MATHS

x y z
10. Show that x2 y2 z2 = x y z (x – y) (y – z) (z – x) . [ 2005 ]
x3 y3 z3

é -1ù
ê ú
11. If A = ê 2 ú and B = [ - 2 - 1 - 4 ] . Prove that (A B)T = BT AT . [ 2006 ]
êë 3 úû

x+a b c
12. Solve the determinant equation , a x+b c =0. [ 2006 ]
a b x+c

0 b2 a c 2 a
13. Prove the identity , a2 b 0 c 2 b = 2 a3 b3 c 3 . [ 2007 ]
a2 c b2 c 0

é1 2 2ù
ê ú
14. Show that the matrix A = ê 2 1 2 ú satisfies the equation A2 – 4 A – 5 I3 = 0 and hence find A–1 .
êë 2 2 1 úû
[ 2007 ]

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 MATHS

é cos x sin x ù é1 0ù
11. If A = ê ú and A adj A = k ê ú the value of ‘ k ’ is :
ë - sin x cos x û ë0 1û
(A) sin x cos x (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

12. Which of the following is incorrect ?

(A) adj (adj A) = A (B) (AT)T = A
(C) (A–1)T = (AT)–1 (D) (A – I) (I + A) = 0 Û A2 = I

13. For the equations : x + 2 y + 3 z = 1 , 2 x + y + 3 z = 2 , 5 x + 5 y + 9 z = 4

(A) there is only one solution (B) there exists infinitely many solutions
(C) there is no solution (D) None of there

é2 0 1ù
ê ú
14. Let f (x) = x – 5 x + 6 and A = ê 2 1 3 ú , then f (A) is equal to :
2

êë 1 - 1 0 úû

é 1 -1 - 3 ù é 1 -1 - 3 ù é 0 -1 - 3 ù é 0 -1 - 3 ù
ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú
(A) ê - 1 - 1 - 10 ú (B) ê - 1 - 1 - 10 ú (C) ê 0 - 1 - 10 ú (D) ê 0 - 1 - 10 ú
êë - 5 4 4 úû êë - 5 4 3 úû êë - 5 4 3 úû êë - 5 4 0 úû

15. Consider the system of equations ,

a1 x + b1 y + c 1 z = 0 , a2 x + b2 y + c 2 z = 0 , a3 x + b3 y + c 3 z = 0 .

a1 b1 c1
If a2 b2 c2 = 0 , then the system has :
a3 b3 c3
(A) infinite solutions (B) one trivial and one non-trivial solutions
(C) no solution (D) only trivial solution (0 , 0 , 0)

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 MATHS

Exercise - 04

(OBJECTIVE) LEVEL I (DETERMINANTS)

é 1 2 -1 ù
ê ú
1. If A = ê - 1 1 2 ú , then determinant (adj (adj A)) is :
êë 2 - 1 1 úû
(A) (14)4 (B) (14)3 (C) (14)2 (D) (14)1

a2 a 1
2. The value of the determinant cos (n x ) cos (n + 1) x cos (n + 2) x is independent of :
sin (n x ) sin (n + 1) x sin (n + 2) x

(A) n (B) a (C) x (D) None of these

x2 + 3 x x - 1 x + 3
3. If px4 + qx3 + rx 2 + sx + t º x +1 2-x x-3 then t =
x-3 x + 4 3x

(A) 33 (B) 0 (C) 21 (D) None of these

4. If a , b & g are the roots of the equation x 3 + px + q = 0 , then the value of the determinant

a b g
b g a =
g a b
(A) p (B) q (C) p2 - 2q (D) None of these

a+1 a+2 a+p

5. If a + 2 a + 3 a + q = 0 , then p , q , r are in :
a+3 a+4 a+r
(A) AP (B) GP (C) HP (D) None of these

cos ( x - y ) cos ( y - z) cos ( z - x )

