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Exercise:
Find the general solution of the linear equation with constant factors
y”−5y′+6y=e−2xy”−5y′+6y=e−2x
Solution:
The homogeneous equation is:
y”−5y′+6y=0y”−5y′+6y=0
The characteristic polynomial is:
χ(λ)=λ2−5λ+6=(λ−2)(λ−3)χ(λ)=λ2−5λ+6=(λ−2)(λ−3)
This gives the two eigenvalues:
λ1=2λ2=3λ1=2λ2=3
This yields the fundamental system:
y1=e2xy2=e3xy1=e2xy2=e3x
The non-homogeneous equation is:
y”−5y′+6y=e−2xy”−5y′+6y=e−2x
The perturbation ise−2xe−2xand sinceλ=−2λ=−2is not a root ofχ(λ)χ(λ), there is no
resonance.
For the particular solution we have:
ys=Ae−2xys=Ae−2x
Pluggin in an comparing the coefficients implies:
A=120A=120
Therefore the general solution is: