GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSISC TO DISCOVER Cu-Zn-Pb MINERALIZATION

IN PURWOHARDJO AREA, WONOGIRI REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA.

1 1 1 1
VERNANDO P. HAREFA , R. ADITYA MANGGALA YUDHA , RADHITYA ADZAN HIDAYAH , BARKAH D. DILIANTO ,
2 2
1
BAYU B. PRABOWO2 , DZIKRU AMIRULLOH
GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING IST AKPRIND YOGYAKARTA, GEOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING UPN “VETERAN” YOGYAKARTA

INTRODUCTION GEOLOGY & ALTERATION DISCUSSION

The Southern Mountains region includes Wonogiri area, Central Java, 511250.000000 511500.000000 511750.000000 512000.000000 512250.000000 512500.000000 512750.000000
HARDROCK ENTHUSIAST In the research area there were several lithology units, Dacite Porphyry
m
RESEARCH GRUP PROJECT
composed mainly by volcanic rocks of Tertiary age. The Tertiary

5m

800 m
5
82

Tukul, Diatreme Breccia, Hydrothermal Breccias and Ijo Volcaniclastic

77
m

8°2'45"S
B

650 m
525
550

m
575
m
625 750

volcano rocks are scattered in the western part to the eastern part which

9109250.000000 9109500.000000 9109750.000000 9110000.000000 9110250.000000 9110500.000000

m

60 A GEOLOGICAL MAP (tuff, lava, volcanic breccia) intruded by Dacite Quartz Ijo. From the
is grouped into Kebo Butak Formation, Semilir Form ation, Nglanggran 0
m 72
5m
775
m
NGIJO AREA AND SURROUNDING
KARANGTENGAH DISTRICT WONOGIRI REGENCY

Formation, Mandalika Formation, and Wuni Formation (Samodra, H,

CENTRAL JAVA
geological map is assumed intrusion Dasit Quartz ijo is an ore bearing
that intrudes surrounding volcanic rocks. The alteration zone developed

8°3'0"S
Gafoer, S, Tjokrosapoetro, S, 1992). Some researchers previously stated

60

m
0
m

700

m
0
70
that the Southern Mountains were built by submarine volcanoes and on 67
5
m
SCALE
1:12.500
in the research area is Silisification Zone where the ore zone is found in

725 m
land. Based on the criteria of th e landscape, several ancient volcanic 675
m
LEGEND
Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe (strong oxide) vein. Chloritic Zone (Chlorite, Quartz,
Hydrothermal Breccia
eruptions were identified and among other things indicate the presence 62

8°3'15"S
5
m

Diatreme Breccia Smectite, Pyr ite) found Clay vein with disseminated pyrite. Argilic Zone
of mineral resources. These characteristics are commonly found in the

575 m
550 m

central facies of the volcano, which is alteration rock to mineralized. 50

0
m
m
Vulcaniclastic Ijo
( accresional lapili, tuff, lava andesite basaltic)
(Kaoline -Monmorilonite -illite-quartz) found mangan stockwork. Sericite

450 m
475

700 m
Dacite Quartz Ijo
Zone (sericite -clay, quartz carbonate sulphide vein in Diatreme) and
450 m m
675

Meanwhile, there are many mining activities of economic value are

60
425 m ( Strong oxide, ore zone )

0m
525 m
A’

8°3'30"S
350 m
Dacite Porphyry Tukul

m
40

m
B’

37
m

0m

650
650

625
5
mostly done in areas composed of volcanic rocks (eg Kulonprogo Non-Altered Zone. From the Geochemical Results some samp les were

m
111°6'15"E 111°6'30"E 111°6'45"E
Andesite Horblend Ijo
mountains, Selogiri and Pacitan) dominated by lava rocks, breccias and ( strong clay altered )
found Cu 5 -20%, Fe 35%, Zn 0.8%, Pb 0.2%, Sb 20 -30 ppm.
Fault Indicated
intrusive rocks.
B Geophysical survey in the research area using geoelectrical Induced
The Purwohardjo and surrounding areas are characterized by 750 A A’ 750
hydrothermal alterations associated with Iron -Copper-Zinc X X X
X
X
Polarization dipole -dipole method.
B’
500
mineralization. The type of mineralization that may have formed in ? ? 500 ?
X

Purwohardjo and its surrounding areas is not known clearly, it can be an ? ?