6. The determinant cos ( x + y ) cos ( y + z) cos ( z + x ) =
sin ( x + y ) sin ( y + z) sin ( z + x )
(A) 2 sin (x - y) sin (y - z) sin (z - x) (B) - 2 sin (x - y) sin (y - z) sin (z - x)
(C) 2 cos (x - y) cos (y - z) cos (z - x) (D) - 2 cos (x - y) cos (y - z) cos (z - x)

2 a + b + c a + 2b + c a + b + 2 c a b c
7. If a + 2b + c a + b + 2 c 2 a + b + c = l b c a , then the value of l is :
a + b + 2c 2 a + b + c a + 2b + c c a b
(A) 4 (B) – 4 (C) 0 (D) 4(a + b + c)

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Exercise - 05
(SUBJECTIVE) LEVEL I (DETERMINANTS)
1. If A is a square matrix of order n, then prove that : det (adj A) = (det A)n – 1 .

a+x b+x c+x

2. Let f (x) = l + x m + x n + x . Show that f ¢¢ (x) = 0 and that f (x) = f(0) + k x where k denotes
p+ x q+ x r + x
the sum of all the co-factors of the elements in f (0) .
3. If a , b are the roots of the equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 , then find the value of the determinant ,
1 cos (b - a ) cos a
cos (a - b) 1 cos b .
cos a cos b 1

b2 + c 2 ab ac
2 2
4. Show that : ab c +a bc = 4 a2 b2 c 2 .
ca cb a 2 + b2

x2 - 4 x + 6 2 x2 + 4 x + 1 3 x2 - 2 x + 6
5. If f (x) = x-2 2x + 2 3x - 1 then prove that , f (x) is an even function .
1 2 3

a2 + l2 a b + c l c a - b l l c -b
6. Prove that , a b - c l b2 + l2 b c + a l -c l a = l3 (l2 + a2 + b2 + c 2)3 .
a c + b l b c - a l c 2 + l2 b -a l

7. Using the properties of determinants , prove that

a+b+c -c -b
-c a+b+c -a = 2 (a + b) (b + c) (c + a) .
-b -a a+b+c

1
a a bc
8. Without expanding the determinant , prove that : 1 b ca = 0 .
b
1
c c ab

x 2 - a 2 x 2 - b2 x 2 - c 2
9. If a , b and c are distinct , solve the equation : ( x - a)3 ( x - b)3 ( x - c )3 = 0 for x .
( x + a)3 ( x + b)3 ( x + c )3

x2 - 5 x + 3 2x - 5 3
If D (x) = 3 x + x + 4
2
10. 6 x + 1 9 = a x3 + b x2 + c x + d , Then prove that ,
7 x 2 - 6 x + 9 14 x - 6 21

a=0, b=0, c=0.

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(DETERMINANTS)
1. If A is a square matrix of order m n where m is odd , then the true statement is (where I is unit matrix)
(A) det (- A) = - det A (B) det A = 0
(C) det (A + I) = I + det A (D) det 2A = 2 det A
2. Which of the following statement is true ?
(A) Non singular square matrix does not have a unique inverse
(B) Determinant of a singular matrix is not also always zero
(n - 1)
(C) If ½A½ ¹ 0 then ½A adj (A)½ = A where A = [ aij ]n ´ n (D) None of these

1 3 cos x 1
3. If f (x) = sin x 1 3 cos x , then the maximum value of f (x) is :
1 sin x 1
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20
4. Let { A1 , A 2 , A 3 , ...... , A k } be the set of all the third order matrices that can be made with the
distinct nonzero real numbers a1, a2, a3, . . ., a9 (repetition of element in a matrix is allowed) . Then
k
(A) k = 9 ! (B) k = 9 { 9 ! ) (C) å ½ A i½ = 0 (D) None of these
i =1

5. The number of values of k for which the system of equations ,

(k + 1)x + 8y = 4k, kx + (k + 3)y = 3k – 1 has no solution is :
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite

1 1 1
6. If A, B and C are the angles of a triangle and 1 + sin A 1 + sin B 1 + sin C =0
2 2 2
sin A + sin A sin B + sin B sin C + sin C

then the triangle ABC is :

(A) Isosceles (B) Equilateral (C) Right angled (D) None of these

cos ( x + x 2 ) sin ( x + x 2 ) - cos ( x + x 2 )

2 2 2
7. If f (x) = sin ( x - x ) cos ( x - x ) sin ( x - x ) then f ¢ (0) is :
2
sin (2 x ) 0 sin (2 x )

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) None of these

m
2r - 1 Cr 1
2 m m
8. If Dr = m -1
2 2
2
2
m+1
2
. Then å Dr is equal to :
sin (m ) sin (m) sin (m + 1) r=0

(A) m 2 – 1 (B) 2m (C) zero (D) None of these

9. The digits A , B and C are such that the three digit numbers A 8 8 , 6 B 8 , 8 6 C are divisible by
A 6 8
72 , then the determinant 8 B 6 is divisible by :
8 8 C
(A) 72 (B) 144 (C) 288 (D) 216
10. The system of linear equations , x + y + z = 2 , 2 x + y – z = 3 , 3 x + 2 y + k z = 4 has a unique
solution if :
(A) k ¹ 0 (B) – 1 < k < 1 (C) – 2 < k < 2 (D) k = 0

46
 MATHS

Exercise - 08
IIT NEW PATTERN QUESTIONS
Section I Fill in the blanks
1. If [ x ] stands for the greatest integer less than or equal to ‘ x ’ , then the value of

[e] [ p] [ p2 - 6 ]
[p] [ p2 - 6 ] [e] is ________ .
[p 2
- 6] [e] [p]

2. If å cos 2 a1 = å cos 2 b 1 = å cos 2 g1 = 1 ;

å cos a1 cos b 1 = å cos b 1 cos g1 = å cos g1 cos a1 = 0 .

2
cos a1 cos a 2 cos a 3
Then the value of cos b1 cos b2 cos b3 is ________ .
cos g1 cos g 2 cos g 3

3. If the system of equation , – a x + y + z = 0 , x – b y + z = 0 and x + y – c z = 0 (a , b , c ¹ – 1) has

1 1 1
a non-zero solution , then + + = ________ .
1+ a 1+ b 1+ c

é 1 3 2ù é 1ù
ê ú ê ú
4. The value of ‘ x ’ so that [1 x 1] ê 0 5 1 ú ê 1 ú = 0 is ________ .
êë 0 3 2 úû êë x úû

é 0 2b c ù
ê ú
5. The value of a , b , c when ê a b - c ú is orthogonal are ________ .
êë a - b c úû

Section II More than one correct :

a a + d a + 2d
1. Let D = a + d a + 2 d a , then
a + 2d a a+d
(A) D depends on a (B) D depends on d (C) D is a constant (D) All of these

-x a b
2. Let a , b > 0 and D = b - x a , then :
a b -x
(A) a + b – x is a factor of D (B) x 2 + (a + b)x + a2 + b2 – ab is a factor of D
(C) D = 0 has two real roots if a = b (D) None of these
3. If A and B are square matrices of the same order such that A2 = A, B2 = B, AB = BA = 0, then
(A) A(B)2 = 0 (B) (A + B)2 = A + B
2
(C) (A – B) = A – B (D) All above

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 MATHS

Section IV Comprehensions
Write Up I
x a a
If a , b > 0 and D (x) = b x a , then :
b b x

1. D (x) is increasing in :
(A) (- ab , ab ) (
(B) - ¥ , - a b ) È ( ab , ¥ ) (C) (- 3 ab , 3 ab )
(D) None of these

2. D (x) is decreasing in :
(A) (- ab , ab ) (B) (- 3 ab , 3 ab ) (
(C) - ¥ , - 3 a b È ) (3 a b , ¥ )
(D) None of these

3. D (x) has a local minimum , at :

3 ab 3 ab
(A) x = (B) x = – (C) x = ab (D) x = – ab

Write Up II
Consider a system of linear equation in three variables x , y , z .
a1 x + b1 y + c 1 z = d1 ; a2 x + b2 y + c 2 z = d2 ; a3 x + b3 y + c 3 z = d3

