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IAEA
CO-ORDINATED RESEARCH PROGRAMME
ON BENCHMARK STUDY FOR THE SEISMIC
ANALYSIS AND TESTING OF WER-TYPE
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Wolfcl Beratc.-.uc W e n i e u r c G m b H + Co • Tosr' ••:. 12 64 - D-97201 Hochberg ' ^ u o - H a h n - S t r . 2 a - D-97204 H o r ' - ^ o r g * Tclefon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date ; December 1995
Of t h C V V R R
100
° Kozloduy N'PP Page : 1
Beratende Ingenieure
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Data base
3. Procedure of analysis
5. Results
5.1 Free vibrations
5.2 Stress Analysis
6. Conclusions
7. References
9. Figures 1-22
Wollel Bcraicnde in;- -cure GmbH + Co * Posifdc"- '2 64 - D-97201 Hochberg * Cm i Iahn-Str.2a - D-97204 Hociib'- -j ' Telefon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date : December 1995
° f t h c W E R 1 0 0 ° Kozloduy N'PP P;ige : 2
Beratende Ingenieure
1. INTRODUCTION
From the first period of the IAEA-programme floor response spectra are
available as seismic input for components like the main steam line. The floor
response spectra correspond to the seismic input of the maximum earthquake
level for Kozloduy with horizontal peak ground acceleration of 2 m/s^ and
an annual probability of exceedance 1 * 10~V It conforms to the safety
level SL-2 earthquake according to IAEA safety guide /I/ and also corresponds
to the safe shut down earthquake (SSE).
The calculations for this report are established by different computer codes
following the German standard of the nuclear technical committee (KTA, /2/)
and the ASME-Code /3/ respectively. For the maximum earthquake level of
Kozloduy (SL-2) in the sense of KTA and ASME-Code service level D is assumed
to be relevant. This conforms to load group L3 (accident conditions) of the
IAEA safety guide.
Additional to the common global analysis of the pipe maximum local stresses
are analyzed. In the steam generator wall near one of the nozzles the maximum
stresses are calculated using WRC /4, 5/. With a refined 3-D finite element
model the detailed stress distribution is evaluated for one of the tees at
the steam collector.
JlfcJ Beratende Ingenicure Ci- ii + Co * Postfach 12 64 - P ' "_01 Hochberg * Ono-Hahn-St: ., - D-97204 Hochberg * Tclefi vJ931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
Beratende Ingenieure
The calculated stresses are less than the Class 2 and Class 1 limits for
service level D given in the Codes. For the piping system the utilization
is 57 Z for Class 2 and 46 1 for Class 1. According to the detailed analyses
for the SSE load combination (service level D) the utilization of the tee is
52 Z and the one of the steam generator wall near nozzle is 32 Z.
Regarding the assumed prestress of the spring supports the force rate for the
springs under SSE is less than 87 %.
The anchor forces at the decoupling point in the wall should be superimposed
with the ones of the adjoining pipe which is not investigated in this report.
Wolfe! Berat^nd'- I;igcnicure GmbH + Co * Porr:,*;h 12 64 - D-97201 Hochbug * ',)tto-Hahn-Str.2a • D-97204 H^ : v.crg ' Tclcfon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: [December 1995
Wolfel
Beratende Ingenieure
of the W F . R 1000 Kozloduv NPP Page: 4
2. DATA BASE
The detail drawings are not supplied completely with dimensions. Therefore
some dimensions are best estimated out of the drawings. The piping material
is assumed to be ferritic which is important for the evaluation of allowable
stresses. The weight of insulation is estimated, too. In Table 1 the used
cross section data as well as the distributed masses are comprehended.
Wolfel BcrLiicnlc Ingenicure GmbH + Co * F'^fach 12 64 - D-97201 Hoc hoc r- "' Otto-Hahn-Str.2a - D-972&4 f'S/hbcrg * Tclefon (0931) 49708-^
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam 1 .inc 2 Date: December 1995
Of
"'C W H R 100
° Kozloduv NI>1
' I>a
Sc" •>
Beratende Ingemeure
3. PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS
The primary circuit of the NPP VVER 1000 consists of four loops (Figure 1)
and is situated within the containment at a level of up to 35 m. One of the
four main steam lines, line no. 2, is chosen for the earthquake analysis.
