STUDENT TEXT

merican
anguage
k.

ourse

Defense Language Institute

English Language Center
 Preface
The American Language Course (ALC) ig a comprehensive, multílevel language program fbr
Uíaching English for vocational and profeagional purposes, It ia designed primarily for Intensive
English language training in a classroom setting, but can easily be adapted íbr slower-paced
instruction. The ALC's curriculum has been developed by the Defenae Language Institute
English Language Cenler (DLIELC), which is s ITS Dfpiírtment of Defenae achool underthn
operational control of the US Air Forcé, The primury fo^ua of the ALC ia to provide a language
curriculum for a diverse International military populatíon, To that end h the cnurse .¡u-i m les nnt
only general English topics, but also military topics of a general naturo highlighünK tho typical
language military personnef will encounter in their professfonal and vucuíiontil cárter fielda,
The ALC has, however, also been very successfully used in non-military Icnrning environments
and in US high schools with immigranl studenl populations.

Course components
The coordinated instfuctional packages forBooks 1-30 tünsiatof the following;
>- Student text (ST)
> Instructor text(lT)
> Homework and evaluation exercises booklct (HW and EE}
>• Audio recordings (tape or CD)
> Language laboratory activities student text (LLAST)
> Language laboratory activities instructor text with audio scripts (LLAIT1
>• Computer-deliver^d interactive multimedia inatructiou (IMI)
> QUÍE kit
>• Optional training aids

inquines and orders

Please address inquiHes and roquests for more informatíon abuut DLIELC publications to
DLIELC/LESL
2235 Andrews Avcnue
Lackland Air Forcé Base, Texas 7H2:ítí-ó259
E-moü: LE5L@lacklsnd.ai:mil
© 2006 by Defense Language Instítute English Language Center and its licensorSr Notice of
Rights:All rights reserved. No part of thts book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any meana, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, wílhout the
prior written permission of Lhe publisher.

This book aupersedes ALC Book 14 Student Text, January 1991.

Second Edition, June 2006
Second printing, April 2007

600K14
ALC Book 14: Scope Á Sequence, Lessons 1-5

Vocabulary Funclions

ff
flanfts antf Ms/Qite > Ask aboul
& report the
Regular & Irregular plural
count nouns
>• Listen S selecl topic
* Military career * Lieten & selecl mam idea
identificalion
apportunities Jus¡ lor recent past & soori x Listen & select title
ot people 1or irnmedials íjijra:
*• Mililary ranks & according to f Read S, select lopic
insignia > 1 fiavejüsMimsheú. >- Read £ wnle a süinmary
ñame * mlltlary
> \ will 5¡wn go home.
fank > Read 5 giwan oral
fls + adj oradv + asto surnrnary
express [injequality > Timed reading (1 rninule) S
•- MatlisnTas ísflssBob. answerequestions
Futura progrsssive lense > Complete a paraphrase
> We will be lesvlrig soon

2 Farms antí ranches >- Askforfi; give Adverbs of degr&e: > Listen 4 ñetñcl tapie
•-. descnptions of etíremety, qwte, ralher, - Listen 4 solee) mam idea
> Farros & ranches placea really, so, terribty, veiy • Listen Si selecl tille
in the US
^ Growing & Clausea witfi when fi, where >• Read & select topic
harvest nr apples /f-clauses for present or ^ Complete a paraphrase
íjlure probabllliy
tf-clauses lor indefinita past
probability

3
u
Happy btrfhday lo > Make Gerund used as subject or >• Listen Swrile Topic
youl deduclions Ob|GCt Oí |i V¡"MÍ "10 "i * Listen 5 wrile main idea
abouT I he > Swimmingts lun. * Listen •-, -vrile litio
t- Binhdays presen!
^Birthday gifts Mltsf& mustnotlw >nead£writetopic
dedjctlon or proba biLily * Timed reading (1 minute) a
=- A óu-priM
> Sam isn't here. answer 6 questlons
birthday party
He musíbesick •• Complete a paraphfasa
> An interview with
Ewo deans Modal review for necessity.
lack oí necessity.
prohibilion, futura action
¡ orcond ilion, general
requests

4 A tacarfon pfomise > Ask aboul, Quglr¡ fator giving advice * Listen & write main Edea
T
clanfy, & report --Listen Swrile tille
+ Vacaíion plans
whal someone Reporied speech with said • Listen & wrila Iransitional
> Using the else has said nr totíand modals will, WUILJ-b
LLFJ~|rH C

Interne! to plan be golrig ic, musí, have

atrip * Read & wnte topic
[o, noí have lo. mu$r not
y. Flying To Seattle - Read & wnte a surnmary
Comparaiive adverbs » Read &grve anoral
bstter than, worse than. summary
& supe rlative adve rbs :>.'.•
tjesi, & ¡he worsí

5 fJevtew
Lesson 5 reviews all vocabulary S sTruclures inlroduced in Leasons 1 - 4,

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COUPSE

Notes to the Student
The American Language Course focuses on four cornponents of language learning:
vocabulary, gmmmaücal structures, tanguage fitnctions, ancl skills.
• The lessons present vocabulary (individual words as well as expressions) that the
learner needs to understand and use in order to communicate effectively in English.
Each new lesson builds on the vocabulary of the previous lessons. The language
included is appropriate for leamers working in professional and vocational contexts.
A significad feature of the General English phase of the ALO is that military
vocabulary is included wherever applicable.
• The presentation of grammar is carefully sequenced, The grammatical stmctures
presented in the lessons are the forms a language learner needs m order to speak
and write standard English. New grammar is oflen depicted in charts nr tablee that
serve to focus the learner's attention on the particular structure being presented.
• Language functions are the ways we use a language to coramunicate, In each lesión,
cxercises that focus on functions show the learner how and when to use certain
words, phrases, aod sentences.
" In addition- language and academic skills exercises are interspersed throughout Lhe
lessons. These focus on developing the learner's language proficíency in listening,
speaking, readingt and writing.
The Scope and Sequence chart located on the previous page shows the contení of the
current book. The ibur columns outline the new material as :t relates to the languagñ
acquisition components described above. Each lesson begins svilh a lable of contents
followed by a preview page, The preview page provides a suinmary of the new material
presented in the lesson. Each ALC book has foor lessons introducing new material
and one review lesson. These are followed by a homework section and daily evaluution
exercises. Varióos appendices are also included.
The homework and the evaluation exercises are at the batk of this text. It generally
takes about two hours to complete the daily homework assignments. The evaluation
exercises are short quizzes that give both the teacher and the student feedback on how
well student« have learned the material,
The sppendices follow the fifth lesson. Appendix A provides an alphabetical list of
new vocabulary presented in this book- The number of the lesson in which eachword
or phrase is introduoed is provided next to the entry. Appendix B presents a list of
grammatical structures introduced in the book; a lesson number is provided along with
each entry for easy reference. The other appendices are included as reference materials.

BOOKM PñEFACE
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN lANGUAGE COURSE

Book 14 Contente
LE3SON1: US Military ranks and insignia 1
LESSON 2: Fkrms and ranches - — .,. 35
LESSON 3: Happy birthday to you! 61
LESSON 4: Avacation promise 93
LESSON 5: Review .,., 119
APRENDICES:
A: Word List A-l
B: Structure List B-1
C: TheEnglishAlphabet C-l
D: American English Sounds ..,.. D-l
E: List of Contractions -...-,.. .......... E—1
F: Spelling Rules for Regular Past Tense Verbs F-l
G: Principal Parts of Sorae Irregular Verbs G-l
H: Patternaof Irregular Verbs H-l
!: Punctuation and Capitalization 1-1
J: Lesson Resources ........ *.*-*-* ,.,.*.* J-l
B14L1 #1 Liatening akill J-3
B14L1#2 Writingskill J-5
B14L1 H3 Reading skill J-7
B14L2W1 Writingskill J-9
E14L3 «1 Reading skill J-ll
B14L3 #2 Writing akill J-13
B14L4 #1 Listening skill J-15
K: US Military Ranka, Gradea, and Insignia K-l

HOMEWORK: HW-1

EVALUATION EXERCISES: . EE-1

BOOK 14 PREFACE
- USER NOTES -

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CGURSE

US Military ranks
and insignia

VOCABULARY: Career oppartunities in the armed fbrcefi 3

Thinking about enlisting ín the military 6
US Military ranks and insignia 7
GRAMMAR: Future progres sive: rtfi// + BE + verb-ing 8
READING: Idcntifying the topic 11
VOCABULARY: US Gfficerranks and grades (Q-ltoQ-6) 12
US Eniisted ranks and grades (E-1 toE-6) 14
DIALOGS: Askingfor and reporting military identifícation . . . 18
GRAMMAR: Usíng OH + atijective + os to expresa uquality . . . . . 20
Using ají + adverb + as to expresa equality 23
LISTENING: Identifying the topíc, mam idea, and tille .26
READING: Writing summarics 27
Summarizing a textorally 28
GRAMMAR: Using just and soon 29
WRIHNG: Working with paraphrasee 31
READING: Reading faster íor better comprehension , , . . . , . 33
GRAMMAR: A review of plural nouns . 33

BOOKI4 LESSONT
 Preview What's new in Lesson 1?

ALLVOCABULARY
Nouns Verba Navy ranks
armed forcea assign captain
assignment be assígned commander
bar be prometed
chance be stationed lieutenant
duty be up for lieutenant commander
íullow-on training (FOT) enlist IÍ9utenant juniur grade
forcé promote petty officer
grade serve seaman
insignia station se a man appr entice
Marine Corpa train se aman recniit
opportunity
personnel Other Other military ranks
promolion advanced a ir man basic
recruit basic airman first class
retirí?ment enlisted corporal
serví ce retired lance corporal
station noncommissioned ofílcer
training Military pay grades (NCO)
E-l - E-6 prívate
O-1-O-6 private lirst class
sénior airman
specialist
staff sergeant
technical sergeant

GRAMMAR STRUCTURES
We have two cars and two children-
I have just ñnished studying.
I will go home soon.
Matt ia now as tall as his father.
We will be leaving tomorrow moming.
'
LANGUAGEFUNCTION
Ask about and report the Idsntrflcation oí
people by ñame and military ranfc.
I need your full ñame and rauk.
My oame is Greg Miller, and I'm a
n'eutenaiit in tho Navy.
Tliis is Lieutenant Miller.

AMERICAN UVNGUAGE COURSE

 Vocabulary Career opportunities in the armed torces

WHAT CAN THE MIL1TARY 01TIÍR YOIJ?

«liliAl CAKEEU OPPORTIJNITIES AND MORE!
The chance to ¿e stationed in the
US or other countries around the
world

Moiiey to pay for your education

Guaranteed training in a carecr
field of your choke in the armed
fárces
and time to study f or a h igher
degree
* Opportunities íor promotion that
push you to do your best
* Medical insurance for all
personnél and tkeir familias
* A chance for retírement which
leaves you enough time for a
serand career

Interesting ííssígnments,
oxeo llcnt training, and
iniportant dutíes

BOOK i4 LESSON 1
EXERCISE A Read the ad on the prevlous page and answer true orfalse.

1. A person who chooses a military career will have many opportunities.

2. A military career gives you a chance to have interesting BSsignmenLa.

3. Military personnel usually live in only one place and do not travel.
4. You wiil have traíning in courses that will help you finiah high st'liuul.
5. You can be atationed in many places in the world.

6. In the military, there is almost no chance for a promotion.

7. The people in the mílitary have a medical insurance plan.

8. Military personnel never get a chance for retirement,

9- Medical insurance will pay for a house for you and your family.

10. Military personnel often have time to start a second career after they
retire from the military-

EXERCISE B Match each vocabulary item wlth its meanlng.

1. opportujiíty a. instruction to learn how todo a Job

2. armed forces b. work someone asks yuu to do or complete

3. trainíng c. people who work for the military or a company

4. duties d. a chance to do or see something

5. retirement e. e movp up to a more important Job orhigher rank

6. promotion f. the different things a worker must do on the Job

7. personnel g. a countr/s military

8. assignment h. the time after a person has stoppecí working in a

certain career

ftMERlCANL^NGUAGECOUBSE
 Vocabulary Thinking about enlísting in the military

Jim: Dití you see the ad in the nfjwspaper about opportunities in the military?
Alex;Yes, I read it this morning. I think I'm going to enliat,
Jim: Which of the services are you thinking oí?
Alex:I'd like to join the Marine Corps, but I don't know what nty dad will say.
Ynu see, he waa in the air forcé, and he's a retired noncommissioned
officer. He went into retirement two years ago after he served 20 years. I
know he'd líke me to join the air forcé,
Jim: Oh, I see.
Alex; Let me tell you about my dad's military career. He was a recruit ul age 17
and went through basic training to beuome an airman. The commandere
selected my dad each time he was up for promotion, ao he wus uble to
move through the ranks, About 10 years ago, he was stationed at Miller Air
Forcé Base near here. I was about eight years oíd then. My dad was
promoted to staff sergeant soon afterwe arrived. With that rank t he
became an NCO. His duty station waa at the local base, and we moved
into town so I could go to school. Two years ago, my dad retired \vith the
rank of master sergeant- He had a great career and appreciated the
opportunities the military gave him.

EXERCISE A Work with a partner. Wrlte sentences to answer the questrons.

1- What'sAlex thinking about doing?

2. In which of the armed forces doos AJex want to enhst?

3. Did any of Alex's relatives serve in the armed forces?

4, How ]ong was Alex's father in the service?

5- How did Alex's dad become a noncommisaioned iifficer?

BOOKU LESSON1
EXEHCISE B Read the conversation and answer the questlona you hear.

Jim: Did you ever live in Germany or Japan during your dad'fc military career?
Alex: Both, He was assigned to severa! bases in the US, too. He saya his
servicc was always interesting because he was ab]e to chance career
ftelds a few times. Each time he changed, they stationed hiin in the US
again and assigned him to a follow-on training base. They trained
him to do new things well. He also took university classea in hia frt!t¡
timo and got an advaoced degree in computar science, The military
paid for all of his education. I know the air forcé was good for my dad,
but I'd líke to go into a different service. I'd like to be a marine,
Jim: Why's that?
Alex; Because the Marine Corpa is a special forcé. It'fl one of the Bmallest
of the military forces.They don't accept everybody who wautü lo join.
They give you great training. Also, marines alwaya arrive first in
places that have problema. They get the most cxciting assignments.
Jim: Are you sure you should go jnto the military right cmt of high school?
They don't promote eníiated servicemen to officer ranks, OfTiccrs
need a college degree. If you study fírst> you'll have a better chance
to be an ofElcer
Ales: That's a good idea. Til think about it.

EXERCISE C Write the verb that ís used to make the noun.

NOUN VERB NOUN VERB

1. asaignment 4. training

2. promotion 5. retiremenl
3. service 6. education

EXERCISE D Ash your partner these questions. Trien report to the

1. What's your rank, and when did you join the service?
2. Where did you do your basic training or ofñcer training?
3. Tell me about your folbw-on training.
4. Have you been promoted in the past year, or are you up for a promotion aoon?
5. Have you taken advanced miliLary or university classes? What were thcy about?
6. Have you ever been assigned to work outside of your own country?

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COUHSE

 Vocabulary US Military ranks and insignia

The US military is made up of several different

armed forcea. In this lesaon, you will learn about the
insignia of military grades that personnel in the US
Army, Air Forcé, Navy, and Marine Corps wear on their
uniforma. Later En this lesson, you'll seo insignia for the
officer grades O-l to O-6 and for the enlistad grades E-l
to E-6. You'll see the higher grades in a later ALC book.
The insignia that soldiers, airmen, sailors, marines,
and officers wear on their unifornis is made of metal or
cloth and is an identification of rank. Officer insignia can
be stars*, bara, leaves, or birds. The insignia of enlisted
personnel usually has one or more strípes. These stripes
may be in the shape of the letter V — a shape called a
chevron. Officers and enlisted have several different
uniforms, and they wear their insignia in different
places on them. Uniforms may have insignia on the
collar, shoulder boards, sleeves, or on a cap, hat, or beret.
The insignia on military uniforms allows people to
quickly see which person has a higher rank and who
may give orders, The military grade with its letter
and number allows people to compare ranks between
the different. military services. Military personnel
can't know everyone they see in the íleld, at foíEow-
on training (FOT) bases, rníTitary academies, and
universitíes, so the insignia tells servicemen and
women how to politeJy greet other military personnel
and how to correctly address them by rank.

* Stars are insignia for general officer ranks O-7 through 0-10,

BOOK ü LESSON 1
 Grammar Future progre&sive: will + SE + verb-ing

Atthistimeon
Saturday, Til be driving
to Houston. What will ni be studying for
yon be doirtg? my

Presen t: Future:
2 p.m. Friday 2 p.m..Salurday
1 p.m. | 3 p.m.
I v J'M
SSfSfSfSHffSffSSft
Ai 2 p.m, l'U be driving toHoiiston.
At 2 p.m, ril be studylng English,

*** Thls tense describes plans that will be In progre&s al a certain time or during a
length of time in the futuro.

EXERCISE A Repeat the dialogs after the instructor

1. Lt Lee: Will the colonel be speaking tonight?

Lt Cox: Yes, he will. He1!! be speaking for two hours.

2. Bill: Will Paul be enlisting in the navy after graduation?

Kent: No, he won't. He'll be enlisting in the army after gruduaEion.

3. Stan: When will you be studying tonight?

Steve: I'll be studying from 6 to 7 p.m.

4. Sam; Where will you and Ann be going un vacation thia suminer?
David: We'31 be going to England,

5. Nancy: What will yuur son be doing nest month?

CaroL: He'll be preparing to go to college.

AMERICAN LANQUAGECOURBE
 EXERCI5E B Use the chart below lo underline the future progressIve rn Ex. A.

I loill (not) be studying tonight-

mu be Atudying
you tonight?
What teíf? be doing

EXERCISE C Answer the questions wlth future progresa i ve sentences.

Numher 1 is ari example.

John's
9:00 a.m. - wafk to eghool
11:00 a.m. - start math clase
1Z:3O p-rrin - eat lunch
2:OO p.m. - exercise at the 0ym
4:30 p,m. - 5tudy ¿it the fibrary
7:00 p,m- - eat dinner with párente

1. Will John be eating dinner at 12:30 p,m.?

No, he won't. hje'll be eatfng lunch. / He'll be^eating dinnerpt 7p.m.

2. WiJJ John be walkíng to school at 9:00 a.m.?

3. When will John bt-exercising at the gym?

4. Where will John be atudying at 4:30 p.m,?

5. Whatwill John be doing at 11:00 a.m.?

6. Write your own question here. Tkeft ask anoíker student.

LESSON1
 EXERCISE D \r\ paire, complete the sen ten ees using the future progres si ve.

Then underline ihe future time phrat¡e$ in the answers. Number 1 ¿s an exampfa

1. Every afternoon from 3 to 4, we exercise at the gym.

At 3:30 this afternoon, . we'll be at the gym.

2. Every year, Steve works in Europe frora Muy to September.

Steve in Europe in July.
3. Every morning, Tom and I meet at 9 a.m. at the office, hut tomorrow I have a
doctor's appointment at 9 a.m.
Tomorrow morning, I s Tom at 9 a.m. at the office.

4. On Sunday, Jerry will visit his parents from noon until 8 p.m.
Sundsy aftemoan, his parents.

5. My friends are going to the malí tonight. I can't go becauae I have to study.
I with my friends to the malí toni^ht,
6. We'll eat dinnerbetweenS and 9p r m.
At 8;30 p.m., . .
7. They often leave at 5 p.m, but today they have too much work to Leave un limo.
They at 5 p.m. today.

EXERCISE E Use the future progressive to complete the seníenees.

Use yoar uwn schedute.

1. In two hours,.
2. Tonight,
3. At S:30 a.m. tomorrow, .
4. At 9:00 p.m. tomorrow,
5. Next Sunday at noon,
6. Nextmonth,
7. In six montha,
AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE
 Reading Identifying the topic

Read ihe text, and selecí the topic.

Armed forces enlisted personnel have aaluted
ofñcers with a hand salute for hundreds of ycars.
Many people believe that soldiers began saluting in
Europe. These soldiers used to wear suíts made of
heavy metal to cover their bodies. Metal also
covered their heads and faces. When two soldiers
met, they would raise their hands to lift the cover
from their faces. They would a]ways do this with
their right hand because the left hand was hoJding
the horse. The salute was an ímportant sign
beuause it showed that a soldier was a friend and
wouldn't hurt another soldier. It showed the
personé face, and most importantly, the salute
removed the soldier's right hand from his weapon.
After many years, aoldiers stopped wearing metal Tlie topiu of the text is
to cover their faces and bodies, but the military a. military personnel
salute remained, Military uniforms and weapons b. military weapons
are differenl today, but the military salute is still c. military umfnrms
an importan! part of Ihe amied forces. d- Üie mililary aalute

EXERCISE Read the text, and select the topic.

How far are you from retirement?

Are you iiue months away? Fíve rnoney exercise and health
years? Twenty-five years? II's family part-iime employmenT
never loo late oí loo early lo slarl house üecisions íravel and fun
plannincj for your reliremerl. If
you make ttie righl decisions Ñame
now, you will be happjer in your Adcíress
laler years. Order a free booklet
íhat discjsses impoítaní lopics: Phone E-mail

The topic of the text is

a. retirement money
b- retirenient years
c. retirement plans
d. retirement houses

BOOKT4 LESSON1
Vocabulary US Officer ranks and grades (O~1 to Q-6)

ARMY AIR FORCÉ MARINE CORPS NAVY

0-6
Colonel Colonul Captain
(COL) (Col) (Col) ÍCAPT)

G-5

f VU MÍ i Lieutenant Colonel Lieutsnant Colonel Communder

(LTC) (U Col) (LtCo!) (CDR)

0-4

Majar Major Commander

(MAJ) (gold) (Majj (gdd) (LCDR)

0-3

Captain Captain Captain Lieutenant

(CPT) (Capt) (Cap tí (LT)

O-2

First First Lieutenant Firet Lieutenant Júnior

ULT) (lEtLt) (IfitLt) Grade (LT JG)

0-1

Second LieutenEinL Second Licutenant Second Lieutenant

(2LT) (goldí (2d Lt) {gold) C2ndLt) (gold) (ENS)

AMERICAN LANGÜAGE COURSE

 EXERCfSE A Listen and repeat the sentences you hear.

1. An O-6 in the US Navy is a captain. 4. An 0-3 in the navy ís a lieutenant.

2. An O-5 in the navy is a commander. 5. An O-2 in the navy is a lieutenant
júnior grade.
3. An 0-4 in the navy ¡s a líeutenant
commander. 6. An O-l in the navy is an

EXERCISE B Wlth a partner, use the chart toanswerthe qnestlons orajly.

EXAMPLE: Wbat's an O-6 in the US Marine Corpa?

An 0-6 ín the US Marine Corps Is a

1. What's an G-5 in the Marine Corps? 5. What'a an O-2 in the US Air Forcé?
2. What'sanO-2intheUSArmy? 6. What's an O-l in the US Army?
3. WhatTs an O-4 in the US Navy? 7. What'sanCKlintheUSNavy?
4. What's an O-4 ¡n the Marine Corps? 8. What'ñanO-5in the US Air Forcé?

EXERCrSE C Sean the chart on the opposíte page, and fill in the blanks.

US Service Rank Abbreviatjon Grade

1. Air Forcé captain

2. Navy LT 0-3

3. Army colonel
• r i .*.

::& . Navy CAPT

5, Marine Corps major O-4

ENS
i. second lieutenant 2dLt
:;&;,' Marine Coipa O-2
9. Nevy CDR
O._ ^ LTC O-5
Parksand abbrevialions 12/05

BOOK IJ LESSON 1
 Vocabulary US Enlisted ranks and grades (E-1 to E- 6)

ARMY AIR FORCÉ MARINE CORPS NAVY

E-6
NCQ*
StaffSergeant Technical Sergeant SLaff Sergeant Petty üllicer
(SSG) (TSgt) (SSgtl FirsLClaBB{POl)

E-5
NCQ*
Sergeanl StaffSergeant Patty Officer
(SGT) (SSgt) <SgtJ Second Clastí (PO2)

E-4
Corporal (CPLJ

Sénior Airman Corporal Petty üifeer

Specialist (SPC) ÍSrA) (Cpl) Third Ctatítí (P03)

E-3
Private First
Claas AJrraan First Lance Corporal
(PFC) ÍA1C) (LCpl) (SN)

E-2
Prívate E-2 Airman Private First Claas Seamiin Apprentice
(PV2) (Amo) (PFC) C5A)

No insignia No insignia NÚ insignia No insignia

E-1
Prívate E-1 Ainnan Basic Prívate Seaman Recruit
IPV1) (AB) (Pvt) (SR)
Panksand abDrevialions 12/05
*NCO ia a noncommissiGned officer, Some corporals are also NCOs.

IANGUAGE COURSE
 EXERCISE A Write the abbrevlation and grade for each US rank.
Number 1 is an

Rank Abbreviation Grade Piopcr address

1, airman basic E-1 "Airman (Jones)"

2. airman ^Airman (Jones)"
3, airman firat class ''Airman (Jones)"
4, prívate first class "Prívate (Jones)"
5. corporal "Corporal (Jones)"
6. specialíst "Spccialidt (Jones)"
7- tech sergeant "Sergeant (Jones)"

EXERCJSE B Write the US Navy ranks ¡n arder from lowest rank to highest.

1 eeaman E-1
petty officer Ist class E-2
reaman recruit E-3
petty offieer 3rd claas E-4
seaman apprentice E-5
petty officer 2nd class E-6

2. lieutenant júnior grade O-l

lieutenant coramandcr 0-2
lieiiteoant 0-3
captain O-4
commander O-5
ensign O-6

BOOM 14 LESSON 1
 ^:*fol-^j>a Cross out
^ ^^^
the rank that doesn't belong ¡n each group.
m

1. MARINE CORPS 2. AIR FORCÉ 3. ARMY

second lieutenant prívate gpecialist

cap tai n techrycal sergeant prívate E-2

commander staff sergeant Btuff sergeant

1 leu teñan t coloael airman petty oíficer 2nd dasñ

colonel airman basíc corporal

^sT s jfi!>l:j Select the correct word and write It in the blank.
^ B^ —*_HI— "^ ^^

Ttlíví***^** nava ™c. * reprimir íVipt wa«a 19H nní'PElnnf

assignment / oppQrtunity

2- All career military get medical insurance.

personal / personncl

3- Tbe US Navy Seaman Smith to petty oíficer 3rd class.

prometed / stationed

4. People who teach swimming need to bo swiimncra.

advanccd / basic

5. Many 3^oung people _ after Lhey ñnish high achool.

enlist / station

6. Two hundred and fiñy new entered the military tuday.

recruits / gradea

1. My \vife is a promotion this year

up for / assigned

8. I büijght a computer book for beginners- It has only Information.

basic / advanced

9. TheUSmiLIlary perKonnel in many countries.

ñtationa / starts

10. Military personnel wear on their u ni forros.

insignia / grades

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 EXERCISE E jJsten to the dictajjpn and write the rank you hear.
Niimber 1 is an example.

1, Thisis Lanca Corporal Patton.

2. l'm Parks,
3, He's _ Thomason,
4. Shc's _ Lee.
5. That's _ Quinn.
6. Please üpeak to Medrana
7. My ñame is Lawrence.
8. That's_ Johnson,
9. 1'm, First Class McKinney.
10. She's _ Retruit García.

EXERCISE F Ask and answer qucstions about ranks and grades.

What'sanE-6in An E-6 in the

the US Navy? US Navy is a petty offícer
first class.

BOOK 14
 Dialogs Asking forana reporting military Identification

Interview your paríner, then introduce himvr her to íhedass.

Good morning, Please teil rae

your ñame and rank. What country
are you from? What's your branch of
service? Wherc was your last duty
slation? And your present duty
station? Finally, where will your
next duty station be?

VOUR NOTES: 1. ñame

2. rank _
3. country
4. branch of service
5. last duty station
6. present duty station
1. next duty station

This is Sergeant Ramos from

the Philíppines, He's in tJie army,
His last assignment waa in Manila.
Right now, he's in General English
at DL1. His follow-on training is at
Fart Benning, Georgia.

AMERICAN L^WGUAGE COUBSF

 EXERCISE A Practice these dialogs with a parlnei.

Díalog 1 (US Air Forcé example):

SSgt White: Good morning, StafF Sergeant White speaking. How may I help
yon?
Caller: J'd like to speak to Major Jones.
SSgt White; May I ask who's calling, picase?
Caller: This is Major King at the Air Forcé Academy.
SSgt White: Please hold, sir. Til sce if he's twailable.
Diéiloy 2 (US Navy example):
PO3 Robertson: Good afternoon. This is Petty Qfficer Robertaon-in the ahip'a
library. Can I help you?
Caller: This is Chief Jones, ship dispensary. I'd like to speak to Petty
Officer Richards.
POS Robertson: Please hold, sir. 1*11 fmd out if she's available.
Dialog 3 (US Army exaimple}:
SGT Woods: Good evening, Brooks Hospital, Sergeant Woods speaking.
May I help you( sir or ma'am?
Caller: May I speak to Captain Miller? This is Captaín Kane calling rrom
Fort Sam Houston.
SGT Woods: l'm aorry, but he's not available at this time, ma'am. Would you
like to leave a message?

EXERCISE B Wnte a cJíalcg with a partner and role-play it for the class.

Student A:

Student B:

Student A:

Student B:

Student A:

BOOK14 LESSON1
 Grammar Using as + adjective + as to express equatity

A and ti have the same weight. C and D don't have the same weight.
They are equal in weight. D is less heavy than C.
A is os hcary as 6. D is not as heavy as C.

V Use ss+ao7ecfíre+asto compare 2 people/thlngs that are the same irisóme way.

V Use siQ compare 2 people/thlnga thatare dlff«rentrto say that

one is than the othar.

EXERCISE A Read the statements and say if yo u agree or disagree.

Ifyott disagree with one, change thestatement to make it true inyuur opinión,
STATEMENT
1, Food in the US is as deticiou-s as food in my country-
2, American coffee isn'L as strong as coffee in my country.
3, My pronuiiciation is as good as my teacher's pronunciation.
4, An airplane is as dangerous as a car.
5, Grammar isn't as important as vocabulary.
6, Life today is as easy as life in the past,
7, Cats aren't os interesting as dogs.
S. Watdifes are as expensive as cameras.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 *;*
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 EXERCI5E C Fill in the blanks using ¡s (not) as + adjective + as.

Cúmplete examplesA and B witk your instructor.

B
healthy full
A. Fruit is healthier than candy, B. Both glasses have the same umuunl.
Candy fruit. GlassA glasé B.

O O
Rome Madrid 8ñ°F

S7.00

Moscow 68T
expensive hot

L. Soup ís leas expensive than ateak. 4. Rome has the same temperatura
as Madrid.
Soup steak. Rome Madrid ,

2. Soup costs thc same as salad. 5, Moscow is lesa hot than Rome,
Soup salad. Moscow

\, Salad is chcaper than steak. 6. Madrid is hotter than Moscow.

Salad steak. Moscow Madrid.

AMEftlCAN LANGLIACiE CGUR£=

 Grammar Using as + adverb -i as to express equaíity

Jim Luke Dan

as + adverb tas ^— — .
Luke getsup
Jim (does),
, him,"
os earíy as
Dan doean't get up -Jí ni and Luke (do),
• r , r
h • J thern.*
V We can use object pronouns me, you, her, him, us, or them Instead ot repeating
ñames.

EXERCISE A Read the state mente and say If you agree o r disagree.

disagree withone, change the sfatement to makc U trite in yaur apinion.

STATEMENT

1. I cook as welf as my mother.

2. I don't speak English as well as my teacher,
3. I speak as quickly as the person next to me.
4. I type as fast as I speak.
5. I don't plíiy soccer as well as Pelé or Maradona did.
6. Commercíafs ín the US don't last as long as commercials in my country.
7. Salaries don't rise as quickly as pnces.
8. Children don't lie as often as adults.

BOOK 11 LESSQN 1
 EXERCISE B Fill in the blanks with (DO not) verbas+ativerb+as.

Number 1 isan

Mark's Jack's
throw throw Lee's dishes Fran

throw/ straight work / hurd

1. Mark and Jack both throw straight, 2. Lee works hard. She'R finiahed
washing, Fran doesn't work hard.
Mark throwe as straight as Jack. Fran

Paul
sing/well drive/fast

3. Olga Ida, 6. Jim Paul,

4. Eva Ida. 7. Andy Jim.

5. Olga Eva. 8. Andy PauL

AMERICAN LANGUAGECOURSE
 EXERCISE C With 2 classmates, ask and answer these questions.
Write i he ansurers.

Queslions lo ask Ñame 1 Ñame 2

1, How oíd are you?

2. How tall are you?

(feet/inches or centimeters)

3- How big are your feet?

(feetíinches or centimeters)

4. How far ¡s your country from the US ?

(kilometers or miles)

5. How faat do you drive in your country?

(kilometers or miles per hour)

6. How carefully do you drive?

7. How quickly do you speak?

1=0 2= 00 3=000
fi. How well do you cook?

EXERCISE D Use the ¡nformation in Exercise C lo wrlte 4 sentences.

Une 4 ñftke adjectives and aduerbs underlined in the chart to write seníences with
nni as ... as.
EXAMPLES: I don't speak as quíckly as Lt Jones or Lt Kim.
Capt Lee drives as carefuJly as Capt MiJJs,

a.

b.

c.

d.

BGOX 14 LES SON I

 Listening Identifyíng the toplc, main idea, and tff/e

Listen. Then select tftc tupie, main idea, and best

1. The tapie of the tfcxtis

a. the cost of the first airplanes
b. the beginning of the US Air Forcé
c. people in the US Air Forcé
d. pilot training
2. The main idea of the text ia .
a. The ñrst plañe carried unly two people.
b. The Wright brothers made the first plañe for the Un Air Forcé,
c. The US Air Forcé started as part of the US Army.
d. There were only Lwo instructors in the US Air Forcé.
3. The best title for the tejct is
a. The Army Signal Corps
b. Learning to Fly an Oíd Plañe
c. Up, Up, and Away!
d- TheEarlyDaysoftbeUSAirForce

EXERCISE Listen.TtMHl sel&ct the toplc, main ¡dea, and best title.

1. The topic of the textia ,

a. soldiers, saílors, ainnen, and inarineg
b. the US Military Reserve
c. the American president
d. weekends in the military
2. The main idea of the text is .
a. Students take pilot training after graduation.
b. US military students also get a collegtí degree-
c. Women go to the US Air Forcé Academy and beconie officers-
d. The military reserve ís part of the US military forces.
3. The best title for the text is
a. The President
b. Branches of the Armed Forces
c. Weekends in the Military
d. Military Reservists

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSI1

 Readíng Writing summaries

-H-1""1"""""^
The Origin ofSonte English
^"""-i-

CSomc English words>ome fram other languages, For example, the word gun,
comesTroñl the Norwegian word Gunnhildr. This word carne from a woman'a ñame,
Dame Gunidda, She lived in the country of Norway almost 700 ycars ago. The word
rifle is the Germán word that means long cuts made inside the long part of 3 gun,
Theae are just two examples of the way English uses word3 from othtjr languages.

Summary: Same English words come from other languagea. The word gun comes
from Norwegian, The word rifle comea from Germán-

SUMMARY . .

gives the main idea and !he most importan! informalion oí the taxi,
does not show your opinión of the text.
is very short.

EXERCISE Read a text, then write a summary of it.

The French Language and Commissioned RankR

Many words for the US conunfssioned ranks come from the French language.
All militsiy services use the word lieutenant for the most júnior, or lowcst,
ofricer in rank. Lieutenanf comes from French and means someone who works
in place of, or instead of, an officer of higher rank. Another military word frum
French is cnsign, which is very similar to the English word insignia. A Icmg time
ago, in the French Navy, an enaign was the man who carried the shiphs sign» or
insignia. Another rank that comes from French ia capfain, a word which meane
kead. A captain ia the head of a body of men, Coloneí comes from the military's
use ofcolumrjs^ or straight lines, of men. In French the word is coronel, and in
Ttalian the word is colonnello. In English we put the French sound together
wíth the Italian spelling to make the word cohnel. There are colonele ín the
US Army and US Air Forcé» hut there are no colonels in the US Navy. Thís is
because there were no colonels in the French Navy a long time ago. Al that time,
men could not stand in atraight linea, or columna, while they were on a aliip at
sea. Liciítenant, ensign, captain, and colonel: tht? ñames of these US military
ranks arejust a few of the many military words that come from French.
 Reading Summarizing a text oralfy

The California Gotd Rush

A man named Sutter found gold in California in 1849. Thifi caused many people
to rush, or go there quickly, becausc they all hoped to find gold and get rich. A fow of
them got richj but most didn't. Instead, they bccamc businessmen, farraers, and
ranchers.
The gold hunters, or miners, started many small towns, but the towus didn't last
when the miners stopped looking for gold and went back. home. These empty towns
became "ghost towns" with erapty buildings, wind, and Hirt. Later, the people who
stayed in California built other towns that lasted,
Today, the state is rich in farra and ranch land and a wide variety of bu pin asa es,
Not everyonc who looked for gold in California found it, but those who stayed found
a land that's as good as gold.

t
Many people went to California to
ñnd gold in 1849, but not many peoplc found it.
Many small towns died and bf¡came ghost towns
afler the minera Icft. The penple. who stayed became
farmers, ranchers, and businegsmen. They built
other towns, and now the state is rich with
businesses, farms, and ranches-

EXERCtSE Read the text. Give an oral summary of it to a partner.

