河南富特重型机械有限公司

Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

球磨机 BALL MILL

本说明书为合订本，分上、下两册。

上册主要是介绍湿式球磨机，下册则是介绍干式球磨机。

This operating instruction is a bound volume, including volume

1 and volume 2. Volume 1 is for wet ball mill, and volume 2 is for dry ball mill.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

公司简介 Company profile

河南富特重型机械有限公司是一家以生产重型矿山机器为主，集科研、生产、销售为一体的大型股份制企业。公
司位于郑州国家高新技术产业开发区，占地 150000 平方米，拥有 100000 平方米标准化重型工业厂房，各种大、中型
金加工、铆焊、装配设备 200 余台，在线员工 960 余人，其中具有中、高级职称的管理干部和工程技术人员 120 余人。
公司先后引进了美国、德国、日本、澳大利亚等国家的先进技术和工艺，建立了国际先进的生产线和一流的现代化检
测基地，并成立了砂石机器研究室、磨粉机器研究室、选矿设备研究室。公司以科学的管理方法，精益求精的制造工
艺，勇于创新的制造理念迅速壮大成长为中国矿山机械生产和出口基地。

富特公司视质量为生命，奉用户为上帝，并一贯遵循对每一道工序负责，对每一台产品负责，对每
一位用户负责的质量方针，竭诚为用户服务。现所有产品已通过 ISO9001 国际质量体系认证，公司生产
的“富特牌”机器被评为“中国著名品牌”
。可靠稳定的质量使我公司产销量及各项综合经济指标居国
内同行业之前列，数万家用户遍布全国，并远销六十多个国家。

公司主要生产有破碎设备、制砂设备、选矿设备、磨粉设备、建材设备五大系列产品。同时公司可
为用户提供项目设计，工艺流程设计，标准和非标准产品设计及生产。红星公司用产品抢占市场，用服
务创造市场，用品牌引领市场。
“铸富特品牌，让用户满意”是富特公司永恒的追求。
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd is a joint-stock mining machinery manufacturing enterprise integrated in scientific
research, production and marketing. It is located at the High & New Technology Industries Development Zone of Zhengzhou,
China with an area of 150,000m which includes 100,000m of standard heavy duty industrial workshop. There are more than
160 equipments, including large and medium sized metal processing, riveting and installing equipment. There are more than
960 workers including 120 administrators with secondary and senior occupational titles and engineering technicians. In order to
promote the competitive strength, the advanced technologies have been introduced from America, Germany, Japan and
Australia to establish the international advanced production line, first-class modern testing base as well as research centers of
sand maker, mill and mine-selecting equipment. Scientific management, advanced processing technology and innovative
manufacturing theory make the company become the mining machinery manufacturing and exporting base in China.

Fote Company lays much emphasis on the quality and clients. We serve clients with the quality guideline of being responsible
for every working procedure, every product and every client. What we have done is for the clients and we believe that quality is
the best way to develop market. All of the products have passed the authentication of ISO9001. Fote Brand is the Chinese
Famous Brand. Reliable and stable quality is the key to success; our products are well known at home and abroad. Now we
have tens of thousands of users throughout China and more than 60 world markets.

Our main products include five series, they are: crushing equipment, sand making equipment ,concentrating equipment, milling,
equipment, building materials equipment. Moreover, we can provide program design, process flow design, standard and
non-standard design for clients. Fote occupies market by products, creates market by service and leads market by popularity.
Establish of Fote brand for satisfaction of users is the persistent pursuit of Fote Company.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

产品综述 Overview of Products

产品的性能及用途 Performance and usage of products

球磨机是继破碎机之后，对矿石或其它物料继续进行粉碎，皆在获得工艺要求的更细颗粒产品的机械设备。

Ball mill, used to get finer particle end products, is the key milling mechanical equipment after materials have been crushed.

磨机的分类 Classification of ball mill

根据工艺使用条件磨机可分为：
1、湿式球磨机：将物料研磨成一定浓度的矿浆，一般浓度为 60～70%。
2、干式球磨机：将物料研磨成合乎要求的矿粉。矿粉的粗细程度应根据研磨体的级配情况及喂料速度进行合理
的调整。

根据结构形式磨机可分为：
1、格子型球磨机：当物料上限粒度需要磨到 0.2～0.3mm 的均匀产物时，选用格子型球磨机较好。它能及时的
将合格的产品排出，减少矿石的过粉碎，磨矿效率较高等特点。因此常用于第一段磨矿系统。
2、溢流型球磨机：磨矿产品粒度一般小于 0.2mm，因此适用于两段磨矿流程中的第二段磨矿，作用是将中间产
品再粉磨。单位处理量比同条件同一规格的格子型球磨机要低约 15%左右，研磨介质装载量也减少。

根据布置形式磨机可分为：
1、右旋：站在磨机出料端向进料端方向看，传动部分在左边。
2、左旋：站在磨机出料端向进料端方向看，传动部分在右边。

说 明：在签订合同时需注明工艺使用条件（湿式或者干式）、结构形式（格子型或者溢流型）、布置形式（右旋
或者左旋；若无明示，生产厂家均按右旋统一供货）
。

According to service conditions, ball mills can be divided into：

1.Wet ball mill: grind materials into ore slurry, usually with a concentration of 60-70%.
2.Dry ball mill: grind materials into requested ore powders. The fineness of the ore powders can be adjusted according to the
grinding body condition and the feeding speed.

According to the structure, ball mills can be divided into:

1.Grate type ball mill: it is better to use grate type when customers need even end products with even size 0.2-0.3mm. Grate
type ball mill can discharge qualified products timely, which will avoid over crushed and improve grinding efficiency.
Therefore, it is often used in first stage of ore grinding.
2.Overflow type ball mill: particle of end products is usually smaller than 0.2mm. Overflow type is commonly used to grind
intermediate products in second stage of ore grinding. Compared with grate type, capacity of overflow type is 15% less in the
same condition. And load of grinding medium of overflow type is also less than grate type.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

According to arrangement, ball mills can be divided into ：

1.Dextrorotary type: standing in front of discharging end and looking at the feeding end, the transmission part is on left side.
2.Levorotary type: standing in front of discharging end and looking at the feeding end, the transmission part is on the right
side.

Note: when signing contract, client should specify the service condition of technical process chart (wet type or dry type),
structure form (grate type or overflow type), and arrangement form (dextrorotary type or levorotary type; if no indication,
manufacturer will supply products in dextrorotary type.)

产品型号的意义 Explanation of products model

 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

产品适用的工作条件 Operating conditions

1、安装条件：室内安装。
。
2、海拔高度：≤1000m（特殊情况，另行说明）
3、工作制度：连续。

1.Install condition: inside installation.

2.Altitude: ≤1000m (explanation should be given if there is special situation).
3.Working system: continuously.

所依据的产品标准 Products standard

本磨机各项性能指标参考 JB/T1406-2002《球磨机和棒磨机》标准。

The performance index of this ball mill refer to JB/T1406-2002 “Ball Mill and Rod Mill” standard.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

湿式球磨机:5-24 Wet Ball Mill: 5-24

目录（上册）Contents(Volume 1)

一、工作原理及结构概述
Overview of Work Principle and Structure……………………………………………01

二、磨机的安装
Installation of Ball Mill……………………………………… ……………………04

三、试运转
Text run ………………………………………………………………………………07

四、操作、维护和检修
Operation, Maintenance and Overhaul …………………… ………………………09

五、润滑油品种及用量
Sorts and Dosage of Lubrication Grease……………………………………………12

六、湿式球磨机的结构图
Structure of Wet Ball Mill…………………………………………………………13
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

工作原理及结构概述 Overview of Work Principle and Structure

本系列磨机常规均为边缘传动形式，磨内一般分成单仓、双仓结构，矿用磨机常使用单仓结构较多。

物料由鼓式进料器通过中空轴螺旋筒进入磨内。磨机筒体内装有研磨介质，当筒体回转时，研磨介质由于惯性离
心力的作用，贴附在磨机筒体内壁衬板面上，与筒体一起回转被带到一定高度后，借助于重力作用自由落下，将筒体
内的物料击碎。

研磨介质在回转的筒体内除有上升、下落的循环运动外，还会产生滑动和滚动，致使研磨介质、衬板和物料之间
发生研磨作用，将物料磨细。

物料在受到冲击破碎和研磨磨碎的同时，借助于进料端和出料端的物料本身的料面高度差，使物料由进料端向出
料端缓慢流动。通过出料端篦子板（格子型磨机在出料端装有篦子板；溢流型磨机出料端则装有与进料端相同的端衬
板——即：盲衬板，矿浆是靠磨机内的压力差从出料口自行溢出的）进入出料螺旋筒，由出料螺旋筒将物料卸出。当
用于闭路工艺粉磨时，不合格的物料由分级设备选出并返回到进料端形成循环作业。

在磨机筒体中，当研磨介质装填的数量很多时，分布在靠近筒体横截面中心部分的研磨介质，不足成抛落运动，
从而产生较多的滚动和滑动，致使物料受到研磨作用而磨细。所以在细磨粒径较大或较硬物料时，研磨介质平均尺寸
要大些，装填数量可少些。从而保证研磨介质具有足够的抛落高度，加强冲击破碎作用。反之，在细磨粒径较小或较
易磨的物料时，研磨介质平均尺寸可以小些，但装填数量应多些。这样会加强研磨磨碎作用。由此可见，研磨介质的
装填量、尺寸大小、级配情况都会直接影响到磨机粉磨的效果。

磨机筒体的回转速度对物料粉磨的作用影响很大。当筒体的转速适中时，研磨介质的运动呈“抛落运动状态”，
粉磨的效果最好。所以磨机的转速都是按照这个速度范围设计和制造的。

This series ball mill normally adopts edge transmission. The inner part is commonly divided into single chamber, double
chamber or triple chamber. Mining mill usually adopt single chamber structure.

Materials from drum type hopper enter the mill through the hollow shaft spiral shell. The mill has grinding mediums in the
shell. When the shell rotate, grinding mediums attach to the shell’s inside liner because of centrifugal inertial force. After rising
to some height with the shell, the grinding mediums free fall down becauseof gravity, and this will crush the materials in the
shell.

In addition to the rising-and-falling circulatory movement, grinding medium also can slide and roll. So that the grinding
medium, liner and materials grind with each other and finally materials are grinded into fine powder.