The part of the piping system close to the steam generator starts with the
steam collector (630 x 25, length 11.34 m) which is connected with the steam
generator wall by 10 small pipes 219 x 16 fixed to the generator wall by
short nozzles with reducer. The branches at the collector (630 x 25) are
reinforced. On the free length of the main steam line (630 x 25) until its
fixed point at the wall of the containment it is supported by 5 spring
anchors (e. g. Figure 6 ) . The free length is about 41 m. At the steam
generator snubbers are installed to prevent horizontal movements. As a worst
case assumption for loads due to restrained temperature displacements the
steam generator is chosen to be axially fixed under the closed end of the
steam collector. Decoupling for analysis of the described piping system
between steam generator and fixed point at the containment wall is in
accordance with mechanical decoupling criteria, as e. g. stipulated in the
KTA/2/. Therefore the investigations are limited to this part of the main
steam line (Figure 7 ) , decoupled from the remaining primary circuit.
For the calculations two different FE-models (beam model for global pipe and
shell model for local tee) are established.
The calculation model for the global behaviour of the piping system contains
the complete system between steam generator and fixed point at the wall of
the containment. The known loads of normal operation are calculated in
addition to earthquake load. They are combined in a different way for
assessment of strength of the pipe itself and as input for the strength
analysis of anchors as well as of nozzles.
According to the Codes (/2/, 131) for the piping system stresses due to
restrained free end temperature displacements are classified secondary and
therefore have not to be considered for the SSE load combination.
Wolf'ci ;jcr---jiidc Ingemeure GmbH + Co " ! oslfach 12 64 - D-97201 Hoch' rg " Otto-Hahn-Str.2a - D--/!?r> ilochberg ' 'J'elcfon (0931) - l " ~ S-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Sicam Uric 2 Date: December 1995
\A/fSIfPl ° f the W E R 100
° Kozloduy NI'P Page: 6
Beratende Ingenieure
Action forces on anchors and nozzles are calculated for the load
combinations:
Because the design of the branches does not comply with the design rules of
the KTA 121 or the ASME-Code /3/ the applicability of the stress intensity
factors of these codes is not sure. Thus for the tee at the steam generator
with the greatest stress resultants from the global analysis a detailed
stress analysis is established using a 3-D FE-model with shell elements as
the second FE-model.
Additional to the stress analysis for the pipe maximum stresses in the steam
generator wall near nozzles are evaluated using the KTA 121 and WRC-Bulletin
The stresses are checked for a Class 2 component. Within this research
programme the piping system with its global behaviour is also checked for a
Class 1 component. Additionally, the difference will be shown in the results
(part 5 ) .
Beratende Ingenieure G m t i ! - Co ' Postfach 12 64 - D-972U' : iochberg * Otto-Hahn-Str.2u - ''-77204 Hochbcrg " Telcl'on , o ' r : -49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of ihe Main Steam Line 2 Dale: December 1995
of lheVVPR 100 K o z | o d u N P P Pa e: 7
Wolf©! - ° y s
Beratende Ingenieure
For the global analysis of the piping system the computer code R0HR2 is used
/6a/. A geometry plot of the calculation model is shown in Figure 8. Besides
the beam elements for the straight pipe the special piping additionals like
flexibility and stress intensity factor of bends, reducers and tees are
regarded. The flexibility of the 10 conical nozzles in the cylindrical wall
of the steam generator are calculated separately. Spring elements are
introduced into the beam model of the pipe to account for these
flexibilities. Vertical spring elements account for the 5 spring anchors
between steam collector and fixed point at the wall of the internal
structure. The masses are lumped on the structural nodes of the model
according to their real distribution.
With this FE-model the known load cases of normal operation as well as the
dynamic earthquake loads are analyzed. For the spring anchors a prestress
concept is chosen so that under dead load no vertical displacements occur for
the pipe at the spring supports. For prestress the fixed point at the
containment wall as well as the connections to the steam generator act as
supports.
Pipe stresses from dead load and internal pressure are calculated for
superposition with the ones from earthquake load.
For the performance of strength of the different anchors and of the nozzles
stress resultants are calculated from deadload, global expansion according to
internal pressure, earthquake and additional from thermal expansion. For the
worst case assumption that the steam generator is axially fixed under the
closed end of the steam collector the nozzle displacements according to
temperature expansion of the steam generator grow with distance of the
nozzles from the fixed point of the steam generator.
Wolfcl HcralciKl: i::genicurc G m b H ~ Co ' i'<v ,;h 12 64 • 0-97201 Hochbcr;; ' ; ; u o - H a h n - S t r . 2 a • D-972O4 I K .;ocrg ' Telcfon (0931) 497U8-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Dale: December 1995
°f thC W H R 100() Kozlodu
V NPP Pa
Sc: S
Beratende Ingenieure
During the first period of the IAEA benchmark studies different sets of the
floor response spectra were produced for the Kozloduy NPP VVER 1000 (Jordanov
/7/, Rostov /8/ and Krutzik 191). They all use as input the stated maximum
earthquake level (SL-2 EQ) for Kozloduy with horizontal peak ground
z
acceleration of 2 m/s and an annual probability of exceedance of 1 * 10" .
The seismic input for the chosen part of the main steam line is taken from
/10/. The spectra (damping D = 2 X) for the three dimensions of space are
documented in Figure 9 assuming that they represent one component
respectively. They are regarded to envelope all 16 supporting points of the
piping system. Uniform excitation is applied for all piping supports. In a
refined analysis multi support excitation should be applied presumed the
response spectra of the steam generator and of the internal structure as well
as containment wall differ significantly.
All calculations are linear, applying the response spectrum modal analysis
for full dynamic analysis of earthquake excitation. The responses to
excitation of the three spacial directions are superimposed by the SRSS-ruIe
including missing mass correction for higher modes to get the resulting
earthquake response.
Additional to the stress analysis for the pipe including reducer as well as
short nozzle at the steam generator maximum stresses in the steam generator
wall near nozzles are evaluated using Welding Research Council (WRC)-
Bulletins (/4/, 15/) for the applied mechanical loads and KTA /2/ for
internal pressure. The nozzle with the maximum applied external loads from
the global pipe analysis is chosen for this assessment.
Wolfel Bcrat" Je Ingenicurc GmbH + Co ' r ,,-i'ach 12 M - D-97201 I-iochr>c - " Otto-Hahn-Str.2a • D-972U-1 ' V^hberg " Tclcfon (0931) 49
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
of thc V V E R 1 0 0 K o 7 I o d u NPP Pa c: 9
° - y 8
Beratende Ingenieure
Because the tees at the steam collector do not agree with the design rules of
the KTA and of the ASME-Code, a refined 3-D FE-modei with shell elements is
generated tc investigate linearly the stress distribution for combined static
loading by internal pressure as well as forces and moments acting on the
branch. Figure 10 shows the geometry plot of the 3-D FE-model developed by
the Finite-Element Code NISA /6b/.
The set of applied external loads is chosen from the global pipe analysis.
The calculated stresses can be compared with the ones of the global pipe
analysis with a used stress index according to ASME-Code.
Wolfcl Bcratcnck r..acr- ^ r e G m b H + Co ' Postlncl, I" -,. - D-97201 Hochbcrg " G \ i o " : ! i n - S l r . 2 a - D-97204 llochl,cr<' ' iclcfon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Mam Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
of thc v v r i R 1 0 0 Kozlodu N1>p P a c : 10
° y s
Beratende Ingenieure
5. RESULTS
For earthquake design of the investigated piping system global stability and
integrity is requested. The anchors are responsible for the global stability.
Integrity is proved by limitation of the stresses in the pipe itself.
Following the codes (HI, /3/) to reach these two aims different loads have
to be combined for the pipe itself and for the anchors as described in part 3
of this paper.