A First for Women Soldiers

Lieutenant General Claudia Kennedy was the first woman to reccive the rank of
three-star general in the US Army. Kennedy, now retired, was a profesional in the
US Army for 30 years and has lived a very ínteresting milítary and civilian life.
Kennedy's father was in the US Army, so Claudia traveled n lot when she was
young. She grew up TD Frankfurt, Germany, and latcr went to college in the US.
After she received h^r degree in 1969, she joined the US Army as a second
lieutcnant,
During her army life, Kennedy had assignments in different countries, She was
stationed in Germany, South Korea, and the US. Lieutenant Genoral Kennedy
retired in 2000.
Today Ms. Kennedy lives in the US and has her own busineñs. She has done
many important things for the US Army and continúes to help the US in her
civilian life, too.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 (5rammar Using just and soon

VJ¡ "V?| >-

H NI ('"Ñí* tlianks. Ijiist ate
dinner an hour

I ate
just dinner.
I have eaten

Didyou eat
jitat dinner?
Have yo u eaten
V We use/usítotaíkaboutsomethfng that we completad 3 shorí time ago. Use itwith
past tenses. We often put it bafore the main verb, but after the auxillary verb.

-^ *- —^
Will your dau^hter Yes, 9hehll graduate soon.
gradúate From We're going tíi her
cullege soon? graduation in 2 months.

She will soon.

graduate from oollege
Will she soon?
We use soon to talk about someihing whích we will complete in the near future,
Use it wíth future tenses. The word soorf often comes atthe end.
EXERCISE A Read the sentences. Mark P for past tense or F for future tense.

1. We just learned that vocabulary word a few minutos ago.

2. We're going to a baseball game soon, Well leave in 10 minutes.
3. My husband is retuniing later today I'll go to the airport soun,

•1. Did you just eat lunch?

5. Will you come back and visit us soon?

6. I'm tirsd because I just ran 5 railes.

7, You look relaxed. Did you just finish your big report?

8, Will the new shopping malí open soon?

EXERCISE B In pairs, use just or soon to complete the dtalogs.

1. Cari: Mom, did the phone ring?

Mom; Yes, ifs Únele Ted. He's leavinghis house, so he'll bt¡ here
2. Joe; I finished my homework. Do you want to go eat with me?
Al: J need a few more minutes, but I'll be ready
3. Bob: Hi, Jan. I'm at the airport. My plañe . . arrived a minute ago.
Jan: Great! Will you be home ?
Bob: Yes, 111 be home It'll take about 30 minutes to get there.
4. Jim: The mail carne, and I got a letter from Tim.
Dan: What did he write?
Jim: He wrote that he finished his training.
5. Ann: My sister and brother fcpent the summer in Europe.
Phil: That's exciting. Have they returned yet?
Ann: My brother got back last night
Phil: What about your sister?
Ann: She's staying there a little longer, but we'll see her
6. Sue: Will our favorito store nave a sale . ?
Saín: No, they had one last month.

AMERICAN UNGUflfiE COUHSE

 Wrltíng Working with paraphrases

How is a paraphrase different from a summary? How is it the same?

In a summary... In a paraphrase ...

t/ yuu give the main idea
and the most important
Information from the test.
your text is shorter than
the original.
you don't show your opinión.
you rewrite all of the
Information in your own
words.
your text is aboul thu same
length as the original.
you don't show your opinión.

The US Coast Guard

The US Coast Guard 3s the smallest of all of the armed forcea. Since
it began in 1790, it has been important for the safety of US coasts, the
ocean waters near land, Coast Guard personnel help people who fall out of
thcir boats or get stuck on the water during bad weather. They also heJp
keep water animáis safe frorn danger. When ships or boats have large leaks
or foi! to opérate, the Coast Guard is also there to help. The Coast Guard is
a small part of the military, but it guards the coasts of the US in maiiy
important ways.

Summary
The US Coast Guard is the smallest armed forcé, but it is very
importan!, It began in 1790. The Coast Guard helps people and water
animáis that are in danger, They also help shipa and boats that have
p roble ms.

Paraphrase
The US Coast Guard began in 1790. Jt is the smallest of the armed
services, but it is very important. The Coast Guard keeps the US coasts safe
from danger, It is there to help when boats or ships have leaks or do not
opérate well.Another job for the Coast Guard is togive help to people who
are having problcms with thcir boats. Finally, the Coast Guard can help
keep water animáis safe.These are some of the many ways that the Coast
Guard is an important part of the US military.
EXERCISE Listen to your teacher, then follow the instructions below.

Howto paraphrase
1. Read the original text in the appeudix severa! times.
Be aure you understand what ynu are reading.
. Circle a word or phrase in the test that says the topic.
Underlint the main idea in the text.
3. Glose the appendix. Think about the inlbrmation
in the text that you just read.
4. Look at the paraphrasí- below.
Try not to look at the original text whíle you ful in the
blanks with words from the box.
5. Check your completed paraphrase with the o
The worda will be different, but the ideas shüuld be
the same.

Paraphrase of Cloud Watehíng

enjoy watching c!üudíj, They like to see the

clouds1 pretty & at the beginnin£ and end oí'
the day. They also líkc to *> ^ in the shapes of
clouds. But douds are made up of on!y O
Whon cold air makes © riseh there are íí
change into water when warm aír becomes cool. Cloud watchers darVt
raind © ^ They always likc Lo

aír and water

the weather
find pictures
raany people
watch clouds

AMERICAN LftNGUAGECGURSE
 Reading Reading faster for better comprehension

Listen for iristructions, Your teacher tuill tell yon when to ¿tari. Yon wiü have I minute tu
read a text. After readitig, look at the senienccs below and mark T for true and F for false.

1. The first women who worked

with the US niüitary were
nurses.
2. In the paat, American women
secretly drespeH Hke men because
they wanted to join the imlittiry.
3. The US Women's Army Cgrps
bagan in 1996,
4. There are branches ín the US
military that women cannot join.
5. In 2010, Üiyry will prubably be
more wnmen in the military than
in 2006,
6. Today women can be piJots in the
US military.

Grammar A review of plural nouns

Underline the plural nouns in the paragraphs.

1. Men and women in the US have a hard time trying to work all day and also find
time to be good parents. They want to give their boys and girls good cducatíoaa,
safe homes, and many toys. Many US families don't have a lot of children
because parents feel there just isn't enough time or money.

2, The SmEths had to move to a new city, The family put all theír small Ítems like
books, towelst clothes, toys, pots, and pans in boxes. They wrapped things that
could break, hke dishes and glasses, before they packed them, Then movers put
all of the pieces of furniture and the boxes in a bíg truck. Last, they drove many
miles to the new house.
 EXERCISE Write the plural noun below each singular noun.

Thenstudy the speUing rules at tke bottom ofthe poge. In the top ruw, uiñte the letlerüfthe
spellinff rule yon used to change the nouns. The /Irsí rote hos exampleu.

Rule Rule Rule Rule.

1. receipt dress family child

chíldren

2. rank bus city airman

3. cap brush party tooth

4, plan glass body foot

5. bottle univeraity ahelf

6- idea lady knife

7. boy business library fisli

S. cholee box pcnny

Rule A Add -es

RuleB No rule
RuleC Chaoge -y to -ies
RuleD Add-s

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

2
Farms and ranches

VOCABULARY: and ranches in the USA 37

Creen Valley Farm 42
GRAMMAR: Adverbs of degrce 44
VOCABULARY: Growing and harvesting apples . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
GRAMMAR: Descríbingwithw/ierc andwhere clauses 49
DIALOGS: Descríbing places 52
LISTENING: Identifying the topic, main idea, and title 54
GRAMMAR: More conditionals;Truein the present 66
READING: Idontifying the tapie 59
WRITING: Workingwith paraphrases , , , . . . . . . . 60
 Freview What Ts new in Lesson 2?

NEWVOCABULARY
Nouns rancher Other
barn reflection a green thumb
blossom sheep a little (adv)
bridge silo a lot (adv)
bull val ley aro un d (adv)
cabin wheat bccausc of
calf/calves
cattle Verba in (full
cow be born much (adv)
crop bloom probubly
destmction blossom rather (adv)
dirt destroy Ihick
farm when (advJ
farmer harvest where (adv)
fureat light -* lit/lit
harvasl lócate
borse make -* made/made
lo catión plant
picnit raise
plant reflect
ranch take —* took/taken care of

G R A M M A R STRUCTURES LANGUAGEFUNCTION
This summer has been extremely dry, Ask for and give dascriplions oí places.

I love the lake where we went swimming
last week.
Spring is a aeason when plante grow
quickly
If you haven't seen that movie yet, go see
it toníght.
If you're leaving tomorrow, you should
pack tonight.
What does your farm lonk
It has miles of land with u big house
in the middle of ílelds of crops.
Did you eiijoy your trip to the
country?
Yes, we were in a cabin in the forest
with trees all around.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE
 Vocabulary Farms and ranches in the USA

Wriíe the number oflhe picíure nexí to its word.

Crop sito bridge

farmhüuse cabin barn

BOOK14 LES5GN2
EXERCISE A Use the words in the box to label the pictures.

bull

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQURSE

 EXERCISE B With aparlner. fill in the blanks with any nouns that you thrnk fit.
More than 1 answer is possible.
Farms and ranches are the places
where farmers and ranchera raise
the crops and animáis that we use for
O and many
other things. Both places have one or
more barns where the farmer or rancher
may ki?«p animáis, farm vehicles,
machines, and &
Both places need lots of
0 for the planta
and animáis, Both have land, but
farmers and ranchera use the land
differently
A famier uses most of his
O , _ to plant crops
in the spring. An example of a crop is
wheat, which we use to make bread,
The farmer harvests the crops in the
0 Then he stores
the crops ín silos.
A rancher uses most of his land Lo
raise large & like
cattle, sheep, and horses. These animáis
, need a lot of land where Ihey can graze
for food,
Most farms and ranches in the US
are now big businesses, Business
managers and many
O take care of
them. There are still small farms and
ranches that single familiea manage,
but there aren't many.

EXERCISE C Match the word to ihe definition, Write the ietter.

1. cow a. an animal that we use for milk, meat, and leather

2. crops b. a plant that we use to make bread

3. silo c. cows, bulls, and calves

4. bam d. a tall, round building that we use for storing crops

5. cattle e. plants that a farmer grows in his fields

G. wheat f. a large building that we use to keep animáis,

machines, and tools
EXERCISE D Match the word to the def inítion. Wrlte the letter.

1. to harvest a. to manage, care for, ur aolve

2. i i ' I . M ' b. to eat plants like grass for fbod

3. to graze c. to cut, colloct, and store crops

4. to raí se d. to put in tht! ground to grcjw

5. to take careof e. tohelptogrow

EXERCISE E Fill in the blank witl i a word froni the box.

1. are baby animal^

2. plant crops in the spring,

3. Webuild over rivers.

bridgcs
cabins 4. Cattlegraze on , like grasa.
calves
5. need 3and and wíitor to raise cattle.
plants
6, We get wool from
horaes
ranchera 7. , can run very fast, so people like tu race
aheep them.

8. are made of wood and often have only

one or two rooms.

AMERICAN LANGUAGF COUHSE

 EXERCISE F Read the story and the advertisements.

In a sntall group, discuss whích place is the best choice for the Lanns to buy.

Tony and Nora Lann are owners of a bookstore in a large city. They want to sell
their store and buy a small farm or ranch in the country. They have frur children:
two daughters who are 4 and 7, and twin boys who are 11. The Lanns have looked at
a lot of places for sale in the last two months and are ready to rnake -A decisión.
They Ve chosen three places that arer/t too expensive,
They want:
• a house with 5 bedrooms
• a barn for a few cows, horses, and small animáis th^t they will buy later
• land where the cattle and horses can graze
• land where they can plant several small ccops for family food

-H ñfverhouse Farm +* j_ Flying M Ranch

^ —i—mr^.--——

of land where animáis can Miles and miles of

graze. Farmhouse: 100 years oíd, grassland. Ready for íenchíng
4 badrooms, Room for relatives lo witn 1000 cattle. Urge ranch
visü—Ihey can stay in the cabin house wilh 5 bedrooms. Two
by the river. Barn needs repairs barns and lols of sheds. Smalf
bul comes wflh 3 horses, 6 cows, lake lor fishmg, Two hours
I bull. Only 60 miles to the cily. by car To the nearest ciry.
(914)555-9002. Cafl (324) 555-6771.

RichJand Farm
Smalf (arm with good farmland
fOT saler Large farmhouse wilh 6
bedrooms. Farm has 2 silos, new
barn, and all the farm machines
and íools a sroaif farmer needs.
School only 25 miles away.
Cali (830) 555-3947,
 Vocabulary Green Valley Farm

The Kings own a kind of small hotel called a bed & breakfast named
Valley Farm. Ifs easy to lócate because it's a farm only 30 miles from the city, in a
valley between three hills, The Kings added on to their oíd farmhouse, so it now hita
14 bedrooms, Visitors enjoy seeing the farm buildings, farm anímala, a lak$, and a
small forest of oíd trees.
Mr. King is talkirtg to the Harts, who are staying for the iveekend. Jfc'sr ahowing them
around the farm.
Mr. King: This is the barn whcre we keep our cows, Twin calves were born here
just two days ago. Cows don't often have twina, so we are rullier
plcased. Past the barn, we have our freída, Thiy year we're prowinR
wheat and corn.
Mr. Hart: It's been extremely hot and dry this stunmer. The temperature a been
in the 90s, and there's becn no rain. Have you had troubk gctting
t;nough water for your crops because of IhÍH terrible weather?
Mr. King: We have the lake, so water hasn't been a problem. In fact, the grase
around the lalct? is very thick and beautiful this year becanse the
spring was much wetter Follow me to the lake and furtst, The lake
reflecte the trees and sky beautifully.

Green
Valley

420 Valley
EasI Farm UXe City

AMERICAN LANGUAGÉ COURSE

MTS, Hart: Oh, the reflection of
thc trees in the lake
looks like a painting.
This morníng, Mrs.
King thought that we'd
probably like to eat by
the lake, so she packed
sandwiches, chips, and
fruit for a picnic. Let's
have our picnic here*

Wkile eating...
Mr. Hart: I reinember the time
when I was a boy 011
my famil/s farm. It
was in a beautíful location where the land was very goocl For crops,
Then we had yeara of hot, dry wealher that destroyed the crops.
Because of the destructionT the farm turned to dirt. My folks cuuldn'L
grow anythmg anymore, They had to sell the farm. We had to move to
the city because they had to find Jobs. I was so mihappy, I didn't like
the city much.
Mr, King: I can understand your feelings. I grew up here. TVe never hud Lu
I only left for a few years to get my college degree in farming. 1 Eiked
college a lot, but I was atill happy to gradúate and come back homo.
My \vife and I are very happy lo live and work right here.

EXERCISE Add your owr> ideas to the chart. Sha re answere fn amall groups

Things that Things that Locations Things to brrng Things that

reflect light destroy crops thatíllkea lot on a picnic can be thick
mrrror storms my home cook\e& SÜU.
 Grammar ofdegree

Are you happy Yes, I'm quite pleased

with your new with her, Shi? works
secretary? fast.

I'm quite
reaily
extremely
She works #•** fa&t.
rather

V Use ihese 5 adverbs to describe other adveí bs and adjectkves.

These adverbs mean very, but rather Is less strong.

Uhink the soup U great l think it's a Huí* salt

V Weoften us&a//f/'eand terríblyio describe something that ¡s not pleaslng.

It's not very salty, but it's aattier than 1 Hke,

The soup's salty.
Q little It*3 very salty, almost too salty for me to eat.
türribly He doesn't drive too fast but faster than I !ike.
He drives fast.
He drives very fast, almost too fast for me.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CGUHSÉ

 EXERCISE A Use woj-ds from the 2 boxes to ful in the bíanks.

Chaose on advero from the lefl box ftr&t, ihen o word from íhe box on ihe right. You may
any word more thon anee. Number I is fin example.

boring sad frieodly

fest hard carefully
easy upset expensive
good relaxed difficult

a little bad alowly interesting

tembly

1. I think that commemals are terríblv borina

2, If I'm in a hurry, I walk

3, When I have a test, I study

4. Díjn't buy that new CD because it's

5. Studcnts like Mr, Smith because he's
6. When a pólice car is behind me, I drive

7. Ifeel when I get a low scort? on a test.

8. Ifyou exercise often, you'll feel

9. Someonehit Katy's car She's _ aboui iL
10. I don't think I did weli on the test, It was

EOOK14 LESSOM?
 EXERCISE B Answer the questions with Yes.

tke wordx in parenlheses f) and the underiined ivords. Number 1 í's an examplí:

1. Is Jil] üügry with Gary? (extremely)

Yes, Jilfe extremgly anqry wíth Gary,
2. Did John run f£st in the race? (very)

3, Do yon exercisG frcquently? (quite)

4. Did they study hard? (reaJly)

5. Was the restauran! noisv? (ratherí

6, Are you sorrx ahout your mistake? (terribly)

7. Is it huí ¡n here? (a little)

8. ls Sue nervous about the meeting? (extremelyt

EXERCISE C Answer the questions with No.

Use the words in parenlheses f ) nnd the undzrliitcd words.

1- Did Diane score hiüi on the test? (very)

2. Do you work out often? (terribly)

3. Did they study hard?

HUERICAN UWGUAGE CQURSE

 Vocabulary Growing and harvesting appíes

The fruit of the apple begins with smalJ pink flowers called
blossoms. The flowers start opening (blooming or
blossommg) in early spring. Soon aftcr that, tho apple trees
are in full bloom, and you can see blossoms all over the
irees,
Apple growers don't want every blossom to become nn
apple. They want fewer but largor appíes, so they remove the
smallest blossoms and appíes early in tho season. Gruwers
put chemicals on the trees to make the trees drop the smallest
flowers and fruit.
The apple harvest takea place in
the fall, Sometimes the weather becomes cold enough to kill
the appíes befbre they are ready to harvest. Then apple
growers may light specíal fires that make a lot of amoke. Tho
smoke stops the freezing temperatures from killing the fruit.
When the appíes are the right size and color, workers pick
and pack them in boxes by their size. Some growers sel] apples
right at thcir farms, but most growers send them to stores all
over the country.

EXERCISE A Number the sentences in the order that the text describes.

Growers make the smaJJest bJossoms and appíes fall oíf tho trees.
Workers harvest the appíes when they have the right size and color.

Trucks take the appíes to stores everywhere.

The app]e trees are in full bloom.

