transdermal
system and topical preparations for pain control [lidocaine])
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 170
Isosorbide Isosorbide
Mononitrate Dinitrate
(eye-soe-sor-bide mo-noe-nye-trate ) (eye-soe-sor-bide dye-nye-trate )
EXTENDED-RELEASE BUCCAL TABLETS Nitrogard Nitrogard SR INTRAVENOUS Nitro-Bid IV, Tridil TRANSLIN-
GUAL SPRAY Nitrolingual OINTMENT Nitro-Bid, Nitrol SUBLINGUAL Nitrostat, NitroQuick TRANSDERMAL SYSTEM
Gemfibrozil
(gem-fye-broe-zil)
Lopid
Fenofibrate
(fen-o-fi-brate)
Atorvastatin Simvastatin
(a-tore-va-stat-in) (sim-va-sta-tin)
Lipitor Zocor
Rosuvastatin Lovastatin
(roe-soo-va-sta-tin) (loe-va-sta-tin)
Crestor Mevacor
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 172
Ezetimibe
(e-zet-i-mibe)
Zetia
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 173
Colestipol Colesevelam
(koe-les-ti-pole) (koe-less-sev-i-lam)
Colestid Welchol
Cholestyramine Resin
(koe-less-tear-a-meen re-zin)
Omega-3-Acid
Ethyl Esters
(oh-me-ga three as-id eth-il es-ters)
Lovasa
Tab07_Card_152-176.qxd 5/26/08 5:05 PM Page 175
Folic Acid
(foe-lik a-sid)
RESPIRATORY
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 177
Aminophylline IV
(am-in-off-i-lin)
Phyllocontin, Truphylline
(A Salt of Theophylline)
Theophylline
(thee-off-i-lin)
Ipratropium
(i-pra-troe-pee-um)
Atrovent
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 178
Albuterol Metaproterenol
(al-byoo-ter-ole) (met-a-proe-ter-e-nole)
Salmeterol Formoterol
(sal-me-te-role) (for-mo-te-role)
Isoproterenol
(eye-soe-proe-ter-e-nole)
Isuprel, Medihaler-Iso
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 180
Acetylcysteine
(a-se-teel-sis-teen)
Nursing Dx: Ineffective airway clearance; Risk for injury Also Used for: Urological system applications (prevention of
(pharmacologic). radiocontrast-induced renal dysfunction; gastrointestinal system
applications (dissolution of gall stones)
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 182
Guaifenesin
(gwye-fen-e-sin)
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class that require alertness until the effect of the drug
Allergy, cold, and cough remedy, expectorant/Mucus is known.
humectant • Limit talking, stop smoking, and maintain mois-
Indications ture in the environment. Cool mist is best.
Treatment of coughs associated with viral upper • Sugarless gum and candy may be used to assist in
respiratory tract infections. Treatment of chronic keeping the mouth moist.
lung conditions. • If cough causes gagging; persists for greater than
1 wk; or is accompanied by a fever, rash, or sore
Action throat; contact health-care professional.
Reduces viscosity of tenacious secretions by increas-
ing respiratory tract fluid.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects Make the Connection
CNS: dizziness, headache. GI: nausea, diarrhea, • Assess lung sounds, and frequency and
stomach pain, vomiting. Derm: rash, urticaria. type of cough during therapy.
• Assess color and amount of secretions. Clients may
Keep in Mind swallow secretions, so do not assume that the cough
Teach client: is nonproductive because of this. If on auscultation,
• Cough effectively. Sit upright, take three deep rhonchi occur, move, and disappear with coughing,
breaths, and cough deeply with the hand placed this is a finding that indicates a productive cough.
loosely in front of the mouth (positive airway • Give with a full glass of water.
pressure). Do this several times. • Extended-release tablets should be swallowed
• This drug may cause dizziness, so avoid activities whole; not crushed, chewed, or broken.
Nursing Dx: Ineffective airway clearance; Ineffective Also Used for: Reproductive system applications (thinning of cervical
breathing pattern. mucus [infertility])
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 183
Fexofenadine Hydroxyzine
(fex-oh-fen-a-deen) (hye-drox-i-zeen)
Loratadine Diphenhydramine
(lor-a-ta-deen) (dye-fen-hye-dra-meen)
Beclomethasone Fluticasone
(be-kloe-meth-a-sone) (floo-ti-ka-sone)
Triamcinolone
(trye-am-sin-oh-lone)
Azmacort, Nasacort
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 184
Nursing Dx: Impaired gas exchange; Readiness for Also Used for: Respiratory system applications (asthma prophylaxis
enhanced breathing pattern. [steroid and beta adrenergic combinations]); dermatologic system
applications (topical application for dermatitis)
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 185
Nedocromil
(ne-doe-kroe-mil)
Tilade
Cromolyn
(kroe-moe-lin)
Intal, NasalCrom
Apo-Cromolyn
Tab08_Card_177-185.qxd 5/26/08 5:07 PM Page 185
Therapeutic/Pharmacologic Class • Prime the canister with three puffs before the first
Antiasthmatic agent, antiallergy agent/Mast cell use, and if the canister remains unused for more
stabilizer than 7 days, to ensure adequate and accurate
Indications dosing.
Management of mild to moderate asthma or • Notify health-care professional if asthmatic symp-
allergy-induced asthmatic reactions. toms do not improve within 4 wk, worsen, or recur.
Action • This medication is not for rescue during acute
Prevent the release of histamine and slow-reacting episodes of respiratory distress. Use bron-
substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from sensitized chodilators for rescue.
mast cells.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects Make the Connection
CNS: dizziness, fatigue, headache. EENT: • Evaluate pulmonary function testing.
pharyngitis, rhinitis. CV: chest pain. Resp: broncho- • Assess lung sounds and respiratory function
spasm, cough, dyspnea. GI: unpleasant taste, before and periodically during therapy.
diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting. Derm: • Reduction in dose of other asthma medications
rash. Misc: fever. may be possible after 2–4 wk of therapy.
Keep in Mind
• Pretreatment with a bronchodilator may be
required to increase delivery of inhalation product.
Teach client:
• Medication must be used as directed.
• Follow instructions for proper use of the metered-
dose inhaler.
Nursing Dx: Ineffective breathing pattern; Impaired gas Also Used for: Sensory system applications (allergic sensitivity [eye
exchange. drops])
Tabs_All.qxd 5/26/08 6:09 PM Page 9
EYE
Tab09_Card_186-189.qxd 5/26/08 5:10 PM Page 186
Acetazolamide
(a-set-a-zole-a-mide)
Nursing Dx: Risk for injury (pharmacologic); Disturbed Also Used for: Central nervous system applications
sensory perception (visual). (seizures/hydrocephalus); urologic system applications
(diuretic/uric acid and cystine lith reduction agent); respiratory
system applications (altitude sickness).
Tab09_Card_186-189.qxd 5/26/08 5:10 PM Page 187
Carbachol Pilocarpine
(carb-a-kol) (pie-loe-car-peen)
Demecarium Acetylcholine
(de-me-car-ee-um) (a-ceet-till-choe-leen)
Humorsol Miochol-E
Tab09_Card_186-189.qxd 5/26/08 5:10 PM Page 187
Dipivefrin Apraclonidine
(di-pi-ve-frin) (a-pra-clon-i-deen)
(Propine) Iopidine
Brimonidine Epinephrine
(bri-mon-i-deen) (e-pin-eff-rin)
Latanoprost
(lat-an-oe-prost)
Xalatan
Travoprost
(trav-oe-prost)
Travatan
Tab09_Card_186-189.qxd 5/26/08 5:10 PM Page 189
INDEX
Leek_Index_i-xi.qxd 5/26/08 5:38 PM Page I-i
I-i
I-ii
Apo-Nifeden, 165 Atro-Pen, 12 Betaloc, 164 C
Apo-Primidone, 120 atropine, 12 bethanechol, 52 Cafcit, 143
Apo-Selegiline, 123 Atrovent, 178 Biaxin, 77 Cafergot, 143
Apo-Sulfatrim DS, 87 attapulgite, 11 Biaxin XL, 77 caffeine, 143
Apo-Tetra, 83 Augmentin, 82 Bicitra, 2, 3 Calan, 165
Apo-Theo LA, 177 Augmentin ES, 82 bisacodyl, 18 Calan SR, 165
Apo-Trihex, 129 Augmentin XR, 82 Bisaco-Lax, 18 Calcimar, 42
Apo-Verap, 165 Avandia, 39 bismuth subsalicylate, calcipotriene, 76
Apo-Zidovudine, 91 Avapro, 167 11 calcitonin (rDNA), 42
apraclonidine, 188 Aventyl, 137 bismuth subsalicylate/ calcitonin (salmon), 42
Aqua-MEPHYTON, 159 Avirax, 89 metronidazole/tetracycline, calcitriol, 61
Aricept, 130 Avodart, 58 10 calcium acetate, 59
Aricept Oral Axert, 149 Bonamine, 23 calcium carbonate, 1
Disintegrating Axid, 6 Bonine, 23 calcium gluconate, 1
Tablets (ODT), 130 azithromycin, 77 Boniva, 98 Calphron, 59
aripiprazole, 142 Azmacort, 184 Brethaire, 151 Canasa, 68
Arixtra, 154 AZT, 91 Bricanyl, 151 candesartan, 167
Armour Thyroid, 41 brimonidine, 188 Capoten, 166
Artane, 129 B bromocriptine, 126 captopril, 166
Asacol, 68 baclofen, 95 Bronkidyl, 177 Carafate, 9
aspirin, 72 Bactrim, 87 bumetanide, 54 carbachol, 187
AsthmaHaler Mist, 150 Bactrim DS, 87 Bumex, 54 carbamazepine, 118
AsthmaNefrin Baking Soda, 3 bupivacaine, 112 Carbex, 123
(Racepinephrine), 150 Bayer Aspirin, 72 bupropion, 135 carbidopa/levodopa, 128
Atacand, 167 beclomethasone, 184 BuSpar, 132 Carbolith, 134
Atarax, 183 Bell-Ans, 3 buspirone, 132 Carboptic, 187
atenolol, 164 Benedryl, 183 butalbital, Cardizem, 165
Ativan, 131 Benedryl Allergy, 183 acetaminophen, Cardizem LA, 165
atomoxetine, 147 Benylin-E, 182 caffeine, 143 Cardura, 57
atorvastatin, 172 benztropine, 129 Byetta, 33 CartiaXT, 165
Leek_Index_i-xi.qxd 5/26/08 5:38 PM Page I-iii
I-iii
carvedilol, 164 ciprofloxacin, 81 Concerta, 145 delavirdine, 93
casanthranol & docusate citalopram, 133 Cordarone, 169 Deltasone, 44
sodium, 18 Citrocarbonate, 3 Coreg, 164 demecarium, 187
Catapres, 168 Citrucel, 15 Cortef, 44 Demerol, 104
Catapres-TTS, 168 clarithromycin, 77 Cortifoam, 44 Depakene, 122
Cathflo Activase, 158 Claritin, 183 cortisone, 44 Depakote, 122
cefepime (4th generation), Claritin Hives Relief, 183 Cortone, 44 Depakote Extended Release
84 Claritin Reditabs, 183 Coumadin, 155 (ER), 122
ceftazidime (3rd generation), Claritin 24-Hour Allergy, 183 Coverta-HS, 165 Deponit, 170
84 Clavulin, 82 Cozaar, 167 desmopressin, 47