The analysis of the free vibrations which results in mode shapes and modal
parameters is the basis for the investigation of the dynamic load cases like
earthquake. Looking at the floor response spectra (Figure 9) the frequency
range up to 20 Hz is sufficient to be regarded in the earthquake analysis.
Wolfe! Beratende i,i<i<- -ire GmbH + Co * Posila,n '" :A - D-97201 Hochbcrg ' Guo-' !:;hn-Str.2a - D-97204 Hochl-cn- • Tclefon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
of the W E K 1000 Kozloduy NPP Page: 1!
Beratende Ingenieure
The modal parameters of the first 15 modes with frequencies between 2.9 Hz
and 26.7 Hz are reproduced in Table 4. The modes of the frequencies below
10 Hz are shown in Figures 11 to 17.
In the second mode with a frequency of 3.2 Hz the pipe between the collector
and the fixed point at the containment wall moves in horizontal direction.
Deformations of the collector appear for frequencies greater than 7 Hz and
are dominant in the modes of 13.3 Hz and 16.8 Hz.
With the stresses and reaction forces from the global static and dynamic
mechanical analysis assessment of integrity of the pipe and of strength of
the anchors is possible. From the stress resultants acting on the nozzles at
the steam generator and on the tees of the collector the most unfavourable
sets are chosen to calculate the stresses in the steam generator wall near
nozzles and the detailed stress distribution at the tee with the means
described in 4.2.
The stress rates from Class 2 and Class 1 check of the pipe are equal or less
than 57 Z for Class 2 and 46 2 for Class 1 for the earthquake load
combination.
Wolfel B e r a t c t l r '-.jjenieurc GmbH + Co ' Postf -r. 12 64 - D-97201 Hochbcig * ' ?!io-Hahn-Str.2a • D-97204 Hor>-",rg * Tclcfon (0931) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
of the W E R 1 0 0 K o z l o d u N p p Pa c: u
° y s
Beratende Ingenieure
The maximum stress results of the detailed analyses for the collector tee and
near nozzle in the steam generator wall are documented in Tables 5.2 and 5.3
considering normal operation (service level A/B) as well as SSE-load
combination (service level D ) . For classification of local membrane stresses
according to operation pressure (P = 67 bar) + mechanical loads dead load
(DL) and restrained thermal expansion (Tm) as primary stresses Pj^ the
stress rate for service level A/B is 98 Z (241 / 246) of allowable stress due
to ASME-Code and 89 I (241 / 270) of allowable stress due to KTA-rule. The
calculated stresses are dominated by the pressure term.
The increase of primary stresses according to SSE is small (14 N/mm 2 ). Thus
the sum of local membrane stresses 255 N/mm2 (52 %) is considerably less than
the allowable stress intensity of 491 N/mm2 for service level D.
For the steam generator wall (t = 150 mm) near nozzle the stress result is
dominated by the pressure term, too. Thus for service level A/B (P = 67 bar)
the stress rate is 64 I (158 / 246) of allowable stress due to ASME-Code and
59 I (158 / 270) due to KTA-rule. For the load combination SSE the stress
utilization is less than 35 I.
Table 6.1 gives the calculated reaction forces for fixed point at containment
wall which should be compared with allowable forces, unknown to the authors.
Wolfcl lk:aie".:c Ingenicure GmbH + ( x ' 'V-stfach 12 64 - D-97201 Hoc!,be-- • Otto-lIahn-Slr.2a - D-97C04 ' iuchberg * Tclcfon (0931) A')llfi
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Sicam Line 2 Date: December 1995
Wolfel
Beratende Ingenieure
of the VVER 1000 Kozloduv NPP Page: 13
6. CONCLUSIONS
The analysis of the main steam line of VVER 1000 NPP Kozloduy is based on
design data as well as on assumptions for missing data which are details of
material, geometry and masses.
Assessment of strength globally for the pipe and detailed for the wall of the
steam generator and for the tee at the collector is established according to
the ASME-Code and KTA respectively for Class 1 and Class 2 components. For
the maximum earthquake level (SL-2 EQ) of Kozloduy service level D (IAEA load
group L3) is assumed to be relevant. The seismic input is taken from 1101
which is one response spectrum for each direction of space.
Under the described conditions the investigated part of the main steam line
is assessed to remain stable and integer during an earthquake. Strength of
material at local discontinuities (tees, nozzles) is predominated by the
pressure term of normal operation.
The earthquake response would decrease using the more convenient response
spectra for A X instead of 2 X damping.
wolfel Reratcnde Ingenieure GmbH •*- CO ' Postfach 12 64 - D-972ul ".vhberg " Otto-Hahn-Slr.2a - P V/204 Hochbcr" ' Tclelon (U'J?" •;9708-0
Seismic Evaluation of Ihe Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 199i
WfSIf Pl ° f the V V E R 100
° Kozloduy NPP Page: 14
Beratende Ingenieure
7. REFERENCES
/I/ IAEA Safety Series No. 50-56-D15, Seismic Design and Qualification for
Nuclear Power Plants, A Safety Guide, IAEA, VIENNA, 1992
/3/ ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 1
Subsections NB Class 1 Components and NC Class 2 Components (1986
edition)
/4/ Wichman, K.R., Hopper, A.G. and Mershon, J.L.: Local Stresses in
Spherical and Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings, WRC Bull.
No. 107 (Ang. 1965, revised March 1979)
/5/ Mershon, J.L., Mokhtarian, K., Ranjan, G.V. and Rodabaugh, E.C.: Local
Stresses in Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings on Nozzles -
Supplement to WRC Bulletin No. 107, WRC Bull. No. 297 (Aug. 1984,
revised Sept. 1987)
Wolfel Beratendc In»er : ^:e GmbH + Co * Postfach !f .; - D-97201 Hochbcrg ' Otto-: i_:-,;i-Str.2a • D-97204 Hochbcrg ielefon fO93!) 49708-0
Seismic Evaluation of the Main Steam Line 2 Date: December 1995
Wolfel
Beratende Ingenieure
of the W E R 1000 Kozloduv NPP Page: 15
/9/ Krutzik, N.: Dynamic Analysis of the Reactor Building for Soft
(Kozloduy) and Hard (Temelin) Soil Conditions and Different Seismic
Loading, Co-ordinated Research Programme on Benchmark Study for the
Seismic Analysis and Testing of WWER-Type Nuclear Power Plants, Volume
3A, May 1994
/ll/ Boyadjiev, Z.-. Letter dated 01/08/95 (NPP Kozloduy), received 14/08/95
Bcnjtende Ingenicurc Gmh 1 ! + Co * Postfach 12 64 - U-'r •'..: Hochbcrg * Otto-Hahn-Sir.?: • D-97204 Hochberg ' Teiefun ' .l..Tl) 49708-0
Wolfel
Beratende Ingenieure
R
m / MPa 54 c 520 491
R
p 0 .2 / MPa 34 3 334 306
6
<*t* 1 0 / K 11 .5 13.1
E (300uC) = 1 . 9 5* 1 0 5
N/mm2
Class 1 Class 2
1 ^c 1o h 2 ^c 2 _h
ASME:
3"Sy
S = min 1 j.S~. - - S ' ?-s ?-s
4 u 4 U 3 y • 3 y
KTA S = mm 1 HT 1 R RT i T
S = mm \ -»R
m |* R P0-2 I 4 m' TT6 PO.2 1 T ~ 6 " R p 0 . 2
ASME, KTA:
"§'
3
participation factors participation of mass mode summed participation mass o>
c CD
Mode Eigenfrequenz SMWX SMWY SMWZ MBX MBY MBZ SMBX SMBY SMBZ
No f Hz 1
1 2.919529 .101E-02 - .894E-03 -.928E-01 .517E-04 .406E-04 .438 .517E-04 .406E-04 .438