Apple trees blossom in the gpring,

The growers may light smoky fires to stop
the fruit from freezing.
 EXERCISE B Complete the sentences with words from the box.

lit harvest because of lócate

dirt probably blooming reflection
around blossoms destruction blossoming

1. Before a fruit tree can have fruit, it muat have

2. She's been working in the garden, so she has _ on her hands.

3. Big storms can cause a h>t of to crups.

4. There's a 90% chance that Dan wíll be free toni^ht He'll

come with us.

5. Use a city map to th<- downtown bonk

6- We couldn'tplay soccer yesterday the barí weather.

7. When flowers open, we say they're or

8. Can you see your -— in the window at night?

9. The of many crups Lakcs place in autumn.

LO- Ken a fire in the ñreplace, but it didn't burn

11. Weneed totakeabreak. Let's walk the building.

EXERCISE C Write the words in the gray box in their columna.

We use these words to talk about...
farm wheat Places/Thmgs Plants Animáis
cow val ley
blossom harvest
to graze to be born
bridge sheep
foreat crop
horse calvos
ranch silo
cattle Lo bloom
bam bull
cabin

AMERICAN tAN GUACE COURSE

 Grammar Descnbing with when and where clauses

Write ivordn frvm the box in the columu of'place or time. The first 2 ara aiready used.

store city street park week

day night coiintiy achoal
restaurará monlh Sunday year hotel

PLACE TIME

store soason

EXERCISE A Complete the aentences to make them true about you.

Adjective cía use

1. is the year i'.-lit'ii I was born.
2. is the raonth when I was born.
3. is the year ivken 1 ioined the military.

4, is the country where 1 was born.

5. is the citv where 1 work.

***
V* We can use an adjective clause with where to describe a word about place, and
when to describe a word about time.
 EXERCISE B Match the adjective cía use to the sentence it belongs with.

1. Graduation is a time a. where you saw that beautiful croat,

2. A shed is a small building b. whsn farmers harvest crops,

3. We can go back to the shop c, where they see more trees then püoplc.

4- Fall Í3 the seastm d. when everyone gwfi to eat lunch.

5. I'll never forget the day e. when we complete our educatiun.

6. Friday is the day f. where T can keep pets.

7. I want to live in a house g. when we nsuaJJy go see a new

8. They like going to places h. tuhcre people often keep gurdon loáis.

9. Twelve noon is the hour i, tuhen I met a famous person,

V An adjective clause should follow the word it describes.

EXERCISE C RI1 In the blank with when or where.

Then circle the uiord the adjective dause describes. Number 1 is an
w en
1. I enjoy remembering the(daw- " T SDt married.

2- Last night, we ate at a restaurant . the food was dehcious.

3. "Hotel de Paria" is the place we stayed during our trip tu France.

4, Her books are about the years she lived in África.

5. Please put those tooLs in the garage al! the other toóla are.

6. ni try to fmd more time we can get Logether.

7. Do you remember clearly the day you met your wífe?

8. Did you visit the house President Lincoln lived?

9- Whatdid hp say about the night the storm destroyed hi¿ house?

10, What do you think happened the day we couldn't fínd our car?

AMERICAN LANGUAGÉ
 | Make statements that are true ior you and tell your partner.

Ilive I like traveling Winter iñ

in a country to places the aeason
where ,.. where . . . when ...

My city Fríday is I want to Uve

is a place the day in a neighborhood
where ... when ,,. where .„

Graduation Ilive 2000 was

is a time in abuilding the year
when . . , where .,. when ...

:
I like to eat Yesterday January
in restaurante was the day is the rnonth
where .., when ... when , . ,

My city ia 3 place Friday is the day

where tourists lite to when I usually go to
sightsee. the movies.

í
 Piaiogs Describing places

With the ¡ifkoie class, writc scveral words in each cafegory. The fyfimplc.R describe the firui
picíure on the next page.

Cllmate & Thinga wa can

Weather flnd outside
cl^ar
rather wíndy mountaine
terrtbly co\é
er\owy

Age

Words
we uso
to describe
places

Feehngs

It makes mefeel
Opinión wortís

7 íhink thttt this place is ...

clean
6|uiet
beautiful

AMEHICAN LflNGUAGE COURSE

 EXERCJSEA Answer the questions to describe the p Jet u res to a partner.
Questlon
I, What do you see in the
picture?
2. Tell me more. Imagine
thatyou are there.
3. Do you líke this kind of
place? Why or why not?
4. How do you feel here?
5. Have you visited a place like
thií; one before? How was it?
Sample Answer
Tfiere's a big lake. I see high mountains behind
it. There are forestS east ofthe lake.
The tueather's dear, but it's rather wiítdy. The
air smeils fresh. The trees are dark green.
1 like this kind of place because it's deán
and quieí. There are no olher peopte .
This place makes me feet vcry relaxedand calm.
Fue been to the Alps. It was íenibly cold
and snowy, buí the mountains fuere beautiful.
 EXERCISE B Write a description of an ínterestlng place ín your country.

Listening tdentifying the toplc, mam Idea, and titte

Lisien ío a tcxt. Ttien select the topic, main idea, and tke best tifie.

1. What is the topic?

a. the farmhouse
b. cows and horses
c. summers at the farm
d- flowers around the lake
2. What is the main idea?
a. Flowers were blooming around the lake,
b. My visita to the farm were wonderful.
c, I staycd in a nice farmhouse.
d, I enjoyed working in the fields.
3. Which is the beat title for the text?
a. My Surnmers at the Farm
b. A Barn and a Farmhouse
c. Wheat Fields
d. Beautiful Flowers

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 Grammar More conditionals: True in the present

LAUSE (condltlon)

If you're looking for Max, you should look ¡n his room.

3ook

*** When you use ttíe present progressive \r\ihe If-clause, you can use the future,
mudáis, or & cammand m the main cía use.

IF-CLAUSE (conditíon) MAIN CLAUSE

you're coming

If you haven't found Maxyet, you must turne with me.

come
*I* When you use the presenf perfect in the lf-clause you can use the future,
modals, or a command In the main clause.

EXERCISE A Match the 2 cofumns to make complete sentences.

1. If you're going to the library, a. if you're eating at the meas hall.

2. If Mar/s visitingfor a few days, b, I'll see him later.

3- If ycu're making tea, c, I'll have some^ too.

4. If Joe's already left, d, ifyou're going downtown.

5. Paul can pasa the test e, fihe can stay with us.

6, You won't enjoy the food £ please retum this book for me.

7, Be ready to go at 6 a.m. g. if hehasn't forgotten.

B. Don't carry at lot of money h. if you're riding with me.

9, Fred will be here by 8 p.m. i. if he's studied hard.

 EXERCISE B Use the present progressive to complete the sentencas.

Use ctjnti-actions whetí poñsibíe. Namber 1 is an example.

1. If we're mgetina Ann at the airport, we'LL need to Isave ina

we / meet
2. Mary might stay with the Jordans if next month.
she / visit

3, Ifthe until G p.m.T we shouldn't luave yet.

plañe / not arrive
4. Bring water to drink if the day at the beach.
you / spend

5. 1*11 go with you if lunch at the mess hall.

yon / eat

6, If a test tomorruw, ask them to help ue tonight.

they / not take
7. Hank won'tñnd usif our plana to meet.
we / change

B. If by train, Ken will pick her ap at the train station.

Rita / come
9. I can't hclp them if Until thia eveninfi.
they/ nnt start

10, If to my cíty next year, look me up

you / travel

AMERICAN LANGUAÜLCOURSE
 EXERCISE C Use the present perfect to complete the sentences.

Use cotitravtions when possibie. Number 1 \s an exampfe.

1. If you haven't been to the new park yet, well take you tomorrow.
yo u / not be

2, Lt Hill can leave early if his work.

he/fínísh

3. If by nuw, we'll leave without her

Lora / not cali

4. Don't forget your camera if_ it yot.

you / n o t pack

5. If enough money, we can buy a new sola.

we/ save

6. íf . the book already, please lend it to me.

you /read

1. Til keep lookingfor the keys Ef thcm yet.

you / not find

8. Sgt Jones won't be happy if their exercisea yet.

the men / not do

9. The clerk can't help Paul if his receipt.

he / not bring

10. If my homework by 7 p.m., I'll join you Lonight.

I / complete

BOOK U LESSON2
 EXERCISE D Use the future. a modal, or a command to fill ¡n the blanks.
Complete the sentences to show yonr personal advice.

1. Ifyou're visiting mycountry,

2, Ifit'srainingthis weekend,_

3. Ifwe're taking the test tomorrow,

4. if you're plannjng to travel,

5. if I'm not studyiog tonight.

6, If you haven't enjoyed the food at the school,

7, If youVe made alotafnew friends here,

8, If you haven't been to the library yet,

9. if you'vií studied hard.

If you're visiting my
country, you should go Go sightseeing in my
sightseeing in ray city. city if you're visiting
my counLry.

4
AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE
 Readíng tdentifying the tapie

Read the text, and selecf the tupie.

The Striped Skunk

The skunk is one animal that people
smell more often than they see. In fact,
skunks amell awful, and most people are
afraid of them because of that smell. But
akunks aren't terribly frightening if you
watch them from a distance, The most
common skunk in the US is small and black
with two white stripes on its back. It's the size of a cat and has a small head in the
shape of a triangle, little ears, short legs, and a Lhick black ¿md whiltí tail- Night in
thc time when akunkü are awake and looking for food. Their diet is made up of buga,
small animáis, fish, fruit, nuts, grasses^ and bird eggs. Baby skunks stay with their
mothers and uften foJlow behínd her in a line. A mother skunk can become scared
very quickly, and that's when people need to be carefiíl. A skunk usually runs away
when it's frightened, but sometimes it just turns around and shoots a yellow liquid
from under its tail. The liquid, which is thicker than water, can travel 10 to 15 feet,
but the bad smell can travel for a mile or more. Peoplí? uhould be very careful nut to
bother skunks because their bad smell can last s long time and is very hard to
remove, Skunks might not be very popular because of their terrible smell, but they
can be fun to watch from a safe place.

The topic of the text is

a, skunks and their smell
b. skunks and their babi es
c. skunks and their diet
d, skunks and their size
 Writing Working with paraphrases

a text ii¡ Appendix J. Then, withottt ni the. text again, fiíl in the missing
informotion bdow.

Paraphrase of The Truth about

Bata aren't O. .. People have a lot of ideas

about bats that aren't €>__ . They are aniall night aninv
that © . well, They don't like tu fly into
O People shouldn't be afraid of @
They leave heme in the to flnd their tbod. Batñ can eat a
lot of O There are some bats that drink blood (rom
., but bats don't hurt 0 . People
arejust startingtü

undcrstand batí

bugs or fruit

AMERICAN LANGUAGECÜUR5E
Happy birthday to you!

VOCABULARV: Birthdays 63
Birthdaysinthe US 64
GRAMMAR: Using gerunds as thesubject ufa sentenue 66
VOCABULARY: TaJking about a birthday gift 68
READING: Reading faster for better comprehenaion 71
GRAMMAR: Using gerunds after prepositions 72
VOCABULARY: Buying a birthday gift 76
A surprise birthday party 77
Interviews with two deans 78
WRÍTING: Working with paraphrases 80
SKILLS: Writingthc topic.main Idea, and title 81
GRAMMAR: Using the modal must when youVe very sure 82
DIALOGS: Making guesses with ¡ttay, migkt, could, and musí . . 84
VOCABULARY: Five meanings with titrn . . . , , 86
GRAMMAR: Modal review 88
 Previ ew What's new in Lesson

NEWVOCABULARY

Nouns Verbs Other

birth affbrd all
birthday be born bcside
candle believe íin)
certifícate blow -* btew/blown out broke
couple come * carne/como o ver comfortable
gift continué ^£> from now on
luck drop by poor
present drop in poorly
song go —* went^gone over pretty
surprise took forward tu proud
tum must (bej proudly
volume sing -* sang/sung rích
take -* took/taken tums scared
turn down
turn up saftly
wrap uncomfortable
underneath

GRAMMAR STRUCTURES uANGUAGE FUNCTION

Walking i a good exercise. Make deüucTions in the prese nt.
I believe in working hard. Who's oalling me so late at night?
Carl's not here. He must be sick. It may/might/cQuld be a friend.
Modal review It must not be my teacher.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

Vocabulary Birthdays
of
Name:/íWí>tt Kyle Hunter
Born: May 2, 2006
Place: Albany, New York
To: Keith T. é'Ritft L Hunter
What information can you find cm
a birth certifícate?
What's this person's date of birth?
Can you write your date of birth
three difFerent ways?
How many caadles are on the cake?
Whst's the boy doing?
What do you think he's wishing for?
Happy Birthday to ...
Happy Birthday to
Happy
Happy Pirthday dear
Happy
What's the whole títle to this song?
Write the words on the lines.
Which song do you sing at
bírthday partíes in your country?
What's this e picture of?
Do you always wrap presents?
Do you opon gifts ¡mmediately when
you receive them? Why or why not?
 Vocabulary Birthdays in the US

Your birthday is the day your mother gave bírth tu you, or the day
you were bornL For many people, birthdays are special days to enjoy
with family and friends. In the US, your first birthday is exactly one year
after your birth. Children look forward to their birthday because there
is usually a birthday party. They often feel proud to be one year uldcr.

The tradítion of birthday parties in the US begaii severa! hundred

years ago. In the past» many people believed that bad things could
happen to a person on thüL personé birthday, They called these things
bad luck and were afraid of it, Since families were scared of bad
luck, thcy tried to change it to good luck by gctting togcthcr, singing,
eating a special cake, and giving gifts to the birthday person.

For US birthdays, family and frit-ndü usually give a pany fbr

the birthday person. They give presents and a cake with cancíles.
The number of candles on the cake equals the person's age. At the
party, everyone starts by singing the birthday sung. Then thcy bring
out the take, The birthday person makes a wish and tries to hlow
out all the candles at one time (which brings good luck). Finally,
the hirthday person opens the gifts while everyone watches,

"Happy Birthday "

toYüu B is the third
raost popular aong in
the English language.
People also sing it in
many other countries
and languages, This
song was very difícrent
at first In 1893, two
teachers wrote a
classroom song for theu-
students called 'lGood
Morning to All." Later,
the song changed to the
one we sing today. Here are Good morning to you,
the words* to the first song: Good morning lo you,
Good morning, dearchildren,
Good morning to alL
. I.S93. Hil I , music by Mildtcd Hill
 EXERCISE A Choose words from the graybox to complete the sentences.

luck all blow out presenta candles birth

gifts proud look forward to certifícale scareí

1. When you do somcthingweJl, you feel

2. If you are happy about something in the future, you it

3. During holidays people often give and receive or

4. If you are afraid of something, you ofit

5. We sometimes use the word to explain good or bad

things that happen.

6, None of the atudents failed the test. of them pasRed.

7. You're supposed to the candles un a birthday cake to

good luck.

8. Howmany do we put on top of a birthday cake in the US?

9. of a child is a happy day for most íkmilíes.

10. A is a spedal paper that has impcírtant ínfornaation,

EXERCISE B Complete the sentences below. Share with a partner.

1. I felt proud when

2, A gift that Td like to receive is

3. Soraething that bríngs rae good luck is

4. A song that I enjoy singing Is

5. Formynext birthday, I'd like to

6. When I was a child, I was scaretl of

 <3rammar Using gerunds as the subject of a sentence

Slf?N UF NOWI
e-paízone.com E-PAL ZONE @ e-palzone.com
HOME NEW USER FIND E-PAL LOGIN LOG OUT

LIST OF HOBBIES E-PAL ZONE: Lookmg for an Internet penpal?

pick hobby lell us ycur hobbies, and we'll match
you wlth someone.

GLEN
I love to climb. Climbing rocíes is
difñcult, but I really eryoy ít. Running
and swimming are also sports that I
like. Doing all those sports keeps me
healthy. Moving my body is a lot of
ftm. Not moving my body is dtill.
Sitting quiotly to read or watch TV
isn't pl&asant for me.
RITA
Listening to music, watdiing inovies,
rtjadjng, writinfí, and traveling are
things that í enjoy Learning nuw
languagea, cooking, mid dancing are
my favorite hobbkü. Taking a walk in
the forest relaxeR me, but climbing and
swimming make me nervoud. Nul,
exorcising doesn't worry me.

EXERCISE A Study the chart,then underline the gerunds inthe text above.
Witk your teacher, transfbrin ¡he Kf.ntenees in the charí into quesíions

GERUND (SUBJECT) (other words) (other wordfij

•^

Runnine and swimming sports that I

Not moving
pleasant fur me

and swimming

V A gerund Is made from tbe base form of a verb + Ing:

be + ing = tifitifi do + ing - doing swim + ing = Kwimming

AMERICAN LANGUAGE
 EXERCISE B Use the inlormation about Glen & Rita to flll hi the blanks.

1. Glensays," is a lot of fun."

2. Glen saya,". is difírcult, but I really enjoy it."

3. and make Rita ñervo ua.

4. Rita says,". doesn't worry me."

5. quietly isn't pleasant for Glen,

6- . are Rita's favorito

7. Glen aays, **_ is dulL"

8. relaxes Rita,

keeps Glen healthy.

EXERCISE C Circle the correct form of the word.

1. Studying / Stndy all night ísn'

2. Corning ! Come to my party and meeí my friends, Mark,
3. Idon*t xvantpetain my house,butplaying/play v?\t}\youf petáisflin.
4. Driving / Drive to Dallas takes six honra from here.
5- Eating f Eat a big dinner makes me sleepy.
6. Not sleeping I sleep well worries me.
7. Please stopping / stop talking and listen to me.

EXERCISE D Use gerunds to make the sentences true for you,

1. isn't a lot of fun.

2. is exciting,* (

3. takes alongtime.

4. (Not) makes me nervous,

5. (Not) doesn't worry me.

 Vbcabulary Tatking about a birthdaygift

Alice ond Sfeve are talking on íhe phone.

Alice: Hi, Steve. This is Alice. I want to talk to you about Danny's birthday gift.
Do you have any ideas íbr a present?
Steve: Well, he needs a comfortable living room chair that visitors tan relax in,
His poor friends gct backaches from bis hard, uncomfortable chairs
every time they go over to his bouse,
Alice: That's a good idea, but those kinds of chairs are expensive. I feeJ
uncomfortable talking about money, but I have to tell you LhaL I*m
broke. I don*t have any money right now.
Steve: You can feel comfortable talking about it because we're friends, But
you're not poor, You have a Job, so you have moiiey.
Alice: Yes, but I'm not rich, and Tve spent most of my money this rnonth. 1 can't
afford to spcnd anymore now
Steve: Don't worry. Til lend you some money Besides, a couple of other frienda
at work want to buy the gift with us, That makes four píjuplií who are
buying the gift, so we can buy him a pretty nice gift, snmething special.
Alice: Thanks. That sounds great.
Steve: I have some other ideas besides the chair. Isit okay ifl come over to
your house later? We can continué to talk about his gift then,
Alice: Sure, I'Jl be here all evening. You can drop in any time-
Steve; Great. 1*11 drop by after work.