é a1 b1 c1 ù éxù é d1 ù
ê ú êyú ê ú
The system can be expressed by matrix equation , ê a2 b2 c 2 ú ê ú = ê d2 ú or A X = B .
êë a3 b3 c 3 úû êë z úû êë d3 úû
If A is a non-singular matrix then the solution of above system can be found by X = A–1 B . The
solution in this case is unique .
If A is a singular matrix i.e. ½A½ = 0 , then the system will have no unique solution if
(Adj A) B = 0 and the system has no solution (i.e. it is inconsistent) if (Adj A) B ¹ 0 .
Where Adj A is the adjoint of the matrix A , which is obtained by taking transpose of the matrix
obtained by replacing each element of matrix A with corresponding copactors .
Now consider the following matrix ,

éa 1 0ù éa 1 1ù éf ù é a2 ù éxù
ê1 b dú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú
ú , B = ê0 d c ú , U = êgú , V = ê 0 ú , X = ê ú
A= ê y
êë 1 b c úû êë f g h úû êë h úû ê 0 ú êë z úû
ëê úû

1. The system A X = U has infinitely many solutions , if :

(A) c = d , a b = 1 (B) a b = 1 , h = g
(C) c = d , h = g , a b = 1 (D) None of these
2. If A X = U has infinitely many solutions , then the equation , B X = V has :
(A) unique solution (B) infinitely many solution
(C) no solution (D) either infinitely many solutions or no solution
3. If A X = U has infinitely many solutions , then the equation , B X = V is consistent if :
(A) a = 0 (B) d = 0 (C) f = 0 (D) All of these

50
 MATHS

Section VI Match the Column

1. Column I Column II
(A) (Adj A)–1 (p) k n – 1 (Adj A)
A
(B) Adj (A–1) (q)
A

n-2
(C) Adj (k A) (r) A .A

adj (adj A )
(D) Adj (Adj A) (s) 2
A

2. Consider a system of three linear equations in three variables x , y , z .

a1 x + b1 y + c 1 z + d1 = 0 ; a2 x + b2 y + c 2 z + d2 = 0 ; a3 x + b3 y + c 3 z + d3 = 0
which represents planes P1 , P2 and P3 respectively .

é a1 b1 c1 ù é a1 b1 c1 d1 ù
ê ú ê ú
Let A = ê a2 b2 c 2 ú and B = ê a2 b2 c 2 d2 ú .
êë a3 b3 c 3 úû êë a3 b3 c 3 d3 úû
Match the entries from the following column .
Column I Column II
(A) If rank of A = rank of B = 3 , then the planes
P1 , P2 , P3 (p) are coincident
(B) If rank of A = 2 and rank of B = 3 , then the
planes P1 , P2 , P3 (q) are parallel
(C) If rank of A = rank of B = 2 , then the planes
P1 , P2 , P3 (r) form a prism
(D) If rank of A = rank of B = 1 , then the planes
P1 , P2 , P3 (s) intersect along a line
(t) intersect in a unique point

1+ x x x2
3. Let x 1+ x x 2 = a x5 + b x4 + c x3 + d x2 + e x + f .
x2 x 1+ x

Match the entries from the following column .

Column I Column II
(A) The value of ‘ f ’ is equal to (p) 0
(B) The value of ‘ e ’ is equal to (q) 1
(C) The value of a + c is equal to (r) –1
(D) The value of b + d is equal to (s) 3

52
 MATHS

é1 0 ù é1 0ù
9. If A = ê ú and I = ê ú , then which one of the following holds for all n ³ 1 , by principle of
ë 1 1 û ë0 1û
mathematical induction .
(A) An = n A – (n – 1) I (B) An = 2n – 1 A – (n – 1) I
(C) An = n A + (n – 1) I (D) An = 2n – 1 A + (n – 1) I [ 2005 ]

1 + a2 x (1 + b2 ) x (1 + c 2 ) x
2
10. If a2 + b2 + c2 = – 2 and f (x) = (1 + a ) x 1 + b2 x (1 + c 2 ) x , then f (x) is a polynomial of degree
(1 + a2 ) x (1 + b2 ) x 1 + c 2 x
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 3 (D) 2 [ 2005 ]
11. If a1 , a2 , a3 , ....... , an , ...... are in G.P. , then the determinant

log an log an + 1 log an + 2

D = log an + 3 log an + 4 log an + 5 is equal to :
log an + 6 log an + 7 log an + 8

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 4 (D) 2 [ 2005 ]

12. If A and B are square matrices of size n ´ n such that A2 – B2 = (A – B) (A + B) , then which of the
following will be always true ?
(A) A = B (C) either of A or B is a zero matrix
(C) AB = BA (D) either of A or B is identity matrix [ 2006 ]
æ 1 2ö æa 0ö
13. Let A = çç ÷÷ and B = çç ÷÷ , a , b Î N . Then :
è3 4ø è0 bø
(A) there cannot exist any B such that AB = BA
(B) there exists more than one but finite number of B’s such that AB = BA
(C) there exists exactly one B such that AB = BA
(D) there exists infinitely many B’s such that AB = BA . [ 2006 ]
1 1 1
14. If D = 1 1+ x 1 for x ¹ 0 , y ¹ 0 . Then D is :
1 1 1+ y
(A) divisible by x but not y (B) divisible by y but not x
(C) divisible by neither x nor y (D) divisible by both x and y [ 2007 ]
5 5a a
15. Let A = 0 a 5 a . If ½A2½ = 25 , then ½a½ equals :
0 0 0

1
(A) (B) 5 (C) 52 (D) 1 [ 2007 ]
5

16. Let A be a square matrix all of whose entries are integers . Then which one of the following is true ?
(A) If determinant A ¹ ± 1 , then A–1 exists and all its entries are non-integers
(B) If determinant A = ± 1 , then A–1 exists and all its entries are integers
(C) If determinant A = ± 1 , then A–1 exists but all its entries are not necessarily integers .
(D) If determinant A = ± 1 , then A–1 need not exists [ 2008 ]
17. Let A be a 2 ´ 2 matrix with real entries . Let I be the 2 ´ 2 identity matrix . Denoted by tr (A) , the
sum of diagonal entries of A . Assume that A2 = I .
Statement – 1 (A) : If A ¹ 1 and A ¹ – 1 , then determinant A = – 1 .
Statement – 2 (R) : If A ¹ 1 and A ¹ – 1 , then tr A ¹ 0 .
(A) 1 is True, 2 is True, 2 is a correct explanation for 1
(B) 1 is True, 2 is True ; 2 is NOT a correct explanation for 1
(C) 1 is True, 2 is False (D) 1 is False, 2 is True [ 2008 ]

54
 MATHS

Exercise - 10
IIT FLASH BACK (OBJECTIVE)
(A) Fill in the blanks

l2 + 3l l - 1 l + 3
1. Let p l4 + q l3 + r l2 + s l + t = l + 1 - 2l l - 4 be an identity in l , where p , q , r , s and t
l - 3 l + 4 3l

are constants . Then , the value of ‘ t ‘ is ________ . [ IIT - 81 ]

1 4 20
2. The solution set of the equation , 1 - 2 5 = 0 is ________ . [ IIT - 81 ]
1 2 x 5 x2

3. A determinant is chosen at random from the set of all determinants of order 2 with elements
0 or 1 only . The probability that the value of determinant chosen is positive is ________ .
[ IIT - 82 ]

x 3 7
4. Given that x = – 9 is a root of 2 x 2 = 0 the order two roots are ________ and ________ .
7 6 x
[ IIT - 83 ]
5. The system of equation , l x + y + z = 0 , – x + l y + z = 0 , – x – y + l z = 0 , will have a non-
zero solution . If real values of l are given by ________ . [ IIT – 84 ]

1 a a2 - b c
2
6. The value of the determinant 1 b b - c a is ________ . [ IIT – 88 ]
1 c c2 - ab

1 logx y logx z
7. For positive numbers x , y and z , the numerical value of the determinant logy x 1 logy z is
logz x logz y 1
________ . [ IIT - 93 ]

(B) True/False

1 a bc 1 a a2
1. The determinants 1 b c a and 1 b b2 are not identically equal . [ IIT - 83 ]
1 c ab 1 c c2

x1 y1 1 a1 b1 1
2. If x 2 y2 1 = a2 b2 1 then the two triangles with vertices (x1 , y1) , (x 2 , y2) , (x 3 , y3), and
x3 y3 1 a3 b3 1
(a1 , b1) , (a2 , b2) , (a3 , b3) must be congruent . [ IIT - 85 ]

56
 MATHS

x3 sin x cos x
d3 f ( x )
5. Let f (x) = 6 -1 0 , where p is a consistent . Then at x = 0 is :
d x3
p p2 p3

(A) p (B) p + p2 (C) p + p3 (D) independent of p

[ IIT - 96 ]
xp + y x y
6. The determinant , yp + z y z = 0 if :
0 xp + y yp + z
(A) x , y , z are in A. P. (B) x , y , z are in G. P.
(C) x , y , z are in H. P. (D) xy , yz , zx are in A. P. [ IIT - 97 ]

1 a a2
7. The parameter , on which the value of the determinant , cos (p - d) x cos p x cos (p + d) x does
sin (p - d) sin p x sin (p + d) x

not depend upon , is :

(A) a (B) p (C) d (D) x [ IIT - 97 ]
1 x x +1
8. If f (x) = 2x x ( x - 1) ( x + 1) x , then f (100) is equal to :
3 x ( x - 1) x ( x - 1) ( x - 2) x ( x + 1) ( x - 1)
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 100 (D) - 100 [ IIT - 99 ]

9. If the system of equations , x - k y - z = 0 , k x - y - z = 0 , x + y - z = 0 has a non-zero

solution , then the possible values of ‘ k ‘ are :
(A) -1 , 2 (B) 1 , 2 (C) 0 , 1 (D) - 1 , 1 [ IIT - 2000 ]
sin x cos x cos x
p p
10. The number of distinct real roots of cos x sin x cos x = 0 in the interval – £x£ is :
4 4
cos x cos x sin x
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 3 [ IIT - 2001 ]
1 1 1
-1 + i 3
11. Let , w = , then the value of the determinant 1 - 1 - w2 w2 is :
2
1 w2 w4
(A) 3 w (B) 3 w (w – 1) (C) 3 w2 (D) 3 w (1 – w) [ IIT - 2002 ]

12. The number of values of ‘ k ‘ for which the system of equations ,

(k + 1) x + 8 y = 4 k ; k x + (k + 3) y = 3 k – 1 has infinitely many solution is :
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite [ IIT - 2002 ]

éa 0ù é1 0ù
13. If A = ê ú and B = ê 5 1 ú , then value of a for which A2 = B is :
ë 1 1û ë û
(A) 1 (B) – 1 (C) 4 (D) no real values [ IIT - 2003 ]

14. Given , 2 x – y + 2 z = 2 , x – 2 y + z = – 4 , x + y + l z = 4 then the value of l such that the given

system of equation has no solution , is :
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) – 3 [ IIT - 2003 ]

éa 2ù
15. Let A = ê ú and ½A3½ = 125 , then a equals :
ë2 aû
(A) ± 3 (B) ± 5 (C) ± 1 (D) 0 [ IIT - 2004 ]

58
 MATHS
é3ù
ê ú
3. The value of , [ 3 2 0 ] U ê 2 ú is :
êë 0 úû

é5ù é3ù
(A) [5] (B) ê ú (C) [4] (D) ê ú
ë2û ë2û
Write Up II [ IIT - 2009 ]
Let A be the set all 3 × 3 symmetric matrices all of whose entries are either 0 or 1. Five of these entries
are 1 and four of them are 0.
1. The number of matrices in A is
(A) 12 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 3

x 1
Ay = 0
2. The number of matrices A in A for which the system of linear equation has a unique solution
z 0
is
(A) less than 4 (B) at least 4 but less than 7
(C) at least 7 but less than 10 (D) at least 10

x 1
Ay = 0
3. The number A in A for which the system of linear equations is inconsistent, is
z 0
(A) 0 (B) more than 2 (C) 2 (D) 1

