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ISSN 2278-4500

A Research Awareness E-Journal By

2018 | Volume 7, Issue 2 | Page: 32 – 64


www.researchinhomeopathy.org
Conceptualized, edited, designed and published by Dr. Saurav Arora
Initiative to Promote Research in Homeopathy (IPRH)
www.researchinhomeopathy.org

© IPRH 2018

Available Online at
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Contents

• An Exclusive Interview with Prof. Leoni Villano Bonamin: 32-36


• Release the First Report: 37
• Smell Is A Fallen Angel – Olfaction And Homeopathy: 38-39
• Homeopathy For Laryngeal Papillomatosis: 40
Studies to be read
• Fundamental Research
• Could the Olfactory System Be a Target for Homeopathic Remedies as Nanomedicines?: 41
• Screening of drugs and homeopathic products from Atropa Belladonna seed extracts:
tropane alkaloids determination and untargeted analysis. 42
• Ultra-High Dilutions and Homeopathy: Can They Be Explained without Non-Local Theory?: 42
• Phase-Transition-Induced Pattern Formation Applied to Basic Research on Homeopathy:
A Systematic Review: 43
• Water-Related Mechanisms Proposed for Storing and Transmitting Homeopathic Information:
Putative Links with Biological Responses 43
• Effect of Homeopathic Dilutions of Cuprum Arsenicosum on the Electrical Properties of
Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene). 44
• In Vitro Effects of Homeopathic Drugs on Cultured Escherichia coli. 45
• A Theoretical Approach to Selection of a Biologically Active Substance in Ultra-Low Doses
for Effective Action on a Biological System. 45

Clinical Research
• Response to Individualized Homeopathic Treatment for Depression in Climacteric Women
with History of Domestic Violence, Marital Dissatisfaction or Sexual Abuse: Results from
the HOMDEP-MENOP Study. 46
• Feasibility of Homeopathic Treatment for Symptom Reduction in an Integrative Oncology Service. 47
• Effectiveness of Homeopathic Medicines as Add-on to Institutional Management Protocol for
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Children: An Open-Label Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.47
• Assessment of Likelihood Ratio for Four Contact Dermatitis Symptoms of Vinca Minor. 48
• Homeopathic Prevention and Management of Epidemic Diseases. 48
• An N-of-1 Feasibility Study of Homeopathic Treatment for Fatigue in Patients Receiving
Chemotherapy 49
• Homeopathy in the Age of Antimicrobial Resistance: Is It a Viable Treatment for Upper
Respiratory Tract Infections?: 49
• Homeopathy for Perennial Asthma in Adolescents: Pilot Feasibility Study Testing a
Randomised Withdrawal Design. 50
• Management of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Patients ≥ 65 Years of Age by Homeopath
General Practitioners versus Conventional General Practitioners, with Overview of the
EPI3-LASER Study Results: 51
• Double-blind evaluation of homeopathy on cocaine craving: a randomized controlled pilot study. 52
• Observational study on the dispensing of cough syrups to children with acute cough by
community pharmacists in France: 53
Contents

Study Protocol
• Hypericum perforatum to improve post-operative Pain Outcome after monosegmental
Spinal microdiscectomy (HYPOS): a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trial: 54

Case Report
• Case Reports of Five Cancer Patients with Unusual Course: 55
• Symptom Similarity versus Disease Similarity: Revisiting the Application of the Law of Similars
and Challenging the Symptom-Centric Approach in Homeopathy: 55

Review
• Physicochemical Investigations of Homeopathic Preparations: A Systematic Review and
Bibliometric Analysis-Part 1. 56
• Development of Software for Automatic Analysis of Intervention in the Field of Homeopathy. 56
• Systematic Review of Plant-Based Homeopathic Basic Research: An Update. 57

Public Health
• Integration of Homeopathy and Complementary Medicine in the Tuscan Public Health
System and the Experience of the Homeopathic Clinic of the Lucca Hospital. 58

Water Memory and Homeopathy: 59

Research Quotes 59-60

News/Upcoming Events 61

Subscribe to Homeopathic Research Updates 62

IPRH Sitemap 64
An Exclusive Interview with Prof. Leoni Villano Bonamin

Professor at Universidade Paulista – UNIP, Brazil


By
Dr. Saurav Arora
Founder: Initiative to Promote Research in Homeopathy

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 32
Saurav Arora (SA): Welcome to Initiative to Promote Research in Homeopathy Ma’am. First of all, we
would like to know more about Prof. Leoni Villano Bonamin as a researcher, and how and when you got
attracted towards Homeopathy? Your first encounter with homeopathy?
Prof. Leoni Villano Bonamin (LB): My first encounter with homeopathy was in 1983 when I had just
begun my studies in University of São Paulo, Brazil. I followed a course about “alternative therapies in
Veterinary Medicine”, where there was a conference about homeopathy. It was a “love at the first sight”.
I went to my home sure that this will be the focus of my professional life.

SA: Brazil is well known for research and clinical practice in Homeopathy. We would like to
know your views on the same. Is homeopathy well established and accepted in Brazil?
LB: Homeopathy is an official specialization for doctors, veterinarians, pharmacists, and dentists. Now
the license for agronomist engineers is also under discussion since some experimental uses of
homeopathy in crops have been resented a significant success. This situation helps the improvement and
funding of research on homeopathy, in clinical trials and in basic research as well. There is a good
support from the population too.

SA: Now it is crystal clear that we are facing Universal-Scepticism for homeopathy especially the
research part. Is it true in context to Brazil? What challenges do you face while doing research in
homeopathy and high dilutions?
LB: Scepticism is everywhere. But the main cause of this is the huge distance of both languages: that
from the allopathic point of view and that from a homeopathic point of view. From the first part, there is
an important difficulty to understand that something different of the “key-locker” rationale can be as
efficient than the known pharmacological preparations, acting on different mechanisms and reaching
different outputs from the expected “inhibition of symptoms” and/or “killing microorganisms and cancer
cells”. Homeopathy is not able to do that but improve the sensitivity and specificity of natural organic
adaptations process to deal with aggressive stimuli. For the more conservative, if a drug is not able to kill
bacteria or cancer cells, it is not efficient enough. But for homeopaths, this concept is quite controversial.
Today, it is known that homeopathy works – at least in part - by a very specific control of gene
expression and regulation of intracellular pathways. There is more to be discovered. These findings can
be a good step to approach both forms of rationality.

SA: Animal models have been a preferred model for basic research in homeopathy. Can you
share your experience with pros and cons of using animal models for research in high dilutions?
LB: Animals models are classic. Most of the knowledge about immunology, toxicology, and physiology is
based on rodent models. This is very important when we are working with unknown and often
unpredictable variables, like homeopathy, because we can understand very well what is the basis, the
natural output after certain challenges and, thus, make clear what has been modified after treatment.
Homeopathy has systemic and coordinated effects on the body and it is not comparable to classical
pharmacology. This aspect depends on a whole system to be understood. This is the most important pro.
The cons are related to the ethics in research since rodents have a high level of sentience and any
manipulation implies in a certain degree of discomfort or suffering. The use of alternative species, such as
invertebrates, which present small level of sentience, can be a good replacement in certain cases, but not
all. Idem for cell cultures.

SA: Which animal model have been the most successful model in your experimental settings?
LB: There is no “most successful” model. All living beings respond very well to homeopathy. It depends
on what kind of variables do you want to study after treatment of a living system with homeopathic
medicines. For instance, it is impossible to study lymphocyte functions in invertebrates, simply because
they do not have these cells.

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 33
SA: Usage of Homeopathy and high dilutions in allied sciences seems to be very promising
e.g. veterinary homeopathy. What are your views?
LB: Veterinary homeopathy is a reality. In Brazil, it is an official specialization in the veterinary area.
It has the same usefulness and efficacy as homeopathy for humans. The veterinarians just must know
how to read the signs. But it is a mandatory skill of the profession, even without homeopathy. But
homeopathy has other utilities. In agriculture, in environmental managing and even in other
engineering activities, as shown by Dr Papiya Nandy, in India. There is no doubt that homeopathy
effects go above the medical practice. The unique trouble is the regulation of these activities by the
respective professionals.

SA: As a professor of General Pathology can you throw some light on the modus operandi
part of homeopathy and high dilution?
LB: This is a puzzle, but we have some pieces already placed. Homeopathy can regulate cells
functions and pathways, at least in part by regulating gene expression. On the other hand, there are
the nano and microparticles in suspension, after succussion, that can exert some role in the biological
effects, but how much it is specific and fits the biological phenomenology of high dilutions, we do
not know yet. Nanobubbles are present too and require the same answers. Water itself can change
dipole features after serial dilutions and succussions, according to the original solute. But how these
changes could touch the expression of specific genes is a matter still not explained. There is still a lot
of work to do.

SA: Can you tell us in brief about your project Biodilutions?


LB: In 2015, I realised that the scientific advances on homeopathy were learned by a very restrict
circle of researchers. Moreover, many homeopaths do not care about what is new about homeopathy
research and prefer to stay in their doctrinaire comfort zone. This causes a huge trouble because
people who are following an educational program on homeopathy don´t even imagine how
homeopathy works on neuro-immune regulation, behavioural patterns and cell pathways control,
concepts that are very present in other areas of medicine (and veterinary). The most conservative
homeopaths think that these subjects have no interest in clinical practice, instead, they think that
homeopathy does not need it. It is quite bizarre and impairs that the clinical practice be improved
too.
So, I decided to make a personal contribution, creating the website www.biodilutions.com, in which
some themes about research on homeopathy could be presented in an easy-to-read format, to
incentive all interested people, mainly students, know something about homeopathy research and
cultivate the routine to read about. There are open access material and a booklet that can be
downloaded by some contribution, as a mechanism to keep the site independent of any institutional
or commercial support, which could characterize as a conflict of interest. This book is available on
Kindle – Amazon, too. In the future, some video-classes will be offered too.

SA: How many peer-reviewed publications and books have you published in
homeopathy/high dilution?
LB: Two books and about 80 articles on homeopathy and high dilutions.

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 34
SA: You have strong network or researchers who believe in undertaking collaborative
research in high dilutions. How you manage to undertake these studies? What is the source
of motivation to them?
LB: Homeopathy itself is the main motivation. But there is a catalytic mechanism called “GIRI”
(Groupe International de Recherche sur l´infinitésimal), the first scientific society organized to gather
researchers from all countries interested in homeopathy research. The annual meetings of the GIRI
make their members in regular and constant contact with each other and, naturally, the partnerships
are born.

SA: We would like to know more about Project – Zincum.


LB: This is a good example of how these meetings can generate good fruits. Me, Prof. Carla
Holandino and Prof. Paolo Bellavite had the idea of working together on a common subject. After
some online discussion, we decided to work on Zincum metallicum, each one using his own
experimental model, in such a way that a mosaic of several points of views was produced at the end
of the project. This was very interesting because Zincum metallicum is a remedy poorly understood.

SA: Your future plans to undertake and support research?


LB: Continue searching for the understanding the mechanism of action.

SA: Recommended books or literature to learn more about research in high dilutions?
LB:
• Discovering how homeopathy works available at www.biodilutions.com or
https://www.amazon.com/author/leonibonamin.
• Dossier about recent research on homeopathy organized by Brazilian scientists (Silvia Waisse and
Marcus Z Teixeira available at http://aph.org.br/revista/index.php/aph/issue/view/42
• Signals and Images - contributions and contradictions about high dilution research available at
www.springer.com

SA: Your take away message to homeopathic fraternity.


LB: I hope that humanity could know, ASAP, all potential of homeopathy to “fix” the world, in all
areas where it can be useful.
SA: Thank you, Ma’am, for your valuable time.

Short Bio with contact details


• Doctor in Veterinary Medicine by the University of São Paulo - Brazil (USP, 1987)
• Master's degree (1990) and PhD (1995) in Experimental and Comparative Pathology by the
University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil, with a sandwich period at École Nationale Vétérinaire de
Lyon - France (1992-1993)
• Post-Doctorate in Environmental and Experimental Pathology by UNIP – São Paulo - Brazil
(2015)
• Full Professor at Universidade Paulista – UNIP (undergraduate and postgraduate levels) since
1991

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 35
• President (2002-2008) and Vice-President (2008-2014) of GIRI (Groupe International de
Recherche sur l'Infinitésimal)
• Deputy Editor of “Homeopathy – The Journal of Faculty of Homeopathy, London” since 2015
and member of the editorial board of the International Journal of High Dilution Research
(IJHDR) since 2007Accredited researcher at the Homeopathy Research Institute (HRI, UK) and a
member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Global Homeopathy Foundation (GHF), India.
• The main subject of research: Basic research in high dilutions and homeopathy and their biological
mechanisms of action, since 1997.

Recent publications in the high dilution - homeopathy field:


1. SANTANA FR; DALBONI, L. C.; FIALHO K; KONO, F. T.; SARAIVA AMA; CORREIA MSF;
CORREA MD; CASARIN RCV; HURTADO ECP; LALO, M. A.; LAURENTI MD; BENITES, N.
R.; BUCHI DF; BONAMIN, L. V. High dilutions of antimony modulate cytokines production and
macrophage - Leishmania (L) amazonensis interaction in vitro. Cytokine. v.92, p.33 - 47, 2017.
2. COELHO, C. P.; MOTTA PD; PETRILLO, M.; IOVINE RO; DALBONI, L. C.; SANTANA FR;
CORREIA MSF; CASARIN RCV; CARVALHO, V. M.; BONAMIN, L. V. Homeopathic medicine
Cantharis modulates uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC)-induced cystitis in susceptible mice. Cytokine. v.92,
p.103 - 109, 2017.
3. CAJUEIRO APB; GOMA EP; SANTOS HAM; RODRIGUES IA; TOMA HK; ARAÚJO SM;
BONAMIN, L. V.; GOMES NBN; CASTELO-BRANCO MT; DIAS EPS; PYRRHO AS;
HOLANDINO C. Homeopathic medicines cause Th1 predominance and induce spleen and
megakaryocytes changes in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania infantum. Cytokine. v.95, p.97 -
101, 2017.
4. NASCIMENTO KF, DE SANTANA FR, DA COSTA CRV, KAPLUM V, VOLPATO H,
NAKAMURA CV, BONAMIN LV, DE FREITAS BUCHI D. M1 homeopathic complex trigger
effective responses against Leishmania (L) amazonensis in vivo and in vitro. Cytokine. 2017 Nov;
99:80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.07.001.
5. BONAMIN, L. V., BELLAVITE, P. Immunological models in high dilution research following M
Bastide. Homeopathy. 2015 Oct; 104(4):263-8. doi: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.08.004.
6. BONAMIN, L. V.; CARDOSO, THAYNÁ NEVES; CARVALHO, A. C.; AMARAL J. The use of
animal models in homeopathic research - a review of 2010-2014 PubMed indexed papers.
Homeopathy. 2015 Oct; 104 (4):283-91. doi: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.06.002.
7. GUEDES JR; CARRASCO, S; FERREIRA CM; BONAMIN, L. V.; SOUZA W; SHAIMBERG CG;
PARRA RE; CAPELOZZI VL. Ultra-High Dilution of Triiodothyronine Modifies Cellular Apoptosis
in Rana catesbeiana Tadpole Tail in vitro. Homeopathy (Edinburgh. Print), v. 100, p. 220-227, 2011.
8. BONAMIN, L. V.; ENDLER, PC. Animal models for studing homeopathy and high dilutions:
Conceptual critical review. Homeopathy (Edinburgh. Print). v.99, p.37 - 50, 2010.
9. ENDLER, PC; THIEVES K; REICH C; MATHIESSEN P; BONAMIN, L. V.; SCHERR C;
BAUMGARTNER S. Repetitions of fundamental research models for homepathically prepared
dilutions beyond 10-23: a bibliometric study. Homeopathy (Edinburgh. Print). v.99, p.25 - 36, 2010.
10. BONAMIN, L. V. Signal and Images - contributions and contradictions about high dilution research.
Dordrecht: Springer, 2008, v.1. 222pp.
See complete curriculum vitae at Lattes platform
(CNPq - Brazil): http://lattes.cnpq.br/0980105036844028

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 36
Release the First Report

JOIN THE CAMPAIGN NOW!


Recently, we have been informed about the “Release the First Report
Campaign” under the “Your Health Your Choice’, campaign in Australia
which got a huge success!
The Initiative to Promote Research in Homeopathy supports the campaign
and ask your support too, to make it a success!

Why this Campaign?


#Releasethefirstreport
• Do you know that NHMRC carried out its review of Homeopathy
TWICE?
• Do you know that it BURIED any evidence of the first Report?

Background
The Australian Government research Institute, NHMRC, made headlines
with their 2015 report declaring Homeopathy to be ineffective for any
condition. What NHMRC never told anyone was that the report they
published was not their original findings. It was the SECOND attempt.
The FIRST report they produced was completely buried. Then they did
the whole thing again and published the SECOND report. Read the full
article at releasethefirstreport.com.
Join the growing number of people around the world calling for the
NHMRC to release the FIRST report.
SAVE HOMEOPATHY

The public has a right to know the TRUTH, and for


this organizers, need our help!

Share this link with as many people as possible, from as many countries as
possible, to sign up to the campaign on releasethefirstreport.com.
Sign up at www.releasethefirstreport.com/join-the-campaign

Connect with the campaign on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

‘Release the First Report’ builds on its sister campaign, ‘Your Health
Your Choice’, launched last summer which achieved huge success,
generating over 87,000 signatures in Australia.
Now it’s time to go global!