? ? ?
?
250 ??
epithermal type and possibly a porphyry t ype or another. This requires ? ? 250 ?
?
detailed research by geological alteration mapping methods and Figure 7 From left-rigth : Andesite intrusion, Dacite Columnar Joint, Tuff Lapili, Diatreme Breccia, Hydrothermal Breccia, Clay.

geophysical surveys to determine the state of sub -surface mineralization. From the data acquisition results obtained line measurement as much as
Which can then be used for guidance in the case of zoning and modeling Figure 3 Geological Map 12 line with the North-South trending and has a Length of about 400
of mineralized zones in the study area. .000000
511250.000000 .000000
511500.000000 .000000
511750.000000 .000000
512000.000000 .000000
512250.000000 .000000
512500.000000 .000000
512750.000000 meters. Measurements performed on the Ore Zone are indicated in the
m
HARDROCK ENTHUSIAST
m
RESEARCH GRUP PROJECT
55mm

255
8000m

882

Silisification Zone. An estimated zone of mineralization occurs at a

7777
m

8°2'45"S
m

80

8°2'45"S
m

m
552255

6500m
555500

mm

INTERPRETATION
65
557755

0mm
662255 m 77550
.000000
9110500.000000

REGIONAL
B cross section having an average resistivity range of 200 to 600 Ohm. m
.000000 9110500

GEOLOGY 6600
00 m
m 77225
5m
ALTERATION MAP
m
777755 m NGIJO AREA AND SURROUNDING

and a chargeability value of more than 300 msec. In t he area of

m
KARANGTENGAH DISTRICT WONOGIRI REGENCY
9110250.000000

CENTRAL JAVA

RESULT
.000000 9110250

mineralization research that occurs has a form of veins or vein system.

8°3'0"S

A
8°3'0"S
6600

m
00 m

GEOELECTRIC
m

770000

REFERENCES
mm
9110000.000000

00
7700

755
667
m
m SCALE
The pattern, orientation, and distribution of the vein are strongly
.000000 9110000

1:12.500
GEOMAPPING &
725m
725 m

ALTERATION Sericite Zone

( clay-sericite, quartz carbonate sulphide vein in Diatreme) controlled by pre - and syn- mineralization structures, such as the
9109750.000000

m
75 m
6675

66225
Argilic Zone
8°3'15"S

REGIONAL GEOLOGY
8°3'15"S

B’
.000000 9109750

extensional faults as pathways for t he precipitating hydrothermal

5 m
m

A’ (Kaoline-Monmorilonite-illite, quartz, Mangan stockwork )

m Chloritic Zone
57

550 m
5755m
9109500.000000

550

Based on physiographic division by van Bemmelen (1949), the research ( Chlorite-quartz-smectite-Pyrite ) solution. At the bottom of the cross section there are areas with high
m
.000000 9109500

000
m
m m
Silisification ( ore zone )
m

550 75 m
445500m

4475
70
7000m

area belongs to the Southern Mountain Zone of Java Island. This zone is m
450 m 5mm (hematite(Magnetite)-quartz-Limonite-Goethite-pyrite-malachite)
resistivity and chargeability values which may be indicated as possible
m

450 66775
6600

m
4255 m
00mm

42
552255 m
Non- Altered
9109250.000000

m
8°3'30"S

the largest physiographic unit that is dominantly composed of volcanic 335500 m

8°3'30"S
m
4400

m
5mm
m
3377

m
00mm

665500

0m
66550

porphyry mineral deposits, but they do not have surface geology data
66225
55 m
9109250

111°6'15"E 111°6'30"E 111°6'45"E Quartz Carbonate Sulphide vein

rocks and carbonate rocks. Several of High h ill morphology that exist
Clay vein, mangan stockwork. and drilling data so they have a high degree of confidence.
between volcanic rocks are thought to be intrusion rocks.
750 750 B 750
A 750
A’ B’
X
X X X
X

Figure 1 Emerging fertile segment of the deeply eroded oligo-miocene sunda (Rorhlach, 2011)
Referring to the Geological Map of Pacitan sheets (Samodra et all.,
1992) in the study area there are volcanic rocks that are grouped into the
Mandalika Formation, Arjosari Formation, and igneous rock intrusions.
The Se milir formations and the Watupatok Formation, which also
contain volcanic rocks, are scattered to the west and east of the study
area. Meanwhile, the Campur Darat Formation and Wonosari Formation
is located along the coast of the Southern Mountains; both a re arranged
by limestones. The Mandalika Formation (Tomm) is composed of lava,
volcanic breccias, and tuff sandstone. Lava in the form of igneous outer
rocks of gray to dark gray, very hard, composed by andesite to basalt,
local form of thick plate (platy joints) and stacked polar (columnar
joints). Some of these igneous rocks have undergone hydrothermal
alteration (chloritizing), making it greenish and localized contains pyrite
minerals. Breccia volcano is brownish -gray, generally has been decayed
into brown ground. The main composition of the fragment of andesite to
basalt, measuring 20-25 cm. Tufty sandstone is reddish -brown, generally
weathered, grain-sized fine-grain. The Arjosari Formation (Toma)
consists of tuff lapili and batulapili, gray -brown, massive, partly dilated
and weathered. Intrusion rocks vary from basal, andesite, to Oligo
Miocene dacite, also undergoing hydrothermal alterations and intruded
the Mandalika Formation. This formation is interfingering by the
Arjosari Formation, so its age is presumably the Oligocene End to the
Early Miocene. Both formations are allegedly formed in conjunction
with the activities of magmatism that produce igneous rock
breakthroughs in the Wonogiri-Pacitan region.
500
X
500 500 Figure 8 From left-rigth : Ore bearing quartz, specular hematite, strong oxide ore, quartz-malachite-sulphide- silisification
500
? ? CONCLUSION
? ? ??
250 250
250 ?? 250
1. Hydrothermal zone in the research area consist of argilic alteration
(kaolinite-monmorilonite-illite-quartz), Chloritic alteration (chlorite-
smectite-quartz-pyrite), silicified alteration (quartz-0xide (hematite-
limonite-goethite)-pyrite-malachite), Sericite alteration (sericite-clay-
GEOPHYSICS quartz-carbonate.
2. Ore minerals which is present sulphide minerals like pyrite,
chalcopyrite, covelite, sphalerite, galena and oxide mineral Hematite
(magnetite),limonite, goethite, manganese.
3. Mineralization system formed on Sub-epithermal Polymetallic system
(modified after Silitoe, 2010) which associated maar-diatreme
complex as late phreatomagmatic breccia. Clay alteration, vuggy silica
boulder and diatreme breccia were found interpreted as erotional base
of lithocap from Porphyry Cu system.
4. Point of interest from resistivity and IP pseudosection located at
bottom of the section , which is shown high resistivity and
chargeability values which may be indicated as possible porphyry
mineral deposits, but we don’t have surface and drilling data so it
can’t be confidence.
5. Referring to the interpretation of geological and geophysical data is
Figure 5 corelation of resistivity cross section in research area
also supported by geochemical data, the area that needs to be st udied
further is to the north of the research area, especially in the area of the
discovery of diatreme and hidrothermal breccias and vuggy silica
boulder.
- 6. In order to obtain a deep geological picture, further methods such as
drilling, geochemical data, Groundmagnet and CSAMT are required.

Figure 6 Corelation of Induced Polarization cross section in research area.

Research Area

REFERENCES

Abdissalam, R. [2009 ] Identifikasi Gunung Api Purba Karangtengah di

Pegunungan Selatan, Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah . Jurnal Geologi Indonesia,
4(4),253-267.
Sillitoe, R.H. [2010] Porphyry Copper System. Economic Geology, 105,
3-41.
Figure 2 Landsat Imaginery on research area showing a morphology horsesoe basin identified Figure 9 mineralization concept model of research area (modified after silitoe, 2010)
as Paleovulcano (Bronto S. et all, 2009 ) Idrus, A. et a l [2009 ] Endapan Epit ermal Logam Dasar Pb -Zn Daerah
Tirtomoyo, Kabupaten Wonogiri, Provinsi Jawa Tengah : Stud i Awal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTACT INFORMATION
Mengenai Alterasi Hidrot ermal, Mineralisas i Bijih dan Inklusi Fluida.
Majalah Geologi Indonesia, 24(1), 13-20. We would like to thank Mr. Adi Syarif Kurniadi (Exploration Geologist
Vernando Pratama Harefa ( author )
vernandogeo@gmail.com Linkedin : Vernando Pratama Harefa Samodra, H, Gafoer, S, Tjokrosapoetro, S. [1992] Geological Map of the PT. J Resources Nusantara Indonesia) for giving his time to disscussion
Whatsapp : 081328969175 Pacitan Quadrangle, Java, scale 1 : 100.000. Geological Research and about analysis of mineralization system and many more. We also give
Development Center , Bandung.
big thanks to PT. Bara Petro Sakti for giving access to get the data.
 GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSISC TO DISCOVER Fe-Cu-Zn-Pb MINERALIZATION
IN PURWOHARDJO AREA, WONOGIRI REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA.
1 1 1 1
VERNANDO P. HAREFA , R. ADITYA MANGGALA YUDHA , RADHITYA ADZAN HIDAYAH , BARKAH D. DILIANTO ,
2 2
1
BAYU B. PRABOWO2
, DZIKRU AMIRULLOH
GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING IST AKPRIND YOGYAKARTA, GEOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING UPN “VETERAN” YOGYAKARTA

