Distillation column
distillation of liquid mixtures so as to separate the
mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on
the differences in volatilities.
Principle
Distillation is a widely used method for separating
mixtures based on differences in the conditions required
to change the phase of components of the mixture. To
separate a mixture of liquids, the liquid can be heated to
force components, which have different boiling
points, into the gas phase . The gas is then condensed
back into liquid form and collected.
Types of Distillation
Simple distillation:
In simple distillation a mixture is heated to change the
most volatile component from a liquid into vapor.
Fractional distillation:
Fractional distillation is used when the boiling point of the
components of a mixture are closed to each other.
Vacuum Distillation:
Vacuum distillation is used to separate the components
that have high boiling points. Lowering the pressure of the
apparatus also lower boiling points
Safety
• Before starting the experiment, review the Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) on methanol and Ethanol. This sheet can be found
in the MSDS notebook located in the laboratory
• Personal protective equipment shall include safety glasses with
side shields. Disposable nitrile gloves should be worn when
handling the CH3OH solutions and also local ventilation.
• If in case there is explosion due to over pressure, open the cooling
system to condense the vapour and reduce power heating rate.
• Do not touch the reboiler as it will be very hot and can result in
skin injuries. Therefore, boiler should be covered with an insulator.
• The Distillation column should not be heated until the mixture has
reached the Reboiler section of unit
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Submitted By:
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf SP15-CHE-063
Syed wajahat SP15-CHE-067
Karam Elahi SP15-CHE-031
M Awais Nisar SP15-CHE-049
M Humza SP15-CHE-053
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Submitted To:
Sir Haris Humayun