ceftriaxone (3rd generation), Clear-Atadine, 183 Crestor, 172 Desyrel, 135
84 Cleocin, 78 cromolyn, 185 Detrol, 51
Celebrex, 67 Cleocin T, 78 cyclobenzaprine, 95 Detrol LA, 51
celecoxib, 67 clindamycin, 78 cyclosporine, 65 DexFerrum, 63
Celexa, 132 clomipramine, 137 Cymbalta, 136 dexmethylphenidate, 145
cephalexin (1st generation), clonazepam, 131 Cytomel, 41 dextrose 5% and 0.9% NaCl
84 clonidine, 168 Cytotec, 8 (hypotonic), 4
Cephulac, 19 clopidogrel, 156 dextrose 5% and 0.45%
Cerebyx, 119 codeine, 13 D NaCl (isotonic), 4
Cesamet, 27 Cogentin, 129 Dalacin C, 78 dextrose 5% in water
Children’s Loratadine, 183 Cognex, 130 dalteparin, 154 (isotonic), 4
chlorothiazide, 55 Colace, 20 Dantrium, 96 DiaBeta, 38
chlorpromazine, 140 Colchicine, 66 dantrolene, 96 diazepam, 131
cholestyramine resin, 174 colchicine, 66 Darvocet-N 50, 106 didanosine, 91
Chronulac, 19 colesevelam, 174 Darvocet-N 100, 106 Dideoxyinosine, 91
Cialis, 56 Colestid, 174 DC Softgels, 20 Didronel, 98
Cidomycin, 79 colestipol, 174 DDAVP, 47 Diflucan, 88
cimetidine, 6 Combivir, 94 DDAVP Rhinal Tube, 47 Digitek, 160
Cipro, 81 Compazine, 24 DDAVP Rhinyl Drops, 47 digoxin, 160
Cipro XR, 81 Comtan, 127 ddl, 91 Dilacor XR, 165
Leek_Index_i-xi.qxd 5/26/08 5:38 PM Page I-iv
I-iv
Dilantin, 119 Dulcolax, 18 epinephrine, 150, 188 fenofibrate, 171
Dilatia XT, 165 Dulcolax Magnesia Tablets, 21 EpiPen, 150 fentanyl (transdermal), 102
diltiazem, 165 duloxetine, 136 Epival, 122 fexofenadine, 183
Dimetapp Children’s ND Duragesic, 102 Epivir, 91 filgrastim, 75
Non-Drowsy Allergy, 183 Duramorph, 105 Epivir HBV, 91 finasteride, 58
Dimox, 186 dutasteride, 58 epoetin, 62 Fioricet, 143
Dimox Sequels, 186 Dyrenium, 53 Epogen, 62 Fletcher’s Castoria, 18
Diovan, 167 Eprex, 62 Flexeril, 95
Dipentum, 68 E ergotamine, caffeine, 143 Flomax, 57
diphenhydramine, 183 Ecotrin, 72 EryPed, 77 Florinef, 45
diphenoxylate/atropine, 13 edrophonium, 97 erythromycin, 77 Flovent, 184
dipivefrin, 188 E.E.S., 77 Esidrex, 55 Flovent Diskus, 184
Diprivan, 108 efavirenz, 93 Eskalith, 134 fluconazole, 88
Disoprofol, 108 Effexor, 136 esomeprazole, 7 fludrocortisone, 45
Ditropan, 51 Effexor XR, 136 etanercept, 74 fluoxetine, 133
Ditropan XL, 51 E/Gel, 77 ethambutol, 86 fluphenazine, 140
Diuril, 55 Eldepryl, 123 ethosuximide, 121 fluticasone, 184
divalproex, 122 Elevil, 137 Etibi, 86 fluvoxamine, 133
Dixarit, 168 Elidel 1% Cream, 70 etidronate, 98 Focalin, 145
docusate calcium, 20 Elixophyllin, 177 Evista, 99 Focalin Extended Release
docusate sodium, 20 E-Mycin, 77 Exelon, 130 (XR), 145
donepezil, 130 enalapril, 166 exenatide, 33 Folate, 176
dopamine, 163 Enbrel, 74 Ex-Lax, 18 Folex, 73
Dopar, 128 Endocet, 103 ExtenCaps, 2 Folex PFS, 73
Doryx, 83 Enlon, 97 ezetimibe, 173 folic acid, 176
Dovonex, 76 enoxaparin, 154 Folvite, 176
doxazosin, 57 ENSAM Transdermal, 123 F fondaparinux, 154
doxycycline, 83 entacapone, 127 famciclovir, 89 Foradil (Powder Inhaler), 179
Dramamine II, 23 Epifrin, 188 famotidine, 6 formoterol, 179
dronabinol, 27 Epimorph, 105 Famvir, 89 Fortamet, 34