INTRODUCTION GEOLOGY & ALTERATION DISCUSSION

The Southern Mountains region includes Wonogiri area, Central Java,
composed mainly by volcanic rocks of Tertiary age. The Tertiary
volcano rocks are scattered in the western part to the eastern part which
is grouped into Kebo Butak Formation, Semilir Form ation, Nglanggran
Formation, Mandalika Formation, and Wuni Formation (Samodra, H,
Gafoer, S, Tjokrosapoetro, S, 1992). Some researchers previously stated
that the Southern Mountains were built by submarine volcanoes and on
land. Based on the criteria of the landscape, several ancient volcanic
eruptions were identified and among other things indicate the presence
of mineral resources. These characteristics are commonly found in the
central facies of the volcano, which is alteration rock to mineralized.
Meanwhile, there are many mining activities of economic value are
mostly done in areas composed of volcanic rocks (eg Kulonprogo
mountains, Selogiri and Pacitan) dominated by lava rocks, breccias and
intrusive rocks.
The Purwohardjo and surrounding areas are characterized by
hydrothermal alterations associated with Iron -Copper-Zinc
mineralization. The type of mineralization that may have formed in
Purwohardjo and its surrounding areas is not known clearly, it can be an
epithermal type and possibly a porphyry t ype or another. This requires
detailed research by geological alteration mapping methods and
geophysical surveys to determine the state of sub -surface mineralization.
Which can then be used for guidance in the case of zoning and modeling Figure 3 Geological Map
of mineralized zones in the study area.
INTERPRETATION Research Area
REGIONAL
GEOLOGY

RESULT
GEOELECTRIC
REFERENCES
GEOMAPPING &
ALTERATION

REGIONAL GEOLOGY
Based on physiographic division by van Bemmelen (1949), the research
area belongs to the Southern Mountain Zone of Java Island. This zone is
the largest physiographic unit that is dominantly composed of volcanic
rocks and carbonate rocks. Several of High h ill morphology that exist
between volcanic rocks are thought to be intrusion rocks. Figure 6 Corelation of Induced Polarization cross section in research area.

CONCLUSION

Figure 4 Alteration Map

Figure 1 Emerging fertile segment of the deeply eroded oligo-miocene sunda (Rorhlach, 2011)
GEOPHYSICS
Referring to the Geological Map of Pacitan sheets (Samodra et all.,
1992) in the study area there are volcanic rocks that are grouped into the
Mandalika Formation, Arjosari Formation, and igneous rock intrusions.
The Semilir formations and the Watupatok Formation, which also
contain volcanic rocks, are scattered to the west and east of the study
area. Meanwhile, the Campur Darat Formation and Wonosari Formation
is located along the coast of the Southern Mountains; both a re arranged
by limestones. The Mandalika Formation (Tomm) is composed of lava,
volcanic breccias, and tuff sandstone. Lava in the form of igneous outer
rocks of gray to dark gray, very hard, composed by andesite to basalt,
local form of thick plate (platy joints) and stacked polar (columnar
joints). Some of these igneous rocks have undergone hydrothermal
alteration (chloritizing), making it greenish and localized contains pyrite
minerals. Breccia volcano is brownish-gray, generally has been decayed
into brown ground. The main composition of the fragment of andesite to Figure 5 corelation of resistivity cross section in research area

basalt, measuring 20-25 cm. Tufty sandstone is reddish-brown, generally

weathered, grain-sized fine-grain. The Arjosari Formation (Toma)
consists of tuff lapili and batulapili, gray-brown, massive, partly dilated
and weathered. Intrusion rocks vary from basal, andesite, to Oligo - REFERENCES
Miocene dacite, also undergoing hydrothermal alterations and intruded
the Mandalika Formation. This formation is interfingering by the
Arjosari Formation, so its age is presumably the Oligocene End to the
Early Miocene. Both formations are allegedly formed in conjunction
with the activities of magmatism that produce igneous rock
breakthroughs in the Wonogiri-Pacitan region.

Figure 6 Corelation of Induced Polarization cross section in research area.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CONTACT INFORMATION

Figure 2 Landsat Imaginery on research area showing a morphology horsesoe basin identified
as Paleovulcano (Bronto S. et all, 2009 )