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 37
Smell Is A Fallen Angel – Olfaction And Homeopathy
This Quick Research Byte post relates to the recent commentary
“Could the Olfactory System Be a Target for Homeopathic
Remedies as Nanomedicines?” published by Florence Courtens,
Jean-Louis Demangeat, and Mourad Benabdallah in The Journal of
Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Volume 00, Number 00, 2018,
pp. 1–7. The full article can be accessed and downloaded here.

• “The three functions of the olfactory system


The salient points in the articles are summarized
are a sense of smell, immune function, and
below for the quick overview: olfactory nerves regeneration. Molecules of
various structure, size, and chemical
• The Introduction clearly defines that the plant
properties can have an odour.”
extracts of homeopathic medicines contain
specific odours such as flavonoids and terpenes • The human sense of smell can detect
which are termed as Odorant Molecules (OMs). extremely low concentrations of odorants as
low as 10-18 g/L, equivalent to a C9
• The OM and homeopathic medicines share few
homeopathic dilution.
similarities when it comes to stimulation of the
nervous system. • Nasal Pathway to Cure Diseases has been
studied extensively in numerous conventional
• Some OM enhances while other can inhibit
research studies.
homeopathic medicine’s action (This may be the
reason why homeopathic medicines are advised not to be • Recent works highlighted that homeopathic
taken with strong smelling substances). remedies exist in a dual form, that is, a still
molecular form at low dilution and a
• Demangeat suggests the dual character of
nanoparticulate form at high dilution, and
homeopathic medicines depending on their level
that remnants of source remedy persist in
of dilution. At low dilution, below C2–C4,
extremely high dilutions.
(molecular nature) would act locally on cellular
or intracellular receptors, whereas at high • From the literature, both odorants and
dilution, in a nanoparticulate form, they would nanoparticles (NPs) can enter the body
cross cell membranes and physiological barriers through inhalation, digestive absorption, or
as mucous membranes, lungs, blood-brain through the skin, especially, NPs or viruses
barrier, or would directly reach the brain can directly reach the brain through axons of
through a neural pathway. nerves.
• The authors quote the theory of vomeronasal • Clinical effects are observed for homeopathic
organ by Benabdallah and McGuigan which remedies administered through inhalation,
suggest that terrestrial animals can sense and homeopathic remedies exhibit similar
pheromones sometimes in concentration which properties as OMs.
can be equivalent to 8th or 9th centesimal
dilution.
The authors prompt for further investigations, such as (1) tracking homeopathic nanoparticles through the
nerves and into the brain by animal studies, (2) studying EEG responses to various dilutions of a definite
homeopathic remedy, and (3) identifying immune responses from the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT),
or (4) directly studying the action of homeopathic remedies on olfactory receptors from different tissues by in
vitro studies.
(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 38
The authors prompt for further investigations, such as (1) tracking
homeopathic nanoparticles through the nerves and into the brain
by animal studies, (2) studying EEG responses to various dilutions
of a definite homeopathic remedy, and (3) identifying immune
responses from the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), or
(4) directly studying the action of homeopathic remedies on
olfactory receptors from different tissues by in vitro studies.

The concept and use of olfaction as a route of administration of homeopathic medicines are widely
described in the Organon of Medicine:

 Aphorism 246, fifth edition – footnote – “olfaction of Mercur metall X, Sulph X);

 Aphorism 248, sixth edition – one globule of medicine dissolved in alcohol and allowed to
olfact;

 Aphorism 269, sixth edition – footnote – living sensitive fiber – by means of intake or
olfaction;

 Aphorism 284, sixth edition – the nose and respiratory organs are receptive to the action of
medicines in fluid form by means of olfaction and inhalation through the mouth;

 Aphorism 285, fifth edition – to employ the smallest possible dose and to bring about the most
rapid result, one single olfaction merely will suffice;

 Aphorism 286, sixth edition – the dynamic force of minerals magnet, electricity and galvanism.

 Aphorism 288, fifth edition – footnote – It is especially in the form of vapour, by olfaction and
inhalation of the medicinal aura that is always emanating from a globule impregnated with a
medicinal fluid

 Aphorism 290, fifth edition – …. taken by the mouth or still better by olfaction and inhalation.

There have been numerous instances where we encounter, observe and see the actions of
homeopathic medicines through olfaction. It is a common phenomenon taught and practised in
routine clinical practice.

Scientific research studies (fundamental and clinical) are warranted in this area. There has been equal
scepticism for medicines of low dilution levels as well ultra-high dilutions (apparently or absolute lack
of original drug molecules) for olfaction as a route of administration of homeopathic medicines.

The article has aptly described various issues related to olfaction and action of homeoapthic
remedies and brought into notice the finer aspects, scientific facts, and present research
scenario in the olfactory research area. The article has ignited many queries which must be
dealt with methodically.

IPRH welcomes your valuable views on the same.

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 39
Homeopathy For Laryngeal Papillomatosis
It is quoted that “Laryngeal papillomatosis, or recurrent
respiratory papillomatosis, is the most frequent benign
tumour of the larynx, caused by the human
papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. It is also the
second most common cause of hoarseness in
children”.

Effective treatment(s) are warranted for such


conditions because its clinical outcome is variable.
Homeopathy is one such alternative which is safe,
effective and without any side effects. Below are some
of the references I could find in support of positive
results of the efficacy of high dilutions in Laryngeal
papillomatosis.

A note on the use of Thuja Occidentalis in the


removal of Papilloma of the Larynx
Brown JM, M.D.; JAMA. 1901; XXXVII(5):326.
doi:10.1001/jama.1901.62470310032001j
Abstract: Several cases of papilloma of the larynx have
come under my observation, occurring in the practice of
Dr Moreau R. Brown, which were treated by removal of
parts with forceps and the subsequent application of
thuja. The following case is one in which good results
were obtained by this treatment. Read more.

Thuja in Management of Laryngeal Papillomatosis


Nanda SK, Galagali JR, and Guruprasad V
Med J Armed Forces India. 2000 Jan; 56(1): 87. Published
online 2017 Jun 8. doi: 10.1016/S0377-1237(17)30108-9
Excerpt: Benign squamous laryngeal papillomatosis is a
difficult condition to treat due to its recurrence. Repeated
surgery leads to fibrosis, web formation and poor quality
of voice. Use of homeopathic medicine Thuja (Arbor
Vitae) post-operatively has shown very good results. We
wish to share our experience of five cases of recurrent
laryngeal papillomatosis, treated at Command Hospital
Air Force, Bangalore. Read more.

A Child With Recurrent Laryngeal Papillomatosis


(Case Analysis): Nicholas Nossaman, MD
Published in American Journal of Homeopathic
Medicines, Autumn 2002; 95(3): 141-44; Presented at the
2002 AIH Case Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Abstract: Dr. Nossaman presents a case of recurrent
There is a need to report ample data to prove the
laryngeal papillomatosis greatly ameliorated, perhaps efficacy of homeopathy in such conditions. If you
cured, with Calcarea phosphorica. come across any study related to this topic you may
contribute it at info@researchinhomeopathy.org

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 40
Studies to be Read
Abstracts of peer-reviewed studies published during April – June 2018. The original links are provided
with each article. For citations, original links, authors and journals should be referred.

Fundamental Research

Could the Olfactory System Be a Target for Homeopathic Remedies as Nanomedicines?


J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Jun 11. doi: 10.1089/acm.2018.0039.

Abstract
Homeopathic remedies (HRs) contain odorant molecules such as flavonoids or terpenes and can lose
their efficiency in presence of some competitive odors. Such similarities, along with extreme sensitivity
of the olfactory system, widespread presence of olfactory receptors over all organic tissues (where they
have metabolic roles besides perception of odors), and potential direct access to the brain through
olfactory nerves (ONs) and trigeminal nerves, may suggest the olfactory system as target for HRs.
Recent works highlighted that HRs exist in a dual form, that is, a still molecular form at low dilution and
a nanoparticulate form at high dilution, and that remnants of source remedy persist in extremely high
dilutions. From the literature, both odorants and nanoparticles (NPs) can enter the body through
inhalation, digestive absorption, or through the skin, especially, NPs or viruses can directly reach the
brain through axons of nerves. Assuming that HRs are recognized by olfactory receptors, their
information could be transmitted to numerous tissues through receptor-ligand interaction, or to the
brain by either activating the axon potential of ONs and trigeminal nerves or, in their nanoparticulate
form, by translocating through axons of these nerves. Moreover, the nanoparticulate form may activate
the immune system at multiple levels, induce systemic various biological responses through the pituitary
axis and inflammation factors, or modulate gene expression at the cellular level. As immunity,
inflammation, pituitary axis, and olfactory system are closely linked together, their permanent interaction
triggered by olfactory receptors may thus ensure homeostasis.