Leek_Index_i-xi.qxd 5/26/08 5:38 PM Page I-v
I-v
Fortaz, 84 Glucotrol XL, 38 hydrocodone/acetaminophen, insulin glulisine (rDNA
Fortical, 42 glyburide, 38 103 origin) injection, 28
Fosamax, 98 Glynase PresTab, 38 hydrocodone/ibuprofen, insulin lispro, rDNA
fosphenytoin, 119 Glyset, 37 103 origin, 28
Fragmin, 154 GoLYTELY, 16 hydrocortisone, 44 Insulin-Toronto, 29
Fungizone, 88 granisetron, 26 hydroxyzine, 183 insulin zinc suspension,
furosemide, 54 guaifenesin, 182 hyoscyamine, 12 extended (ultralente
Guiatuss, 182 Hyrocet, 103 insulin), 30
G Hytuss, 182 Intal, 185
gabapentin, 117 H Intropin, 163
Gabarone, 117 Haldol, 139 I Invirase, 92
Gabitril, 117 Haldol Long Acting (LA), ibandronate, 98 Iopidine, 188
galantamine, 130 139 ibuprofen, 71 ipratropium, 178
Garamycin, 79 Halflytely, 16 Ilosone, 77 irbesartan, 167
Gas-X, 17 haloperidol, 139 Imdur, 170 iron dextran, 63
G-CSF (granulocyte HCTZ, 55 imipenem/cilastatin, 85 iron polysaccharide, 63
colony-stimulating factor), HELIDAC, 10 imipramine, 137 iron sucrose, 63
75 Hepalean, 153 Imitrex, 149 Ismo, 170
gemfibrozil, 171 heparin, 153 Imodium, 13 isocarboxazid, 138
gentamicin, 79 Hep-Lock, 153 Indocin, 71 Isonate, 170
Geodon, 142 Hep-Lock U/P, 153 indomethacin, 71 isoniazid, 86
Glaucon, 188 horazine, 140 InFeD, 63 isoproterenol, 180
glimepiride, 38 Humalog, 28 infliximab, 74 Isoptin, 165
glipizide, 38 Humatrope, 48 INH, 86 Isoptin SR, 165
GlucaGen, 40 Humibid, 182 Innohep, 154 Isopto Carbachol, 187
glucagon, 40 Humorsol, 187 insulin, regular, 29 Isopto Carpine, 187
Gluconorm, 36 Humulin N, 30 insulin aspart, rDNA origin, Isopto Hyoscine, 22
Glucophage, 34 Humulin R, 29 28 Isorbid, 170
Glucophage XR, 34 Humulin U Ultralente, 30 insulin detemir, 31 Isordil, 170
Glucotrol, 38 hydrochlorothiazide, 55 insulin glargine, 31 isosorbide dinitrate, 170
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isosorbide mononitrate, 170 Klor-Con, 2 Levitra, 56 losartan, 167
Isotrate, 170 Kristalose, 19 levodopa, 128 Losec, 7
Isotrate ER, 170 Kytril, 26 levofloxacin, 81 Lotronex, 14
Isuprel, 180 Levothroid, 41 Lovasa, 175
L levothyroxine, 41 lovastatin, 172
J labetalol, 164 Levoxyl, 41 Lovenox, 154
Junuvia, 35 lactated Ringer’s solution, 4 Levsin, 12 Luminal, 110
lactated Ringer’s solution lidocaine (parenteral), 169 Lunesta, 114
K (isotonic), 4 LidoPen, 169 Luvox, 133
Kabikinase, 158 Lactulax, 19 Lioresal, 95 Lyrica, 117
Kalcinate, 1 lactulose, 19 liothyronine, 41
Kaletra, 94 Lamictal, 116 liotrix, 41 M
Kantrex, 79 Lamisil, 88 Lipitor, 172 magnesium hydroxide, 21
Kaopectate, 11 lamivudine, 91, 94 Liquid Pred, 44 magnesium oxide, 21
Karacil, 15 lamivudine/zidovudine, 94 lisinopril, 166 Magnesium Sulfate Inj, 21
katamycin, 79 lamotrigine, 116 lithium, 134 magnesium sulfate (IV), 21
Kayexalate, 5 Lanoxicaps, 160 Lithobid, 134 Mag-Ox 400, 21
K-Dur, 2 Lanoxin, 160 Lithotabs, 134 Marcaine, 112
Keflex, 84 lansoprazole/amoxicillin/ LoCHOLEST, 174 Marinol, 27
Kemstro, 95 clarithromycin, 10 LoCHOLEST Light, 174 Marplan, 138
Keppra, 116 Lantus, 31 Lofibra, 171 Maxipime, 84
