UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MEMB331 – MACHINE DESIGN & CAD LAB

EXP. TITLE : HOOKE’S COUPLING EXPERIMENT

AUTHOR : MUHAMMAD AFIQ IRFAN BIN BUKHARI (ME0100658)

SECTION :1

GROUP NUMBER : 2

GROUP MEMBER:
1. JAY GANESH A/L KRIPAKARAN (ME099367)
2. AIDIEL ARIF NAZMI BIN HAIDEI (ME095376)
3. NABILAH IZZATI BINTI AZHA (ME099413)

INSTRUCTOR : DR. MOHD SYUKRI BIN YAHYA

Performed Date Due Date* Submitted Date
28/06/2018 5/07/2018 5/07/2018

*Late submission penalty: Late 1 day: 20%, Late 2 days: 40%, Late 3 days: 60%, More than 3 days: not accepted
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NO CONTENT PAGE

3
1 ABSTRACT AND OBJECTIVES

4-5
2 APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE

6-11
3 DATA, OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATION

12-15
4 ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

16
5 CONCLUSION

17
6 REFERENCE

2
 ABSTRACT

Hooke’s coupling experiment is about the investigation of various displacement for a single joint
at various angles and to prove that when two joints are used together with the same intermediate
angle, it will cancel out the variation in displacement. The apparatus that being used to conduct
this experiment is the Hooke’s Coupling apparatus and there are two parts in this experiment. As
for the first part, the left hand Bracket is set at angle 45˚ and the right hand Bracket at 0˚. Then,
the input shaft is rotated 10˚ each turn until it reached 360˚. As for the second part, both of the
hand Bracket is set at angle 30˚ at the same side and when finished, the processes are repeated
with the same value 30˚ but parallel to each other. The data obtained are recorded, tabulated and
graphed. The results obtained in first part showed that the increase in angle will also see the
increasing in displacement and velocity. The results obtained in second part showed that with the
same intermediate angle, we could see the constant with its displacement.

OBJECTIVE

1. To investigate the variation in displacement for a single joint at various angles.

2. To show that when two joints are used together with the same intermediate angle, it
cancelled out the displacement variation.

3
 APPARATUS

Hooke’s Coupling Apparatus

4
 PROCEDURE
 Part 1

1. The left-hand bracket was set up so that the angle, a1 between the shafts can be identified as
45°.

2. The other joint was set up so that the angle, a2 between the shafts equal to 0°.

3. Initially, the scale on the input shaft was set at 0° and the experiment was carried out by
rotating the input shaft by 10° increments for one whole rotation (360°).

4. The reading on the scales of both the input and output shafts was taken and tabulated.

5. Steps 1 to 5 were repeated with angle, a1 = 15° and 30°.

 Part 2

1. The two joints of the apparatus are set up so that both angles a1 and a2 were set at 30° and
bent at the same side.

2. Initially, the scale on the input shaft was set at 0° and the experiment was carried out by
rotating the input shaft by 10° increments for one whole rotation (360°).

3. The reading on the scales of both the input and output shafts was taken and tabulated.

4. The experiment was repeated with both angles a1 and a2kept at 30° but the input and output
shafts were set up so that they are parallel to each other.

5
 DATA, RESULTS AND OBSERVATION

Experiment 1

1 = 15˚

Input Output Velocity (m/s)

(Ɵ) Output (Ø) Tan (Ɵ) Tan (Ø) (theoretical)
0 5 0 0.087 1.034
10 15 0.176 0.267 1.032
20 25 0.363 0.466 1.025
30 36 0.577 0.726 1.016
40 46 0.839 1.035 1.004
50 56 1.191 1.482 0.993
60 66 1.732 2.246 0.982
70 75 2.747 3.732 0.973
80 85 5.671 11.43 0.967
90 95 0 -11.43 0.966
100 106 -5.671 -3.487 0.967
110 117 -2.747 -1.962 0.973
120 128 -1.732 -1.279 0.982
130 137 -1.191 -0.932 0.993
140 148 -0.839 -0.624 1.004
150 157 -0.577 -0.424 1.016
160 166 -0.363 -0.249 1.025
170 175 -0.176 -0.087 1.032
180 185 0 0.087 1.034
190 195 0.176 0.267 1.032
200 205 0.363 0.466 1.025
210 215 0.577 0.700 1.016
220 225 0.839 1 1.004
230 235 1.191 1.428 0.993
240 245 1.732 2.144 0.982
250 255 2.747 3.732 0.973
260 265 5.671 11.43 0.967
270 275 0 -11.43 0.966
280 286 -5.671 -3.487 0.967
290 297 -2.747 -1.962 0.973
300 308 -1.732 -1.279 0.982

6
310 318 -1.191 -0.9 0.993
320 328 -0.839 -0.839 1.004
330 338 -0.577 -0.404 1.016
340 347 -0.363 -0.230 1.025
350 356 -0.176 -0.069 1.032
360 365 0 0.087 1.034

7
Error: Reference source not found1 = 30˚
Input Output Velocity (m/s)
(Ɵ) Output (Ø) Tan (Ɵ) Tan (Ø) (theoretical)
0 5 0 0.087 1.155
10 14 0.176 0.249 1.139
20 24 0.363 0.445 1.111
30 33 0.577 0.649 1.065
40 42 0.839 0.900 1.014
50 53 1.191 1.327 0.966
60 63 1.732 1.962 0.924
70 73 2.747 3.271 0.891
80 85 5.671 11.43 0.872
90 95 0 -11.43 0.866
100 108 -5.671 -3.077 0.872
110 120 -2.747 -1.732 0.891
120 131 -1.732 -1.15 0.924
130 140 -1.191 -0.839 0.966
140 150 -0.839 -0.577 1.014
150 159 -0.577 -0.383 1.065
160 168 -0.363 -0.212 1.111
170 176 -0.176 -0.069 1.139
180 189 0 0.158 1.155
190 193 0.176 0.231 1.139
200 202 0.363 0.404 1.111
210 212 0.577 0.624 1.065
220 221 0.839 0.869 1.014
230 232 1.191 1.279 0.966
240 242 1.732 1.880 0.924
250 253 2.747 3.271 0.891
260 269 5.671 57.289 0.872
270 275 0 -11.43 0.866
280 287 -5.671 -3.271 0.872
290 300 -2.747 -1.732 0.891
300 317 -1.732 -0.933 0.924
310 321 -1.191 -0.809 0.966
320 331 -0.839 -0.554 1.014
330 340 -0.577 -0.363 1.065
340 349 -0.363 -0.194 1.111
350 357 -0.176 -0.052 1.139
360 365 0 0.087 1.155
1 = 45˚

8
Input Output Velocity (m/s)
(Ɵ) Output (Ø) Tan (Ɵ) Tan (Ø) (theoretical)

9
 0 5 0 0.087 1.414
10 7 0.176 0.122 1.372
20 20 0.363 0.363 1.267
30 28 0.577 0.531 1.131
40 38 0.839 0.781 1
50 48 1.191 1.110 0.891
60 59 1.732 1.664 0.808
70 71 2.747 2.904 0.750
80 84 5.671 9.514 0.717
90 98 0 -7.115 0.707
100 112 -5.671 -2.475 0.717
110 125 -2.747 -1.428 0.750
120 136 -1.732 -0.965 0.808
130 146 -1.191 -0.674 0.891
140 156 -0.839 -0.445 1
150 163 -0.577 -0.305 1.131
160 170 -0.363 -0.176 1.267
170 177 -0.176 -0.052 1.372
180 184 0 0.069 1.414
190 191 0.176 0.194 1.372
200 199 0.363 0.344 1.267
210 207 0.577 0.509 1.131
220 215 0.839 0.700 1
230 226 1.191 1.035 0.891
240 237 1.732 1.539 0.808
250 250 2.747 2.747 0.750
260 263 5.671 8.144 0.717
270 277 0 -8.144 0.707
280 292 -5.671 -2.475 0.717
290 306 -2.747 -1.376 0.750
300 317 -1.732 -0.932 0.808
310 328 -1.191 -0.624 0.891
320 337 -0.839 -0.424 1
330 345 -0.577 -0.267 1.131
340 352 -0.363 -0.141 1.267
350 358 -0.176 -0.034 1.372
360 365 0 0.087 1.414

10
Sample Calculations:

1. α1 = 15˚
Error: Reference source not found

Error: Reference source not found 1.266 m/s

2. α1 = 30˚
Error: Reference source not found

Error: Reference source not found 1.111 m/s

3. α1 = 45˚
Error: Reference source not found

Error: Reference source not found 1.266 m/s

Experiment 2

11
Error: Reference source not found1 = 30˚ Error: Reference source not
found1 = 30˚
Same side Parallel

Input Output Input Output

0 7 0 6
10 13 10 16
20 24 20 27
30 34 30 37
40 45 40 47
50 56 50 57
60 66 60 67
70 77 70 76
80 86 80 86
90 96 90 96
100 107 100 106
110 117 110 117
120 125 120 127
130 135 130 137
140 144 140 147
150 153 150 157
160 161 160 166
170 169 170 176
180 180 180 185
190 191 190 195
200 202 200 206
210 213 210 216
220 222 220 225
230 233 230 236
240 244 240 246
250 255 250 256
260 265 260 265
270 276 270 276
280 287 280 286
290 298 290 297
300 307 300 308
310 315 310 317
320 324 320 329
330 333 330 338
340 342 340 347
350 352 350 357
360 361 360 361

12
From experiment 1, the highest values of the output velocity for input angles 15, 30 and 45 is
when Error: Reference source not found = 0, 180 and 360.
For experiment 2, both parallel and same side type results showed the increased when Error:
Reference source not found increased too.

Graph output shaft angle vs input shaft angle

Graph tan(input shaft angle) vs tan(output shaft angle)

13
 Graph input shaft angle vs output shaft angle

Graph output shaft angle versus input shaft angle

14
 DISCUSSION
Based on graph 1, for the output shaft vs input shaft angle, it shows that the output shaft angle
displayed a linear increment as the input shaft increases. From the initial point of 0 0, the
difference between the input and output angle was to be 5 0. According to theory although the
value was supposed to be 0 but since there occurred error in the measuring device itself, it may
have caused the difference in the angle. At an input angle 15 0,300, and 450 the resultant output
angle was within 95 to 98. This result shows that there may have a slight difference in the input
and the resultant output angle which the error was caused by the device, same output angle can
be obtained which proves the first objective of the experiment. For every increment of 900, the
pattern of the graph increased then decreased until it completes a complete revolution.

From graph 2, it is seen that the output shaft angle (tan) experienced linear increment till θ = 80 0,
then faced a sharp decline starting from the angle 900 when the input shaft angle increases. This
set of graphical pattern continued till it reaches a complete revolution for 150, 300, and 450 . From
the plotted graph, it is feasible to say that the data is valid and proven from the equation:

Tan (θ) = Tan (ϕ) Cos (α)

Based on graph 3, the output shaft velocity can be seen dropping from the starting angle of 0 0 till
900 then rise till 1800. The highest velocity reached was at the angle of 90 0, 1800, 2700, and 3600
which was 1.034 m/s. The graph plotted was in the form of sinusoidal graph. It can be said that
the higher the shaft angle, the higher the abundancy or speed.

15
Graph 4 shows a linearly proportional graph. This can be said that the output shaft angle is
directly proportional to the input shaft angle. For both when the shaft are parallel and
perpendicular, it has just about 5-7 offset displacement. Since the objective of the experiment for
this part is to prove that when two joints are used together with the same intermediate angle, the
variation in intermediate displacement is cancelled out.

From the experiment, it was seen that when α1= α2, the variation in the intermediate
displacement is cancelled out as the output angle was close to the same as the input angle
keeping aside the device error. When α1 is not the same as α2, there would be some minor
intermediate displacement taking place.

16
 CONCLUSION

From this experiment, accomplishment of understanding the effect of displacement for a

single joint at variation of angles is achieved. From the analysis, it showed that a single joint
could be utilized for the round movement transmission starting with one hub onto the other. The
experiment has proved that the uprooting vacillations and the occasional speed could be required
by changing the edge between the shafts. Plus, it is proven that when two joints are at the same
intermediate angle, the variation in displacement will be cancelled out. This showed the
equivalent and inverse vacillations that along these lines, the general impact is a uniform and
smooth transmission as the shafts must make a similar edge with the middle of the road shaft.
Thus, one could say that the experiment is properly conducted so both of the observations had
been achieved.

17
 REFERENCE

1. MEMB331 : Machine Design and CAD Lab Manual, College of Engineering, UNITEN.
2. https://www.quora.com/What-is-Hookes-joint
3. http://interviews.tutorials9.com/interview/what-do-you-understand-by-the-hookes-
coupling-what-are-its-purposes.html

18