EXERCISE A Which Ítems look comfortable? Which look uncomfortablfi?

AMERICAN LANGUAGL
 EXERCISE B Match each Ítem wíth its meaning.

1. coup]e a. to start doing something again

afler stopping
2. besides b- having a lot of money

3. todropin c. to make a visit without asking

4. poor d. You travel to my house for a

visit.
5. ri e. inaddition

6. to be broke f. to havo cnough money to buy

something
7. to come over (to my house) g. I travel to your house for a visit.

S. to go over (to sameone's house) h. having little money; not lucky,

unhappy
9. i. to be without money at this time

10, to continué j. two of something

EXERCISE C Cross out the word that doesn't go with the center word(s).

1. 2.
3. / comfoftoblc

go over dropby poor rich

(NOT)
VISIT MONEY
RELAXED
uncomfortable

nervous
EXERCISE D Match Ihe first sentence wlth a second sentence that fits well.

First Sentence Second Sentenct>

1. I'm a little scared to speak a. It'a not expensive, but it's still
in front oía lot of people. pretty nice.

2. Whatdoyou thinkof b. I ftícl comfortable about it.

this gift?

3. I don't mind traveling to c. I'in uncomfortabla about it.

new places.

4. A coupte of friends d- T often go over wíthout askinfí.

dropped in.

5. I frequently drop by e. Besides, the price IB not the moat

my friend's house. important thing.

6. My fricTid drops by my house £ Yes, my body relaxes when

all the time. I sit in it.

7. Is that chair comfortable? g. She often comes over to visit me

without askinf-.

8. I can't afford tobuy an h. Ididn't know that two friends

expensive gift because were cnming over, but 1 enjoyed
I'm not rich. the ir viait.

EXEFíCISE E Discuss the question below in a smalJ group.

What are the rules in your country for visiting friends?

I never drop by without I won't go over after 9 p.m

i
calling first.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COUHSE

 Reading Reading fáster for better comprehension

Listen for tnslrucfions. Your tescher wifl tell yon when to stürí. Yon ipill liave 1 minute io
read íhe text. After reading, answer the questions befan? witkout lookiig ai íhe text agoin.

1. The Great Wall of China

ia the wall in the world.
a. busiest
b. highest
c. longest
d. narrawest

2. Haw long is the wall?

a. 40 miles
b. 400 miles
c. 4,000 miles
d. 40,000 miles

3. Why don't people know the Great WalJ's exact age?

d. Dirt and grass cover parts of the wall-
b. Parts uf the wall havc fallen down,
c. Both a and b are true.
d- None of the answers are true,

4. Why did the people build the wall?

a. To keep people from taking animáis away.
b. To help people travel to other countriea.
c. To aee the country better
d. To make the country larger.

5. Which of Lhe following sentences is prpbably not true?

a. The Great Wall still has many secreta.
b. Building the Great Wall took a lot of money and workers.
c. The Great Wall kept out many forcigners in the pasL
d. Workers built the Great Wall in a few months.

6. Why is the wall called Great?

a. Becausc it's macle of stone.
b. Because it's man-made.
c. Because of its age.
d. Because of its sise.
 Grammar Using gerunds after prepositions

ir
Dear Graadma Rose,
_ „ .—
I apologizefforjnot writingyou sooncr(but I haven?t
had any IVee time. I look forward to having more time
since Tve finished my assignment at work. Yon know
that I care about doing my work very carefully. Tve
been worried about not completing my wurk on time
since it takes a long time. Tm excited about showing it
to my boss because it'a really good.
I plan on taking several weeks of leave, and Tve
decided to spend part of my vacation with you. I'm
happy about seeing you. I also look forward to doing
some farm work, caring for the animáis, and fishing.
You know that I'm fond of relaxing in nature.
Of course Fm looking forward to eating your fresh?
home-cooked food, Fm afraid to tell you the things that
I usually eat for lunch at work! ni tell you all the
news when I come next week.
Love,

V A gerund is made Irom the base form ot a verb + Ing:

be + ing = being do + ing == doing swim + ing = swimming

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 SUB. VERB PREP. 6ERUNP (& other words)
apologize Jbr not wñting you somier»
care about doing my work very carcfuíly.
I
have been worried about not compfeting my work on time.
amfond of relaxing in nature.

*** The words torr to, in, abouí, on, ot, by, with, etc., are prepositions. We oflen use
tjprunds after

EXERCISE A Look at the chart. Then underJine the gerunds in Glna's letter.

Next, circle each prepoaiííon in Gífld's letter that has a gerund after it. Draw an arrnm fntru
each guriíiid to the prepositiott that belongs ío tí. The first Qne is an exampl?.

EXERCISE B Use the gerund form of verba rn the box to filf in the bianks.

Circle the prepositions thatgo with thegerunds. Nuntber I isart exampte.

work speak run do learn

get s ave pick lose be drive

1, My daughter ís afraid(of; alone in the

2. I'm not interésted in Russían.

3, Was Mike nervous about _ _ before a group

4. She'sfondof fast with the wind in hcr hair

5, AJÍ of us care about hsrd and the best

job that we can do.

6. We plan on in the race, and we don't plan on

7. When will you apologize für not them up at the airport?

8. Are you worried about not enough money?

9. I'm not thinking of married yet I'm too young.

 Some ph rases that a gerund can follow
verb + preposltlon BE + adjactive + prepos Ilion
apologize for be proud of be airaid of
care about / for be excited about be worried about
decide on be fond of be nervous übout
plan on be bored with be scared of
talk about be happy about be tired of
think about/of be interested in be frightened nf

^li" '^^W "í [ Answer the questicms using a gerund.

1. Which hobbies (for example, collecting stamps, fishing, reading) are yon fond of?

2, Is there anything you are nervous about or tired oí?

3. What do you plan on doing afler class today?

4. Have you ever thought about changing careers?

5. BONUS: Make more questions. Use phrases from the chart above and gerunds.

Circle the correct form of the word.

1. I didn't plan on taking I take the bus, but l'm changing my mind,
2. Are they interested in buying I buy the house or not?
3. I'd like tu finding / fina a good restauran! for lunch.
4. Chad didn't want to talking I talk about his problem,
5. Oíd Mr. Jenkins is very worried about driving / driue at night,
6. The children were proud of doing I do well in school.
7. We don't caro for sleeping ¡ sfeep late every day.

" AMEHICAN COUREE

 Vocabulary Buying a birthday gift

Afice and Steve are shoppingin a deparimení store for Danny's gí'ft.

Alice: We've been shopping fur hours. í'm tired, but lefs continué to look. I don'l
want to stop until weVe found something that we can proudly give to
Danny. Let's look at printers. The prmter that Danny has doesn't print
welL It prints pictures poorly,
Steve: Okay. Let's find a clerk. There's one. Excuse me, sir. Where are thc
printers?
Clerk: They're over there. These two people were here íírst, Let me ñnish
this couple* and I'll help yon in a moment,
Ahce: Okay, thank you, Look, Steve. Here's the color printer that we saw in the
newspaper. It*s better than Danny's
printer
Steve: Yes, and there's a 40% diacount on
paper besides the low price of the
printer
Alice: Great! And it's reelly small, so he can
put it beside his computer,
Steve: There's no room beside his computer,
but I think it'll fit easily undemeath
the desk.

EXERCISE A Match each vocabuJary ítem wíth lis meaning.

1. proudly a. te do something without stopping

2. poorly b. under somtíthing, and often hidden
3. coupJe c. with a feeling of great satisfaction
4. beside d. two people who are together
5. underneath e. in a way that does not satisfy
6. pretty f. very

7. to continué gL nextto
8. to look forward to h. to be happy about something
that will happen
 the sentences wilh words from the box.
Yon wdí use same ofthe words moni than once.

underneath poorly proudly couple wrap

continúe bes i des beside

1, My room is small, so 1 have to put

2. We nt-ed two more chaira. Can you go and get a _, piense?

3, Sue stopped working to take a break. She'll in a minute.

4. Yuu won't be promoted if you do your Job

5. You can't see the cat because it probably went Ihc bed.

6. Jim had a Job at night . Ms regular Job during the day,

7. If it's cold outside, I my baby in a thick hlanket.

8. When she saw her country's flag, she stood

9. Mr and Mrs. Parker are a nice who live nest door lo mu.

10, Wewon'tstop tiow.We'll _ studying until we finiah

the lessan.

EXERCISE C Wrlte a description of the plcture using words from tnis book.

LANGUAGE COURSE
 Vocabulary A surprise birthday paríy

Today's íheday ofDanny's surprise birthday paríy ai Steve's house. Soft music is playing
whih friends talk, prepare food, make a cake, and wrap
Steve: Okay, everybody. We need to get ready. Alice will arrive with Danny soon.
Where will evcryune hide?
María: We'll be underneath the table over there. How will you sígnal us to jump
out and say "SURPRISE!"?
Steve: When Danny arrives with Alice, I'Il say to him, "We want to wish you a
apecial happy birthday" That's your signal.
Mana: This is so great Danny has no idea that we planned all uf this.
Afeiv minutes later, the daorbeli rings.
Steve: Okay everyone. That rnust be Alice and Danny. Go hide, and from now
, if you must spcak, speali softly. We don't want Danny to hear yon.
Everyone hides until they hear Steve speaking to Danny. Then íhey atl ?amt?ou.t and soy...

EXERCISE Choose the meaning that each ítem has in the text above.

L A surprise birthday party

a. Danny's looking forward to the party,
b. Danny doesn't expect to go to a party.

2. íSoft music is playing.

a, We can easily talk and hear athers while the music is on*
b. We can't hear the people who are speaking bccauae the music is too load.

3. That must be Alice and Danny.

a. They have to arrive on time because that's the rule.
b. I'm sure theyVe here because I'm expecting them.

4. From now on ...

a. starting at this time
b. until now

5. Speak softly.
a. Do not talk,
b. Talkquietly.
 Vocabulary
L¿ Col John_Perry
Personal Information
Birthday: 27 March in Pensacola, Florida
Entered service: USAR 1982. Oflicer
Traimrtg School, Lackland AF6, Texas
Highesl degree: Ph.D. m Educational
Adminislration, 1981, The American
Uniuersily, Washington, DC
Promolion1oüCol:Q1
What do you belleve in?
Lt Col Perry
I believe io serving God, my
family, and othcrs, I beüeve in theae
things because they touch many
people in important and lasting
ways. T believe in the valúes I
have leamed and practiced in the
United States Air Forcé because
they rnake our Air Forcé great.
with two deans
Lt Col Kim Paitan
Personal Information
Birthday: 14 May ¡n Fargo, Norlh Dakola
Enieretf service: USAF= 1984r Oflutt Air
FoiceBase, Nebraska
Highesl degree: Ph.D. in Foreign Languags
Eduoalion, 1997P Universily of
Maryland. College Park, Maryland
PromotionioUCol:01 June 2001
Lt ColDalton
I believe in the US Air Force'a
most important valúes, which
Tve followed all ui'my career. I
believo in the se things: tolling the
truth, doing what I say I will da,
cloing my Job the best that I can,
serving my country and ítü jn-oplet
and thinking about otherü first.
AMEHICAN LANGUAGE COURSE
 What makes you proud?
Lt Col Perry Lt Col Dalton
Tin always proud to see people who I'm proud to be part of the great
work for me do well. I feel proud to mílitary tradition of the US Air
he their leader. I think that a leader Forcé. I feel proud of the 21 years
has a part in both the good and bad that Tve apent working hard fí>r
things that happen. my country and its peo pie.
What are you looking forward to this year?
Lt Col Perry Lt Col Dalton
I Jook forward to leadíng this school Til retire this year- First, I Jook
for the next two years, and helping forward to havinj» more fres time
our teachers teach students well and with my children. I alao look forward
write ínteresting leasons. Second, 1 to fmding a great Job outside the
Jook forward to working hard with military. Third, I look forward to not
our students both here and far away. wearing a uniform to work every day.

EXERCISE A Check (t/} one or both boxes for each statemcnt.

Lt Col Ut Col
Who said it? Perry Dalton

1. I'm proud to see people do well while they work for me.

2. I'm proud of spending years workinghard for my country.

3- Tm proud to be a leader,

4. T believe in doing my best in my Job.

5. I believe in the USAF's valúes.

6- I believe in alwaye speaking the truth.

7. I look forward to working outside the military.

8. I look forward to leading my teachers and writers.

9. I look forward to having more free time.

 EXERCISE B Complete the sentences wlth your own ideas,

proud of

be lieve in

I look forward to

Writing Working with paraphrases

RendatexlinAppendixJ.Then, withmtt iooking at the rcxt agQÍnrfitt in the missing

informotion bdow.
Paraphraseof The Dean
v

The job of'a deán in a US military English achool is O

He finds the best instructors who will 0 . the atudonts
and © which they use in class. He fífits

O for teachers, and he © Ihem.

The deán has to O _ fbr teachers and studunU. Tíiere
are fewer problt¡ms when the deán helps people &. ,
Also, the Q. will be better tomorrow because of ohanges the
deán makes. His biggest job is to lead the teachers by ©.

teach work together sdiool

solve problems promotes

importan t write the b()oks example

AMÉRICA» LANGUAGE
 Skills Writing the tapie, main idea, and title

A Day for Treea

The idea for Arbor Day atarted in Nebraska in
the 180Qs. This special day got its ñame from orbor, a
word that means tree in several difFerent languages,
In those days, Nebraaka, a state in the middlc part of
the US, had very few trees. People who moved to
Nebraska from other states were unhappy because
they liked to see trees and have them around their
homes, parks, and fie]ds. Among the people who
moved to Nebraska were a man and his wife from the
state of Michigan, a state in the northern part of the
US. Mr, and Mrs. Sterling Morton loved the outdoors
and apprecíated the importance of trees, They saw
that Nebraska needed to have trees for a better
future. Because Morton and his wife wanted lo be an
example íbr everyone, they began to plant large
numbers of trees on their Jand.
Morton also wrote articles about trees for the
newapaper where he worked. Peoplo became very
interested in hia ideas and began to realize how important trees were. Sooii aftcr lie
started writing his articles, people ín Nebraska began to plant trees, By the 187ÜS
Nebraska had more than one million trees, Morton was very proud to know that his
ideas helped. He was also very proud in 1872 when peopie choae Apnl 22, his
birthday, to be Arbor Day in the US,
Today people in all states do something special for Arbor Day. On this day,
people plant trees» talk with studenls about traes, go to foresta to take care of sick
trees, or read and learn about trees. Morton's ideas about the importante of treoa
have greatly changed Nebraska and the US for the better,
Topic:

EXERCISE Listen and write the topicT main Idea, and think of a tillo

Topic:

Main idea:

Title:
 Grammar Using the modal must when you're very sure

""^^ That'3 right, II

wet . It musí N suddenly started raining,
raining outside./ so I h:id lo run

Use the modal musito make your best guessfrom the Information you

Information Deduction(99%sure)
You're wet. It be rainíng.
They brought sbt children. They must have a big car.
He always wears hlue clothes. He like the color blue*
You aren't eating much dinner. You must not be hungry.

EXERCISE A FJII in the blanks wtth a guess using mustor must not.

1. You have an extremely expensive car You be ridi.

2. They don't want any water. They . be thirsty.
3. Our boss lookíi tired. She be worklng too hard-
4, Thatchairissmallandhard.You be uncomfortahle.
5. That student looks very sick. He _ feel well.
6, He's coughing and sneezing. He_ have a cold
7. They refuse to fly, They like airplanes,
8. He's very careíul wíth his money. He ^^ be saving to buy a house.
9, Hitabas alotoftrouble gettingtodass, She own a good car.

AMEHICAN U\NGUAGE COURSF

 EXERCISE B Complete the sentences wlth must + phrases from the box.
Use eacfi phrasc anly once- Nurnher 1 is an

be very sad
e staying home today
be a holiday
be moving feel very proud of him
be going away
not fit well have the wrong number
not understand it

1. l'm sony, caller. Al Creen doesn't Uve here. You must havg the wrong numter ,
2. Karl was just promoted to major His parents .
3. Today beca use no one has to go Lu tudtiy,
4- She can't solve the math problem. She
5, The movie she's watching because shcTs crying.
6. They worked hard all day. They ____ .,
7. You're walking very slowly. Your shoes __ rw_t

8. The Smiths _ íiince Mrr Smith got a Job ín a different 3tate.

9, John caTTed tu say he felt very sick, so he
10, Kate borrowed my suitcases. She for her vacation.

EXERCISE C With a partner, give your best guesawíth must.

1- Sgt Franks gets the best test score every week. Sgt Franks
2. The officers are goneh hut it's only 2 p.m- must study
every
3. My car won't start.
4. There*s a line of people to see that movie.
5. Jane alwaya wears red shoes. He mufit be ^\
6. Thatsuitcase ís tocjhecívy to lift. Why? very smart. J
7. Jim doesn't want anything to eat- —<
8. Carol looks upset
9. The oifice is very hot.
10, Your cell phone suddenly stops working while
you're talkingonit,
 Making guesses with may, might, could, and must

Modals %Sure
may
might 5G% or less
sure
could
must (notí 39% sure

Information Guesses
may the sun.

Here ¡a a picture. It might he s lake.

could ílowera.
•
More Information New guesses
must a storm.
The title ÍB Storm. it be
mupt not the sun.

EXERCISE A Read the dialogs where people make guesses.

1. Saifl; She wears a big diamond ring; he drivcs an expcnsive car.

Lee: They must be rich.
2. Jan: Look at a!I the cara in front of the Smith's housef
Mary: Tht?y might be having a party.
3. Fred; What Janguage is she speaking?
John: She's from Switzerland, ao it could be Germán, Italian, ur Fronch.
4. Sue: The maiJman didn't stop at our houac today.
Bob: He must not have any mail fur us.
5. Rex; There's the Wilson's houae. Let's drop in and visit fur a minute.
LÍE: They might want us to cali íírst.
6. Phil: Do you want to eat supper outside?
Dave: No^ the sky looks dark. Il may cain.

AMERICAN LANGUAGÉ COURSE

 EXERCISE B FJir In ttie blanks with may, might, could, must, or must not,

1. The sky looks very dark. It's only 2 p.m.

It rain.
2. Jane goes to bed every night at 10 o'clock. It's midnight now.
She be in bed now.
3. Someone's at our front door. Our friend Ray is at the movies.
It be Ray,
It be John.
4. The school ia closed. It's 10:30 a.m. on Tuesday, but no one's here.

There be any dasses today.

It be a holiday,
5. AI said he was coming to the party tonight. It's 10 p.m., hut hp's not here yet.
John come later.
6- Karen^s at the airport arid is looking through her things. She looks vvorried,
Her ticket __ be lost.
She be looking for her pa^sport.
She have everything she needs.

EXERCfSE C Wrth a partner, mahe 2 Quesees from the information faelow.

Use may( might, could, must, or must not Write yoUr guesses on the hnes.

1. I've callcd Mary three times, but no one's answered the phone,
a.
b.

2. Lt Gwt-ns just found out his score on the test that he took. He's vt?ry happy,

a
b
 Vocabulary Five meanings with "turn

Study the diaiof¡ and tfa> defínitioits. Tken write ¡vorda from the gray box íhat con follow
turn up or turn down.
Kevin: I like that music, but I can't ht-ar it well.
Robert: Til turn up the volume of the radio.

V Turn up: to Increase, glve somethrng more strength, oflen by turnlng a knob.

V Turn dawn:todecrease,takestrengrth away, often by turnlng a knob.

tum up

the Ubrary
turn down
televieion
(S) volume

EXERCISE A Study the dialog and detinitton. Complete the second dialog.

Kevin: I heard you lost your keys. Did they turn up yet?
Robert; Yes, I fínally found them. They turned up underneath the

V To tum up also means we havs found somethlng after we lost it.

You found my wallet!

Where did it
on top of the coffee makcr.
I saw it when 1 went to
get some cofTee.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 EXERCISE B Study the diaiog and definittons. Complete the sacond dlalog,
Kelly: Okay, roommates. WWs going to clean the fridge?
Betb: I did it last time. It's not my turn to clean it again.
Lora: We should all take turna. 111 do it next,
Kelly: Okay, then I'll take my turn after you,

V Turn is also a noun that means your duty, or your chance to do something.
A
*** 7o teto turns means to folíow a plan In a certain order.

IVe waited long

enough! I want to
my

EXERCISE C FUI m the blanks with words from the box. Change sorna verbs.

turn up turn down turn (n) take turna vohimc

1. Sandra: I like that song. Can I the of themusic?

Jano: Sure. Excuse me for a momcnt. I doo't want our food to burn, so I'm
to the oven.
2. Ted: Did your watch ?
Sam: Yes, it . ^ beaide my shoes underneath my desk.
3. Vera: Where*s my driver's license?
Fred: Don't worry. Itll if we look hard enuugh.
4- Larry: It's cold in here. Can you the heat?
Debra: But I'm too hot. I want to the heat
5. LtCole: I can't hear the TV The volume is too low.
Lt Barr: the
6. Teacher: Class, let's play a game now, Patty will have a _ farat.
Then David. Then each of you will have a .. In ihis way,
you can all and play the game.
Grammar Modal review

Totalkabout... Moda I s Examples

must Yfití musí arrive on time ai

necessity
have to We hav? to go to work every day.

no necessity not have to You dftn't have to wear a tie.

prohibition must not We mast not smoke inside.

WÍ1I rilseeyou tomvrrow.

future
be going to We're going to fly to Europe nexí wtxk.

could Couldf Wouldyou help mt, pí

would Can/Wilfyou. help me, piense?
requests
can Yes, I can/will.
will Sarry, I can't.

EXERCISE A Match ti ic sentences that are similar in meaning.

/ is an

1. Will yon help me move this box? a. Fm not going to be there.

2. We naveta talk to the colonel.
3. I don't aUow eating in my clasa.
4. I won't go out tonight.
5. Fm going to leave ncxt week,
6. You must not be late.
b. We don't have to have one.
c. Could you he!p me move it?
d. You must come on time.
e. We must speak to him.
f. riLdepartnextTuesday.

7. We can choose to wear a hat or not. g. 1 have toscore well,

8. I must get a good grade. h. Can yau take this back, picase?
9. Would you return this for me? L You must not bríng íbod in here.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COUHSE

EXERCISE B Underline the rnodals in the sentences.
sentence with the modal'sparpase. Wnte íhe fefter. Number 1 ¿san example.

1, When are you going to malí that letter?

Purpose
2. Would you lake me to the movies?

a. necessity 3, Fm sorry, you nlust not smoke here.

4. You have to study hard,
b. no necessity
5. Toda/s Saturday, so you don't have Lu get up.

c. proh ib ilion 6. He doesn't hesr weJI, so you must spcak loudly.

7, WJicre will you stay when you'ro in New York?
d. future 8. Do we have to leave already?
9. Could you hold tho door for me, please?
e. requests
10, You must not go faster than 30 m.p,h. on base.
11, Could you ho]p mn with tliis problera?
12. We won't go on vacation this summer.

EXERCJSE C Write a new sentence with a modaí for each purpose above.

a.

b.

c.

e.
 EXERCISE D Use the charla to say the seo re that each student will get next.
Use a atore/rom thegTay box to the righí. Une the modal wilJ ¡n
EXAMPLE: I thínk Ralph will get a 13 on his next test.

Newest
Test Seo res
seo res
Ralph Cindy Fred Liz Beth Greg 44
3 months ago 3 85 44 29 97 42 *3
2 months ago 9 87 48 30 99 36 ±8
lasl monto 14 86 55 33 93 41 99
Unís month 10 86 60 29 97 3fi 31
next month 13 S7

EXERCISE E Change the ideas to plans for the futura. Use BE gotng to.

EXAMPLE: We could have a party, We're going to have a party.

1. I hope to travel lo Hawaii.

2. Saní should see a doctor,
3. They want to be pilots.
4. Run should be on the team.
5. I'd like togo tobedearly tonight.
6. The manager may raise prices-
7. Classes might endearly today-

EXERCISE F Match the response to the roques!. Write the letter.

1. Would you help me lift this? a. Sure. 1 can repoir it for you.

2. Can you please lend me a pen? b. Okay, TU tell them.

3. Could you fix my lamp, please? c. Sony, I can't. I have a bad back.
4. Will you tell your friends to be quiet? d- Yes, here's one for
5. Would you check thia bilí, please? e. Sorry, I can't. 1 don't have a
6. Could vou drive me to class? f. Yes, 1 will. ts Ihere a mistake?
 EXERCISE G Use the rules io make sentences with musí A must not.

You must not drive

over 70 miles per hour
on highways.
1. Don't drive over 70 m.p.h- on highways.
2. Always keep your driver's license with you,
3. Don't drive under 45 m.pJi. on highways.
4. Don't drive over 20 m.p.h. near a school.
5. Don't croñS double yeliow lines to pase.
6, Go forward when the light is green.
7. Don't drive through a red light.
8, Always wear your scat belt,
9. Always obey pólice officers.
10. Stop for pedestrians.

EXERCISE H FIN In the blanks with must notor do/doesflot have

1. On Sundays, students go to school in the US.

2. Aclerk. be rude to customers,
3. We have a lot of time, so we . hurry.
4. Look! The sign says No Porking. You park here.
5- If Ken'snot feelingwell, he cut the grass today.
G. Children run in the school's lunch room.
7, We have a choice about lunch time. We go now.
8. There's no lino at the post office, so you wait.
9. Annjust tookashower. She takc a bath.
10. That bread is oíd and looks green. You eat it.

BOOK14 LESSON3
-USER NOTES -

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQUREF

4
A vacation promise
VOCABULARY: YOQ promised 10 take me on vacation * , . - 96
Going onlino. . , , 97
Usingthe Internet to plan a trip 98

GRAMMAR; Comparing how well students spelJ - .100

VOCABULARY: Thc ílightto Seattle 102

READING: Writing the topic 105

LISTENING: Listening to two texts lOfí

VOCABULARY: An e-maiJ from Jim 107

GRAMMAR: Uaing modals in reported speech. 111

DIALOGS: Re porting information 114

GRAMMAR: Vsingought to when you give edvice 116

READING: Workingwithsummaries 117

 Preview What's new in Lesson 4?

NEWVOCABULARY

Nouns Verbs Other

computer attempt (to) abroad
e-mail board ¡accidental
fare cancel ymdentally
group e-mail as 3oan as
Internet ought to better/best tadv)
passenger premisa (to) byínolater than)
promiae put * put/put aside by arcident
reiré shment report by oh anee
report smell foreign
seat take a chance just as
amell taate lucky
taste tour un íushig)
tour on and ¡>n
tourist online
w^bsite
smooth
smoothly
worse

GRAMMAR STRUCTURES LANGUAGE FUNCTION

Dan's shoes are too tight. He ought to get Ask aboul, clarily, and report what
another pair someone else has said.

Ben will arrive by six o'clock. You don't have to pay the fare-
What did you say? WhatdidNíck&ay?
T sald Ben would arrive by six o'clock. He said wt didn't have to pay
Carla draws wcll / badly, the fare.
Ed draws better / worse than Carla.
Al draws the bcst / worst.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQUfiSE

Vbcabulary You promised to take me on vacatron.

Pam: Jim, 1 hope you remember your promise. You said that we could take a
vacation this summer. It's time to make plang,
Jim: You're right. I promised you that we*d take a tríp thie year Would you lik«
to go abroad this summer, or would you like to travel in the States?
Pam: I would like to go abroad, but I don't think we've put aside enuugh money
to do Ihat Airline fares will be too expensive. I might enjoy going to a city
in the US where Tve never been before, maybe San Francisco ur Seattle,
What do you think?
Jim: A trip to Seattle sounds like a great idea. WeVe never been there. We could
take some tours and do gome sightseeing on our own. And you know,
baseball is a popular sport there, We might be lucky enough to see a
Mariners game. You know how much I lave baseball.
Pam: Let's turn on the computer. We ought to look online for information.
There must be plenty of websites that can help us plan a trip.
Jim: Ükay Let's slart looking.
 EXERCI5E A Who said it? Check (t/) the boxjes}.

1. prornised they'd take a vacation ihis summer?

2. aaid it wag time to make travel plans?
3. would like ta travel abroad?
4. wanted to take a triplo Seattle?
5. said thoy should go to San Francisco?
6. would like to see a baseball game?
7. said airline fares for travel abroad were too high?
8. said they ought to go to a travel agency?
9. wanted to go online for information?

EXERCISE B Complete the sentences with words from the box.

promise put asid e tour lucky

online fare computar
website ought to prumiaed ahroad

1, What'a the taxi to get from here lo the airport?

2, We took a bus _ of the city.
3, Itryto a little money every month for my college education.
4- For more information about the university, please visit our
5. I'll never lie to you again, You have my
6. You take aday or two off work, Gerald. You lonk very ti
7. Ted his father that he'd come to visit him next month.
8. Mr. Masón often goes He has to travel tu many countríes.
9. To do my homework, I needed to use my to go .
to get more Information.
10- Jim's very .. He found the keys that he lost yesterday.

AMERICAN UVNGUAGE COUR5E

 Vocabulary Going onffne
•^^^^^"-^ —

HOME MAPS & TOUR PUNNEH RESTAURANTS WEATHER SPORTS SHOPPING

Morning in Seattle!
Start your day by getting up with the sun.
Tour Pike Place Market, a favorite sight
for many American and foreign tourists
who come to Seattle. Get a cup of SeattTe's
wondcrful coffee and walk around the
Market. Enjoy a pleasantttiorningtouring
the fish market, fruit and ílower stands,
and gift shops. You will love the sights,
sounds, smells, and tastes that you find in the Market, Then walk down to
the waterfront for a delicious lunch. In the afternoon, take a boat tonr, shop in
Seattle's beautiful downtown, or ride the elevator
up to the top flúor of the Space Needle®, Seattle'a
building, whcre you will have a great view
of the city, the mountains to thü weat, and the
wüUjrfront to the
north.

EXERCISE In pairs, ask and answer questlons about the website.

1. What is a favorite tourist aight for both American and foreign visitors?
2. What can a person see there?
3. What does the website say the tourists will love?
4. What do you think are some of the smells a tourist will find in the Market?
5- What other ideas does the webaíte have for tourists?
6, What can a person aee from the top of the Space Needles?
Vocabulary Using the Internet ío plan a trip

As soon as Pam and Jim decided they wanted Lo go to Seattle, they got
on. the computen They used the Internet to ílnd out about flights, notéis,
tours, and other importan t Information,
Jim started planning by luuking online
for the cheapest airline i'ares. When he found
a flight at a price he could affbrd, he
ímmediately made reservations. He didn't
want to take a chance of losing a good fare.
Jim made a reservation for a room in a good
hotel in downtown Seattle, Jim ulsu looked
for the Seattle Mariners* baseball schedule.
By chance, they would be playing while he
and Pam were in town. He boughL twu
tickets for the game. Jim fclt very liiíiky to be
able to see one of his favorite teams duriug
his vacation.
Pam then wcnt online to find other
Seattle websites. While she waa looking for information about restauranta,
Ehopping, and toura for different age groups and iotereats, she found an
online tour planner by accident. It helped her plan her own walking Luur
of downtown Seattle that would take her to the most inleresting sighte in
the city.
EXERCISE A Read the sentences. Write T for true and F for false.

1. Jim and Pam used the Internet to find information about Seattle.

2. Jim couldn't find a cheap airline flight that he Uked.

3. Jim made a reservation for a hotel room in a Seattle suburb.

4. By chance, there will be a Marinera game while they are in town.

5. Jim lo ve shas eball.

6. Pam knew about the online tour planner before she got onlme,
7. Pam planned a walking tour of downtown Seattle.

AMERICAN UNGUAGE COURSE

EXERCJSE B Match the Jtalicized words with those havlng a similar meaning.

1. We toured downtown Seattle fur hours. a. eat a little

2. I met her by accident at the malí, b. aeveral

3. YouVe a lucky maní You have a greatJob. c. using

4. Cali me as SGGTI os you hear from Bill. d. when

5. Have a taste of the soup, It's delicioua. e. online

6. How many foreign languages do you speak? f. having good luck

7, Lots oí tourists visit New York City. g. by chance

8, AgroiipofstudQfits toured the city. h. vi&ited andsaw

9, Ms, Kane is on the phone now. She'll i. from another country

speak to you later.
10. You can go on the Internet to find j. visitors who sightsee
international news.

EXERCISE C In palrs, ask and answer questions with Have you

Have you ever toured Yes, I have.

an American city? I toured Washington, DC
last year.
1. ... toured an American city?
2- ... played or sung in a music group?
No, I haven't.
3- ... broken a promise? I just airived
in the US.
4. ... used the Internet?
5. ... forgotten a friend's birthday?
6. ... taken a chance and tried foreign
food that you've never eaten before?
Grammar £
1 Comparing how well students spell

I
iPELLING TEST SCORES the best (3)
ID Number Score
hetter íthan)
30412 100
21215 95 wcll

30206 81

30621 69 badly

31010 67
worac (than)
30817 65

31004 53 the worsfc (Q)

EXERCISE A Listen and fill in the blanks.Then repeal the sentences.

1. Kate spells .. She spella Lee and ScotL

2. Tinaspells She spells Gary.
3. Tinaspells Bob.
4- Bobspella Tina,
5, Robín got a score of 100. ñhe apella
6, Bobgotonly 53 points. He spells
7, Robín spells the students who took the spelling
8- Bob spells the students who took the test.

EXERCISE B Sean the chart and answer the questiona.

1. Does Lee spell better thau Kate?

2. Does Bob spell worse than Scott?
3, Who spells the worst, Tina, Gary or Scott?
4- Who spells the bcst, Lee, Kate, or Robín? „
5. Whospells worse, Gary or Kate?
6. Who spells better, Lee or Scott? .
AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE
 EXERCISE C Fill rn each blank wlth the correct form of wett or badly.
Complete cock sentertce with betler than, worse than, the best, o'" tho worst.

1, Do woinen cook men?

well

2. Do boys do girls in school?

badJy

3. He playa soccer of any player Tve ever seen.

well

4, Tom shoots _ of any hunter I know.

badly
5. Use this websito. It works thc other one.
well
6. Herb spoke , of all the speakers at thu
badly
1- We all sing pourly, but I sing ofall.
badly

8. I thinkyou spell
well

EXERCISE D Look at the chart and the statements. Gírele the true statements.

1, a, Hal throws darts the best.

b. Hal throws darts better than Joi?.
DART GAME c. Joe throws darts the best.
SCORECARD d. Tim throws darts better than Hal,
2, a. Tim throws darts the worst.
Joe Ha! b. Hal throws darts worse than Tim.
c. Tim throws darts worse than Joe,
126 75 d. Joe throws darts the worst.

102 75 64
3, a, The men played darts the worst in Game #3.
b. The men played better in Game #2 than In #l r
c. The men played the best ín Game #1.
137 99 d. The men played Game #3 worse than #2.
 Vocabulary The fíight to Seattte

Twenty minutes before the

plañe took offf Jim and Pam
boarded the plañe for
Seattle. There were many
passcngers, and the pLane
was very crowded. Just as
they found their seats, Jim
and Pam saw Lori and Dave
Petera, some people they
knew, who were sitticg in the
seats behind them. By chance,
Dave and Lori werc also going
to Seattle. This accidental
meeting was good luck. Jim
and Pam had friends to talk
with on the flíght.
The trip lasted three hours. There were no meáis on the flight, but the flight
attendants served refireshments, They brought snacks and offered the passengers
soft drinkfi and coffee, Jim could smell the coffee and chose it instead of a soíl
drink. Big mistake! He tasted the coffee» but it was weak and he didn't like the
taste, Jim told Pam that the
coffee smelled good but tasted
awful.
During the trip, the pilot
told the passcngers the flight
would be quite rough
because of bod weather. He
told the passengers to fasten
their seatbelts. Later? the
weather got better, and the
reat of the flight was
smooth. Then the pilot told
the passengers that they
could movü around on the
plañe.
When the plañe arrived in Seattle, the sun was shining, and the city looked
beautiful. The weather in Seattle is often cloudy and rainy, but for Jim and Pam's
vacation, the weather was terrific, They felt very lucky-

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQURSE

EXERCISE A Summarize the story by putting Ihe statements m order.

1. Later, the weather got better, and the flight became smooth.

2. Jim tasted the coffee. It was awful.

3. The plañe arrived in Seattle, where the sun was shiníng.

4. Jim and Pam boarded the plañe.

5. The flight attendanta served refreshments.

6- Jim chose coffee tnstead of a son drink.

7. Just as they found their seaist they saw some people th^y

8- The pilot to]íí the passengers to fasten their ¿eütbelts because of

the bad weather.

EXERCISE B Match the topic withjts examples. Write more ítems II you can,

a. b.
things that krnds of things that
can be smooth refreshuaents can be rough

1. fruit, chips, juice, soft drinks, coñee» teat cookies,

2- glass, silk, bab^a skin, calm water, a trip, a flight

3. a wool sweater, an oíd road, a trip, a man's face beforc shaving

EXERCISE C Write the letter otthe word Ihat belongs with the others.

a.
foreign seat fare

1, bicycle , passenger , front

2- bus , taxi , train , plañe

3- country, language, tourist business

EXERCISE D Match the questlons with the answers.

a, The weter was

too rough. (/b. At 10:15,

c. Soft drinks and

sandwiches.

1. What do tourista liko to visit ifl

Seattle?
2. Why didn't Pam like the boat tnur?

3. Why are you 30 Inte?

4. Do I smeli the ocean?
5. Was your meeting accidental?

6. What time will we boord the plañe?

7. How many passengcrs are on the
boat?
8. Whíit kind of refreshments did the
flight attendant

t\ Pike Plüc:cí Market,

the waterfront, and
the Space Needle*.

e, Tm aony, I got home

just as soon as 1 could.

Yes, 1 didn't know Lori and h. Yes, wehre near

Dave were going to Seattle the waterfront.

AMERICAN UNGUAGE COURSE

 Reading Wríting the topic

Reeid the text, and wriíe i he topic.

Words We Don't Mind Repeating

Two keadfí are better than one. Cloíhes make the man. An army trovéis on its
stomach. All three of theso statements are examples of proverbs that are popular in
the US. We can probably find these sanie proverbs, or proverbs that aro similar, in
other countries.Exactly what are proverbs? Proverbs are short statements, usualiy
one sentence, which give advice or aay something that most people believe is truc.
Proverbs tell about things that have happened beforo and will happen. again- A
ñtatement bccomeíi a proverb when people repeat it to each other many times, and
when older people repeat it lo yuunfier
people. Párente often likc to edúcate their
children by telling them a pruvtrb to teach
an important lesson, Naturally, purents
want to raise their childron the right way
r
^ i I n fatt t many parents enjoy hearing that
mfL their children are hke tiiom. In the US we
fíf $ % have a proverb that saya tfte applu doeyn't
- '-.' ^^^ fall far (rom the tree. Does your country
have a similar proverb?

Topic:
V
%f
J v
¿ -^
BOOK14 LESSON4
 Listenmg Listening to two texts

Listen to a tari. Then write the fnain idea and a title.

Main idea

Title

EXERCISE Listen to another text. Write the transitional words you hear.

2.
3.

5.
 Vocabulary An e-mait from Jim

From: Jim Sent: Mon. August 7 9:12 a.m.

To: Steve
Subject: Cancel next week's meeting.

Steve,
As you know, I attempted to cali you before we left for Seattle, but you were out
of the office. I left a message to tel! you that we need to cancel next week's
meeting. Rob hasn't finished his report on the Anderson account yet. I have
fimshed, and FU be ready to report on all new aucounts by the end of next week.
Our trip lo Seattíe went smoothly except for one small piece of bad luck. I
accidentaJly left my new Marincrs baseball cap in the hotoL But Pam and I had
a wonderful time. In fact, we wanted the vacation to go on and on.
E-mail me when you havü a minute.
Jim

EXERCISE A Complete the e-mail response with words from the box.

by chance cancel smoothly by

reporte e-mail attempted

Sent: Tues. August 8 7:30 a.m

Re: Cancel next week's meeting,

Jim,
Thanks for the . Your secretary called, so we knew that we had
to the meeting. WeVe moved the meeting to August 20.
Everyone should have their ready that date.
, I saw MaryAIice yesterday, She told mo that she .
to taüt wilh the bass about new work schedules. The boss told her that he was
very busy now with some personnel problems, but he would make time to talk
with our group vory soon. He will e-mail ua as soon as he can. I'm glad your trip
to Seattíe went so Can't wait to hear about it.
See you soon.
Steve

BOOKJ4 LESSQN4
 EXERCISE B Fill In the blank with ihe corred word.

1. Theschool classes today beesuse of teacher training»

canee led / toured

2. The passengers are ready to — the plañe.

go abroad/board

3. Stanis a good dríver He dríves and carefully.

accidtnLally / smoothly

4. TVrcporters news as &oon as it happens.

ought to/rcport

5, Pleaseñnish yourhomework — tomnrrow morning.

raugh / by

6, The child talked about the birthday ffifts he received.

as soon as / on and on

7. Thepilot to laod tíie plañe with on!y OHR engine.

attempted / put aside

8. In his , the búas said the company was losing money.

fare / report

9, Is thesouptoo salty? it and give me your opinión,

smoll / taste

10. Because ofmy cold,Ican't the se ílowers.

smell / taste

11. Karen locked the keys in the car

just as / accidentally

12. Joe has lived in many countries, but he doesn't speak a

lenguage. foroign /lucky

AMERICAN LA^JGUAGE COL'RSE

 EXERClSE C Gírele the answcr.

1. I have to get home bv six o'clock.

a. not after six o'clock
b. a little after six o'clock
2. They gave me refreshments at the party.
a, cofFee and cake
b. ilowers and gifts
3. A paasenger broke his arm in the bus accident.
a. the bus driver
b. a traveJer on the bus
4. Nathan oflen travels to a foreign coantrv.

a. a country that is not hís own country

b. everywhere in his own country
5. Our ílight to California was very mugh.
a. uncomfortable
b. relaxing

6. Melissa talked on and on about her trip to Europe. She

a. didn't stop talking
b. talked very little

7. They're canoeüne the flíght because of thc snowstorm. The

a. wíll leave sooner
b. won't leave
8. Debra's on the computer now.
•d. moving
b- using
9, Brent promisgd to wríte to me. He ^aid he wríte to me.
a. might
h. would
10. There were eight people in the , .
a. group
b. fare
11. Tina smiled after she - the soup.
a. tasted
b. reported
12. Mary _ . burned herfingeron the hot pot.
a. as soon as
b. accidentülly

13. Lüük al the size of the fish Paul caught! Today must be hia -_ day.
a. lucky
b. smoothly
14. Roger left work __ he finished writing his report. He didn't wait.
a. by
b. as soon as
15- There was a sweet - of flowers in the room.
a. taste
b. smell
16. There are a lot of hotels for _ in the downtown part of the city.
a. fares
b. tourists
17. Please take your _ . The movie will begin in 10 minutes.
a, seat
b, group
18. Have we __ cnough money to buy a car?
a, put aside
b. attcmpted
19. I serit _ . to Nick to tell him I couldn't come to the meeting,

a. a
b. an e-mail
20. You can use the internet to exchange information with pcople Fmm all partñ of
the worid.
a. go online
b. take a chance

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQURSE

 Grammar Using modaís in reported speech

Hi, Jim!
Are yo u going
to the meeting What did
tomorrow? v, Jim say?

Harry Jim Tom Harry

will be at the meeting at 2 p.m.

Jim said would be at the fneeting at 2 p.

*>
* Some modals change m reported speech. Some pronouns do, too.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

will would

am/ia/are going to going to

muat ¡necessíty)
liad to
ha ve / has to

do/does not have to didn't have to

must not íprohibition) must not

BQGK14 LESSOW4
 EXERCISE A Underline Ihe words that changad in the reportad speech.
Number 1 is an example. Tken, listen to your feacher read each settence, and repeaf.

1. Mr. Lee: My plañe will arrive at 7:30 p.m. What did he tell you?
He tola as (that) his plañe would arrive at 7:30 p.m,
2- Ms, Kay: You must not smoke inside this building. Whal did she say?
Sha said (that) we must not smoke inside this huilding.
3. Mr, Sun: I must get to the bank before 5 p.m. today. What did he sny?
He said (that) he had to get to the bank before 5 p.m. today.
4. Coach T: Boys, you don't have to take a shüwer after practice, Whüt did he suy?
He tola them (that) they didn't have to take a shower after prattice.
5. Ms. Pell: You must leave your test on my desk. What did she tell you?
She tola me (that) I had to leave my test on her detík.
6. Mr. Sim: I'm going to take my vacation next month. Wlmt did he say?
He said (thcttí he was going to take his vacatíon next month.

EXERCISE B Complete the sentences with changes for raported speech.

1. Richard: 11] hay a new truck tomorrow.

He told me (that) —._ buy a new truck. tomorrow,
2. Ms, Hill: I'm sick, and I have to take somc medicine for my EOFIÍ throot,
She said (that) __ sick, and __ -- to take s
medicine for _ sore throat.
3. Ms. Ray: You must not give your credit card to other peuple.
She told me (that) _ must not give _ . __ credit card
to other people.
4. Father: J&nnifert you don't have tu waah the dishes tonight.
He told her (that} __ have to wash the dística tonight
5. Teacher: You must turn in your homework at the start ofclasa.
The teacher told me (that) ___ turn in --
homework at the start
6, Jeremy: I'm going to be watching the soccer game tonight.
He said (that) _ guing to De watching the soccer güim? tordght.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COLJPS&

 EXERCISE C jynteariswers to the questions. Use modafs for reported speech,

Number 1 is att éxemple.

1. Tom: When is Justin goíng on vacation?
Bob: He's going in December.

Ray: What did Bob just tell you about Justin's vacation plana?
Tom: Bob tnld me íthat) Justin was going (üfl vacation) in Pecember,

2. Lt Cap: What time do we have to be in class?

LtHill: Wemust be there atG73Q.
U Lake: What did Lt Hill say about class?
LtCap: Shetoldme(that) _

3, Kevin: Do I have to wash the car this aftejrnoun?

Father: No, son. You don't have to wash the car today. It's Tina's turn.
Tina: Did Dad say you had to wash the car?
Kevin: No, he said (that) ,

4. Bub: Sir, I didn't havo time to do my homework. May I ímish it in class?

Mr- Olds: Certainly not. You must not do homework in class-
Ed: Did the teacher tell you that you could do your homework in class?
Bob: No, hetoldme(that)

5. Cecilia: We have a soccer game on Friday. When do we have to be there?

Kelly: We havo to be there by 10 a.m.
Sophie: What did Kelly say about the soccer game on Friday?
Cecilia: She said (that)

6. Jenny: The hook that I ordorcd has come in. Can you pick it up for me?
Glenn: Yes, I'll be driving past the hookstore after work, so Til pick it up,
Jon: Did Glenn say he'd pick up your hook?
Jenny: Yesh he saíd (that)
 Dialogs Reporting Information

What are you

doing here, Jim? Oh, lii! Umm.
You said yuu wcre well .
, thanks. T too ti red to go out Fin fbeling
ton tired to eo out better!

But later
that night
at a restauran!

Harry Jim Harry Jim

EXERCISE A Answer the questions, Start with You said...

1. Your friend says,Tm thirsty," so you bringher a hottle of water When you
give it to her, «he saya, "No, thanks."What do you say to your friend?

2. You planned a meeting at 2 p jn, with Pvt Williams. He saidh "I won't be late."
At 2:26, Pvt Williams fmally arrives, What do you say to Pvt Williams?
3. Your son said, 'Til clean my room before the Saturday gume." It's Saturday,
and the room isn't clean, Your son's going out the door, You ask, "Whore are
you going?" He says, Tm going to the game." What do you say to yuur son?
4. A friend said, "Don't worry. I can take you to the airport at 3 p,m, on Saturday,"
It's now Saturday. 3:30 p,m, and your friend ütill hasn't arríved. You cali him,
and he says he's resting. What do you say to your friend?
5- Your teacher said, TU always help you."Yüu ask for help one day, and shc
says, "I can't. Tm busy," What do you say to your teacher?
6. Your friend said, "I'm going to stop smoking^You see her a month later, but
shc*s smoking, What do you say to your friend?
 EXERCJSE B Silently pick any of the messages from Captain Smlth below,

Tken rcpart a ineasage from Captain. Smith ¡o o partner, who mili ask yon for it.
EXAMPLE: Message: My car is in the garage.
Student A: What ó\d Captain Smith say?
Student B: He said his car kvas in tHe garage.

Yesterday's Phone Messages from Captain Sniítl i

a. My car's in the garage. g- Eueryone can have an extra day off.

b. Lt Jones must finish the report» h. Til be very busy al! week.

(L. We don't have to buy a new computen

4
1. The men have to train at night.

d. The soldiers must eat early. .1- The coloriera going Lu urrivt late.

e. The unifornis will arrivc on Friday. k. The meeting must not last too long.

i: The army should have more women. 1, Order more paper for the oifice.

EXERCISE C Report the sign to your partner.

driuen pavt a traffic sign, andyou didn'í see it clearíy. A$k your paríner tv mport it to
ynu.
EXAMPLE: Student A: What d\d the sign say?
Student B: It said not to park there.

1. 2. DO NO
FISHING
NOT FROM
PASS BRIDGE

5. 7.
WRONG SPEED
LIMIT
WAY
70
 (3ra turnar Using ought to when you give advice

This cell phone

No3 yuu Khouldn't. Tf ít
can't take or send pictures, still works, you ttught to
Should I buy a new one?
be careful and savp your
monty for sumel
inore important.

Modal Base Form

be car e ful.
1/You/He/She/We/They ought to
save money.

V We use ought to the same way we use should and couíd, but only to give advice.

EXERCISE In paifs, study the problems and give advice witn ought to.

Nitmber 1 i.a tía exüiriple.

1. Your neighbor's cat is stuck in your tree and is makinfí a lot of noise.
YPLJ ought to ask the neighborto come and get the cat»

2. You gave all your friends your new cell number, but now you realize it's

. You left your coat in claas. You went back immediatety, but yüu canft find it now.

4. The mailman's been leaving mail at your house for the wrong person.

5. You want to stop smoking and get in shapc.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 Reading Working wíth summaries

Retid the text. Write a üummary ofit.

A Different Kittd of Ranch
Would you like to try a different
kind of place forynur next vacation?
Visit a dude ranch. These are special
ranches where you can ]earn how
people lived over 100 years ago in the
western United States. Dude ranches
are fun places to visit because there
are so rnany things to see and do
while you learn about the Oíd West*.
On a dude ranch, you can taste
the food that people used to eat and
see the way they cooked it in the Oíd
West, In those days, a ranch cook's
kitchen was a chuck wagón, a vehicíe uaed for cooking. A cook receíved much more
money than cowboys because he waa an extremely important person,
Besides the cook, there are other iuteresting people you can meet.You
meet the sheriff, a kind of pólice officer, You might see a blacksmith
making horseshoes from red-hot rnetaL
For more entertainment, you can ridc horaes, see "gunñghts,*
]earn western dances, play oíd games like horseshoes, and
watch cowboys on their horses while they work with cattle.
For many people, the best part of a vacation on a dude ranrh
is sitting around a fire at night and listening to stories about
the Oíd West. Cowboya love to talk about the past
There is so much to see, do, and learn at a dude ranch.
Fumifies «ho are lucky enough to spend a vacation at one will
certainly fee] that they have travelcd back in time to the Oíd
West.

BOOK14 LESSOW4
 3
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Oí

fu
QJ
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isr
 33
s Oí
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O
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fi
i
EXERCISE A Select the meaning of the underlined word.

1. J'in on the phone now. I'm talking to Cindy.

a. usingthe phone
b. dearúng the phone

2. The flight to England was very rough-

a. long
b. uncomfortable

3. The cows ure grazing on the hill.

a. sleeping on the land
b. eating planta and grass

4. Doyouhave of dollars?
a. two
b, three

5. Give all of the money to the children.

a. 75%
b. 100%
6. A lot of young people join the service after
a. history, science, and math classes
b. army, navy, and air forcé

7, Tro an E^Ü '" the US Army.

a. sergeant
b. prívate

8. The train fares are expensive this year

a, schedules
b. prices

9, He's an officor in the US Navy.

a. commander
b. aeaman

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COUR5E

 EXERCISE B Writethe US Navy officerranksfrom the lowesttothe highest.

captain O-l
Jieutenant júnior grade 0-2
lieutenant commander 0-3
ertsign O-4
lieutenant 0-5
commander O-6

EXERCISE C With a partner, categorize the phrases in the box-

mountain lake young calves tall silo huogry fish snowy mountain

windy day stone cahin cloudy aky dark forest high temperature

watering hole dirt road brown cow deep water sniall farmhouse

bigbarn wide valley wliite shed white bírde clcar

terribly cofd rathí?r sunny green hills fishing lakc grazing cattle

weather buildings animaTs land water

BOOK14 LFSEON5
EXERCISE D In pairs, tahelumsdescribing and drawing pictures.

AMERICAN LAHGUAGE COURSE

 f "-

" :
3GÜK14 LE5SON5
 EXERCISE E Use ihe füture p rogressive to complete the se n te n ces^

1 is an example*

1. The recruits will be exercisina f rom 0500 Lo 0700 tomnrrow.

exerciae
2. Where Al when he's ín París nest
stay
3, Mark_ English next year.
not study
4. SGTWoods to Houston neict month.
move
5. Mary this Friday. Tl's hor birthday.
not work
6. At 6 o'clock tonight, the students . to the librury.

7. My mechanic'a working on my car. I the búa nuxl week,

ride
8. In which restaurant you . _ lunch today?
eat

EXERCISE F Complete the sentences with when or ivftefe & your own words.
Nitmbers 1 is fin exampíe.

1. Throe o^iock ia the time when I gü to tha fiym .

2. Afflrmis a place

3. Winteris the season

4. That restaurant is the place

5. We went to a town

6, Midnight is the time

7. Cairo, Egypt ís the city

8. January Tl is the day _

 EXERCISE G Complete the sentences to report the átatements,
1 is an exarnple.
Mary: 'Til go to the library with Jim tonight,"
Mary told me (that) _ghe would 40 to the library wíth Jim tenia ht

2. Sam: "I have to plant the crops this month."

ñam said (that)

3. Teacher: "We may have a quiz tomorroiv.''

The teacher told us (that) _..

4. Sgt Wilstin: The recruits don't have to run any longer

Sgt Wilson aaid (thatj _

5. Mother; "Children, you must not run in the hnuse.

She told her children (that)

6- Cari: Tni going to the bank after work/'

He said (that)

EXERCISE H or soonto complete the sentences.

1. 1 wrote Wendy a letter and mailed it.

2. Lt Wells graduated from Qfficers School last week.

3. We need te» leave , or we'll be late for Lhe party,

4. Fm not hungry because I ate lunch.

5. Cali me - Please don't forget!

6- Dinner will be ready in ten minutes. Wc'll be eatirtg

7. Fm puttmg on my shoes now. I'H be ready to go

8. TheBX^ cío sed (i ve minutes ago.

 EXEHCISE I Listen to a text. Select its topic, main idea, and tifie.

TOPIC
a. job locations íbr Marines
b. Marine Corps training
c. basic military training
d, the US armed forces

MAIN IDEA
a. Marines get better training
than the other services.
TITLE
b. Marines serve both on land and
at sea. a. How Marines Stay in Shape
c. Marine Corps training isvery b. Hard Training Makes Marines Proud
difficult.
c. Passing Annual Physical
ó. It's hard to pass the Marine
Corps' physical exams. d. US Servicemen andWomen

EXERCISE J Listen and write the transition words you hear.

a. b. c. d.

EXERCISE K Match each sentence with the best advice.