Write Up III
Let P be an odd prime number and T p be the following set of 2 × 2 matrices [IIT - 2010 ]

ì éa b ù ü
Tp = íA = êc a ú : a, b, c Î {0,1, 2,...., p - 1}ý
î ë û þ
1. The number of A in Tp such that A is either symmetric or skew-symmetric or both, and det (A) divisible by
p is
(A) (p – 1)2 (B) 2(p – 1) (C) (p – 1)2 + 1 (D) 2p – 1
2. The number of A in Tp such that the trace of A is not divisible by p but det (A) is divisible by p is
[Note: The trace of a matrix is the sum of its diagonal entries.]
(A) (p – 1) (p2 – p + 1) (B) p3 – (p – 1)2
(C) (p – 1)2 (D) (p – 1) (p2 – 2)
3. The number of A in Tp such that det (A) is not divisible by p is
(A) 2p2 (B) p3 – 5p (C) p3 – 3p (D) p3 – p2
(F) Assertion/Reason
1. Consider the system of equations , x – 2y + 3z = –1
– x + y – 2z = k
x – 3y + 4z = 1
Statement - 1 : The system of equations has no solution for k ¹ 3
1 3 -1
Statement - 2 : The determinant - 1 - 2 k ¹ 0 , for k ¹ 3 .
1 4 1
(A) Statement - 1 is True , Statement - 2 is True ; Statement - 2 is a CORRECT explanation
for Statement - 1

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Exercise - 11
IIT FLASH BACK (SUBJECTIVE)
a b c
1. Let a , b , c be positive and not all equal . Show that the value of determinant b c a is negative.
c a b
[ IIT – 81 ]

2. Without expanding a determinant at any stage , show that ,

x2 + x x +1 x -2
2 x2 + 3 x - 1 3x 3 x - 3 = x A + B , where A and B are determinants of order 3 not
2
x + 2x + 3 2x - 1 2x - 1

involving x . [ IIT – 82 ]

3. Show that the system of equations , 3 x – y + 4 z = 3 , x + 2 y – 3 z = – 2 , 6 x + 5 y + l z = – 3 has

at least one solution for any real number l . Find the set of solutions if l = – 5 . [ IIT – 83 ]

4. If a be a repeated root of a quadratic equation , f (x) = 0 and A (x) , B (x) and C (x) be polynomials
A ( x ) B ( x) C ( x )
of degree 3 , 4 and 5 respectively . Then show that A (a ) B (a ) C (a ) is divisible by f (x) ,
A ¢ (a ) B¢ (a ) C¢ (a )
where prime denotes the derivatives . [ IIT – 84 ]

x x x x x +1 x+2
Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2 Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2
y y y y y +1 y+2
5. Show that , Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2 = Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2 . [ IIT – 85 ]
z z z z z +1 z+2
Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2 Cr Cr + 1 Cr + 2

6. Consider the system of linear equations in x , y , z :

(sin 3 q) x – y + z = 0 , (cos 2 q) x + 4 y + 3 z = 0 , 2 x + 7 y + 7 z = 0 .
Find the values of q for which this system has nontrivial solutions . [ IIT – 86 ]

a -1 n 6 n
7.
2
Let Da = (a - 1) 2 n
2
4 n - 2 . Show that å Da = c is a constant . [ IIT – 89 ]
3
(a - 1) 3 n 3
2 n2 - 3 n a =1

8. Let the three digit numbers A 2 8 , 3 B 9 and 6 2 C , where A , B and C are integers between 0
A 3 6
and 9 , be divisible by a fixed integer ‘ k ‘ . Show that the determinant 8 9 C is divisible by ‘ k ‘.
2 B 2
[ IIT – 90 ]
x x x
C1 C2 C3
9. Evaluate : y y y
C1 C2 C3 . [ IIT – 90 ]
z z z
C1 C2 C3