Ketalar, 109 lanzoprazole, 7 Lomotil, 13 meclizine, 23
ketamine, 109 Larodopa, 128 loperamide, 13 Medihaler-ISO, 180
ketoconazole (systemic), 88 Lasix, 54 Lopid, 171 Medrol, 44
ketorolac, 71 latanoprost, 189 lopinavir/ritonavir, 94 Megace, 50
K-Exit, 5 L-dopa, 128 Lopressor, 164 megestrol, 50
Klean-Prep, 16 Leutrine, 75 loratadine, 183 meperidine, 104
K-Long, 2 Levaquin, 81 lorazepam, 131 Mephyton, 159
Klonopin, 131 Levemir, 31 Lorcet, 103 Meridia, 144
K-Lor, 2 levetiracetam, 116 Lortab, 103 mesalamine, 68
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Mestinon, 97 Minitran, 170 Nardil, 138 Nitrodisc, 170
Mestinon SR, 97 Miocarpine, 187 Nasacort, 184 Nitro-Dur, 170
Metadate Continuous Miochol-E, 187 NasalCrom, 185 Nitrogard, 170
Dosage (CD), 145 MIRALAX, 16 nateglinide, 36 Nitrogard SR, 170
Metadate Extended Release Mirapex, 124 Natrecor, 162 nitroglycerin, 170
(ER), 145 mirtazapine, 136 Navane, 141 NitroglynE-R, 170
Metamucil, 15 misoprostol, 8 Nebcin, 79 Nitrolingual, 170
metaproterenol, 179 modafinil, 148 nedocromil, 185 Nitrong, 170
metaxolone, 95 MOM, 21 nefazodone, 136 Nitro-par, 170
metformin, 34 Monoket, 170 nelfinavir, 92 NitroQuick, 170
methimazole, 43 montelukast, 69 Nembutal, 110 Nitrostat, 170
methotrexate, 73 morphine, 105 neostigmine, 97 Nitro-Time, 170
methylcellulose, 15 Morphine H.P., 105 Nephro-calci, 1 nizatidine, 6
Methylin, 145 Morphine Sulfate, 105 Nephrocaps, 60 Nizoral, 88
Methylin Sustained Release Motrin, 71 Nephron, 150 Nolvadex, 99
(SR), 145 MS Contin, 105 nesiritide, 162 Non-Drowsy Allergy Relief for
methylphenidate, 145 Mucinex, 182 Neupogen, 75 Kids, 183
methylprednisolone, 44 Mucomyst, 181 Neurontin, 117 Normodyne, 164
Meticorten, 44 Mucosil, 181 Neut, 3 nortriptyline, 137
metoclopramide, 25 Myambutol, 86 neutral protamine Hagedorn Norvasc, 165
metoprolol, 164 Mylicon, 17 (NPH) insulin (isophane Norvir, 92
Mevacor, 172 Mysoline, 120 insulin suspension) Novo-Alprazol, 131
Miacalcin, 42 intermediate type, 30 Novocaine, 112
Micro-K, 2 N nevirapine, 93 Novo-Chlorpromazine, 140
Micronase, 38 nabilone, 27 Nexium, 7 Novo-Diltazem, 165
MicroNefrin, 150 naloxone, 107 nifedipine, 165 Novolin de Ultralente, 30
Midamor, 53 naltrexone, 107 Niferex, 63 Novolin ge NPH, 30
midazolam, 113 Naprosyn, 71 Nitrek, 170 Novolog, 28
miglitol, 37 naproxen, 71 Nitro-Bid IV, 170 Novo-Metformin, 34
milrinone, 161 Narcan, 107 Nitrocot, 170 Novopentobarb, 110
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Novo-Rythro, 77 oxycodone/acetaminophen, Phillips Magnesia Tablets, 21 pregabalin, 117
Novo-Salmol, 179 103 Phillips Milk of Magnesia, 21 Pressyn, 47
Novosecobarb, 110 oxytocin, 46 PhosLo, 59 Prevacid, 7
Novosorbide, 170 Oxytrol, 51 Phyllocontin, 177 Prevacid/Amoxil/Biaxin, 10
Novospiroton, 53 phytonadione, 159 Prevalite, 174
Novo-Tamoxifen, 99 P pilocarpine, 187 PREVPAC, 10
Novo-Veramil, 165 Pacerone, 169 Pilopine, 187 Prilosec, 7
Novulin R, 29 Pamelor, 137 Pilostat, 187 Prilosec OTC, 7
NuLytely, 16 Panadol, 100 pimecrolimus, 70 Primacor, 161
pancuronium, 111 pioglitazone, 39 Primatene, 150
O pantoprazole, 7 piperacillin/tazobactam, 82 Primaxin, 85
Octostim, 47 Parcopa, 128 Pitocin, 46 primidone, 120
octreotide, 49 Parlodel, 126 Pitressin, 47 Prinivil, 166
Ocusert Pilo, 187 Parnate, 138 Plavix, 156 procainamide, 169
olanzapine, 142 paroxetine, 133 PMS-Bismuth Subsalicylate, 11 procaine, 112
olsalazine, 68 Pavulon, 111 PMS-Dicitrate, 2 Procanbid, 169
omega-3-acid ethyl esters, Paxil, 133 PMS Isoniazid, 86 Procardia, 165
175 pentobarbital, 110 PMS-Levothyroxine Sodium, Procardia XL, 165
omeprazole, 7 Pepcid, 6 41 prochlorperazine, 24
ondansetron, 26 Pepto-Bismol, 11 PMS-Methylphenidate, 145 Procrit, 62
Oracit, 3 Pepto-Bismol/Flagyl/ PMS Pyrazinamide, 86 Prolixin, 140
Os-Cal, 1 Achromycin, 10 polyethylene glycol/ Promine, 169
oseltamivir, 90 Percocet, 103 electrolyte, 16 Pronestyl, 169
Osteocalcin, 42 Peri-Colace, 18 potassium chloride, 2 Pronestyl-SR, 169
Ovol, 17 Permitil, 140 pramipexole, 124 Propecia, 58
oxcarbazepine, 118 perphenazine, 140 pramlintide, 32 Propine, 188
oxybutynin (oral), 51 Phazyme, 17 Prandin, 36 propofol, 108
oxybutynin (transdermal), phenelzine, 138 Precose, 37 propoxyphene
51 phenobarbital, 110 prednisone, 44 napsylate/acetaminophen,
Oxycocet, 103 phenytoin, 119 PredPak, 44 106
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propylthiouracil, 43 R risedronate, 98 scopoloamine, 22
Propyl-Thyracil, 43 raloxifene, 99 Risperdal, 142 secobarbital, 110
Proscar, 58 ramelteon, 115 risperidone, 142 Seconal, 110
Prostigmin, 97 ramipril, 166 Ritalin, 145 selegiline, 123
protamine sulfate, 152 ranitidine, 6 Ritalin Long-Acting (LA), 145 sennoside, 18
Protamine Sulfate (Injection), Razadyne, 130 Ritalin (SR), 145 Senokot, 18
152 Razadyne ER, 130 ritonavir, 92 Sensorcaine, 112
Protonix, 7 Reglan, 25 rivastigmine, 130 Septra, 87
Protonix I.V., 7 Regulex, 20 Robitussin, 182 Serevent, 179
Proventil, 179 Relenza, 90 Rocaltrol, 61 Serostim, 48
Proventil Remeron, 136 Rocephin, 84 Serzone, 136
Hydrofluoroakane Remeron Soltabs, 136 Rofact, 86 sevelamer, 59
(HFA), 179 Remicade, 74 ropinirole, 124 sibutramine, 144
Provigil, 148 Reminyl, 130 rosiglitazone, 39 sildenafil, 56
Prozac, 133 Renagel, 59 rosuvastatin, 172 simethicone, 17
Prozac Weekly, 133 Renal Caps, 60 Rowasa, 68 simvastatin, 172
psyllium, 15 repaglinide, 36 Roxanol, 105 Sinemet, 128
PTU, 43 Requip, 124 Rozerem, 115 Sinemet Continuous Release
pyrazinamide, 86 Rescriptor, 93 (CR), 128
pyridostigmine, 97 Restasis, 65 S Singulair, 69
pyrrolopyrazine, 114 Retrovir, 91 salmeterol, 179 sitagliptin, 35
Revatio, 56 Salmonine, 42 Skelaxin, 95
Q Revimine, 163 Salofalk, 68 Slo-Bid, 177
Quelicin, 111 Rheumatrex, 73 Sandimmune, 65 Slo-Phyllin, 177
Questran, 174 rHu GM-CSF (recombinant Sandostatin, 49 Slow-K, 2
Questran Light, 174 human granulocyte/ Sandostatin LAR, 49 SMZ/TMP, 87
Quibron-T, 177 macrophage colony- Sans-Acne, 77 Soda Mint, 3
quinidine, 169 stimulating factor), 75 saquinavir, 92 sodium bicarbonate, 3