When materials receive impact crushing and grinding, meantime, they flow from feeding end to discharging end due to the
altitude difference. Through the grate board (grate type mill have grate board in the discharging end; overflow mill have the
same end liner in the discharging end as in the feeding end. The end liner is blind liner. Ore slurry spills out of the discharging
end because of pressure difference in the mill) go to the discharging end and then materials enter the discharge spiral shell and
are discharged from the discharge spiral shell. While used in closed circuit grinding, unqualified materials are picked out by
classification machine and then back to feeding end. Thus circular production forms.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

When filled plenty of grinding mediums in the mill shell, the mediums near the shell cross section could not give rise to throw
and fall movement, but generate much rolling and gliding which will grind materials to fine. Therefore, the shell need bigger
but less mediums while grind hard and big materials. This will ensure enough height for the mediums to fall down and
reinforce the crushing effect. On the contrary, the shell need smaller but more mediums while grinding small and not so hard
materials. This will reinforce the grinding effect. It shows that the grinding effect depends on quantity, size, and grade of
mediums.

The shell rotation speed also influences the grinding effect greatly. When it is appropriate, the grinding medium move in the
throwing-and-falling way, and the grinding effect is the best. Hence, the rotation speed is all designed according to this speed
range.

磨机的主要结构由以下几个部分组成：Main structure of the ball mill:

1、进料装置
进料装置主要是一个鼓式进料器，进料器上设有法兰，该法兰与进料端中空轴相连接。中空轴内有供进料用的螺
旋筒，物料经此进入磨内。

2、回转部分
回转部分是一个由钢板焊接的筒体，两端分别用螺栓与进、出料中空轴相连，并通过水平的轴承支承着，在进、
出料中空轴内装有进出料螺旋筒。回转部是通过固定在筒体出料端的大齿轮与由电动机经减速机减速的小齿轮相啮合
使其回转的。并借助筒体内的衬板将物料和研磨介质带起而进行粉磨作业的。

筒体内部根据需要可设置隔仓板，隔仓板的位置可以根据生产需要进行调整，每个粉磨仓可装入不同大小的研磨
介质，在出料尾端设有出料篦子板，其目的是防止研磨介质出磨。

在出料篦子板后设有扬料板，它把进入的物料及时的送入中空轴内的出料螺旋筒中，以便及时卸出。

筒体内部设有衬板，它既可以保护筒体不受磨损又起到把研磨介质带到适宜的高度，以达到最佳粉磨的目的。

若有隔仓板的磨机，在粉磨过程中因一仓的物料颗粒较大，应以冲击粉磨为主，故选用阶梯衬板；在细磨仓应
以研磨为主，均采用波纹衬板。

衬板均用螺栓与筒体固定，易于安装和更换。

为修理或更换磨内零件和装卸研磨介质，筒体上均设置了人孔。

3、出料装置
出料装置是一个带有喇叭口的出料螺旋筒，装置上设有法兰，该法兰与出料端中空轴相连接，物料经此卸出。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

4、主 轴 承
磨机全部回转部分的重量（包括研磨介质和物料）皆由一对结构相同的主轴承支承，当磨机运转时轴承可以自
动调心，以适应制造和安装时的误差。

5、传动装置
磨机的动力是通过一对大小齿轮传动的，大齿轮通过筒体上的法兰与筒体相连，小齿轮由一对滚动轴承支承并
通过联轴器与减速机、电动机相连接。磨机传动装置的布置以及所有带方向性的零部件结构是不许随意变动的。

*6、润滑装置（使用单位自配）
两个主轴承均采用滚动轴承。润滑方式：干油脂润滑，有手动或自动形式之分，使用单位根据自行情况进行选
配。

*7、慢传装置
为保证磨机的检修和装载研磨体等需要，本磨机配备了慢传装置，它由制动电动机、减速机及牙嵌离合器构成。
当需要时，将牙嵌离合器合并，就可使用。当要开主电动机时，切记要将牙嵌离合器脱开，此处应与主电动机电气联
锁。即离合器处的行程开关，应串入主电动机的主控制回路中。

说 明：
①“*6”处为自行配置项目，使用单位根据自行情况配备。
②“*7”处为选配项目，可根据要求增加该装置。若订货时对该装置无要求，生产制造厂家均不配置（一般情
况下，Φ2700mm 以上磨机才配该装置。同时，Φ2700mm 磨机在无要求时均不配置）。

1.Feeding device
Feeding device is basically a drum type feeder, on which a flange is equipped. The flange is connected with the hollow shaft in
the feeding end. In the hollow shaft there is a spiral shell, and materials enter the mill through the spiral shell.

2.Rotating part
The rotating part is a steel welded shell, ends of which is respectively connected with the feeding and discharging hollow shaft
by bolts and supported by a horizontal bearing. In the feeding and discharging hollow shaft, a feeding and discharging spiral
shell is equipped there. The rotation is realized by the mesh of the gear (fixed on the discharging end) and the pinion
(decelerated by reduction box). Drawing support from the liner, the materials and mediums are elevated and grinded.

A partition plate may be fixed in the shell as required. The position of the partition plate is adjustable. Different grinding
chambers can be filled with different sized mediums. The discharging end is fixed with a discharge grate board in order to
prevent mediums leaking off.

A lifting board is equipped at the back of the discharge grate board. The lifting boards timely send materials to the discharge
spiral in the hollow shaft and then discharge them.

The liners in the shell not only protect the shell from being damaged, but also lift materials to an appropriate height to get a
best grinding effect.

Mills with partition plate have bigger materials in the first chamber, so it is better to adopt impact grinding and use stage liners.
The fine milling chamber shall adopt grinding and use ripple liners.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

The liners are fixed to the shell by bolts, easily install and replace.

Manholes are arranged in the shell for easy repair, easy fittings replace, and easy mediums change.

3.Discharging device
Discharging device refers to the discharging spiral shell with a horn mouth. The flange, equipped on the discharging device, is
connected with the discharging end hollow shaft. Materials are discharged from this device.

4.Main bearing
The whole weight (including materials and grinding mediums) of rotating part is supported by apair of main bearings with
same structure. When the mill is working, the bearing can align automatically so as to adapt to the errors caused during
manufacture and install.

5.Transmission device
The motive power of the mill is realized by transmission of the gearwheel and the pinion. The gearwheel is connected to the
shell by a flange; the pinion, supported by a pair of rolling bearings, is connected to the gear reducer and the motor by the
coupling. The arrangement of the transmission device and all directional parts are not allowed to be changed.

*6.Lubrication device (equipped by end user)

Both main bearings are employed rolling bearings. Lubrication method: dry grease lubrication; the users can choose manual
lubrication or automatic lubrication according to the actual situation.

*7.Slow transmission device

This ball mill is equipped with slow transmission device in order to meet the need of maintenance and grinding mediums
loading. The slow transmission device is composed by brake motor, reduction motor and claw clutch. Combine the claw
clutches, and then the slow transmission device can be started. Do cut off the claw clutches before start the main motor. The
position switch of the clutch should be connected into the main control loop.

Note:
①“*6” is a self-equip item. End users may equip it in accordance with actual situation.
②“*7” is an optional equip item. Users may add it in accordance with actual requirement. Manufacturers do not provide it
unless buyers have special request. (Generally, manufacturers do not provide it unless the mill diameter is bigger than
Φ2700mm. Actually, Φ2700mm is not equipped with *7 if there is no special requirement.)
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

磨机的安装 Installation of Ball Mill

磨机应安装在牢固的混凝土基础上。磨机的基础设计和施工参看总装图和基础图。为了保证使用过程中磨机各部
件的位置精度不发生大的变化，磨机的基础应采用整块式结构。

混凝土基础耐压强度达到 75%以上后即可在上面安装磨机。在安装之前应对基础的质量进行检验，要求混凝土没
有影响强度的缺陷，预留孔的数量和位置符合要求，预留孔内无杂物、积水和油污。

采用“地线法”进行安装作业时，在基础表面上应预埋“中心标板”。安装前在基础上画出所有中心线，并在“中
心标板”上做出醒目的冲点标记，作为安装时的中线基准。

The mill should be installed in the solid concrete foundation. Design and construct mill foundation as per the general
installation drawing and foundation drawing. The mill foundation should adopt mono block structure to avoid translocation.

Install the mill when the compressive strength of the concrete foundation comes to 75%. Before installation, inspect the
foundation to make sure the concrete has no defect that will affect the strength; check the preformed holes, make sure the
quantity and the place are right; clear up the sundries, water and the greasy dirt in the preformed hole.

While installing with geodesic line method, embed a “center object board” on the surface of the foundation. Draw up all center
lines before installation and make an obvious mark on the center object board as the center line standard.

磨机安装除按图纸的要求外，还应按如下要求进行
Some other notice except the drawing:

1、安装注意事项
（1）安装前，应对主要零件进行质量检验，如有损伤和变形等缺陷，要事先进行修复。
（2）安装时，要十分重视对零件的清洗，特别是各配合面等。
（3）凡是带有方向性的零件，如：衬板及进、出料螺旋筒等均需按图纸中的要求安装，不得装反。

2、基础划线的质量要求
（1）两主轴承底板的中心线距离，一般应符合设计要求。
（2）两主轴承底座的纵向中心线应平行，其平行度误差不得大于 0.5 毫米。
（3）标高的允许误差为±5 毫米（一次混凝土表面）
。

3、灌浆
（1）灌浆前应使设备底面保持清洁，油污和泥土等杂物应清除。
（2）灌浆层应紧密粘贴在基础上，灌浆前应清除地脚螺栓孔中的垃圾，需灌浆的表面应凿成麻面，被油污的混凝
土应凿去，并用水清洗干净，凹孔内不得积水。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

（3）灌浆一般宜采用细碎石子混凝土（或水泥砂浆）其标号至少应比基础的混凝土标号高一级。灌浆时，应捣固密
实，捣固时不得撞动设备、垫铁和地脚螺栓等，以免影响设备的安装精度。
（4）当灌浆层的耐压强度达到设计强度四分之三之后，才能拧紧地脚螺栓。

4、回转部分的安装
磨机回转部分的轴线应呈水平，在两端的中空轴大法兰上顶处测量，高度应一致，有误差时允许进料端高于出
料端 1mm。 在两端中空轴的轴承座压盖处看，中空轴与轴承压盖周围的缝隙应基本一致，并且内外压盖处都应使缝
隙基本一致。

5、大齿轮的安装
大齿轮与筒体安装时，齿圈法兰面与筒体法兰面之间不得有间隙(大齿轮侧面如有回油槽的磨机，回油槽的接口在
安装时应焊好，防止漏油)。

大、小齿轮安装时，必须保证小齿轮对大齿轮的作用力垂直向上。大、小齿轮的齿面应平行接触良好，齿侧间隙
符合要求。

6、传动装置的安装
在回转部分调整好水平以后，方可进行传动装置的安装。首先检查传动装置组装的质量情况，主要是检查小齿轮
轴与减速机低速轴的同心情况、检查减速机高速轴与电机轴的同心情况，并进行必要的调整和紧固。

以回转部分大齿轮为基准，安装和调整传动装置。使小齿轮的齿宽与大齿轮的齿面两边宽度均匀一致。使小齿轮
的齿面与大齿轮的齿面平行，齿侧间隙按最小处留 0.5mm。可在齿轮啮合处压铅丝，观看铅丝厚度和对比厚度是否一
致。从大、小齿轮的接触痕迹看，接触痕迹应占全长的 60%以上，接触痕迹的高度占到全高的 40%左右。

如果接触痕迹偏向齿面宽度的一端，即表明齿面不平行。如果传动大齿轮一周有挤死的情况，说明齿轮间隙太小，
应使小齿轮离开大齿轮一点。

7、衬板的安装
（1）安装衬板前应将筒体内的尘垢清除干净。
（2）安装衬板前应先对衬板进行检查和修整，其背面和四周应光滑平整，螺栓孔应彻底清砂和清除铸造飞边，
使螺栓能顺利穿入。其背面和四周应酌情用砂轮修整，达到安装要求。
（3）安装衬板时，应将其和筒体贴合面间填充水泥砂浆（水灰比例 1：2），在砂浆凝固前将螺栓拧紧，所有衬板
之间的间隙应用水泥砂浆填满。
（4）固定衬板螺栓，应仔细地垫好密封垫，以防止漏出矿浆。
（5）有方向性的衬板应注意方向不得装反。长磨机一般由隔仓板把磨筒隔成前后两仓。进料端为第一仓，第一
仓为阶梯衬板。安装时，阶梯衬板的薄端应与磨机工作时回转方向一致。隔仓板的篦子孔是锥形的，安装时应使锥口
的大端与磨机的排料方向一致。
（6）安装隔仓板时，应穿好全部螺栓，然后分三次逐步把螺栓拧紧。同时注意，应先紧筒体内中心圆盘上连接
螺栓，后紧筒体上的螺栓。螺栓全部拧紧以后，把筒体内中心圆盘上螺栓的螺帽用电焊“点焊”
，防止松动。
（7）筒体衬板不得形成环形间隙。
（8）水泥砂浆凝固达到强度要求后才可以投料试车。运转中发现螺栓松动应及时拧紧。

8、齿轮罩的安装
齿轮罩安装好后，不得有漏油和与齿轮相干涉现象。所有的密封圈一定要安装严密，罩内要严格清理干净。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

1.Important notice of installation

(1)Before installation, check the quality of the main parts. If damaged or deformed, do repair first.
(2)When install, attach importance to clear the parts, especially the fitting surface.
(3)Install all the directional parts (such as liner, feeding and discharging spiral shell) as per the drawing. No opposite
installation is allowed.

2.Quality requirements of foundation line

(1)Distance between center lines of the two main bearings baseboard should fit the design.
(2)The longitudinal center lines of two bearing foundation should be parallel. Error of depth of parallelism should be no bigger
than 0.5mm.
(3)Accepted error of elevation is ±5mm. (each concrete surface).

3.Grouting
(1)Before grouting, do keep the underside of the machine tidy, and clear the greasy dirt and grease away.
(2)Before grouting, get rid of the dirt in the anchor bolt; chisel the surface into pitted surface; chisel away the greasy concrete,
clean it with water and no water storm before grout. The grout blanket should be integrated with the foundation.
(3)Grouting basically adopts fine gravel concrete (or cement plaster) or at least one grade higher than the concrete
grade. When grouting, tamp densely, do not strike the machine, shim plate and anchor bolt in order not to affect the installation
accuracy.
(4)Never screw up the anchor bolt until the compressive strength of grouting blanket reaches three fourths of design strength.

4.Installation of rotating part

The axes in the rotating part shall be in horizontal level. Measuring from the top of the hollow shaft flange, their height shall
be consistent. It allows little inaccuracy that the feeding end can be 1mm higher than the discharging end. Seeing from the
bearing seat gland of the hollow shaft on the two ends, the gap between the hollow shaft and the bearing gland shall be
consistent. Also gap between the inner and outer gland shall be consistent.

5.Installation of gear wheel

When install gear wheel and shell, there shall not be clearance between girth gear flange surface and shell flange (if there is
mill with oil-return tank at the gear wheel side, the connect opening of oil-return tank shall be welded during installation for
fear of oil leaking).

When install gear wheel and shell, the pinion force on gear wheel shall be kept vertically. The faces of pinion and gear wheel
shall be in parallel and connected well, the gear backlash shall comply with the requirements.

6.Installation of transmission device

Install the transmission device after level adjustment of rotating part is made. First, check the assembly quality of transmission
device, especially the concentricity of pinion shaft and lower speed shaft of gear reducer, the concentricity of higher speed
shaft of gear reducer and motor shaft, and make some adjustment and fastening.

The installation and adjustment of transmission device shall be based on the gear wheel in the rotating part, making sure that
the gear width of pinion is same to the two sides of gear wheel surface, the gear surfaces of pinion and gear wheel is parallel.
The minimum gear backlash shall be 0.5mm. The lead wire can be pressed on the gear meshing part, check whether the
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

thickness is same to contrastive thickness. Seen from the connecting trace between pinion and gear wheel, the length of
connecting trace shall account for 60%, the height shall be 40%.

If connecting trace deviate from the side of gear surface width, it means the gear surface is not parallel. After one week’s
operation, the gear wheel locks up, it suggested that the gear backlash is too small, so it is needed to enlarge the backlash.

7.Installation of liner
(1) Clean up the shell before installing the liners
(2) Check and trim the liners before installing liners. The back and round of liners shall be smooth and flat. Clean up the sand
and casting flash in the bolt opening to make the bolt fit in properly. Make proper trimming to back and around part of liner for
complying with the installation requirement.
(3) Fill cement mortar into the connecting surface between liners and shell (water ratio to cement 1:2), fasten the bolts before
the cement mortar solidified; all the gaps between liners shall be fully filled with cement mortar.
(4) Fix liner bolts; check carefully the sealing gasket to prevent the ore slurry leak out.
(5) Pay attention to the liners with designated direction, opposite direction is not allowed. For the long mill, there is usually
partition plate, which takes the shell apart to two chambers. The first chamber is at the feeding end, it is stage liners. When
installation, the direction of thinner part in stage liners shall be same to that of mill rotation direction; the grate hole in the
partition plate is conical, the large part of conical opening shall be same to the discharging direction.
(6) When install the partition plate, fit all the bolts and fasten them gradually in three times. Meanwhile, fasten the connecting
bolts in the central disk of shell and shell bolts. After fastening all the bolts, weld the nuts of bolts in the central disk by spot
welding, for fear that bolts become loose.
(7) Shell liners should not have annular gap.
(8) After the solidity of cement mortar reaches the strength requirement, it can be fed with materials for test run. If bolts loosen
during operation, they shall be fastened timely.

8.Installation of gear cover

After gear cover is installed, there should not be oil leaking and gear interference. All sealing gaskets shall be installed tightly;
clean up the cover strictly.

试运转 Test Run

1、磨机安装完毕并经过检查合格后，方可进行试运转。
（1）设备内部无遗留杂物，设备周围无妨碍运转的物体，操作人员均在安全区。
（2）检查所有的地脚螺栓均已拧紧。
（3）冷却、润滑系统均应符合要求，油面达到规定要求，齿轮罩内的润滑油面应淹没一个全齿高。油太多会引起
漏油和浪费，油浸不到大齿轮的一个牙，则会润滑不良。
（4）各密封部位密封良好，无漏浆、漏油、漏水之处。
（5）所有仪表、照明、信号装置均应完整良好。
（6）电动机及系统控制均完整，并使用良好。
（7）料仓内物料有足够的储备量。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

2、磨机试运行的步骤
磨机的试运转应由熟练的磨机操作工负责进行，并严格遵守磨机安全操作规程。
（1）磨机连续空运转 24 小时（不加研磨介质）
，运转中发现问题应及时解决。
（2）空运转试机正常后，进行负荷试运转。负荷试运转应分阶段进行。负荷运转中应视排料情况进行喂料，避免
研磨介质和筒体衬板不必要的磨失和损坏。
①加入 1/3 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 12 小时。
②加入至 2/3 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 48 小时。
③加入至 5/6 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 72 小时。
④全载并喂料，试运转 72 小时。

※注 意：上述负荷量的增加和试运转时间的长短，以大、小齿轮和减速机齿轮的跑合情况（温升、噪音、齿面接触
等） 为依据进行确定。在齿面接触精度没有达到设计要求前，不得满负荷运转。

3、磨机试运行的检测
（1）检查磨机运转是否平稳，主轴承润滑脂温升不得超过 55℃，并密切注意各润滑点的供油情况和水冷却系统工
作是否正常。电动机负荷，减速机及大、小齿轮响声有无异常现象。
（2）传动（小齿轮）轴承和减速机的各部轴承温升最高不得超过 60℃。
（3）检查各部连接螺栓及地脚螺栓是否松动、折断或脱落。如发现上述情况应及时拧紧或补充。

※注 意：从空运转至负荷试机应循序渐进，使主轴承、大小齿轮、减速机、电动机逐步磨合进入最佳状态。严禁开
车就满负荷运转，造成不应有的损坏。

1.Do test run after correct installation and strict detection.

(1) Keep the left foreign materials away from the mill. Make sure there is nothing obstructing the mill operation, and operators
are in the safety working area.
(2) Check all the bolts are fastened well.
(3) The cooling and lubricating system shall comply with requirements. The oil level shall reach requirement. Lubrication
grease shall submerge the whole depth of gear. Too much grease will cause leaking . If the grease cannot reach the tooth of
gear wheel, it will be short of lubrication. cannot reach the tooth of gear wheel, it will be short of lubrication.
(4) All the sealing part shall be well sealed, no slurry leak, grease leak and water leak.
(5) All the instruments, lighting and signal device shall be well equipped.
(6) The motor and system controlling shall be well equipped and used.
(7) There are enough storage materials

2.Steps of test run

The test run shall be made by skilled operators and strictly comply with safety operation regulation.
(1) The mill shall make 24 hours test run (without grinding medium). If any trouble occurs, it should be settled timely.
(2) If the test run is normal, it shall go on load run. It is made by phrases. Feed the materials as per discharging condition,
avoid the unnecessary wear and abrasion of the grinding medium and shell liners.
①Add 1/3 grinding medium and feed materials, for 12 hours test run.
②Add 2/3 grinding medium and feed materials, for 48 hours test run.
③Add 5/6 grinding medium and feed materials, for 72 hours test run.
④Full load and feed materials for 72 hours test run.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

Notice: The load increase and time for test run shall be fixed according to the run-in condition of gear wheel, pinion and gear
reducer, such as temperature increasing, noise, gear surface connecting. Full load run shall not be made if the accuracy of gear
surface connecting does not comply with design requirement.

