HINIGARAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

HINIGARAN, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

SUBJECT: EARTH AND SPACE

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learner must have
1. identify /name the types of seismic waves;
2. describe the characteristics of these waves;
3. locate/ determine the epicenter of a hypothetical earthquake; and
4. Compute for the distance of epicenter from the station.

II. Learning Tasks:

Subject Matter: Plate Tectonics: The Epicenter of Earthquake
1. Concepts:
•Earthquake is the vibration of the movement of the Earth’s plates
•seismic waves are released by an earthquake. There are three types:
1. Primary wave (P-wave)- travels faster than S-wave and both travel in the Earth’s interior.
2. Long surface wave (L-wave)- travels on the earth’s surface.
They travel in different velocities thus; they do not arrive at seismic recording station at the same time.
•The farther the recording instrument is from the focus, the greater the difference in arrival of the first P-wave
than the S-wave.
•The difference in the arrival time will tell the distanced of the earthquake’s focus from the seismic recording
station.
•Triangulation Method - is one method of determining the epicenter of the earthquake using the data from three
seismic recording station.
•Distance of the epicenter from the seismic station can be computed using the formula below:
d= Td x 100km
8sec
Where: d = distance (km)
Td= time difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave (seconds)
2. Skills: identifying, describing, locating/ determining epicenter, computing
3. Materials: compass, pencil, ruler, scaled map
4. References: G10 LM pp.8-10, TG, http:??www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBS7BKqHRhs

III. Development Tasks
A. PRE-ACTIVITY
1. Review/ Motivation
•What is earthquake?
•What are the seismic waves?
•What are the types of seismic waves?
B. ACTIVTY PROPER
A. Discuss the different seismic waves
B. Do Activity 1. Find the Epicenter from the LM pp.8-10

C. POST ACTIVITY
1. ANALYSIS
A.
1. What are the different seismic waves?
2. Which seismic wave travels along the Earth’s surface?
3. Which seismic wave travels fastest?
4. What seismic waves can travel in solid medium only?
5. What seismic waves can travel in both solid and liquid medium?
 B.
1.a What is the distance of the epicenter from Batangas? Puerto Princessa? Davao?
1.b Where is the epicenter of the hypothetical earthquake?
2. What difficulty will you encounter if you only have data from two recording stations?
3. What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station?
4. What do you think is the importance of determining the epicenter of an earthquake

2. ABSTRACTION
- What are seismic waves?
- How is the epicenter of the earthquake be located?
3. APPLICATION
Locate the epicenter of the earthquake given the data:
Davao = 540 km, San Fernando: 425km , Cebu = 180km

IV. Evaluation:
1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the different arrivals of seismic waves from first to last?
A. S waves Surface waves P waves
B. P waves S waves Surface waves
C. Surface waves P waves S waves
D. P waves Surface waves S waves

2. The vibration of the earth’s plates’ movement is called _______.

3. Which of the following seismic waves can pass through both in solid and liquid media?
A. P waves B. S waves C. L-Surface waves D. P and S waves
4. Which of the following seismic waves can pass through solid only?
A. P waves B. S waves C. Surface waves
5. How many seismic stations are needed to determine the epicenter of an earthquake using triangulation method?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

V. Assignment: