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Index .......................................................................................................61
*Notes
Tickboxes
Cross-referencing
Defined on page XX
You will also notice other references within the text. These can
be referred to if the item is unclear but is not essential for achiev-
ing compliance.
Key point:
Within the text you will see:
Key point
These are key observations that must be observed.
Quite simply there are three directives that mainly affect a drive’s
safety against risks and hazards. These are:
Key point:
Electrical equipment that does not conform to the regulations
may not be sold anywhere in the EEA (European Economic Area).
What is EMC?
Key point:
It is important that all PDSs are immune to these natural and
man-made disturbances. While drives manufacturers strive to
make their products immune, the directive lays down minimum
standards for immunity, thereby ensuring all manufacturers
achieve the same basic level.
Key point:
In the case of power drive systems, a lot depends on the quality
of the installation.
Key point:
This will all become clear by referring to the section purchasing
decisions for PDSs, page 21.
Key point:
NOTE: There must be technical documentation supporting the
Declaration of conformity.
For more on technical documentation, please refer to pages
from 36 to 40.
Key point:
Turn to page 31 for more details about the end-user’s respon-
sibilities.
What about spare parts that I buy for a drive? Do I negate the CE mark if
I replace a component?
In summary
The EMC Directive defines equipment as any apparatus or fixed
installation. As there are separate provisions for apparatus and
fixed installations, it is important that the correct category of the
equipment is determined.
Some variable speed power drive products fall into this category,
eg, a drive with enclosure and sold as a complete unit (CDM) to
the enduser who installs it into his own system. All provisions of
the EMC Directive will apply (CE mark, Declaration of conformity
and technical documentation).
Some variable speed power drive products fall into this category
as well, eg, basic drive module (BDM). These are meant to be
assembled by a professional assembler (eg, panel builder or
system manufacturer) into a cabinet not in the scope of delivery
of the manufacturer of the BDM. According to the EMC Directive,
the requirement for the BDM supplier is to provide instructions
for installation and use.
Note:
The manufacturer or assembler of the panel or system is re-
sponsible for CE mark, Declaration of conformity and technical
documentation.
Finished appliance
All provisions of the EMC Directive, as defined for apparatus, apply to the
combination as a whole.
Apparatus
Fixed installation
Equipment
Key point:
Before turning to page 23, you need to know the following terms
for PDSs and their component parts, which may be unfamiliar
to many users.
Note: The load is not considered part of the PDS, but the
CDM can incorporate the supply sections and ventilation.
Feeder section
Field supply
Auxiliaries
Others
Driven equipment
or load
Please identify the type nearest to your job function and turn to
the relevant section
Machine builder
is a person who buys either a PDS, CDM or BDM and 25
other mechanical or electrical component parts, such as a
pump, and assembles these into a machine.
Note: A machine is defined as an assembly of linked parts
or components, at least one of which moves. It includes
the appropriate actuators, control and power circuits
joined together for a specific application, in particular for
processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material.
System designer 28
carries out all the electrical design of the power drive
system, specifying all component parts which comprise a
PDS.
End-user
is the final customer who will actually use the machine,
31
PDS or CDM/BDM.
Panel builder
constructs enclosures into which a panel builder will install
32
a variety of components, including a CDM/BDM and
sometimes the motor. However, the built enclosure does
not constitute a machine.
Continued overleaf...
Installer
carries out the entire electrical installation of the PDS. 35
Drive manufacturer
Installer Installer
- page 35 - page 35
End-user - page 31
2. You are also responsible for the electrical safety of all parts of
the PDS as specified in the Low Voltage Directive.
4. You must ensure that the PDS or its component parts carry
declarations of conformity in accordance with the electrical
safety requirements of the Low Voltage Directive.
To meet the Machinery Directive (see page 55) you need to:
overload current.
abnormal temperatures.
– PE terminal.
– conductive structural parts of the electrical equipment and
the machine.
– protective conductors in the equipment or the machine.
Defined on page 40
Key point:
Generally, must carry CE marking and have a Declaration of
conformity.
Path 1
All components have EMC compliance
Path 2
Defined on pages 36 - 46
Key point:
An end-user can make an agreement with the drive’s supplier
so that the supplier acts as the machine builder. However, the
end-user is still responsible for the machine’s safety.
The supplier who acts as the machine builder will issue a Dec-
laration of conformity when the work is complete.
The panel builder then has the same responsibilities as the drive’s
manufacturer.
2004/108/EC
EN 61800-3
2006/95/EC
EN 61800-5-1 or EN 50178
Additional actions
The panel can be either sold on the open market or use as part
of a machine. For each option there is a different requirement:
Key point:
The Declaration of incorporation CAN NOT be used to apply
CE marking.
RESPONSIBILITY: e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t m a n u f a c t u re r,
system designer, panel builder, OEM,
installer
Key point:
The full content of the technical documentation are given on
pages 36-39.
How to make up a TD
1. Description of the product
i. identification of product
a. brand name.
b. model number.
A technical file is the internal design file which should show how
and where the standards are met and is all that is needed if self
certifying the equipment by the standards compliance route.
Machine design
Certificate of Adequacy
APPLIED TO: machines / safety components
Key point:
The Certificate of Adequacy provided should be included in
the technical file.
Statement
APPLIED TO: electrical equipment
Key point:
The statement provided shall be included in the technical
documentation.
Report
APPLIED TO: electrical equipment
Key point:
The report provided should be included in the technical docu-
mentation.
9. the place and date of the declaration as well as the identity and
signature of the person empowered to draw up the declaration
on behalf of the manufacturer or his authorised representative.
Declaration of incorporation
APPLIED TO: machines or equipment intended for
incorporation into other machinery
This declaration will show the standards that have been applied
to the parts of the system within the manufacturer’s scope.
Only then can the machine or system builder use the Declaration
of incorporation in his technical file of the machine.
Key point:
Most manufacturers will include a Declaration of incorporation
covering the Machinery Directive for all built PDS products.
6. the place and date of the declaration as well as the identity and
signature of the person empowered to draw up the declaration
on behalf of the manufacturer or his authorised representative.
Type certification
APPLIED TO: machines and safety components
Competent authority
A competent authority in any EU or EEA country supervises
markets to prevent hazardous products being sold and marketed.
They can also withdraw such products from markets.
Notified body
A notified body issues type certificates for products, which have
their own directives and/or require type testing.
There are two ways to show that a power drive system or part
of it conform:
Key point:
It is recommended to use technical documentation even when
standards are harmonised as it makes it easier to show conform-
ity afterwards, if required by authorities.
Directive or standard?
The legislation of the European Union is defined by different
directives.
XX EN 60204-1
where
First environment
– environment that includes domestic premises, it also includes
establishments directly connected without intermediate trans-
formers to a low voltage power supply network which supplies
buildings used for domestic purposes. Houses, apartments,
commercial premises or offices in a residential building are
examples of this kind of locations.
Second environment
– environment that includes all establishments other than those
directly connected to a low voltage power supply network
which supplies buildings used for domestic purposes. Indus-
trial areas, technical areas of any building fed from a dedicated
transformer are examples of second environment locations
The standard divides PDSs and their component parts into four
categories depending on the intended use
Description
Placed on the market. Free movement based on compliance with
the EMC Directive. The EC Declaration of Conformity and CE
Marking are required.
Description:
Placed on the market. Intended only for professional assemblers
or installers who have the level of technical competence of EMC
necessary to install a PDS (or CDM/BDM) correctly. The manu-
facturer of the PDS (or CDM/BDM) is responsible for providing
Installation Guidelines. The EC Declaration of Conformity
and CE Marking are required.
PDS with rated voltage less than 1,000 V, intended for use
in the second environment.
Description
Placed on the market. Free movement based on compliance with
the EMC Directive. The EC Declaration of Conformity and CE
Marking are required.
Description
Category C4 requirements include all other EMC requirements
but radio frequency emission. They assessed only when it is
installed in its intended location. Therefore category C4 PDS is
treated as a fixed installation, and thus has no requirement for
EC Declaration of Conformity or CE Marking.
The directive concerns all machines but not those like lifts, which
have a specific directive.
Key point:
As far as drives are concerned, the new version of EN 60204-1,
ed. 5, is already published. The old and the new versions can
be used until June 1, 2009. After that date only the new version
shall be applied.
On its own, the complete drive module (CDM) does not have
a functional value to the user. It always needs its motor coupled
to the driven load before it can function effectively. Thus, it can-
not carry the CE marking based on the Machinery Directive.
2006/95/EC
Key point:
Most manufacturers will include a Declaration of conformity
covering the Low Voltage Directive for all built PDS/CDMs.
These are drives built into an enclosure, which can be wired
up to the supply and switched on without any further work being
undertaken. This is in contrast to an open chassis (BDM), which
is a component and needs an enclosure.
Key point:
Without the Declaration of conformity the CDM could not carry
the CE marking and therefore it could not be sold within EEA
countries and therefore could not be used legally in any system.
EMC Directive
How does the EMC Directive affect my drive?
2004/108/EC
Key point:
Most drives bear CE-marking. Newertheless, some cases drives
are part of the machinery or process equipment/system and
classified as components they are not included into the EMC
directive.
Yet it is the entire system or machinery that must meet the re-
quirements of the EMC Directive.
Key point:
It is the responsibility of the person who finally implements the
system to ensure EMC compliance.
Summary of responsibilities
If some of the directives result in CE marking, the PDS (or CDM or BDM)
can be CE marked with the corresponding Declaration of conformity.
Machine
Technical Declaration
documentation of
conformity
PDS
* ** ** *
Notified
body **
for Statement
MD,
EMCD
and LVD
Competent authority
A L
abnormal temperatures 27 Low Voltage Directive 11, 56, 57, 59
apparatus 34, 38
M
B machine builder 23, 24, 25, 40, 41,
basic drive module 22 46
BDM 22, 31, 32, 35, 57, 59 machinery builder 35
Machinery Directive 11, 40, 41, 46,
C 55, 59
CDM 22 MCC 37
CE mark 32, 34, 59 microprocessor 12
CEN 48, 49 mobile radio transmitters 12
CENELEC 48, 49 motor 22
certificate of adequacy 41 motor control centre 37
competent authority 47, 60
complete drive module 22 N
components 30, 34 notified body 40, 41
component supplier 29, 30, 33
conducted emissions 51 O
control circuit diagrams 40 OEM 24
overload current 27
D
Declaration of conformity 29, 30, P
31, 34, 57, 59 panel builder 23, 24, 32
Declaration of incorporation 34, 35, parameters 16
59 PDS 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,
distributor 24 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 48, 57,
drive 22, 24 59, 60
phase-shift transformer 21
E portable car telephones 12
EEA 11, 15, 47, 48, 57 power drive system 22, 59
electrical safety 25, 26, 31, 32, 50
electromagnetic compatibility 53 S
EMC 11, 29, 30, 33, 36, 39, 57, 59 safety component 40, 41, 46
EMC Directive 30 screen 12
EN61800-3 33, 50 self certification 15, 16, 37
end user 23, 24 sensor 22
ETSI 48 short circuit 27
EU 11, 49, 59 single functional unit 29, 30
EU Council Directives 1, 11 standards 39, 40, 46, 48, 50, 51
European Union 48 system designer 23, 24, 30, 35
systems 1, 3, 9, 12, 13, 21, 48, 50,
F 51, 53, 55, 57, 59
Faraday cage 51
filter 30, 33 T
frequency converter 21, 58 TD 33, 35, 36, 38
technical construction file 38
H technical documentation 15, 28, 29,
harmonics 9, 50 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 42, 47, 48
harmonised standard 48, 49 technical file 27, 59, 60
type certificate 27
I type certification 46
IEC 49 type examination certificate 46
indirect contact 26
installation 22 W
installation guidelines 29, 30 walkie-talkies 12
installation instructions 18
installer 24
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