3.Ball mill test run detection

(1) Check whether the mill rotates smoothly. The temperature rise of lubrication grease in the main bearing shall not exceed
55℃. Pay close attention to the grease supply, water cooling system. Make sure the motor load, gear reducer, gear wheel and
pinion operate normally.
(2) Each bearing temperature rise on driving pinion and gear reducer shall not exceed 60℃.
(3) Check whether the connecting bolts and anchor bolts loosen, break or fall off. If yes, fasten or add bolts timely.

※Notice: From zero-load to load test run, this shall go on gradually, to make the main bearing, gear wheel, pinion, gear
reducer and motor operating best state. It is forbidden to operate the mill with full load when start the mill to prevent mill
break.

操作、维护和检修 Operation, Maintenance and Overhaul

磨机经过试运转完全合格后，才能正式投入生产。为了保证磨机能长期安全运转，应该特别注意对磨机进行正确
的操作、日常的维护及定期的检查。

1、启动前的准备
（1）检查危险地点内是否有人。
（2）检查各润滑点的润滑油位是否适当，不足时添加。
（3）检查磨机内研磨介质填充率是否符合要求。
（4）检查磨体衬板螺栓、磨头与筒体连接螺栓等处是否有松动现象，并可靠拧紧。
（5）将人孔盖可靠严密地固定。
（6）检查筒体螺栓孔和人孔等处是否有漏水（或漏粉）现象，并排除之。
（7）第一次试运转或长期停磨后，再次起动时应首先向两端主轴承添加润滑油，并用人工（或慢传装置）盘车一
周，或“点动”旋转一周，确认无异常现象。
（8）和前后有关工作岗位取得联系，得到允许启动的信号后才能启动磨机。

2、启动顺序
磨机及附属设备的启动顺序如下（系统没有的则进入下一步）
：
（1）磨机的润滑（主轴承和传动轴承）与冷却系统（减速机）
（2）分级设备和出料输送设备
（3）磨机主电动机
（4）喂料系统

3、停 磨
磨机运转中发生下列异常情况下，应与有关岗位联系按规定顺序停车，排除故障:
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

（1）大、小齿轮有异常噪音时；
（2）主轴承润滑、冷却系统发生故障，温升超过 55℃，并继续上升时；
（3）各处的连接螺栓有发生松动、折断或脱落时；
（4）磨机内部机件破裂而脱落时；
（5）隔仓板、出料篦子板堵塞而影响生产时；
（6）减速机发生异常振动及噪声，轴承温升超过 60℃或油温超过 85℃时；
（7）电动机滚动轴承温升超过 70℃时；滑动轴承出油温度超过 65℃时。

4、停车顺序
（1）喂料系统;
（2）磨机主电动机；
（3）分级设备和出料输送设备；
（4）磨机的润滑（主轴承和传动轴承）与冷却系统（减速机）。冬季停磨时，应将减速机的冷却水放净，以免冻
裂设备；

长期停磨时，应将研磨介质全部卸出，以防止磨体变形。

5、生产过程中操作的注意事项
（1）均匀喂料是保证磨机最高产量和稳定质量（细度）的重要操作内容。在生产中应根据产品细度检查结果及时
的调整喂料量。在入磨物料的粒度大小、含水量、易磨程度基本稳定的情况下，产品细度变粗，一般表示喂料量过大；
产品细度变细，则表示喂料量较少。依据这个原则及时的调整喂料量。
（2）及时合理地添加研磨介质，充分发挥磨机的生产能力。研磨介质磨损后不及时添加，将会使磨机粉磨能力下
降、产量降低或出料粒度变粗。

6、维 护
磨机的日常维护是保证设备性能良好，长期安全运转的重要措施。由专门人员轮班检查维护，具体条例可由生产
厂家根据设备情况自行制订，但应注意下列各项规定：
（1）新安装或新更换的齿轮等摩擦部件运转一个月后，应将润滑油全部放出，清洗油池，更换新油。
（2）新安装或检修后，各处连接螺栓应定期检查并重新拧紧。
（3）检查各润滑点的油量是否充足，温度是否正常。冷却系统是否畅通无阻。
（4）检查主附机的仪表、信号、照明设备及控制系统是否完整。
（5）检查各密封部位是否有渗漏现象。
（6）检查主附机是否有异常的振动、噪音及温升过高。
（7）如发生异常情况及故障时，应及时排除。

7、检 修
（1）经常检查地脚螺栓、衬板螺栓、磨门螺栓等重要螺栓是否松动。
（2）各润滑点的润滑情况至少每四个小时检查一次。传动轴承、减速机和主轴承的温度不允许超过标定温度。
（3）检查各密封有无漏浆、漏油、漏水等情况，如有问题应及时处理。
（4）经常记录（每小时）电动机电流值的变化，如发现电流值有异常变化应进行检查并排除故障。
（5）大、小齿轮连续运转的声响是否正常。
（6）除上述经常性的检查外，各生产厂家可根据设备零部件的磨损情况，使用寿命，决定检修计划。定期进行检
修，并保证检修质量。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

8、故障判断
轴承发热，检查是否缺油。如果不缺油，检查各部分的同心度，分别检查回转部分和传动装置。大轴承座与中空
轴不同心，造成中空轴与轴承压盖摩擦生热。传动小齿轮轴与轴承座不同心，造成传动轴与轴承压盖摩擦生热。减速
机与小齿轮轴不同心、减速机与电机不同心，都会造成轴承超负荷运转而发热。当中空轴与大轴承座不同心严重时，
会造成起动困难、运转时费动力、电机发热等现象。所以安装时保证各部分的同心度非常重要。

After normal test run, the mill can be put into production. For the long-term safe run, safety operation, daily maintenance and
regular check are required.

1.Preparation before start

(1) Make sure there is no person in dangerous area.
(2) Check the lubricating grease in the lubrication parts, add grease if it is short.
(3) Check whether the filling rate of grinding medium meets requirement.
(4) Check whether the liner bolts, connecting bolts between mill head and shell are loose, if yes, fasten them.
(5) Fix the manhole tightly.
(6) Check whether shell bolts hole and manhole leak water or powder or not, if yes, settle them.
(7) After first test run or long-term mill stop, when start the mill again, first add lubrication grease to both ends of main
bearings, turn the mill manually or by slow transmission device for one week, or turn the mill by “point rotation”, to make sure
there is no abnormal phenomenon.
(8) Contact the persons who have related job, and start the mill after receiving start signal.

2.Start sequence
Start mill and accessory parts as the following step (if the mill has no similar parts, move in the next step):
(1) Lubricating parts (main bearing and transmission bearing) and cooling system (gear reducer)
(2) Classifying equipment, conveying equipment for discharged materials
(3) Main motor of mill
(4) Feeding system

3.Stop the ball mill

The following condition happens, stop the mill to settle troubles in sequence:
(1) There is abnormal noise in gear wheel and pinion;
(2) Trouble occurs at lubricating and cooling system of main bearing, temperature rise exceeds 55℃ and further rises.
(3) The connecting bolts loosen, break or fall off;
(4) Components in the mill break or fall off;
(5) Blockage occurs in partition plate and discharging grate and effects the production;
(6) Abnormal vibration and noise occur in gear reducer, bearing temperature exceeds 60℃ or grease temperature exceeds
85℃;
(7) Roller bearing temperature exceeds 70℃; bearing oil temperature exceeds 65℃.

4.Stop sequence
(1) Feeding system;
(2) Main motor of the mill;
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(3) Classifying equipment, conveying equipment for discharged materials;

(4) Lubricating parts (main bearing and transmission bearing) and cooling system (gear reducer). In winter, if the mill stops
working, discharge the cooling water in gear reducer for fear of crack in winter.

If the mill will be no operation in a long time, the grinding medium shall be totally discharged for fear that the mill body
becomes deformed.

5.Important notice for productive process

(1) Even feeding is the key factor to assure highest production and stable quality (fineness). During production, adjust the
feeding quantity according to the examination result on product fineness. Under the condition of stable feeding size, water
content and abrasive strength, too much feeding quantity will cause coarser fineness, and too little will cause finer fineness.
According to this principle, adjust feeding quantity.
(2) Add grinding medium timely so to develop the mill’s productive capacity. If not, the mill will have lower grinding capacity,
lower production or coarser output particle.

6.Maintenance
Daily maintenance can assure the good performance and long-time safety operation. Special persons can be arranged for
examination and maintenance, specific regulations can be made in factory, but the following shall be noted:
(1) After the friction parts operate one month, such as newly fitted or changed gear, the lubricating grease shall be discharged
totally, clean up the oil tank and put into new grease.
(2) All the connecting bolts shall be examined regularly and fastened after newly fitted or overhauled.
(3) Check whether the lubricating parts have enough grease, normal temperature and straightway cooling system.
(4) All the instruments, lighting and signal device shall be well equipped.
(5) All the sealing part shall be well sealed to assure no leakage.
(6) Check whether the main and auxiliary equipments have abnormal vibrating, noise and higher temperature rise.
(7) If there is abnormal condition and troubles, settle them timely.

7.Overhaul
(1) Check whether the key bolts loosen or not, such as anchor bolts, liner bolts and grinding door bolts.
(2) Check the lubricating condition at lubrication parts every four hours at least. The temperature of driving bearing, gear
reducer and main bearing shall not exceed calibration temperature.
(3) Check whether the sealing parts are well sealed, no slurry leak, grease leak and water leak. If notwell sealed, please settle
them.
(4) Regularly note the change of electric current value, if it is abnormal, check and settle troubles.
(5) Check whether the continuous operation of gear wheel and pinion have normal sound.
(6) Except the above regular check, the manufacturing factory can make the maintenance plan according to the abrasive
condition of components and working life. Make regular maintenance and assure the maintenance quality.

8.Breakdown predication
If bearing heating, check whether short of grease. If not, check the concentricity of each parts, check rotating part and
transmission device. If the main bearing chassis is not concentric with hollow shaft, the hollow shaft will generate heat by
friction with bearing gland cover. if the driving pinion shaft is not concentric with bearing chassis,the driving shaft will
generate heat by friction with bearing gland cover. If the gear reducer is not concentric with pinion shaft, gear reducer is not
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concentric with motor, this will cause bearing operate with over loading and generate heat. If hollow shaft is not concentric
with big bearing chassis, it will make difficult to star, waste power in operation and motor heating. So when installation, the
concentricity of each part is very important.