Keywords: homeopathy, nanoparticles, odorants, olfactory system

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29889551

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 41
Screening of drugs and homeopathic products Ultra-High Dilutions and Homeopathy:
from Atropa Belladonna seed extracts: tropane Can They Be Explained without Non-Local
alkaloids determination and untargeted analysis. Theory?
Drug Test Anal. 2018 May 28. Homeopathy. 2018 Jun 5. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-
1656513.
Abstract
Homeopathic products are still a controversial issue Abstract
in modern medicine, understood as complementary We discuss questions related to the
or alternative medicine (CAM). In this particular 'Benveniste Affair', its consequences and
case, homeopathic products prepared from Atropa broader issues in an attempt to understand
Belladonna extracts may present specific problems homeopathy. Specifically, we address the
due to the effects derived from its components. following points: 1.: The relationship
This article applies a simple, rapid and reliable between the experiments conducted by
method to the analysis of different homeopathic Benveniste, Montagnier, their collaborators
products obtained from Atropa Belladonna; drugs and groups that independently tested their
containing high concentration of plant extracts; and results, to 'traditional' homeopathy. 2.:
Atropa Belladonna seeds. The method was based on Possible non-local components such as
a simple solid phase preconcentration method 'generalised entanglement' as the basis of the
followed by ultra-high pressure liquid homeopathic phenomenon and experimental
chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to high evidence for them. 3.: The capability of
resolution mass spectrometry using Exactive- highly diluted homeopathic remedies to
Orbitrap as analyser. A in-house database has been provoke tangible biological changes in whole
set and atropine and scopolamine have been the organisms and cellular experimental systems.
compounds detected at highest concentrations in 4.: Aspects of the similia principle related
homeopathic products from Atropa belladonna to the above. 5.: Suggestions that can lead
extracts (4.57 and 2.56 μg/kg respectively), in to experimental verifications of the non-local
Belladonna ointment (4007 and 1139 μg/kg hypothesis in homeopathy.
respectively) and Belladonna seeds (338 and 32.1
mg/kg respectively). Other tropane alkaloids as Link to study:
tropine, apoatropine, aposcopolamine, tropinone, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
homatropine and anisodamine were detected at 29871024
lower concentrations (0.04-1.36 μg/kg). When
untargeted analysis was performed, other tropane
alkaloids were identified in the tested samples, as
ecgonine (0.003 μg/kg), benzoylecgonine (0.56
μg/kg), calystegines A (19.6 μg/kg), B (33.1 μg/kg)
and C (1.01 μg/kg). Finally other compounds
present in the homeopathic products, as sugars
(fructose, glucose and lactose) or amino acids
(valine, ornithine, leucine and phenylalanine), were
identified.

Keywords: Atropa belladonna; Homeopathic


products; Orbitrap-MS; tropane alkaloids;
untargeted analysis

Link to study:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29808
589

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 42
Phase-Transition-Induced Pattern Formation Water-Related Mechanisms Proposed for
Applied to Basic Research on Homeopathy: A Storing and Transmitting Homeopathic
Systematic Review. Information: Putative Links with Biological
Homeopathy. 2018 May 16. Responses.
Abstract Homeopathy 2018 May 16.
Background: Methods based on phase-transition-
induced pattern formation (PTPF) are increasingly Abstract
used in medical research. Frequent application fields Introduction: There are two critical pillars of
are medical diagnosis and basic research in homeopathy that contrast with the dominant
homeopathy. Here, we present a systematic review of scientific approach: the similitude principle and
experimental studies concerning PTPF-based the potentization of serial dilutions. Three main
methods applied to homeopathy research. We also hypotheses about the mechanisms of action are
aimed at categorizing the PTPF methods included in in discussion: nanobubbles-related hormesis;
this review. vehicle-related electric resonance; and quantum
non-locality.
Materials and Methods: Experimental studies were
collected from scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Objectives: The aim of this paper is to review
Science, Russian eLibrary) and from experts in the and discuss some key points of such properties:
research field in question, following the PRISMA the imprint of supramolecular structures based
guidelines. The studies were rated according to pre- on the nanoparticle-allostatic, cross-adaptation-
defined scientific criteria. sensitization (NPCAS) model; the theory of
non-molecular electromagnetic transfer of
Results: The review included 15 experimental information, based on the coherent water
studies. We identified seven different PTPF methods domains model, and relying (like the NPCAS
applied in 12 experimental models. Among these model) on the idea of local interactions; and
methods, phase-transition was triggered through the hypothesis of quantum entanglement,
evaporation, freezing, or solution, and in most cases based on the concept of non-locality.
led to the formation of crystals. First experimental
Results and Discussion: The nanoparticles
studies concerning the application of PTPF methods
hypothesis has been considered since 2010,
in homeopathic research were performed in the first
after the demonstration of suspended metal
half of the 20th century; however, they were not
nanoparticles even in very highly diluted
continued in the following years. Only in the last
remedies: their actual action on biological
decade, different research groups re-launched the
structures is still under scrutiny. The second
idea, introducing new experimental approaches and
hypothesis considers the idea of electric
computerized pattern evaluation techniques. The
resonance mechanisms between living systems
here-identified PTPF methods are for the first time
(including intracellular water) and homeopathic
proposed to be classified as one group of methods
medicines: recent findings about potency-
based on the same basic physical phenomenon.
related physical properties corroborate it.
Finally, quantum theory of 'non-local'
Conclusions: Although the number of experimental
phenomena inspires the idea of an
studies in the area is still rather limited, the long
'entanglement' process among patient,
tradition in the application of PTPF methods and the
practitioner and the remedy: that quantic
dynamics of the present developments point out the
phenomena could occur in supra-atomic
high potential of these methods and indicate that
structures remains speculative however.
they might meet the demand for scientific methods to
study potentized preparations.
Link to study:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/297686
37
(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 43
Conclusion: Further studies are needed to Results: At 10 kHz frequency, both dielectric
ascertain whether and which of these constant and AC conductivity increased
hypotheses may be related to potential cellular approximately 18 times for the polymer film
effects of homeopathic preparations, such as when incorporated with 2 mL CuAs at 200C
organization of metabolic pathways or selective potency. FTIR indicated the increase in
gene expression. conducting phase, while FESEM and EDX
confirmed the presence of spherical CuAs
Link to study: particles.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29
768636 Conclusion: The incorporation of CuAs in
the electroactive polymer film enhances the
conductivity and dielectric constant. We
conclude that these changes arise from the
Effect of Homeopathic Dilutions of Cuprum change in phase of the polymer film, and
because of the presence of two different
Arsenicosum on the Electrical Properties of Poly
metals that affects the interfacial polarization.
(Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene).
Link to study:
Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):130-136. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2
9767830
Abstract
Background: We report the effects of
nanoparticles in homeopathic preparations of
copper salts on the electrical properties of polymer
film. Previous work showed that the incorporation
of metal-derived homeopathic medicines increases
the dielectric constant and alternating current (AC)
conductivity of an electroactive polymer film that
is commonly used as a capacitor in the electronic
industry.We report here the effect of dilution of
one homeopathic medicine, Cuprum arsenicosum
(CuAs), at 200C potency on the electrical
properties of the polymer film of poly(vinylidene
fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene).

Methods: CuAs 200c was incorporated in the film


by the solution casting method. The electrical
characteristics were measured at different
frequencies using an inductance, capacitance, and
resistance meter. Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to detect
phase change in the polymer film due to the
incorporation of CuAs. Morphology and particle
size were studied using field emission scanning
electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy
dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy.

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 44
In Vitro Effects of Homeopathic Drugs on A Theoretical Approach to Selection of a Biologically
Cultured Escherichia coli. Active Substance in Ultra-Low Doses for Effective
Action on a Biological System.
Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):150-154. Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):137-142.
Abstract Abstract
Background: Recurrent urinary tract Background and Aim: An approach is offered to
infections (UTIs) are one of the most selecting a biologically active substance (BAS) in ultra-
common morbidities in persons with low dose for effective action on a biological system (BS).
neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction The technique is based on the assumption that BAS in
(NLUTD). Repetitive antibiotic treatment ultra-low doses exerts action on BS by means of spin
increases the risk of selecting multi-resistant supercurrent emerging between the spin structure
bacteria. Homeopathic treatment has been created by BAS, on the one hand, and the spin structure
reported to be effective in these patients. created by BS, on the other hand. According to modern
The mechanism of action, however, has not quantum-mechanical concepts, these spin structures may
been clarified. Recently, a direct bactericidal be virtual particles pairs having precessing spin (that is,
effect of homeopathic remedies was shown. be essentially spin vortices in the physical vacuum) and
Such an effect is not in accordance with the created by the quantum entities that BAS and BS consist
general principles of homeopathy. To test of. The action is effective provided there is equality of
this paradigm, we assessed the in vitro precession frequencies of spins in these spin structures.
effects of homeopathic drugs on Escherichia
coli derived from patients with NLUTD. Method: In this work, some methods are considered for
Methods: E. coli bacteria were harvested determining the precession frequencies of spins in
from 28 consecutive urine cultures. Standard virtual particles pairs: (1) determination of energy levels
antibiotic resistance testing and simultaneous of quantum entities that BS and BAS consist of; (2) the
resistance testing to homeopathic drugs use of spin-flip effect of the virtual particles pair spin,
(Apis mellifica, Cantharis, Causticum the effect being initiated by action of magnetic vector
hahnemanni, Staphysagria, Nux vomica, potential (the spin-flip effect takes place when the varied
Berberis vulgaris, and Lycopodiumclavatum) frequency of the magnetic vector potential equals the
in high (C30) potency were performed. precession frequency of the spin); (3) determining the
frequencies of photons effectively acting on BS.
Results: No significant inhibitory effect of
any of the tested homeopathic drugs on any
E. coli population could be found, Results and Conclusion: It is shown that the effect of
irrespective of their sensitivity to antibiotic BAS in ultra-low doses on BS can be replaced by the
treatment. effect of a beam of low-intensity photons, if the
frequency of photons equals the precession frequency of
Conclusion: Based on our results, effects of
spin in spin structures created by BS. Consequently, the
homeopathic treatment of UTI are not
color of bodies placed near a biological system is able to
based on direct bactericidal or bacteriostatic
exert an effective action on the biological system: that is
effects. These findings are in concordance
"color therapy" is possible. It is also supposed that the
with the hypothesis that homeopathy is
spin-flip effect may be used not only for determining the
based on host effects: for example, activation
precession frequency of spin in spin structures created
of the immune system, rather than effects on
by BS but also for therapeutic action on biological
pathogens.
systems.
Link to study:
Link to study:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29566403
/29566404

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 45
Clinical Research
Response to Individualized Homeopathic Treatment for Depression in Climacteric Women with
History of Domestic Violence, Marital Dissatisfaction or Sexual Abuse: Results from the
HOMDEP-MENOP Study.
Homeopathy. 2018 Jun 5. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1654709

Abstract
Background: Although individualized homeopathic treatment is effective for depression in
climacteric women, there is a lack of well-designed studies of its efficacy for depression in battered
women or in post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the association
between individualized homeopathic treatment or fluoxetine and response to depression treatment
in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital dissatisfaction.

Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-three Mexican climacteric women with moderate-
to-severe depression enrolled in the HOMDEP-MENOP Study (a randomized, placebo-controlled,
double-blind, double-dummy, three-arm trial, with a 6-week follow-up study) were evaluated.
Domestic violence, marital dissatisfaction and sexual abuse were assessed at baseline. Response to
depression treatment was defined by a decrease of 50% or more from baseline score of Hamilton
scale. Association between domestic violence, sexual abuse, and marital dissatisfaction and response
to depression treatment was analyzed with bivariate analysis in the three groups. Odds ratio (OR)
and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Results: Homeopathy versus placebo had a statistically significant association with response to
depression treatment after adjusting for sexual abuse (OR [95% CI]: 11.07 [3.22 to 37.96]), domestic
violence (OR [95% CI]: 10.30 [3.24 to 32.76]) and marital dissatisfaction (OR [95% CI]: 8.61 [2.85 to
25.99]).

Conclusions: Individualized homeopathic treatment is associated with response to depression


treatment in climacteric women with high levels of domestic violence, sexual abuse or marital
dissatisfaction. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate its efficacy specifically for post-
traumatic stress disorder in battered women. CLINICALTRIALS.

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29871025

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 46
Feasibility of Homeopathic Treatment for Effectiveness of Homeopathic Medicines as Add-
Symptom Reduction in an Integrative Oncology on to Institutional Management Protocol for
Service. Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Children: An
Integr Cancer Ther. 2018 Jun;17(2):486-492. Open-Label Randomized Placebo-Controlled
Background: Homeopathy has the potential to Trial.
reduce symptoms related to cancer treatment. The Homeopathy. 2018 Jun 5. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-
present study examined the feasibility of a 1656715
homeopathic consultation and treatment program,
provided as part of an integrative oncology service. Background: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is
endemic to certain parts of India, with limited
Methods: The electronic medical files of patients treatment options. In our initial exploratory
undergoing a homeopathic consultation in an comparative observational study of 151 patients with
integrative oncology service clinic were examined AES, there was significantly reduced mortality with
retrospectively. Adherence to the homeopathic adjunctive homeopathy compared to institutional
treatment regimen and perceived response to the management protocol (IMP). The present randomized
treatment were evaluated. placebo-controlled trial brings more statistical rigor to
this research program.
Results: The files of 124 patient (34 males, 90
females) were examined, of which two-thirds Methods: This study was conducted at a pediatric unit
reported acquiring and self-administering the from 2013 to 2015. Children aged > 6 months and ≤ 18
homeopathic remedy as prescribed, and nearly three- years and receiving IMP were randomized to receive
quarters reporting a beneficial effect. Adherence to adjunctive homeopathy (n = 325) or placebo as control
the homeopathic treatment regimen was greatest (n = 323). The primary effectiveness analysis was based
among patients attending a second visit, as opposed on Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Morbidity was
to having only telephone/e-mail follow-up ( P < assessed using the Liverpool Outcome Score for
.005). An association was found between a perceived Assessing Children at Follow-up. Analysis was by
beneficial effect of treatment with attending a follow- intention to treat.
up visit ( P = .04), female gender ( P = .02), younger
age ( P = .048), diagnosis of breast cancer ( P = Results: A total of 612 children were analyzed
.014), and current radiation treatment (vs (Homeopathy [H] = 304; Control [C] = 308). The
chemotherapy; P = .003). Patients reporting primary outcome, GOS, differed significantly between
chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy were H and C groups. There was 14.8% death/neuro-
also more likely to report a beneficial effect ( P = vegetative state in the H group compared to 29.8% in
.004), as were female patients reporting hot flashes ( the C group. Relative risk was 0.49 (95% confidence
P = .005) and those referred by an oncologist ( P = interval [CI]: 0.36 to 0.68), with absolute risk reduction
.046). No adverse effects were attributed to the of 15.0% (95% CI: 8.6 to 21.6%). Number needed to
homeopathic treatment. treat to prevent one additional death/neuro-vegetative
state was 6.6 (95% CI: 4.6 to 11.6). Proportional-odds
Conclusions: Homeopathy can be successfully analysis also revealed a greater effect in the H group:
incorporated within a supportive care integrative odds ratio, 0.40 (95% CI: 0.27 to 0.60). The most
oncology service. In addition to demographic and frequently used medicines were Belladonna (n = 116),
cancer-related characteristics, as well as symptoms, Stramonium (n = 33), Arsenicum album (n = 25), Sulfur
patients attending a second visit (vs only (n = 18), Opium (n = 17), and Nux vomica (n = 10).
telephone/e-mail follow-up) were more likely to
adhere to and perceive a beneficial effect from the Conclusion: Adjunctive homeopathic medicines may
homeopathic regimen. improve clinical outcomes associated with AES.
Further randomized and controlled studies, using
Link to study: double-blinded trial design, are recommended to
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/290946 discover if the current findings may be corroborated.
27
Link to study:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29871023

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 47
Assessment of Likelihood Ratio for Four Contact Homeopathic Prevention and Management
Dermatitis Symptoms of Vinca Minor. of Epidemic Diseases.
Homeopathy. 2018 May 21. Integr Cancer Homeopathy. 2018 May 12.

Abstract Abstract
Background: Contact dermatitis (CD) is a Background: Homeopathy has been used
frequently occurring medical condition, for which to treat epidemic diseases since the time of
Vinca minor (VM) is one of the recommended Hahnemann, who used Belladonna to treat
homeopathic medicines. However, the symptoms scarlet fever. Since then, several approaches
indicating this medicine have not yet been assessed using homeopathy for epidemic diseases
systematically. Likelihood ratio (LR), based on have been proposed, including
Bayesian statistics, may yield better estimation of a individualization, combination remedies,
medicine's indication than the existing method of genus epidemicus, and isopathy.
entry of symptoms into materia medica and Methods: The homeopathic research
repertories. literature was searched to find examples of
Methods: We investigated LRs of four CD each of these approaches and to evaluate
symptoms of VM: (1) great sensitiveness of skin, which were effective.
with redness and soreness from slightest rubbing; (2)
weeping eczema with foul, thick crusts; (3) itching Results: There is good experimental
amelioration in open air; and (4) CD of scalp. An evidence for each of these approaches.
observational, prospective, patient-outcome study While individualization is the gold standard,
was conducted in five different practice settings on it is impractical to use on a widespread basis.
390 CD patients over 18 months using three Combination remedies can be effective but
outcomes-Glasgow Homeopathic Hospital Outcome must be based on the symptoms of a given
Scale (GHHOS), Scoring Atopic Dermatitis epidemic in a specific location. Treatment
(SCORAD), and Dermatology Life Quality Index with genus epidemicus can also be successful
(DLQI), assessed at baseline, after 3 and 6 months. if based on data from many practitioners.
The LR of each of the four symptoms was estimated Finally, isopathy shows promise and might
as per the patient-rated outcomes on GHHOS. be more readily accepted by mainstream
medicine due to its similarity to vaccination.
Results: Seventy-four VM and 316 non-VM cases
were analyzed. Estimated LRs were as follows: Conclusion: Several different homeopathic
symptom 1, 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65 methods can be used to treat epidemic
to 2.60); symptom 2, 1.48 (95% CI: 0.80 to 2.74); diseases. The challenge for the future is to
symptom 3, 1.70 (95% CI: 0.94 to 3.07); symptom 4, refine these approaches and to build on the
1.36 (95% CI: 0.74 to 2.51). There were statistically knowledge base with additional rigorous
significant reductions in SCORAD and DLQI scores trials. If and when conventional medicine
over 3 and 6 months. runs out of options for treating epidemic
diseases, homeopathy could be seen as an
Conclusion: There was insufficient evidence to attractive alternative, but only if there is
attribute any of the four assessed symptoms clearly viable experimental evidence of its success.
to VM. Though non-significant, a high LR was
Link to study:
observed for "itching amelioration in open air"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
(symptom 3). Symptoms in the homeopathic materia
/29753299
medica for VM are perhaps over-represented. More
research of this nature is warranted.

Link to study:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/297832
75
(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 48
An N-of-1 Feasibility Study of Homeopathic Homeopathy in the Age of Antimicrobial
Treatment for Fatigue in Patients Receiving Resistance: Is It a Viable Treatment for Upper
Chemotherapy. Respiratory Tract Infections?
Homeopathy. 2018 May 7 Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):99-114.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue has been Background: Acute upper respiratory tract infections
described as a subjective feeling of physical, (URTIs) and their complications are the most frequent
emotional, and/or cognitive tiredness. Homeopathy cause of antibiotic prescribing in primary care. With multi-
has been widely used to treat side effects of resistant organisms proliferating, appropriate alternative
chemotherapy. The n-of-1 design is a single-patient treatments to these conditions are urgently required.
trial method to study a clinical condition that is either Homeopathy presents one solution; however, there are
short lived and reversible or is chronic and stable. The many methods of homeopathic prescribing. This review of
n-of-1 design requires a washout/reset period. The the literature considers firstly whether homeopathy offers
feasibility of performing an n-of-1 study in a viable alternative therapeutic solution for acute URTIs
homeopathy has not previously been tested. and their complications, and secondly how such
homeopathic intervention might take place.
Methods: A feasibility n-of-1 trial of individualized
homeopathic treatment for fatigue in a single adult Method: Critical review of post 1994 clinical studies
undergoing chemotherapy administered periodically featuring homeopathic treatment of acute URTIs and their
was performed. For each matched pair of treatments, complications. Study design, treatment intervention,
the participant was randomly allocated either placebo cohort group, measurement and outcome were considered.
or verum for the period between treatments. For the Discussion focused on the extent to which homeopathy is
subsequent treatment period, the opposite allocation used to treat URTIs, rate of improvement and tolerability
was given. Participant and practitioner were blinded to of the treatment, complications of URTIs, prophylactic
the allocation. Ongoing conventional treatments were and long-term effects, and the use of combination versus
permitted. The ability to recruit and retain was single homeopathic remedies.
monitored and changes in fatigue and quality of life
were measured using two validated outcome measures Results: Multiple peer-reviewed studies were found in
which homeopathy had been used to treat URTIs and
associated symptoms (cough, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis
Results: Sixty-eight patients were assessed between
media, acute sinusitis, etc.). Nine randomised controlled
February 2014 and February 2015. Four patients were
trials (RCTs) and 8 observational/cohort studies were
eligible for the study and one consented to participate.
analysed, 7 of which were paediatric studies. Seven RCTs
The participant enrolled in the study for six cycles of
used combination remedies with multiple constituents.
chemotherapy and completed all treatment and
Results for homeopathy treatment were positive overall,
outcome measures. There was no improvement under
with faster resolution, reduced use of antibiotics and
homeopathic treatment compared to placebo. There
possible prophylactic and longer-term benefits.
were multiple confounding events such as
conventional medication changes and an adverse Conclusions: Variations in size, location, cohort and
event unrelated to therapy. outcome measures make comparisons and generalisations
concerning homeopathic clinical trials for URTIs
Conclusion: Adequate recruitment was not feasible in problematic. Nevertheless, study findings suggest at least
this setting. The n-of-1 study design is feasible in this equivalence between homeopathy and conventional
population from the perspective of the ability to treatment for uncomplicated URTI cases, with fewer
complete the trial. No conclusion on the efficacy of adverse events and potentially broader therapeutic
homeopathy for this individual can be made. It is outcomes. The use of non-individualised homeopathic
unclear as to whether multiple treatments of compounds tailored for the paediatric population merits
chemotherapy would be an appropriate clinical further investigation, including through cohort studies. In
situation in which to apply the n-of-1 trial the light of antimicrobial resistance, homeopathy offers
methodology. Future studies should pilot adaptations alternative strategies for minor infections and possible
to this study design. prevention of recurring URTIs.

Link to study: Link to study:


https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29734461 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29767829
(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 49
Homeopathy for Perennial Asthma in Adolescents: Pilot Feasibility Study Testing a Randomised
Withdrawal Design.
Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):143-149.

Introduction: Previous findings from a pragmatic trial suggest that usual care compared with usual care
plus individualised homeopathy is not a feasible design to address homeopathic interventions for
asthma.

Objective: The main purpose of this article was to investigate the feasibility of the randomised
withdrawal design as a strategy to assess the effectiveness of a standardised clinical-pharmaceutical
homeopathic protocol (Organon.modus) on perennial asthma in adolescents.

Methods: Randomised withdrawal, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled, 12-week study.

Patients: 12 to 17 years old adolescents, with the diagnosis of perennial asthma, using inhalatory
beclomethasone (plus fenoterol for wheezing episodes), who achieved 3 months of well-controlled
asthma, after a variable period of individualised homeopathic treatment according to Organon.modus
protocol.
Setting: a secondary care medical specialist centre.

Intervention: continuation with the individualised homeopathic medicine or with indistinguishable


placebo during 12 weeks of beclomethasone step-down.

Primary Outcome: number of days of well-controlled asthma. Secondary measures: number of days
of fenoterol use, number of visits to an emergency service (without hospitalisation) and percentage of
patients excluded due to an exacerbation characterising a partly controlled asthma. Tolerability was
assessed by Adverse Events, registered at every visit.

Results: Nineteen patients were randomised to continue treatment with homeopathy and 21 with
placebo. Effectiveness measures for the homeopathy and placebo groups respectively were median
number of days of good clinical control: 84 versus 30 (p = 0.18); median number of days of fenoterol
use per patient: 3 versus 5 (p = 0.41); visits to an emergency room: 1 versus 6 (p = 0.35); percentage of
exclusion due to partly controlled asthma: 36.8% versus 71.4% (p = 0.05). Few Adverse Events were
reported.

Conclusions: This pilot study supports the feasibility of the double-blind randomised withdrawal
design in studies investigating homeopathy on teenage asthma, when performed by specialists following
a standardised clinical-pharmaceutical homeopathic protocol.

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29579763

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 50
Management of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Patients ≥ 65 Years of Age by Homeopath
General Practitioners versus Conventional General Practitioners, with Overview of the EPI3-LASER
Study Results.
Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):81-89.

Background: The increasing use of psychotropic drugs to treat anxiety and depressive disorders
(ADDs) is concerning. According to the study, 'Etude Pharmacoépidémiologique de l'Impact de Santé
Publique des modes de prise en charge pour 3 groupes de pathologies' (EPI3)-LASER, adult ADD
patients who consult a general practitioner prescribing homeopathic medicines (GP-Ho) report less
psychotropic drug use and are marginally more likely to experience clinical improvement than those
receiving conventional care. We determined whether these observations also apply to patients ≥ 65
years old in the EPI3 cohort.

Methods: The EPI3-LASER study, conducted in France between March 2007 and July 2008, was a
nationwide, observational survey of the three most common reasons for primary care consultation,
including ADD, and the impact of the GPs' prescribing preferences: homeopathy (GP-Ho),
conventional medicines (GP-CM) or mixed prescriptions (GP-Mx). This sub-analysis included 110
patients ≥ 65 years old with ADD from the EPI3 cohort who consulted either a GP-CM or GP-Ho.
Socio-demographic and medical data and details of any medications prescribed were collected at
inclusion. Information regarding the patients' functional status (Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale [HADS)]) was obtained via a telephone interview 72 hours after inclusion, and at 1, 3 and 12
months post-inclusion. Medication use and outcome were determined over the 12-month period.
Differences between the GP-CM and GP-Ho groups were assessed by multivariate logistic regression
analysis.

Results: One hundred and ten patients were recruited and 87 (79.1%) with ADD (HADS ≥ 9) at the
72-hour interview were evaluated (age range: 65-93 years, 82.8% female). Patients who consulted a
GP-Ho were more likely (odds ratio [OR] = 10.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33-81.07) to have
clinical improvement (HADS < 9) after 12 months than those in the GP-CM group. Patients who
consulted a GP-Ho reported less psychotropic drug use (OR = 22.31 [95% CI: 2.20-226.31]) and
benzodiazepine use (OR = 60.63 [95% CI: 5.75-639.5]) than GP-CM patients.

Conclusions: Management of ADD patients aged ≥ 65 years by GP-Ho appears to have a real
public health interest in terms of effectiveness and lower psychotropic drug use.

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29558779


(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 51
Double-blind evaluation of homeopathy on cocaine craving: a randomized controlled pilot study.
J Integr Med. 2018 May;16(3):178-184

Abstract
Background: Brazil is among the nations with the greatest rates of annual cocaine usage.
Pharmacological treatment of cocaine addiction is still limited, opening space for nonconventional
interventions. Homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and Erythroxylum coca have been tested in the
integrative treatment of cocaine craving among homeless addicts, but this setting had not proven
feasible, due to insufficient recruitment.

Objective: This study investigates the effectiveness and tolerability of homeopathic Q-potencies of
opium and E. coca in the integrative treatment of cocaine craving in a community-based psychosocial
rehabilitation setting.

Design, Setting, Participants, and Interventions: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled,


parallel-group, eight-week pilot trial was performed at the Psychosocial Attention Center for Alcohol and
Other Drugs (CAPS-AD), Sao Carlos/SP, Brazil. Eligible subjects included CAPS-AD patients between
18 and 65 years of age, with an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of cocaine
dependence (F14.2). The patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: psychosocial
rehabilitation plus homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and E. coca (homeopathy group), and
psychosocial rehabilitation plus indistinguishable placebo (placebo group).

Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measure was the percentage of cocaine-using days.
Secondary measures were the Minnesota Cocaine Craving Scale and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey
scores. Adverse events were reported in both groups.

Results: The study population comprised 54 patients who attended at least one post-baseline
assessment, out of the 104 subjects initially enrolled. The mean percentage of cocaine-using days in the
homeopathy group was 18.1% (standard deviation (SD): 22.3%), compared to 29.8% (SD: 30.6%) in the
placebo group (P < 0.01). Analysis of the Minnesota Cocaine Craving Scale scores showed no between-
group differences in the intensity of cravings, but results significantly favored homeopathy over placebo
in the proportion of weeks without craving episodes and the patients' appraisal of treatment efficacy for
reduction of cravings. Analysis of 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey scores found no significant
differences. Few adverse events were reported: 0.57 adverse events/patient in the homeopathy group
compared to 0.69 adverse events/patient in the placebo group (P = 0.41).

Conclusions: A psychosocial rehabilitation setting improved recruitment but was not sufficient to
decrease dropout frequency among Brazilian cocaine treatment seekers. Psychosocial rehabilitation plus
homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and E. coca were more effective than psychosocial rehabilitation
alone in reducing cocaine cravings. Due to high dropout rate and risk of bias, further research is required
to confirm our findings, with specific focus on strategies to increase patient retention.

Keywords: Clinical trial; Cocaine-related disorders; Erythroxylum coca; Homeopathy; Opium

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29625852


(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 52
Observational study on the dispensing of cough syrups to children with acute cough by
community pharmacists in France.
Minerva Pediatr. 2018 Apr;70(2):117-126.

Abstract
Background: Over-the-counter medicines may be proposed by pharmacists for children with acute
cough. Study objectives were to describe the sociodemographic profile of children who were
proposed a cough syrup by a pharmacist, the nature of the cough and type(s) of cough syrup
proposed and to assess the evolution of the cough, tolerance and satisfaction with treatment.

Methods: Observational, prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study with 157 pharmacies in France.
Children who were proposed a cough syrup by a pharmacist were recruited. Questionnaires were
completed by the pharmacists and/or parents at inclusion and by the parents after 5 days of
treatment.

Results: Four hundred fourteen children were included (mean age: 6.0±2.9 years); 45.9% had a dry
and 43.3% a productive cough. 30.4% were proposed an allopathic antitussive syrup, 28.3% an
allopathic expectorant syrup and 23.7% a homeopathic syrup. Children with a dry cough were more
likely to be given an allopathic antitussive (55.2%) or homeopathic (28.2%) syrup. Children with a
productive cough or cough of several days duration were more likely to be given an allopathic
expectorant syrup (70.1%). Cough disappearance was more frequent with homeopathic syrups
compared to allopathic expectorants (P=0.002), or allopathic antitussives (P=0.042). Adverse events
were most common with allopathic antitussive syrups (18.7%) (P<0.001). Two-thirds of parents were
satisfied with the treatment their child received.

Conclusions: Pharmacists play an important role in the management of acute cough in children.
Homeopathic cough syrups may have an interest in terms of public health.

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28211646

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 53
Study Protocol
Hypericum perforatum to improve post-operative Pain Outcome after monosegmental Spinal
microdiscectomy (HYPOS): a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Trials. 2018 Apr 25;19(1):253.

Background: Spinal disc herniation is a frequently occurring degenerative disease of the spine. Many
patients undergoing surgery suffer from radicular pain, known as memory pain, beginning from the third
post-operative day. This results in the prescription of high-dose opioid medications. In homeopathy,
Hypericum perforatum is known as a remedy for unbearable, shooting or jabbing pain especially when
neural damage is involved. Reduction of pain after application of H. perforatum has been observed in
previous studies. This study is aimed to investigate whether homeopathic H. perforatum in a
potentisation of C200 leads to the reduction of post-operative pain and a decrease of pain medication
compared to placebo.

Methods/Design: This is a monocentric, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial conducted


at the Department of Neurosurgery at the Community Hospital Herdecke, Germany. One hundred
study participants are being recruited from inpatients undergoing elective, monosegmental, lumbar
microdiscectomy surgery. Patients are randomly allocated to receive homeopathic treatment or placebo in
addition to usual pain management after surgery. The primary clinical outcome is pain reduction after 3
days of inpatient care as measured by pain reduction of subjective pain on a 100-mm Visual Analogue
Scale (VAS) at the third post-operative day. Statistical analysis will be carried out by means of a
covariance model with adjustment for baseline values and patient expectation for all randomised patients.

Discussion: This study is the first trial of classical homeopathy that will evaluate the efficacy of
homeopathic H. perforatum after monosegmental spinal microdiscectomy. We intend to clarify the
potential of homoeopathic H. perforatum to reduce surgery-associated pain.

Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register, ID: DRKS00007913 . Registered on 17 October
2014. EudraCT - Nr: 2013-001383-31. Data sets from the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS,
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien) are updated every 4 weeks automatically to the International
Clinical Trials Registry Platform of World Health Organisation: http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/ .
Responsibilities Sponsor: Witten/Herdecke University Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50 58,448 Witten
Deputy of the sponsor: Dr. Wolfgang Eglmeier (Head of Centre for Clinical Trials Witten/Herdecke)
Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50 58,448 Witten E-mail: wolfgang.eglmeier@uni-wh.de Principal investigator:
Prof. Dr. med. Wolfram Scharbrodt Community Hospital Herdecke Department for Neurosurgery
Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4 58,313 Herdecke w.scharbrodt@gemeinschaftskrankenhaus.de Project
coordination: Christa Raak Faculty for Health (Department for Integrative and Anthroposophic
Medicine) University Witten/Herdecke gGmbh Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4 58,313 Herdecke
christa.raak@uni-wh.de Project manager/data analysis/biometry: Prof. Dr. Thomas Ostermann Faculty
for Health (Department for Psychology and Psychotherapy) University Witten/Herdecke gGmbh
Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50 58,448 Witten thomas.ostermann@uni-wh.de.
Keywords: Homeopathy; Hypericum perforatum; Lumbar microdiscectomy surgery; Post-operative pain;
Study protocol

Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29695262

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 54
Case Reports

Case Reports of Five Cancer Patients with Symptom Similarity versus Disease Similarity:
Unusual Course. Revisiting the Application of the Law of
Homeopathy. 2018 Jun 16. doi: 10.1055/s-0038- Similars and Challenging the Symptom-Centric
1660456.
Approach in Homeopathy.
Abstract Homeopathy. 2018 May.
Introduction: The analysis of the periodic table
of elements by Jan Scholten opened the way for a Abstract
new kind of classification and repertorisation of The system of homeopathic medicine is based
homeopathic remedies. Thereby, group analysis on the Law of Similars. It is often implied by
(resorting to series and stages) makes precise students and practitioners of homeopathy that
prescriptions possible. This approach appears to the fundamental principle suggests that if the
yield striking results, even in severe cases. substance is capable of producing certain
Whereas Hahnemann stressed the emotional state 'symptoms', it can also remove, treat, or
('Gemüthssymptome', Organon § 210) when 'annihilate' similar symptoms if the same
choosing a remedy, Scholten 200 years later substance is administered in a small dose.
investigated the mental picture that represents a Hahnemann clearly highlights the importance of
life conflict or even a life theme that may maintain pathogenesis or 'disease-producing power', and
the disease process. The person's environment, not just the symptoms-producing power, as a
emotional traumas or a conflict drives him or her part of the 'totality of the disease'. The author
to suppress and dissect painful emotions. Such perceives the need for a rectification in the
compensations can become subconscious and so symptom-centric approach in homeopathy. The
strong that they can no longer be controlled; they pathogenesis of disease includes the mechanisms
then influence the patient with a highly and the cause, which are more complete than the
destructive energy. consideration of mere symptoms. Thus, the
fundamental approach needs to be extended
Methods: We present five case reports, each beyond the symptoms' similarity to the disease-
dealing with an unusual clinical course of severe pathogenesis similarity. Several clinical examples
cancer associated with homeopathic treatment are given based on the imaginary expansion that
using the Scholten method. is constructed on the 'mind' symptoms without
the inclusion of the pathogenesis of the
Results: By presenting these cases, we consider medicinal substance, suggesting the limitations
how the constitution (lifelong signs and and the risks to homeopathy of a purely
symptoms of the patient) and the mental state are symptom-centric approach.
interwoven and, as a complex mechanism, might
provoke disease. Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/297686
Conclusion: The appropriate homeopathic 35
remedy, reflecting the Scholten approach, seemed
to have beneficial impact on the disease process
of the five individuals presented.
Link:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990
8526

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 55
Review
Physicochemical Investigations of Homeopathic Development of Software for Automatic
Preparations: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Intervention in the Field of
Analysis-Part 1. Homeopathy.
J Altern Complement Med. 2018 May;24(5):409-421. J Altern Complement Med. 2018 May;24(5):422-430.

Objectives: The last systematic review of physicochemical Objective: To study the effect of homeopathic
research performed on homeopathic preparations was medicines (in higher potencies) in normal subjects,
published in 2003. The aim of the study is to update and Peripheral Pulse Analyzer (PPA) has been used to
expand the current state of knowledge in the area of record physiologic variability parameters before and
physicochemical properties of homeopathic preparations. after administration of the medicine/placebo in 210
In part 1 of the study, we aim to present an overview of the normal subjects.
literature with respect to publication quality and methods
used. In part 2, we aim to identify the most interesting Methods: Data have been acquired in seven rounds;
experimental techniques. With this, we aim to be in a placebo was administered in rounds 1 and 2 and
position to generate meaningful hypotheses regarding a medicine in potencies 6, 30, 200, 1 M, and 10 M was
possible mode of action of homeopathic preparations. administered in rounds 3 to 7, respectively. Five
different medicines in the said potencies were given
Methods: A two-step procedure was adopted: (1) an to a group of around 40 subjects each. Although
extensive literature search, followed by a bibliometric and processing of data required human intervention, a
quality analysis on the level of publications and (2) a software application has been developed to analyze
thorough qualitative analysis of the individual the processed data and detect the response to
physicochemical investigations found. In this publication, eliminate the undue delay as well as human bias in
we report on step (1). We searched major scientific subjective analysis. This utility named Automatic
databases to find publications reporting physicochemical Analysis of Intervention in the Field of Homeopathy
investigations of homeopathy from its origin to the end of is run on the processed PPA data and the outcome
2015. Publications were assessed using a scoring scheme, has been compared with the manual analysis. The
the Manuscript Information Score (MIS). Information application software uses adaptive threshold based
regarding country of origin of the research and on statistics for detecting responses in contrast to
experimental techniques used was extracted. fixed threshold used in manual analysis.

Results: We identified 183 publications (compared to 44 in Results: The automatic analysis has detected 12.96%
the last review), 122 of which had an MIS ≥5. The rate of higher responses than subjective analysis. Higher
publication in the field was ∼2 per year from the 1970s response rates have been manually verified to be true
until 2000. Afterward, it increased to over 5.5 publications positive. This indicates robustness of the application
per year. The quality of publications was seen to increase software. The automatic analysis software was run on
sharply from 2000 onward, whereas before 2000, only 12 another set of pulse harmonic parameters derived
(13%) publications were rated as "high quality" (MIS ≥7.5); from the same data set to study cardiovascular
44 (48%) publications were rated as "high quality" from susceptibility and 385 responses were detected in
2000 onward. Countries with most publications were contrast to 272 of variability parameters. It was
Germany (n = 42, 23%), France (n = 29, 16%), India observed that 65% of the subjects, eliciting response,
(n = 27, 15%), and Italy (n = 26, 14%). Techniques most were common.
frequently used were electrical impedance (26%), analytical
methods (20%), spectroscopy (20%), and nuclear magnetic Conclusion: This not only validates the software
resonance (19%). utility for giving consistent yield but also reveals the
certainty of the response. This development may lead
Conclusions: Physicochemical research into homeopathic to electronic proving of homeopathic medicines (e-
preparations is increasing both in terms of quantity and proving).
quality of the publications.
Link to study:
Link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/293565
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29377709 54

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 56
Agro

Systematic Review of Plant-Based Homeopathic Basic Research: An Update.


Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):115-129

Abstract
Background: Plant-based test systems have been described as a useful tool for investigating possible
effects of homeopathic preparations. The last reviews of this research field were published in
2009/2011. Due to recent developments in the field, an update is warranted. Publications on plant-
based test systems were analysed with regard to publication quality, reproducibility and potential for
further research.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in online databases and specific journals, including
publications from 2008 to 2017 dealing with plant-based test systems in homeopathic basic research. To
be included, they had to contain statistical analysis and fulfil quality criteria according to a pre-defined
manuscript information score (MIS). Publications scoring at least 5 points (maximum 10 points) were
assumed to be adequate. They were analysed for the use of adequate controls, outcome and
reproducibility.

Results: Seventy-four publications on plant-based test systems were found. Thirty-nine publications
were either abstracts or proceedings of conferences and were excluded. From the remaining 35
publications, 26 reached a score of 5 or higher in the MIS. Adequate controls were used in 13 of these
publications. All of them described specific effects of homeopathic preparations. The publication
quality still varied: a substantial number of publications (23%) did not adequately document the
methods used. Four reported on replication trials. One replication trial found effects of homeopathic
preparations comparable to the original study. Three replication trials failed to confirm the original
study but identified possible external influencing factors. Five publications described novel plant-based
test systems. Eight trials used systematic negative control experiments to document test system stability.

Conclusions: Regarding research design, future trials should implement adequate controls to identify
specific effects of homeopathic preparations and include systematic negative control experiments.
Further external and internal replication trials, and control of influencing factors, are needed to verify
results. Standardised test systems should be developed.

Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29621812

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 57
Public Health

Integration of Homeopathy and Complementary Medicine in the Tuscan Public Health System
and the Experience of the Homeopathic Clinic of the Lucca Hospital.
Homeopathy. 2018 May;107(2):90-98.

Abstract
Introduction: The healthcare programs of the Region of Tuscany (Italy) have started the process
of integration of some types of complementary medicine (CM), including homeopathy, which
began in 1996. The Homeopathic Clinic of Lucca was opened in 1998, followed by the
Homeopathic Clinic for Women in 2003, and the Clinic for CM and Diet in Oncology in 2013.

Methods: Observational longitudinal studies conducted on 5,877 patients (3,937 in the general
clinic, 1,606 in the women's clinic and 334 in oncology) were consecutively examined from 2003 to
2016. The Outcome in Relation to Impact on Daily Living (ORIDL) was generally used to assess
outcomes.

Results: Comparing the clinical conditions before and after homeopathic treatment, improvement
was observed in 88.8% of general medicine patients with follow-up (45.1%); in particular, 68.1% of
the patients had a major improvement in or resolution (ORIDL +2, +3, +4) of their condition. In
women, an improvement was obtained in 74.1% cases and a major improvement in 61.2%. In
cancer patients with homeopathic and integrative treatment, a significant improvement was
observed for all the symptoms during anti-cancer therapy, particularly for hot flashes, nausea,
depression, asthenia, and anxiety.

Conclusions: These results suggest that homeopathy can effectively be integrated with allopathic
medicine and that the Tuscan experience could provide a useful reference for developing national
and European regulations on the use of CM and homeopathy in public healthcare.

Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29549880

(c) IPRH | Research Updates – Homeopathy | Read Online at www.researchinhomeopathy.org | Vol 2 Issue 2 Page 58
Water Memory and Homeopathy

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