2 3.178092 .714E-O1 -.660E-01 .920E-03 .259 .221 .430E-04 .260 .221 .438
3 4 .958570 -.530E-04 .174E-O3 -.320E-02 .143E-06 .153E-05 .519E-03 . 260 .221 .4 38
4 5.557082 .630E-01 .799E-01 -.714E-04 .202 . 325 .259E-06 .461 .546 .438
5 7.062523 - .616E-01 - .221E-01 .983E-03 .193 .250E-01 .492E-04 .654 .571 .438
6 8.234281 -.145E-01 .653E-02 .466E-01 .107E-01 .217E-02 .110 .665 .573 . 549
7 8.337282 .230E-01 -.766E-02 .292E-01 .268E-01 .299E-02 .434E-01 .692 .576 .59 2
8 11 . 256548 .196E-02 -.339E-02 .839E-02 .195E-03 .586E-03 . 358E-02 .692 .577 .596
9 13. 294765 -.447E-O1 .577E-01 .139E-02 . 101 .169 .978E-04 . 793 . 746 . 596
10 16 . 809721 .388E-01 .445E-01 .677E-03 . 767E-01 .101 .233E-04 .870 .847 . 596
11 18.390503 .819E-02 .288E-01 -.590E-02 . 341E-02 •423E-01 .177E-02 .873 .889 . 598
12 18.797525 -.573E-02 -.184E-02 - .269E-01 .167E-02 .173E-03 .367E-01 .875 .889 . 6 34
13 24.185347 -.320E-03 .105E-02 -.312E-02 .521E-05 .558E-04 .496E-03 .875 .889 .635
14 24.313839 .544E-02 -.167E-02 .254E-02 .151E-02 .142E-03 .328E-03 .876 .890 .635
15 26.714510 -.620E-02 .190E-01 .199E-03 .196E-02 .183E-01 .202E-05 .878 .908 .635
Wolfel
Beratende Ingemeure
Table 5.2 Detailed maximum stress result for collector tee, P = 67 bar
all P p 42
-m
Pi 193
?1+Q 227
A/B DL+P+T m p
l 241 246 (270)
DL+T m p
l 48
D DL+PrT m +SSE p
i 255 491 (491)
all P p
l 157
Pl+Q 182
W . . . n o z z l e displacement
G maximum
K minimuiD
S - No.P D / kN P / kN Pmax / kN p
/ p max
+
A D+ I
L i n e MS2 P o i n t
Coordinate System of Support :
L5 S
PI = 5
U //6 2x475 N| MM
P2 = 6 P3 = 16
Is*
CD —
XS= -.259 .966 .000 YS= -.966 -.259 .000 ZS= .000 .000 1.000
Numerical values are with respect to the local coordinate system
DEAD LOAD _ .02 - .03 .01 -.01 .11 .00 .000 .000 -38 .382 .000 .000 .000
INTERNAL PRESSURE .56 -1.98 - .02 .00 .00 -.21 .000 .000 - .017 .000 .000 .000
TEMP. 29 7 DEG C 11 .43 -65.22 - .99 .27 -.03 -3.01 .000 .000 - .945 .000 .000 .000
T+VV (297 DEG C) 4 .64 -74 .21 - .54 . 39 - .09 - 3 . 71 .000 .000 - .510 .000 .000 .000
SEBXYZ-XYZ 11 .43 12. 18 19.91 1.80 .97 .67 .000 .000 18 .914 .000 .000 .000
VV...nozzle displacement
SERVICE LEVEL A 5.18G -.03G .01G 38G .11G .00G ,000G 000G -38. 382G .000G .000G .000G
-.02K -76.22K -.55K 01K .02K -3 .9 3K .000K 000K -38.909K .000K .000K .000K
SERVICE LEVEL D 16.61G 12.16G 9.92G 2. 18G 1.08G .67G .OO0G 000G -19.468G .000G .000G .000G
•11.44K -88.40K 0.4 6K -1. 81K -.95K -4 .60K .000K 000K -57.823K .000K .000K .000K
G maximum
K minimum
Reactor W E R 1000
Steam-generator
Pressuriser
Emergency cooling water tank
Main circulation pump
Main circulation line 990x850
Main steam line 630x25
Feed water line 426x24
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Title: Piping systems, containment
pre-stressing and steel ventilation
chimney