Quiniglute, 169 Rifadin, 86 Sarafem, 133 sodium chloride 0.45%
Qvar, 184 rifampin, 86 sargramostim, 75 solution (hypotonic), 4
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sodium chloride 0.9% sumatriptan, 149 Theo-Dur, 177 tranylcypromine, 138
solution (isotonic), 4 Surfak, 20 Theospan, 177 Travatan, 189
sodium chloride/sodium Sus-Phrine, 150 Theovent, 177 travoprost, 189
bicarbonate/potassium Sustiva, 93 thiophylline IV, 177 trazodone, 135
chloride with bisacodyl Symlin, 32 thiothixene, 141 Trazon, 135
slow release tablets, 16 Symmetrel, 125 3TC, 91 Trexall, 73
sodium citrate and citric Syn-Clonazepam, 131 thyroid, 41 Trialodine, 135
acid, 3 Syntocinon, 46 Thyrolar, 41 triamcinolone, 184
sodium polystyrene tiagabine, 117 triamterene, 53
sulfonate, 5 T Tiazac, 165 Tricor, 171
Solfoton, 110 tacrine, 130 Ticlid, 156 Tridil, 170
solifenacin, 51 tadalafil, 56 ticlopidine, 156 trifluoperazine, 140
Solu-Cortef, 44 Tagamet, 6 Tilade, 185 Triglide, 171
Solu-Medrol (IV), 44 Tamiflu, 90 tinzaparin, 154 trihexyphenidyl, 129
somatropin, 48 tamoxifen, 99 Tissue Plasminogen Trilafon, 140
Sominex, 183 tamsulosin, 57 Activator (t-PA), 158 Trileptal, 118
Sorbitrate, 170 Tapazole, 43 TOBI, 79 trimethoprim/
spironolactone, 53 Tasmar, 127 tobramycin, 79 sulfamethoxazole,
Starlix, 36 Tavist ND, 183 Tofranil, 137 87
Stelazine, 140 Tazicef, 84 tolcapone, 127 Triostat, 41
Stemetil, 24 Tegretol, 118 tolterodine, 51 Trizivir, 94
Stimate, 47 Tegretol Extended Release Topamax, 117 Truphylline, 177
Storzolamide, 186 (XR), 118 topiramate, 117 Tums, 1
Strattera, 147 Tenormin, 164 Toprol-XL, 164 Tums E-X, 1
Streptase, 158 Tensilon, 97 Toradol, 71 Tylenol, 100
streptokinase, 158 terbinafine, 88 tramadol, 101 Tylox, 103
S-2, 150 terbutaline, 151 Trandate, 164
succinylcholine, 111 tetracycline, 83 Transderm-Nitro, 170 U
sucralfate, 9 THC, 27 Transderm-Scop, 22 Ultram, 101
Sulcrate, 9 Theobid, 177 Transderm-V, 22 Unasyn, 82
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Unisom Nightime Sleep Aid, verapamil, 165 Welchol, 174 Ziagen, 91
183 Versed, 113 Wellbutrin, 135 zidovudine, 91, 94
Urecholine, 52 VESIcare, 51 Wellbutrin Extra Long-Acting ziprasidone, 142
Viagra, 56 (XL), 135 Zithromax, 77
V Vibramycin, 83 Wellbutrin Sustained Release Zmax, 77
valacyclovir, 89 Vicodin, 103 (SR), 135 Zocor, 172
Valium, 131 Vicoprofen, 103 Zofran, 26
valproic acid, 122 Videx, 91 X zolpidem, 114
valsartan, 167 Videx EC, 91 Xalatan, 189 Zosyn, 82
Valtrex, 89 Viracept, 92 Xanax, 131 Zovirax, 89
Vanceril, 184 Viramune, 93 Xanax Extended Release (XR), Zyban, 135
Vancocin, 80 Vistaril, 183 131 Zyloprim, 64
vancomycin, 80 vitamin B, 176 Xylocaine, 169 Zyprexa Zydis, 142
vardenafil, 56 vitamin B with vitamin C, Xylocard, 169
vasopressin, 47 60
Vasotec, 166 vitamin K, 159 Z
Vasotec IV, 166 Vivitrol, 107 zafirlukast, 69
Velosulin, 29 Volmax, 179 zanamivir, 90
venlafaxine, 136 VoSpira ER, 179 Zantac, 6
Venofer, 63 Zantac C, 6
Ventolin, 179 W Zarontin, 121
Ventolin HFA, 179 warfarin, 155 Zestril, 166
Ventro-Disk, 179 Warfilone, 155 Zetia, 173