Re: why power factor occur only inductive load not in resistive ?

Answer
# 3
Because of the inductive property of load connected in
source lagging power factor is created. When voltage is
applied across the load current starts following through
the load. Due to the induction effect current is stored as
magnetic field around the coil (0 to 90 degree). After the
90' voltage instantanous value reduces and the energy
stored in load is starts discharging (90 to 180').
Like this in all part cycle some time difference is
happens. Power= Voltage x current
If we multipling these values with respect to the time we
can understand that.
In Leading power factor voltage is stored in load. When
load is capacitance property. Here all so same charging and
discharging happens in load. And net power across the load
is getting reduced due the time difference.
BUT IN RESISTIVE LOAD, NO CAPACITANCE OR INDUCTIVE
PROPERTY. SO NO CHARGING AND DISCHARGING IN LOAD. SO NO
POWER LOSS. SO VOLTAGE AND CURRENT ALWAYS IN SAME DEGREE
VALUE. SO NO ANGLE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE VOLTAGE AND
CURRENT. POWER FACTOR= COS()
()= DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
If this angle is 0 means,
Power factor= cos 0'
cos 0'= 1
That means maximum power utilisation.
Re: What is the difference between Relay and Contactor
Answer
# 5
First Clear Relay Means
1. Protective relay
2. Control Relay.
If talking about Protective relay (Example: over current
Relay, Electronic motor protection relay..etc)
so protective relay is for Protection of circuit
and functionally different from contactor.
they have only potential free contact at output which can
be used in control circuit.
if talking about control relay
1. Power relay (which have Change over contact with high
current capacity)
2. Solid state relay
3. Simple control relay. (Which have Change over contact
with low current capacity call SPDT)
This all relay has functionally similarity with contactor
that they are electromagnetic device (except SSR) but
difference
- relay have changeover contact (NO, NC& Common) while
contactor have power contact NO) & auxiliary contact (NO or
NC).
Main difference is
- Contactor is used to Control power Circuit while relay
are used for control circuit (except Power relay which is
now a days introduce for DC/High voltage application).
Re: What is the difference between Relay and Contactor
Answer
# 12
Answer #5 is the best one so far.
I think the question relates only to relays as switching
devices, not protective relays.
A "relay" is a solenoid operated switching device, having
one or more sets of change-over contacts, commonly used to
control (switch) other devices.
The contacts only "break" at one point.
A "contactor" is also a soleniod operated switching device,
but the contacts are discrete NO (normally open) or NC
(normally closed) contacts - not change-over. Contactors
are usually used to switch higher current power circuits
(as opposed to control circuits), such as motors and
lighting.
Contactors usually have three main poles which are fully
rated for its' AC3 rated current, and often a fourth
auxillary contact which is only rated at 10A AC1 - suitable
for control circuits only.
The contacts have a double-break - two points of break.
Re: WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF EARTHFAULT RELAY?
Answer
# 5
The function of earth fault relay is to to protect the
device from earth fault. there are 2 types of earth fault
fault relays
1.neutral ct conneted earth fault relay. it will sense the
current flowing through neutral while earth lerakage.
2.three phase ct's connected earth fault relay.in normal
condition the sum of three phase ct's current in zero.
when earth fault the sum of the 3 phase ct's curret are un
balanced that time relay acts.
Re: How does MCB operate without relay..?
Answer
# 3
simply saying,
RELAY consists of coil wounded on core and a contactor
If you saw a construction of MCB, an arrangement similar to
relay is made with nc contact and an external switch.
During normal operation, current flows through MCB relay
coil is not sufficient to change the position of contactor,
But on faulty condition, the fault current flows through
the MCB relay coil is sufficient to change the position of
contactor as from nc to no.
r u got it.
Re: WHY THE GENERATOR RATING IN KVA & MOTOR RATING IN KW?
Answer
# 14
Generator rating is given in kVA,as generator is the souce
and delivers power to load. Load may be resistive,inductive
or capacitive.A 10 MVA generator will deliver 10 MW load if
power factor is unity,however if the power factor of the
load is 0.8 then generator can deliver active power up to
8MW only.It is up to user who efficienly generator power
may be utilised. Therfore, manufacturer always specify the
generator rating in KVA or MVA.
On the other hand, motor converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy.Therfore,its rating is given in KW as
power factor of the motor remain constant.

Re: What is 100% protection of generator? Why 95% protection is used not 100%?
Answer
# 1
Generator having lot of protections rotar-stator wdg. earth
fault,over voltage,over current etc.
For that each relay having setting from 0-100 per. with
time period in seconds
According to type of fault we have to set the setting
example :- for earth fault protection we have set upto 50-
70per. because if we set to 100% every and each small
leakage relay trip
so my thinking is only that the setting of each protection
is depend up application of DG only on what load
Re: What is current chopping in CB?
Answer
# 1
current chopping in CB is the incident of arc current
interruption before normal current zero is reached.If This
current is enough to deliver a voltage which is greater than
restriking voltage then the arc will continue again. But
gradually the current falls and certainly the voltage also
reduces and finally fall down the restriking voltage and
ultimately arc is extinguished. It results in voltage
oscillation in the line which affects the electrical
equipments.
Re: What is the Difference Between MCCB & ACB & VCB
Answer
# 14
VCBs are used primarily for medium voltage circuits (11kV
in UK), due to their better arc quenching abilities (these
high voltages in ACBs or MCCBs would cause an arc between
the terminals and render the breaker useless).
The fundamental differences between ACBs and MCCBs are.
1. MCCBs cost far less than ACBs
2. MCCBs are better at lower interrupt currents (below
630/800A), ACBs are better at higher currents (800A and
above)
3. ACBs are a lot bigger and take up large sections of
panel that you might be able to fit 3 or 4 smaller MCCBs
into.
4. The main advantage is ACBs perform better under high
current short circuits, and will normally withstand for
long enough to allow a downstream device to open and clear
the fault, thus localising the short circuit trip.
5. ACBs are more easily serviced (particularly withdrawable
type).