润滑油品种及用量 Sorts and Dosage of Lubrication Grease

润滑部位 油脂型号 用 量 换油周期 备 注

Lubricating Grease type Quantity Grease change Remarks
Parts period
主 轴 承 3#通用锂基润滑脂 ≤2/3 轴承内腔 2000 小时 每周注油一次
Main bearing （牌号：ZL-3） ≤ 2/3 bearing 2000 hours Fill grease every week
小齿轮轴承 3# general lithium inside cavity
Pinion bearing base grease(ZL-3)
电动机轴承
Motor bearing
传动齿轮 厚质齿轮油或重负 油面高度以淹没 3 个月 在运转中大齿轮能沾
Driving gear 荷工业齿轮油。 大齿轮一个牙高 3 months 注油即可，油面过高
冬季：460# 为上限。 会发生严重漏油现象。
夏季：680# The height of If the gear wheel can
Thickness gear grease greaselevel is touch grease, it is
or heavy-load limited to one ok. Much higher
industrial gear grease gear tooth height. grease level can
In winter: 460# bring grease leakage.
In summer: 680#
主传减速机 中负荷工业闭式齿 根据油尺沾油情 3 个月 主传减速机（ZD60 以上型号，含
Main driving 轮油（环境温度 0℃ 况进行添加（常 3 months ZD60）后下方设有两根管子，
gear reducer ～40℃时，选用牌 规应在上线位 它们的作用是：加入冷却水进行冷
号：L-CKC100～ 置）
。 却，一个进水，另一个出水，均不
慢传减速机 。
CKC220） Add grease 6 个月 需要压力或微压。
Slow driving Middle-load according to the 6 months Main driving gear reducer(with or
gear reducer industrial closed condition of the above ZD60 model), there are two
gear grease(if grease in dipstick. pipes at the backward bottom, the
ambient temper function is: cool it by adding cooling
ature is 0℃～40℃, water, one is inflow, another is
use L-CKC100～ outflow, both don’t need pres-sure
CKC220 grease ). or micro pressure.
警 示：传动齿轮、减速机等润滑部位在第一次装入润滑油使用一月后，应将油全部放出，并清洗干净，
再加入清洁的润滑油。
Warning: After the lubricating parts operate for one month with lubrication grease, such as driving gear, gear
reducer, the lubricating grease shall be discharged totally, clean up the oil tank and put into new lubrication
grease.
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

湿式球磨机的结构图 Structure of Wet Ball Mill

图一：湿式球磨机（右旋，不含慢传装置）
Figure 1: wet ball mill (dextrorotary, without slow transmission device)

图二：湿式球磨机（左旋，不含慢传装置）
Figure2: wet ball mill (levorotary, without slow transmission device)
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图三：湿式球磨机（右旋，含慢传装置）
Figure 3: wet ball mill (dextrorotary, with slow transmission device)

图四：湿式球磨机（左旋，含慢传装置）
Figure 4: wet ball mill (levorotary, with slow transmission device)

注：图三、四为φ2700mm 以下磨机慢传装置结构图
Note: Figure 3 and 4 is the structural drawing of slow transmission device in the mill with diameter below Ф2700.
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

图五：湿式球磨机（右旋，含慢传装置）
Figure 5: wet ball mill (dextrorotary, with slow transmission device)

图六：湿式球磨机（左旋，含慢传装置）
Figure 6: wet ball mill (levorotary, with slow transmission device)

注：图五、六为φ2700mm 以上磨机慢传装置结构图
Note: Figure 5 and 6 is the structural drawing of slow transmission device in the mill above Ф2700.
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

干式球磨机:25-45Dry Ball Mill: 25-45

目录（下册）Contents(Volume 2)

一、工作原理及结构概述
Overview of Work Principle and Structure……………………………………………17

二、磨机的安装
Installation of Ball Mill……………………………………… ……………………20

三、试运转
Text run ………………………………………………………………………………23

四、操作、维护和检修
Operation, Maintenance and Overhaul …………………… ………………………25

五、润滑油品种及用量
Sorts and Dosage of Lubrication Grease……………………………………………29

六、干式球磨机的结构图
Structure of Dry Ball Mill…………………………………………………………30
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工作原理及结构概述 Overview of Work Principle and Structure

本系列磨机常规均为边缘传动形式，磨内一般分成单仓、双仓或者三仓结构。

物料由进料斗通过中空轴螺旋筒进入磨内，经过粗粉磨后进入粉磨仓，终粉磨后的物料由中空轴内的螺旋筒经出
料罩卸出。当用于闭路粉磨时，不合格的物料由选粉机选出并回到进料端形成循环作业。

磨机筒体内装有研磨介质，当筒体回转时，研磨介质由于惯性离心力的作用，贴附在磨机筒体内壁衬板面上，与
筒体一起回转被带到一定高度后，借助于重力作用自由落下，将筒体内的物料击碎。

研磨介质在回转的筒体内除有上升、下落的循环运动外，还会产生滑动和滚动，致使研磨介质、衬板和物料之间
发生研磨作用，将物料磨细。

在磨机筒体中，当研磨介质装填的数量很多时，分布在靠近筒体横截面中心部分的研磨介质，不足以形成抛落运
动，从而产生较多的滚动和滑动，致使物料受到研磨作用而磨细。所以在细磨粒径较大或较硬物料时，研磨介质平均
尺寸要大些，装填数量可少些。从而保证研磨介质具有足够的抛落高度，加强冲击破碎作用。反之，在细磨粒径较小
或较易磨的物料时，研磨介质平均尺寸可以小些，但装填数量应多些。这样会加强研磨磨碎作用。由此可见，研磨介
质的装填量、尺寸大小、级配情况都会直接影响到磨机粉磨的效果。

磨机筒体的回转速度对物料粉磨的作用影响很大。当筒体的转速适中时，研磨介质的运动呈“抛落运动状态”，
粉磨的效果最好。所以磨机的转速都是按照这个速度范围设计和制造的。

This series ball mill normally adopts edge transmission. The inner part is commonly divided into single chamber, double
chamber or triple chamber.

Materials go into the mill through feed hopper and the spiral shell in the hollow shaft. After coarse grinding, materials go into
the powder grinding chamber and are ground into fine powder, and then are discharged through the spiral shell in the hollow
shaft. If it is closed-circuit grinding, the disqualification materials go back to the feeding side and form cycle operation, after
being separated by the powder separator.

Grinding medium is loaded inside the mill. When the shell rotates, grinding medium attaches to the inner liner in the force of
centrifugal inertial force and then is taken to a certain height together with the shell, finally falls in the force of gravity, in this
way the materials are crushed.

In addition to the rising-and-falling circulatory movement, grinding medium also can slide and roll. So that the grinding
medium, liner and materials grind with each other and finally materials are grinded into fine powder.

When filled plenty of grinding mediums in the mill shell, the mediums near the shell cross section could not give rise to throw
and fall movement, but generate much rolling and gliding which will grind materials to fine. Therefore, the shell need bigger
but less mediums while grind hard and big materials. This will ensure enough height for the mediums to fall down and
reinforce the crushing effect. On the contrary, the shell need smaller but more mediums while grinding small and not so hard
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materials. This will reinforce the grinding effect. It shows that the grinding effect depends on quantity, size, and grade of
mediums.

The shell rotation speed also influences the grinding effect greatly. When it is appropriate, the grinding medium move in the
throwing-and-falling way, and the grinding effect is the best. Hence, the rotation speed is all designed according to this speed
range.

磨机的主要结构由以下几个部分组成：

1、进料装置
进料装置主要是一个进料斗。上法兰与喂料装置相联，料斗不设衬板，进入的物料自然堆积,形成一定坡度的料衬，
以防止物料直接磨损料斗，料斗的前端是圆柱管，伸入装在中空轴上的螺旋筒里，物料经此进入磨内。

2、回转部分
回转部分是一个由钢板焊接的筒体，两端分别用螺栓与进、出料中空轴相连，并通过水平的轴承支承着，在进、
出料中空轴内装有进出料螺旋筒。回转部是通过固定在筒体出料端的大齿轮与由电动机经减速机减速的小齿轮相啮合
使其回转的。并借助筒体内的衬板将物料和研磨介质带起而进行粉磨作业的。

筒体内部根据需要可设置隔仓板，将筒体分为双仓或者三仓，隔仓板的位置可以根据生产需要进行调整，每个
粉磨仓可装入不同大小的研磨介质，在出料尾端设有出料篦子板，其目的是防止研磨介质出磨。

在出料篦子板后设有扬料板，它把进入的物料及时的送入中空轴内的出料螺旋筒中，以便及时卸出。

筒体内部设有衬板，它既可以保护筒体不受磨损又起到把研磨介质带到适宜的高度，以达到最佳粉磨的目的。

若有隔仓板的磨机，在粉磨过程中因一仓的物料颗粒较大，应以冲击粉磨为主，故选用阶梯衬板；在细磨仓应以
研磨为主，均采用波纹衬板。

衬板均用螺栓与筒体固定，易于安装和更换。
为修理或更换磨内零件和装卸研磨介质，每个仓均设置了人孔，三仓配备了双人孔。

3、出料装置
出料装置是用钢板焊接而成的构件，上面留有不同直径（根据磨机型号而定）的出气管法兰（出气管及除尘设备
由客户现场自行配备），其下面或侧面留有与输送设备相连的方法兰，出料装置内装有随磨机一起回转的筛子，筛出
的渣子等由出料罩后面的出渣口排出。

4、主 轴 承
磨机全部回转部分的重量（包括研磨介质和物料）皆由一对结构相同的主轴承支承，当磨机运转时轴承可以自
动调心，以适应制造和安装时的误差。

根据生产工艺的要求，当进磨物料温度过高时，在轴承座下部可设置冷却水腔，用循环水进行冷却。它既可以冷
却润滑脂同时又可以冷却轴承（根据工艺及订货要求添加，无要求时均不配冷却水腔）
。
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5、传动装置
磨机的动力是通过一对大小齿轮传动的，大齿轮通过筒体上的法兰与筒体相连，小齿轮由一对滚动轴承支承并通
过联轴器与减速机、电动机相连接。磨机传动装置的布置以及所有带方向性的零部件结构是不许随意变动的。

*6、润滑装置（使用单位自配）
两个主轴承均采用滚动轴承。润滑方式：干油脂润滑，有手动或自动形式之分，使用单位根据自行情况进行选配。

*7、慢传装置
为保证磨机的检修和装载研磨体等需要，本磨机配备了慢传装置，它由制动电动机、减速机及牙嵌离合器构成。
当需要时，将牙嵌离合器合并，就可使用。当要开主电动机时，切记要将牙嵌离合器脱开，此处应与主电动机电气联
锁。即离合器处的行程开关，应串入主电动机的主控制回路中。

说 明：
①“*6”处为自行,配置项目，使用单位根据自行情况配备。
②“*7”处为选配项目，可根据要求增加该装置。若订货时对该装置无要求，生产制造厂家均不配置（一般情
况下，Φ2700mm 以上磨机才配该装置。同时，Φ2700mm 磨机在无要求时均不配置）
。

Main structure of the ball mill:

1.Feeding device
The inlet device is mainly a feed hopper. The upper flange connects with the feeding device. The hopper is without lining.
Materials accumulate naturally and form a material lining with a certain slop to avoid the direct abrasion to the hopper. In the
front of the hopper, a parallel tube is installed inside the spiral shell of the hollow shaft. Materials go into the mill trough the
shell.

2.Rotating part
The rotating part is a steel welded shell, ends of which is respectively connected with the feeding and discharging hollow shaft
by bolts and supported by a horizontal bearing. In the feeding and discharging hollow shaft, a feeding and discharging spiral
shell is equipped there. The rotation is realized by the mesh of the gear (fixed on the discharging end) and the pinion
(decelerated by reduction box). Drawing support from the liner, the materials and mediums are elevated and grinded.

If necessary, the partition plate can be installed inside the shell to divide it into double chamber or triple chamber. Position of
the partition plate is adjustable. Every grinding chamber can load grinding medium in different size. The discharge grate plate
is installed in the discharge end, to avoid the grinding medium going out of the mill.

A lifting board is equipped at the back of the discharge grate board. The lifting boards timely send materials to the discharge
spiral in the hollow shaft and then discharge them.

The liners in the shell not only protect the shell from being damaged, but also lift materials to an appropriate height to get a
best grinding effect.

Mills with partition plate have bigger materials in the first chamber, so it is better to adopt impact grinding and use stage liners.
The fine milling chamber shall adopt grinding and use ripple liners
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The liners are fixed to the shell by bolts, easily install and replace.

For the convenient of maintenance, replacement of parts and the loading and unloading of grinding medium, every chamber
has manhole. The triple chambers mill has two manholes.

3.Discharging device
Discharging device is welded by the steel plate. The outlet pipe flange (the users shall choose the out let pipe and the
de-dusting equipment separately according to their job site) with different diameters (depending on the Ball Mill Model) is on
the top; the flange connected with the delivery equipment is at the bottom or in the side. The sieve rotating with the mill is
installed inside the discharging device. The screened slag will be discharged through the slag hole behind the discharge cover.

4.Main bearing
The whole weight (including materials and grinding mediums) of rotating part is supported by a pair of main bearings with
same structure. When the mill is working, the bearing can align automatically so as to adapt to the errors caused during
manufacture and install.

5.Transmission device
The motive power of the mill is realized by transmission of the gear wheel and the pinion. The gear wheel is connected to the
shell by a flange; the pinion, supported by a pair of rolling bearings, is connected to the gear reducer and the motor by the
coupling. The arrangement of the transmission device and all directional parts are not allowed to be changed

*6.Lubrication device (equipped by end user)

Both main bearings are employed rolling bearings. Lubrication method: dry grease lubrication; the users can choose manual
lubrication or automatic lubrication according to the actual situation.

*7.Slow transmission device

This ball mill is equipped with slow transmission device in order to meet the need of maintenance and grinding mediums
loading. The slow transmission device is composed by brake motor, reduction motor and claw clutch. Combine the claw
clutches, and then the slow transmission device is started. Do cut off the claw clutches before start the main motor. The
position switch of the clutch should be connected into the main control loop.

Notice:
①“*6” is a self-equip item. End users may equip it in accordance with actual situation.
②“*7” is an optional equip item. Users may add it in accordance with actual requirement. Manufacturers do not provide it
unless buyers have special request. (Generally, manufacturers do not provide it unless the mill diameter is bigger than
Φ2700mm. Actually, Φ2700mm is not equipped with *7 if there is no special requirement.)
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磨机的安装 Installation of Ball Mill

磨机应安装在牢固的混凝土基础上。磨机的基础设计和施工参看总装图和基础图。为了保证使用过程中磨机各部
件的位置精度不发生大的变化，磨机的基础应采用整块式结构。

混凝土基础耐压强度达到 75%以上后即可在上面安装磨机。在安装之前应对基础的质量进行检验，要求混凝土没
有影响强度的缺陷，预留孔的数量和位置符合要求，预留孔内无杂物、积水和油污。

采用“地线法”进行安装作业时，在基础表面上应预埋“中心标板”。安装前在基础上画出所有中心线，并在“中
心标板”上做出醒目的冲点标记，作为安装时的中线基准。

The mill should be installed in the solid concrete foundation. Design and construct mill foundation as per the general
installation drawing and foundation drawing. The mill foundation should adopt mono block structure to avoid translocation.

Install the mill when the compressive strength of the concrete foundation comes to 75%. Before installation, inspect the
foundation to make sure the concrete has no defect that will affect the strength; check the preformed holes, make sure the
quantity and the place are right; clear up the sundries, water and the greasy dirt in the preformed hole.

While installing with geodesic line method, embed a “center object board” on the surface of the foundation. Draw up all center
lines before installation and make an obvious mark on the center object board as the center line standard.

磨机安装除按图纸的要求外，还应按如下要求进行：Some other notice except the drawing:

1、安装注意事项
（1）安装前，应对主要零件进行质量检验，如有损伤和变形等缺陷，要事先进行修复。
（2）安装时，要十分重视对零件的清洗，特别是各配合面等。
（3）凡是带有方向性的零件，如：衬板及进、出料螺旋筒等均需按图纸中的要求安装，不得装反。

2、基础划线的质量要求
（1）两主轴承底板的中心线距离，一般应符合设计要求。
（2）两主轴承底座的纵向中心线应平行，其平行度误差不得大于 0.5 毫米。
（3）标高的允许误差为±5 毫米（一次混凝土表面）。

3、灌浆
（1）灌浆前应使设备底面保持清洁，油污和泥土等杂物应清除。
（2）灌浆层应紧密粘贴在基础上，灌浆前应清除地脚螺栓孔中的垃圾，需灌浆的表面应凿成麻面，被油污的混凝
土应凿去，并用水清洗干净，凹孔内不得积水。
（3）灌浆一般宜采用细碎石子混凝土（或水泥砂浆）其标号至少应比基础的混凝土标号高一级。灌浆时，应捣固
密实，捣固时不得撞动设备、垫铁和地脚螺栓等，以免影响设备的安装精度。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

（4）当灌浆层的耐压强度达到设计强度四分之三之后，才能拧紧地脚螺栓。

4、回转部分的安装
磨机回转部分的轴线应呈水平，在两端的中空轴大法兰上顶处测量，高度应一致，有误差时允许进料端高于出料
端 1mm。 在两端中空轴的轴承座压盖处看，中空轴与轴承压盖周围的缝隙应基本一致，并且内外压盖处都应使缝隙
基本一致。

5、大齿轮的安装
大齿轮与筒体安装时，齿圈法兰面与筒体法兰面之间不得有间隙(大齿轮侧面如有回油槽的磨机，回油槽的接口在
安装时应焊好，防止漏油)。
大、小齿轮安装时，必须保证小齿轮对大齿轮的作用力垂直向上。大、小齿轮的齿面应平行接触良好，齿侧间
隙符合要求。

6、传动装置的安装
在回转部分调整好水平以后，方可进行传动装置的安装。首先检查传动装置组装的质量情况，主要是检查小齿轮
轴与减速机低速轴的同心情况、检查减速机高速轴与电机轴的同心情况，并进行必要的调整和紧固。

以回转部分大齿轮为基准，安装和调整传动装置。使小齿轮的齿宽与大齿轮的齿面两边宽度均匀一致。使小齿轮
的齿面与大齿轮的齿面平行，齿侧间隙按最小处留 0.5mm。可在齿轮啮合处压铅丝，观看铅丝厚度和对比厚度是否一
致。从大、小齿轮的接触痕迹看，接触痕迹应占全长的 60%以上，接触痕迹的高度占到全高的 40%左右。

如果接触痕迹偏向齿面宽度的一端，即表明齿面不平行。如果传动大齿轮一周有挤死的情况，说明齿轮间隙太小，
应使小齿轮离开大齿轮一点。

7、衬板的安装
（1）安装衬板前应将筒体内的尘垢清除干净。
（2）安装衬板前应先对衬板进行检查和修整，其背面和四周应光滑平整，螺栓孔应彻底清砂和清除铸造飞边，使
螺栓能顺利穿入。其背面和四周应酌情用砂轮修整，达到安装要求。
（3）安装衬板时，应将其和筒体贴合面间填充水泥砂浆（水灰比例 1：2），在砂浆凝固前将螺栓拧紧，所有衬板
之间的间隙应用水泥砂浆填满。
（4）固定衬板螺栓，应仔细地垫好密封垫，以防止漏出矿浆。
（5）有方向性的衬板应注意方向不得装反。长磨机一般由隔仓板把磨筒隔成前后两仓。进料端为第一仓，第一仓
为阶梯衬板。安装时，阶梯衬板的薄端应与磨机工作时回转方向一致。隔仓板的篦子孔是锥形的，安装时应使锥口的
大端与磨机的排料方向一致。
（6）安装隔仓板时，应穿好全部螺栓，然后分三次逐步把螺栓拧紧。同时注意，应先紧筒体内中心圆盘上连接螺
栓，后紧筒体上的螺栓。螺栓全部拧紧以后，把筒体内中心圆盘上螺栓的螺帽用电焊“点焊”
，防止松动。
（7）筒体衬板不得形成环形间隙。
（8）水泥砂浆凝固达到强度要求后才可以投料试车。运转中发现螺栓松动应及时拧紧。

8、齿轮罩的安装
齿轮罩安装好后，不得有漏油和与齿轮相干涉现象。所有的密封圈一定要安装严密，罩内要严格清理干净。

1.Important notice of installation

(1)Before installation, check the quality of the main parts. If damaged or deformed, do repair first.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

(2)When install, attach importance to clear the parts, especially the fitting surface.
(3)Install all the directional parts (such as liner, feeding and discharging spiral shell) as per the drawing. No opposite
installation is allowed.

2.Quality requirements of foundation line

(1)Distance between center lines of the two main bearings baseboard should fit the design.
(2)The longitudinal center lines of two bearing foundation should be parallel. Error of depth of parallelism should be no bigger
than 0.5mm.
(3)Accepted error of elevation is ±5mm. (each concrete surface).

3.Grouting
(1)Before grouting, do keep the underside of the machine tidy, and clear the greasy dirt and grease away.
(2)Before grouting, get rid of the dirt in the anchor bolt; chisel the surface into pitted surface; chisel away the greasy concrete,
clean it with water and no water storm before grout. The grout blanket should be integrated with the foundation.
(3)Grouting basically adopts fine gravel concrete (or cement plaster) or at least one grade higher than the concrete grade. When
grouting, tamp densely, do not strike the machine, shim plate and anchor bolt in order not to affect the installation accuracy.
(4)Never screw up the anchor bolt until the compressive strength of grouting blanket reaches three fourths of design strength.

4.Installation of rotating part

The axes in the rotating part shall be in horizontal level. Measuring from the top of the hollow shaft flange, their height shall
be consistent. It allows little inaccuracy that the feeding end can be 1mm higher than the discharging end. Seeing from the
bearing seat gland of the hollow shaft on the two ends, the gap between the hollow shaft and the bearing gland shall be
consistent. Also gap between the inner and outer gland shall be consistent.

5.Installation of gear wheel

When install gear wheel and shell, there shall not be clearance between girth gear flange surface and shell flange (if there is
mill with oil-return tank at the gear wheel side, the connect opening of oil-return tank shall be welded during installation for
fear of oil leaking).

When install gear wheel and shell, the pinion force on gear wheel shall be kept vertically. The faces of pinion and gear wheel
shall be in parallel and connected well, the gear backlash shall comply with the requirements.

6.Installation of transmission device

Install the transmission device after level adjustment of rotating part is made. First, check the assembly quality of transmission
device, especially the concentricity of pinion shaft and lower speed shaft of gear reducer, the concentricity of higher speed
shaft of gear reducer and motor shaft, and make some adjustment and fastening.

The installation and adjustment of transmission device shall be based on the gear wheel in the rotating part, making sure that
the gear width of pinion is same to the two sides of gear wheel surface, the gear surfaces of pinion and gear wheel is parallel.
The minimum gear backlash shall be 0.5mm. The lead wire can be pressed on the gear meshing part, check whether the
thickness is same to contrastive thickness. Seen from the connecting trace between pinion and gear wheel, the length of
connecting trace shall account for 60%, the height shall be 40%.

If connecting trace deviate from the side of gear surface width, it means the gear surface is not parallel. After one week’s
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

operation, the gear wheel locks up, it suggested that the gear backlash is too small, so it is needed to enlarge the backlash.

7.Installation of liner
(1) Clean up the shell before installing the liners
(2) Check and trim the liners before installing liners. The back and round of liners shall be smooth and flat. Clean up the sand
and casting flash in the bolt opening to make the bolt fit in properly. Make proper trimming to back and around part of liner for
complying with the installation requirement.
(3) Fill cement mortar into the connecting surface between liners and shell (water ratio to cement 1:2), fasten the bolts before
the cement mortar solidified; all the gaps between liners shall be fully filled with cement mortar.
(4) Fix liner bolts; check carefully the sealing gasket to prevent the ore slurry leak out.
(5) Pay attention to the liners with designated direction, opposite direction is not allowed. For the long mill, there is usually
partition plate, which takes the shell apart to two chambers. The first chamber is at the feeding end, it is stage liners. When
installation, the direction of thinner part in stage liners shall be same to that of mill rotation direction; the grate hole in the
partition plate is conical, the large part of conical opening shall be same to the discharging direction.
(6) When install the partition plate, fit all the bolts and fasten them gradually in three times. Meanwhile, fasten the connecting
bolts in the central disk of shell and shell bolts. After fastening all the bolts, weld the nuts of bolts in the central disk by spot
welding, for fear that bolts become loose.
(7) Shell liners should not have annular gap.
(8) After the solidity of cement mortar reaches the strength requirement, it can be fed with materials for test run. If bolts loosen
during operation, they shall be fastened timely.

8.Installation of gear cover

After gear cover is installed, there should not be oil leaking and gear interference. All sealing gaskets shall be installed tightly;
clean up the cover strictly.

试运转 Test Run

1、磨机安装完毕并经过检查合格后，方可进行试运转。
（1）设备内部无遗留杂物，设备周围无妨碍运转的物体，操作人员均在安全区。
（2）检查所有的地脚螺栓均已拧紧。
（3）冷却、润滑系统均应符合要求，油面达到规定要求，齿轮罩内的润滑油面应淹没一个全齿高。油太多会引起
漏油和浪费，油浸不到大齿轮的一个牙，则会润滑不良。
（4）各密封部位密封良好，无漏浆、漏油、漏水之处。
（5）所有仪表、照明、信号装置均应完整良好。
（6）电动机及系统控制均完整，并使用良好。
（7）料仓内物料有足够的储备量。

1.Do test run after correct installation and strict detection.

(1) Keep the left foreign materials away from the mill. Make sure there is nothing obstructing the mill operation, and operators
are in the safety working area.
(2) Check all the bolts are fastened well.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

(3) The cooling and lubricating system shall comply with requirements. The oil level shall reach requirement. Lubrication
grease shall submerge the whole depth of gear. Too much grease will cause leaking . If the grease cannot reach the tooth of
gear wheel, it will be short of lubrication.
(4) All the sealing part shall be well sealed, no slurry leak, grease leak and water leak.
(5) All the instruments, lighting and signal device shall be well equipped.
(6) The motor and system controlling shall be well equipped and used.
(7) There are enough storage materials

2、磨机试运行的步骤
磨机的试运转应由熟练的磨机操作工负责进行，并严格遵守磨机安全操作规程。
（1）磨机连续空运转 24 小时（不加研磨介质），运转中发现问题应及时解决。
（2）空运转试机正常后，进行负荷试运转。负荷试运转应分阶段进行。负荷运转中应视排料情况进行喂料，避免
研磨介质和筒体衬板不必要的磨失和损坏。
①加入 1/3 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 12 小时。
②加入至 2/3 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 48 小时。
③加入至 5/6 的研磨介质并喂料，试运转 72 小时。
④全载并喂料，试运转 72 小时。

※注 意：上述负荷量的增加和试运转时间的长短，以大、小齿轮和减速机齿轮的跑合情况（温升、噪音、齿面接触
等） 为依据进行确定。在齿面接触精度没有达到设计要求前，不得满负荷运转。

2.Steps of test run

The test run shall be made by skilled operators and strictly comply with safety operation regulation.
(1) The mill shall make 24 hours test run (without grinding medium). If any trouble occurs, it should be settled timely.
(2) If the test run is normal, it shall go on load run. It is made by phrases. Feed the materials as per discharging condition,
avoid the unnecessary wear and abrasion of the grinding medium and shell liners.
①Add 1/3 grinding medium and feed materials, for 12 hours test run.
②Add 2/3 grinding medium and feed materials, for 48 hours test run.
③Add 5/6 grinding medium and feed materials, for 72 hours test run.
④Full load and feed materials for 72 hours test run.

※Notice: The load increase and time for test run shall be fixed according to the run-in condition of gear wheel, pinion and
gear reducer, such as temperature increasing, noise, gear surface connecting. Full load run shall not be made if the accuracy of
gear surface connecting does not comply with design requirement.

3、磨机试运行的检测
（1）检查磨机运转是否平稳，主轴承润滑脂温升不得超过 55℃，并密切注意各润滑点的供油情况和水冷却系统工
作是否正常。电动机负荷，减速机及大、小齿轮响声有无异常现象。
（2）传动（小齿轮）轴承和减速机的各部轴承温升最高不得超过 60℃。
（3）检查各部连接螺栓及地脚螺栓是否松动、折断或脱落。如发现上述情况应及时拧紧或补充。

※注 意：从空运转至负荷试机应循序渐进，使主轴承、大小齿轮、减速机、电动机逐步磨合进入最佳状态。严禁开
车就满负荷运转，造成不应有的损坏。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

3.Ball mill test run detection

(1) Check whether the mill rotates smoothly. The temperature rise of lubrication grease in the main bearing shall not exceed 55
℃. Pay close attention to the grease supply, water cooling system. Make sure the motor load, gear reducer, gear wheel and
pinion operate normally.
(2) Each bearing temperature rise on driving pinion and gear reducer shall not exceed 60℃.
(3) Check whether the connecting bolts and anchor bolts loosen, break or fall off. If yes, fasten or add bolts timely.

※ Notice: From zero-load to load test run, this shall go on gradually, to make the main bearing, gear wheel, pinion, gear
reducer and motor operating best state. It is forbidden to operate the mill with full load when start the mill to prevent mill
break.

操作、维护和检修 Operation, Maintenance and Overhaul

磨机经过试运转完全合格后，才能正式投入生产。为了保证磨机能长期安全运转，应该特别注意对磨机进行正确
的操作、日常的维护及定期的检查。

After normal test run, the mill can be put into production. For the long-term safe run, safety operation, daily maintenance and
regular check are required.

1、启动前的准备
（1）检查危险地点内是否有人。
（2）检查各润滑点的润滑油位是否适当，不足时添加。
（3）检查磨机内研磨介质填充率是否符合要求。
（4）检查磨体衬板螺栓、磨头与筒体连接螺栓等处是否有松动现象，并可靠拧紧。
（5）将人孔盖可靠严密地固定。
（6）检查筒体螺栓孔和人孔等处是否有漏水（或漏粉）现象，并排除之。
（7）第一次试运转或长期停磨后，再次起动时应首先向两端主轴承添加润滑油，并用人工（或慢传装置）盘车一
周，或“点动”旋转一周，确认无异常现象。
（8）和前后有关工作岗位取得联系，得到允许启动的信号后才能启动磨机。

1.Preparation before start

(1) Make sure there is no person in dangerous area.
(2) Check the lubricating grease in the lubrication parts, add grease if it is short.
(3) Check whether the filling rate of grinding medium meets requirement.
(4) Check whether the liner bolts, connecting bolts between mill head and shell are loose, if yes, fasten them.
(5) Fix the manhole tightly.
(6) Check whether shell bolts hole and manhole leak water or powder or not, if yes, settle them.
(7) After first test run or long-term mill stop, when start the mill again, first add lubrication grease to both ends of main
bearings, turn the mill manually or by slow transmission device for one week, or turn the mill by “point rotation”, to make sure
there is no abnormal phenomenon.
(8) Contact the persons who have related job, and start the mill after receiving start signal.
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

2、启动顺序
磨机及附属设备的启动顺序如下（系统没有的则进入下一步）
：
（1）磨机的润滑（主轴承和传动轴承）与冷却系统（减速机）
（2）分级设备和出料输送设备
（3）磨机主电动机
（4）喂料系统

2.Start sequence
Start mill and accessory parts as the following step (if the mill has no similar parts, move in the next step):
(1) Lubricating parts (main bearing and transmission bearing) and cooling system (gear reducer)
(2) Classifying equipment, conveying equipment for discharged materials
(3) Main motor of mill
(4) Feeding system

3、停 磨
磨机运转中发生下列异常情况下，应与有关岗位联系按规定顺序停车，排除故障:
（1）大、小齿轮有异常噪音时；
（2）主轴承润滑、冷却系统发生故障，温升超过 55℃，并继续上升时；
（3）各处的连接螺栓有发生松动、折断或脱落时；
（4）磨机内部机件破裂而脱落时；
（5）隔仓板、出料篦子板堵塞而影响生产时；
（6）减速机发生异常振动及噪声，轴承温升超过 60℃或油温超过 85℃时；
（7）电动机滚动轴承温升超过 70℃时；滑动轴承出油温度超过 65℃时。

3.Stop the ball mill

The following condition happens, stop the mill to settle troubles in sequence:
(1) There is abnormal noise in gear wheel and pinion;
(2) Trouble occurs at lubricating and cooling system of main bearing, temperature rise exceeds 55℃ and further rises.
(3) The connecting bolts loosen, break or fall off;
(4) Components in the mill break or fall off;
(5) Blockage occurs in partition plate and discharging grate and effects the production;
(6) Abnormal vibration and noise occur in gear reducer, bearing temperature exceeds 60℃ or grease temperature exceeds 85
℃;
(7) Roller bearing temperature exceeds 70℃; bearing oil temperature exceeds 65℃.

4、停车顺序
（1）喂料系统;
（2）磨机主电动机；
（3）分级设备和出料输送设备；
（4）磨机的润滑（主轴承和传动轴承）与冷却系统（减速机）。冬季停磨时，应将减速机的冷却水放净，以免冻裂
设备；
长期停磨时，应将研磨介质全部卸出，以防止磨体变形。
 河南富特重型机械有限公司
Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

4.Stop sequence
(1) Feeding system;
(2) Main motor of the mill;
(3) Classifying equipment, conveying equipment for discharged materials;
(4) Lubricating parts (main bearing and transmission bearing) and cooling system (gear reducer). In winter, if the mill stops
working, discharge the cooling water in gear reducer for fear of crack in winter.If the mill will be no operation in a long time,
the grinding medium shall be totally discharged for fear that the mill body becomes deformed.

5、生产过程中操作的注意事项
（1）均匀喂料是保证磨机最高产量和稳定质量（细度）的重要操作内容。在生产中应根据产品细度检查结果及时
的调整喂料量。在入磨物料的粒度大小、含水量、易磨程度基本稳定的情况下，产品细度变粗，一般表示喂料量过大；
产品细度变细，则表示喂料量较少。依据这个原则及时的调整喂料量。
（2）及时合理地添加研磨介质，充分发挥磨机的生产能力。研磨介质磨损后不及时添加，将会使磨机粉磨能力下
降、产量降低或出料粒度变粗。

5.Important notice for productive process

(1) Even feeding is the key factor to assure highest production and stable quality (fineness). During production, adjust the
feeding quantity according to the examination result on product fineness. Under the condition of stable feeding size, water
content and abrasive strength, too much feeding quantity will cause coarser fineness, and too little will cause finer fineness.
According to this principle, adjust feeding quantity.
(2) Add grinding medium timely so to develop the mill’s productive capacity. If not, the mill will have lower grinding capacity,
lower production or coarser output particle.

6、维 护
磨机的日常维护是保证设备性能良好，长期安全运转的重要措施。由专门人员轮班检查维护，具体条例可由生产
厂家根据设备情况自行制订，但应注意下列各项规定：
（1）新安装或新更换的齿轮等摩擦部件运转一个月后，应将润滑油全部放出，清洗油池，更换新油。
（2）新安装或检修后，各处连接螺栓应定期检查并重新拧紧。
（3）检查各润滑点的油量是否充足，温度是否正常。冷却系统是否畅通无阻。
（4）检查主附机的仪表、信号、照明设备及控制系统是否完整。
（5）检查各密封部位是否有渗漏现象。
（6）检查主附机是否有异常的振动、噪音及温升过高。
（7）如发生异常情况及故障时，应及时排除。

6.Maintenance
Daily maintenance can assure the good performance and long-time safety operation. Special persons can be arranged for
examination and maintenance, specific regulations can be made in factory, but the following shall be noted:
(1) After the friction parts operate one month, such as newly fitted or changed gear, the lubricating grease shall be discharged
totally, clean up the oil tank and put into new grease.
(2) All the connecting bolts shall be examined regularly and fastened after newly fitted or overhauled.
(3) Check whether the lubricating parts have enough grease, normal temperature and straightway cooling system.
(4) All the instruments, lighting and signal device shall be well equipped.
(5) All the sealing part shall be well sealed to assure no leakage.
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(6) Check whether the main and auxiliary equipments have abnormal vibrating, noise and higher temperature rise.
(7) If there is abnormal condition and troubles, settle them timely.

7、检 修
（1）经常检查地脚螺栓、衬板螺栓、磨门螺栓等重要螺栓是否松动。
（2）各润滑点的润滑情况至少每四个小时检查一次。传动轴承、减速机和主轴承的温度不允许超过标定温度。
（3）检查各密封有无漏浆、漏油、漏水等情况，如有问题应及时处理。
（4）经常记录（每小时）电动机电流值的变化，如发现电流值有异常变化应进行检查并排除故障。
（5）大、小齿轮连续运转的声响是否正常。
（6）除上述经常性的检查外，各生产厂家可根据设备零部件的磨损情况，使用寿命，决定检修计划。定期进行检
修，并保证检修质量。

7.Overhaul
(1) Check whether the key bolts loosen or not, such as anchor bolts, liner bolts and grinding door bolts.
(2) Check the lubricating condition at lubrication parts every four hours at least. The temperature of driving bearing, gear
reducer and main bearing shall not exceed calibration temperature.
(3) Check whether the sealing parts are well sealed, no slurry leak, grease leak and water leak. If not well sealed, please settle
them.
(4) Regularly note the change of electric current value, if it is abnormal, check and settle troubles.
(5) Check whether the continuous operation of gear wheel and pinion have normal sound.
(6) Except the above regular check, the manufacturing factory can make the maintenance plan according to the abrasive
condition of components and working life. Make regular maintenance and assure the maintenance quality.

8、故障判断
轴承发热，检查是否缺油。如果不缺油，检查各部分的同心度，分别检查回转部分和传动装置。大轴承座与
中空轴不同心，造成中空轴与轴承压盖摩擦生热。传动小齿轮轴与轴承座不同心，造成传动轴与轴承压盖摩擦生热。
减速机与小齿轮轴不同心、减速机与电机不同心，都会造成轴承超负荷运转而发热。当中空轴与大轴承座不同心严重
时，会造成起动困难、运转时费动力、电机发热等现象。所以安装时保证各部分的同心度非常重要。

8.Breakdown predication
If bearing heating, check whether short of grease. If not, check the concentricity of each parts, check rotating part and
transmission device. If the main bearing chassis is not concentric with hollow shaft, the hollow shaft will generate heat by
friction with bearing gland cover. if the driving pinion shaft is not concentric with bearing chassis,the driving shaft will
generate heat by friction with bearing gland cover. If the gear reducer is not concentric with pinion shaft, gear reducer is not
concentric with motor, this will cause bearing operate with over loading and generate heat. If hollow shaft is not concentric
with big bearing chassis, it will make difficult to star, waste power in operation and motor heating. So when installation, the
concentricity of each part is very important.

9、温馨提示
本磨机根据使用条件（干式粉磨）考虑。连续工作时，磨体会生热伸长，导致主轴承间隙挤死。特在进料端主轴
承压盖预留了膨胀间隙。在磨机通过试运行一切正常并准备就绪投入生产前，请将进料端的主轴承外压盖打开，这时
你会看到有几个顶丝，将顶丝松掉并取出，再将外压盖重新装好并紧固。

9.Kindly reminder
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

The using condition of the mill: dry grinding. When continuous operation, the shell will generate heat and extend, with the
result of bearing gap block up. So there is reserved expansion clearance at main bearing gland cover at the feeding end. If the
test running is normal, before starting normal production, open the bearing outside gland cover at the feeding end, you will see
several jack screws, take them off, and fit the outside gland cover and fasten it.

润滑油品种及用量 Sorts and Dosage of Lubrication Grease

润滑部位 油脂型号 用 量 换油周期 备 注

Lubricating Grease type Quantity Grease change Remarks
Parts period
主 轴 承 3#通用锂基润滑脂 ≤2/3 轴承内腔 2000 小时 每周注油一次
Main bearing （牌号：ZL-3） ≤ 2/3 bearing 2000 hours Fill grease every week
小齿轮轴承 3# general lithium inside cavity
Pinion bearing base grease(ZL-3)

电动机轴承
Motor bearing

传动齿轮 厚质齿轮油或重负 面高度以淹没 3 个月 在运转中大齿轮能沾

Driving gear 荷工业齿轮油。 大齿轮一个牙高 3 months 注油即可，油面过高
冬季：460# 为上限。 会发生严重漏油现象。
夏季：680# The height of If the gear wheel can
Thickness gear grease Grease level is touch grease, it is
or heavy-load limited to one ok. Much higher
industrial gear grease gear tooth height. grease level can
In winter: 460# bring grease leakage.
In summer: 680#
主传减速机 中负荷工业闭式齿 根据油尺沾油情 3 个月 主传减速机（ZD60 以上型号，含
Main driving 轮油（环境温度 0℃ 况进行添加（常 3 months ZD60）后下方设有两根管子，
gear reducer ～40℃时，选用牌 规应在上线位 它们的作用是：加入冷却水进行
慢传减速机 号：L-CKC100～ 置）。 6 个月 冷却，一个进水，另一个出水，
Slow driving CKC220）。 Add grease 6 months 均不需要压力或微压。
gear reducer Middle-load according to the Main driving gear reducer(with or
industrial closed condition of the above ZD60 model), thereare two
gear grease(if grease in pipes at thebackward bottom,
ambient temper dipstick. the function is: cool itby adding
ature is 0℃～40℃, cooling water, one is inflow,
use L-CKC100～ another is outflow, both don’t need
CKC220 grease ). pres-sure or micro pressure.
警 示：传动齿轮、减速机等润滑部位在第一次装入润滑油使用一月后，应将油全部放出，并清洗干净，再加入清洁的
润滑油。
Warning: After the lubricating parts operate for one month with lubrication grease, such as driving gear, gear
reducer, the lubricating grease shall be discharged totally, clean up the oil tank and put into new lubrication
grease.
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

干式球磨机的结构图 Structure of Dry Ball Mill

图一：干式球磨机（右旋，一仓）
Figure 1: dry ball mill (dextrorotary, one chamber)

图二：干式球磨机（左旋，一仓）
Figure 2: dry ball mill (levorotary, one chamber)
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

图三：干式球磨机（右旋，二仓）
Figure 3: dry ball mill (dextrorotary, two chambers)

图四：干式球磨机（左旋，二仓）
Figure 4: dry ball mill (levorotary, two chambers)
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd

图五：干式球磨机（右旋，三仓：含漫传装置）
Figure 5: dry ball mill (dextrorotary, three chambers, with slow transmission device)

图六：干式球磨机（左旋，三仓：含慢传装置）
Figure 6: dry ball mill (levorotary, three chambers, with slow transmission device)
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Henan Fote Heavy Machinery Co.Ltd