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sin q cos q sin 2 q

æ 2p ö æ 2p ö æ 4p ö
20. Prove that for all values of q , sin ç q + ÷ cos ç q + 3 ÷ sin ç 2 q + 3 ÷ = 0 . [ IIT - 2000 ]
è 3 ø è ø è ø
æ 2p ö æ 2p ö æ 4pö
sin ç q - cos ç q - sin ç 2 q -
è 3 ÷ø è 3 ÷ø è 3 ÷ø

21. Find the real values of ‘ r ‘ for which the following system of linear equations has a nontrivial
solutions . Also find the non-trival solutions :
2rx - 2y + 3z = 0 , x + ry + 2z = 0 , 2x + 2y + rz = 0 . [ IIT - 2000 ]

22. Let a , b , c be real numbers with a2 + b2 + c 2 = 1 . Show that the equation ,

ax - by - c bx + ay cx + a
bx + ay - ax + by - c cy + b = 0 , represents a straight line . [ IIT - 2001 ]
cx + a cy + b -a x - b y + c

éa b c ù
ê ú
23. If matrix A = ê b c a ú , where a , b , c are real positive numbers . a b c = 1 and AT A = I .
êë c a b úû
Then find the value of a3 + b3 + c 3 . [ IIT - 2003 ]

24. If M is a 3 × 3 matrix , where det M = 1 and MMT = I , where ‘ I ’ is an identity matrix .

Prove that det (M – I) = 0 . [ IIT - 2003 ]

éa 0 1ù éa 1 1ù éf ù é a2 ù
ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú
25. Let A = ê 1 c b ú , B = ê 0 c d ú , U = ê g ú and V = ê 0 ú
êë 1 d b úû êë f g h úû êë h úû ê 0 ú
ëê úû
If there is a vector matrix , X, so that AX = U has infinitely many solutions .
Prove that , B X = V cannot have a unique solution . If a f d ¹ 0 , then that B X = V has no solution.
[ IIT - 2004 ]

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a 2 + a 2n +1 + 2p b 2 + 2n + 2 + 3q c2 + p
2n + p 2n +1 + q 2q
7. If p, q, r are in A.P., then the value of determinant is equal to
n +1
a +2 +p
2 n
b +2
2
+ 2q c -r
2

b 2 + c2 ab ac
ab c2 + a 2 bc
8. If = ka2 b2c2, then the value of k is
ca cb a +b
2 2

a1 + b1w a1w 2 + b1 c1 + b1w

a 2 + b2 w a 2 w 2 + b2 c2 + b2 w
9. If w is a complex cube root of unity, then value of D = is equal to
a 3 + b3 w a 3 w 2 + b3 c 3 + b3 w

1+ a2x (1 + b 2 )x (1 + c 2 )x
(1 + a 2 )x 1 + b2 x (1 + c 2 )x
10. If a2 + b2 + c2 = – 2 and f(x) = then f(x) is a polynomial of degree is
(1 + a 2 )x (1 + b 2 )x 1 + c2 x

equal to

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DETERMINANTS
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A
7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B

Exercise - 07 SUBJECTIVE LEVEL II

2k p
4. x= , k Î I , k ¹ 9n , n Î I
9

Exercise - 08 IIT NEW PATTERN

Section I Fill in the blanks
- 9 ± 35 1 1 1
1. – 8 2. 1 3. 1 4. 5. ± ,± ,±
2 2 6 3

Section II More than one correct

1. B 2. ABC 3. AB 4. ABC 5. BC

Section III Assertion/Reason

1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A
Section IV Comprehensions
Write Up I Write Up II
1. B 2. A 3. C 1. C 2. D 3. D
Section V Subjectives
é- 3 2 2ù
1 ê ú
2. A–1 = 2 - 3 2ú 3. x = 3 ; y=1, z=2 4. x = 3 , y = – 2 , z = – 1
5 ê
êë 2 2 - 3úû

Section VI Match the Column

1. A-p B-q C-r D-s
2. A-t B-r C-s D-p

3. A-q B-s C-r D-q

Exercise - 09 AIEEE FLASH BACK

1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D

15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. C

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