1. It's vcry cold this moming, You ought tu be more carefuL

2. This is rny second car accident.
3. The müvíestarts in 15 rainuteB.
4. My doctor is never in. his office.
ñ. Ann's new computer isn't working,
6, His aister left hira three messages,
7, I don*t understand this math.
8, Is Sam going with us to the BX?
She ought to exchanfíe it-
He ought to cali her back.
You oufjhl to ask the teacher í'ur hetp.
You onght to cali hím and find uut.
You oughL to wear a coat.
We ought to go now.
You ought to change doctora.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 EXERCISE L Complete sentences with the adverbs in ( ) & your own words.
Nuruber 1 ¿s an example.

1. Those new leather shoes look expensive. (rather)

Oh, no. In fact h they were rather cheap
2. Tell me about the food at the new restauran!:, (a little)
I like it, but it's
3. Were the children unhappy about the rainy weather? (reallyl
Yes, they were because they couldn't play outdoors.
4. Was the test difñcult? (extrcmelyí
Yes, it was .
5. Are you pleascd with your new staiT sergeant? (very)
Yes, I am. lie works , .
6. How quickly did you read that book? (quite)
That book was very ínteresting, so I read it
7. Did she feel sorry about spilling the drink on you? (terriblyJ
Yes, she felt

EXERCISE M Fill in each blank with the correct form oflhe adverb in {),
1 is an examplc.

1. Pvt Seal writes bgtterthan (well) Pvt Lance.

2. Bill can't throw. He throws the ball (badly) B<ib (3ni]s.

3. Stan .síngs (well) of all the professionaJ singers I know.

4. Sue and I cook bfldly, but Ellen cootts (badly í of all.

5. David speaks quite well, but Henry speaks (woll) David.
6. Bob drives (badly) of all the students in bis; class.

7. SSgtWallsshoots (badly) SSgt Pike, He needs practice.

8. These are the students' scores in spelling: Jane: 90; Jack: 96; Diane: SO.
Jack spells (well) of the three students.
 EXERCISE N Use rnustor mustnoria fill in the blanks.

1. I see four candles on Jenny's cake. She be fouryears oíd.

2. Everyone'e looking for an umbrella. It. be raining outside.
3. Jim doesn't want to drink anythíng. He be thirsty.
4. John isn't answering his phone. He be at home.
5. Look at the jewelry Linda's husband bought her They be rich,
6. Ray takes the bus to work. He nave a car.
7. Vicky ísn't in clase today. She be eick.
8. They're waiting outside the library. It be Liniü fur it tu open yet.

EXERCISE O Complete the sentences using as...as and thc words in ().

1. John is 45 years oíd. I'm the same age, (be, oíd)

I John-
2. George works hard all the time. Ncd works hard sometimea. íwork, hard)
Ned George,
3. Kathy is very pretty. Her sister looks just like her, (be, pretty)
Ksthy her si&ter.
4. Yesterday it was S2°F in Miami, tn Phoenúí, it was the sume. íbet hot)
Yesterday Miami Phoeoijt.
5. Betty is 5' 7" tall. Lana is the same height, íbe, tall)
Lana
6. Soup costs $4.5tX Salad costs $5.00. (het expensivet
soup . salad?
7- Lt Ryan can j u m p u p to a height of 5 feet. Lt Jones can jurap 6 feet. (jump, high)
Can Lt Ryan Lt Jones?

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CGURSE

 EXERCISE P Complete each sentence with a gerund. Use the verb in ().

1. Ilookforward Lo (walk) to school every moming.

2. Ann was nervous about Itake) the test, but she passed.

3. Lt Smith'5 happy about (receive) a promotion.

4. Everybody believesin _ (have) fun at a party,

5. Clara didfl't have a reason for __ _ (be) late to class.

6. __ (ride} a bikc can be fun and

7. _ (swim) is something I uscd Lo cnjuy vhen I was

S. Is _ (esercíse) good for your health?

9. When Colonel Janssen retired. General Baldwin thanked him for

. (serve) his country well.

EXERCISE O Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

Yon will nutre (han once.

muaL doesn't have to

must not don't have to

1. We can sleep late on Saturday We . get up early.

2. His computer's operating well. He buy a new one.

3. You go out in the rain wíthout a coat or umhrella,

4. The bus arrives in five minutes. We catch it now.

5. T passed the test, so I study anymore.

6. Themanager told thcclerks they _ be rude to

customers.

7, Vehicle operators carry a lícense when they drive.

 EXERCISE R Circle the corred answer

3. The sergeant said that we smoke in the barracks.

a. hüd to
b* wouldn't
c. must not
2. My car's back from the méchame. You pick me up.
a. would not
b. dnn't have to
c. imist not
3. l'm tired now. I won't work tonight, I _ doit in the morning.
B, going to
b. had to
c. will
4, Tbm: What will you do after graduation in May?
Cari: l'm enlist in the navy.
a. would
b, going to
c.. could
5, Matt; . you holp me move this desk?
Don: Yes, I can.
a. Coutd
b. Must
c. Going to
6, Sgt Blake: When do you have to report to your ni?w base?
Sgt Clark: 1. be there no later than Saturday
a. must
b. would
c. could
7. We drive fast near a schao).
a. must not
b. not going to
c. don't have to
 EXERCÍSE S Match the 2 columns lo make complete sentences.

1. If you'rc going to wark in France, a. we have to wear tennis shoes.

2. If we're eating at that restauran! tonight,, b, yon won't pass the test.
3. If you haven't studíed yet, c. we must have a reservation.
4. Sandy will lose wcight d. learn French.
5. If we're going to run, e. if you haven't taken fine yet,
S. GQ take a shower f if she's exercising every day.

EXERCÍSE T Use the present progressive to complete the sentences.

1. You'll need more money if „ by plañe.

you / go

2. If in the army next summer, get in shape now.

you / enlist

3. Bring same bl-inkets if on the school picnic.

you / come

4, Stan shouki huild anewbarn if sheep.

he /raise

5. If for the teacher, she'll find him in the library.

shc / look

EXERCÍSE U Use the present perfect to complete the sentences,

L IfSam his homework, he can go to the movie.

ñnish

2. Think about going to Florida if you on a vacation yet.

not / decide

3. The chiidren may watch TV if they . their dinner.

fltiish

4- lf Tom from Sara, he'll let us know.

hear

5. If the colonel the meeting, he'U be here at noon.

not/ forget
 EXERCISE V Circle the best answer.

1. Poople build to crossrivers.

a. tabinn
b. bridg£3
c. forests
2. Ted his mother that he'd cali her every weekend.
a, promised
h. reponed

Captain Smith received a major

a, station for
b, retirement from
c, promotion to
4. How many does the baby have?
a. tooth
b. teeth
c. teeths
5, The on apple trees are usually pink and white.
a. blossoros
b. fariña
C. plants

6. The general will be the base tomorrow

a. boarding
b. louring
c. contiuuing
7. There are twenty on her cake.
a. picnics
b, giíls
a. candles
 8. The students always Friday.
a, blow out
b, look forward to
c, put as i de
9. The for a general is made up of one or more stars.
a, insignia
b, grade
c, duty
10. SchooJs in the US need to see a birth for each new studont.
a. location
b. website
c. certifícate
11. Jane found a $20 bilí un the street. She certainly had some good .
a. ludt
b. gift
c. song
12. Mr. Colé has over 500 sheep on his
a. píeme
b. ranch
c. crop
13. Monica didn't know abovit the party for her. It was a .
:i. veport
b, location
c. surprise
14. I can't to buy B car. I don't have enough money
a. etilist
b. sing
c. afford
15. Mr and Mrs. Jones have five
a. children
b. chtldrens
c. childs

BOOKI4 LESSON5
 EXERCISE W Complete the sentences with words from the box.
More than one atiKwer is possible.

could can wül wauld

are going to am going to

1. I'm co Id. Jane, . you cloae the window, picase?

2, Mark needs someone to help him with his homework.

yuu help him, please?

3. Sandra and Eric finish packing tonight. Thtir pli

leaves early tomorrow.

4. Capt Jones cali the restaurant to make reservationa

for dinner tonight.

5. IthinkWilma _ go to the doctor in the morning, She

called his office a few minutes ago,

6. Donna, yon help me move this sofá?

7. The phone's ringing. Mike, you atií>wor it, please?

S. I haven't heard from Gary. I cali him after wurk.

EXERCISE X With a partner, make and answer requests.

rmsorry, I cant.
I'm going
Could you dnve me I can take you
to the party? I'm not guing to the
party.

COURSF
 APPENDIX A Word List

a grean thumb ................... 2 calf / calves ..................... 2

a little (adv) ..................... 2 cancel ................ . ......... 4
alot (adv) ...................... 2 candle . . .............. , , . ...... 3
abroad (adv) .................... 4 captainíO-6» .................... 1
accidental ................ - ..... 4 cattle .......................... 2
accidentally, - ....... . ....... . . . . 4 certifícate ........... . .......... 3
advanced (adj) ................... 1 chante ............... . ...... . . . 1
afford .......................... 3 come over ....................... 3
ainnan basic .................... 1 ccrafortable ^> ................. 3
airman first class ................ 1 oommander (G-5) ............ . . . . 1
all (pronj ........... - ...... - , . . . 3 cnmputer ............ . .......... 4
armt?d forces .................... 1
around íadv) .................... 2 continué ^> ............ ........ 3
corporal ................. . ...... 1
as soon as ...................... 4
- ........ . ..... 1 couplt ^> ...................... 3
cnw . .......................... 2
attempt (tof crup ........................... 2
8
bar(n) ......................... 1 deslroy ................. - ....... 2
barn ........................... 2 destniction ..................... 2
basic. , . , .................. -,, ..1 dirt ............ ................ 2
be assií-ned ..................... 1 drnp by .............. .. ......... 3
be born ............... . . ..... . . . 2 drop in ........ . .............. . ,3
be bürn ......... - ............... 3 duty ........................... 1
be prumoted ....... . ............. 1
he atalionud ......... . ........... 1 E-l/E-6 ........................ 1
be up for ................... . . , .1 e-mai] (o) (v) , . .................. 4
because of (prep) ................. 2 enlífit .......................... 1
helieve fin) ...................... 3 enfisted (adj) ............ - ....... 1
beside (prep) .................. ,.3 ensign (0-1) ............... . ..... 1
besidos fadv) Iprep) ............... 3 extremely ....................... 2
better / btst (adví ................ 4
tare. ... ...................... . .4
birth ........................... 3
farm ................... . ..... . . 2
bírthday ........................ 3
bloom tv) ................ . ...... 2 farmtr ......................... 2
blcssom (n) (v) .............. . . . . .2 follow-on tratning (FOT} .......... 1
forcé (ni ..................... -, .1
blow —* blcjw / blown out ........... 3
foreign ....... . ................. 4
bíiard (vj ............. - ...... . , , 4
bridge. . . ...................... .2 fnrest .......................... 2
írom now on ..... , . ............. .3
broke(adj) ...................... 3
bull ............................ 2 3
by (prep) ................... .... 4 gíi over ...................... ., , 3
by atcident ..................... 4 grade ín) ...... . ................ 1
by chance .................. . . . .4 graze (v) .............. , , , ....... 2
cabin . .3 group (n) , . ..................... 4

BGQK14 APPENDJXA
H promiae (tu) 4
harvest (nKv) 2 promole -- 1
horse , - -- - .2 prometían. 1
prcmd 3
in(full)ljloom 2 proudly ,3
insignia -- 1 pul —• put / put aside 4
Internet 4 Q
R
just as (coiy) 4 raise(v) 2
K ranch 2
L ranchar . . , , - -,,.2
lance corporal -.,,. 1 rather(adv) 2
líeutenant{Q-3> 1 recruit ín) .,.,,. 1
lieutenant cunimander 1 reflect 2
lieíatenuiit júnior grade ....---,... 1 reflection 2
light — l i t / l i t 2 refreshment 4
lócate 2 report (n)(v) 4
2 retired (ac\j) 1
forward to - 3 retirement 1
luck 3 rich 3
lucky , , - -- 4 rough \¿> -4
M
make —* made / made (cause) 2 scared
Marine Corps ,. .1
much (adv) 2 apiirentice
mustím) . 3 acaman
N
noncommitísitmed nfficer (NCQ). seat (n) 4
sénior iiirniun - , ... 1
Q-l/G-6 1 serví? ,.1
on (prep) 4 service - 1
on and Oil - 4 sheep 2
online (a<jj) (advt 4 fiilo 2
opportunity 1 sing —f sang/sung 3
ought to (m) 4 smell (n) (v). 4
smooth (adj) \g^ 4
passenger 4 smoothly . , . - ^4
peraonnel 1 soíl • 3
petty o f f i c ü r . . , , - - 1 softly
picnic {n) 2 song
plant(n)(v) 2 specialist -
poor ^ 3 staff sergcant ,
poorly 3 stntion (n) (v)..
<n) -,, 3 aurprise (n) 3
fadv) 3
private -- 1 take a cluince - ,,. 4
prívate first tlasa 1 takc caro of 2
probabíy - ---.... 2 tíikfi turns -..- 3
promise (n) 4 taste(nKv) , 4
technical sergeant 1

AMERICAN LflNGUAGE CQURSE

 thick 2
tüiirlnHv) 4
tosirist 4
train (v) 1
training 1
turn(n) 3
turn dowtl .3
t u m u p <|> 3
U
uncumfortable ^> 3
underncath (prep) 3
V
valley 2
voliime 3
W
websile 4
wheat 2
vvhen (adv) 2
where (adv) - 2
worse /worsUadv] 4
wrapív) 3
X
¥
Z

BOOK14 APPENDIXA
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN LANGUAGF CCURSE

 APPENDIX B Structure List

PART OF STRUCTURE WORD OR LESSON

SPEECH SENTENCEPATTERN

Adverb Comparison: David drives better than Joe-

hetter I best* worse ! worst

Adverb Degree: The weather has been

extremely, quite, rather, extremely dry.
really, terribly, very

Adverb Time: finished studying.

jiíst ¡ soon I will go home soon.

Adjective (restrictive): January is the month when I

with when or where was born-

C lause Adverb: ifyou 're leauing tomtti-rvw,

If with conditions to you shouíd pack tonight
expresa present / future
probability

C lause Adverb: h(iuen*t seen the moi/ie

Z/'with conditions to yet, go see it tonight.
express indefinito past
prabability

Cía use Adverb: Matt isn't as íall as Bill,

as + adj. or adv. + as to Bob runs üs fast as CarJ.
express equality and
inequality

Noun Plurals review; Mr, Smith has five children.

regular and irregular

Noun Gerunds: Walking is eood exercise. 3

as subjects and after I look forward to seeing yoa.
prepositions

300K14 APPENDIXB
PARTOF STRUCTURE
SPEECH
Reported Present tense statements
with say or tell and
reported modals: will, be
going to, nttixt> haife to, not
kaue Lo, musí not
Verb Future progrese! ve
Verb Modala must and tnust not Sara isn'theí-e. Shc must he
for deduction or probability
Verb Modal ought to for advice
Verb Modal review:
Neceasity: must, haue to,
No necessity: not + have to
Prohibitian: musí not
Future action or condition:
SE going to, will
Kequesta: could, would,
can, and will (can, can't,
and utill in responses)
WORD OR LESSON
SENTENCE PATTERN
Ben will arrive at 2 o'clock,
What did you aay?
J said that Ben would arrive
at 2 o'clock.
We will be tomorrow.
1 ought to save more money.
You must arrivt! oti time to
work.
You dtm't have to wear a tie.
We musí not smoke insidc,
Bob will see you tomorrow,
They are going to loave soon.
Could you help me, pleaae?
Yes, lean/will.
Sorry, I
AMtflICAN LA^GUAGE COURSE
t APPENDIX C The English ATphabet

TYPESCmPT HAND PRINTED CURSI VE

CAPITAL SHALL CAPFTAL 5 HALL CAPITAL SHALL

A a A 3 A &
B b B b B A
C c C C G C

D d D d 3 d
E e E e e e
F f F f $ i
G E 0 a Q 9
H h H h J k
•

I i 1 i 9 t
•

J J J i f
K k K k K ¿
L 1 L 1 I i
M ni M m M m

N n N n A a

O o 0 o 0
*
P P P P 0 f

Q q Q 1 2 9
R r lí r S
*
S s S B S
*
T t T t -7 ¿
U u U J 44 a
V V y y V a

w w w w W at

X X X X X ..
Y y Y y fy t
Z z Z z 3 ?

ROOK14 APPENDIX C
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN LflNGUAGE COURSE

 APPENDIX D American English Sounds

English is not speJJed phonetically. The same sound is spelled severa! difFerent ways.
For this reason ít ís helpfui to assign sepárale symbols to each sound. The following
is the Internationa] Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) system. Twenty-four (24) consonant
symbols, eleven (11) vowel syrabols, and five (5} symbols representíng díphthongs
are used tci represent the significan! sounds of American English.
These charts are only aids and not to be memorized. However, the students muat
be aware of the difíerent soundü represented in these charts, They must be able to
recogniae and repeat them accurately.

VOWELS CONSONANTS
Symbol Exampfes Symbol Examplee
/>/ he, meet, teach, chief /p/ past, stop, put, pnpcr
/i/ in, is, sit, big /b/ bed, baby, barber, lab
day, make, train, vem, steak /l/ take, sent, ten, gentJe
ftf metr let, saíd, bread /d/ dato, ñtudent, do, hard
cash, halí^ laught hantl /W carh chemical, recorder, book
father, far, heart, pot, not /9/ gas, eggsh dog, cigor
all, saw, bought, caught /mi annt my, number, from
gof know, coat, tow, poíe /"/ noh line, find, noon
book, took, good, should /f)/ sing, long, wrong, rank
/u/ food, blue, bíew, do, soup /!/ well, laboratory, alwaya, Let
cup, aun, sun h enough /r/ read, course, tnrh write
/oí/ T, nice, tie, boy, by, write /V fanncr, afTirm, phonc, hiugh
noise, boy, point, oil /v/ very, give» live, seven
out, now, town, mouth /9/ thank, Thuradiiy, baLh, north
ago h alphabet, listen, student /fl/ the, this, these, weather
her, bírd, doctorh earn /a/ see, this, Jcsacn, tapo¿
íf-l zero, rose, blowsh dozen
í\l ship, tiation, should, push
/i/ pleasure, measure, usual
/b/ have, he, how, hot
/[[/ chaír, lcaobf¡rh picture, march
/d3/ judge, bridge, page, July
/w/ we, waJk, wish, away
/]/ yes, you, yesterday, young

APPtNDIXD
-USER NOTES -

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 APPENDIX E List of Contractions

aren't - (are not) we'U (we will /we shall)

can't - (cannot) weVe (we are)
couldn't - (could not) weVe íwe have)
didn't - (did not) what's (what isj
doesn't - ídoes not) where's - (where is)
don't - (do not) who's íwho is /who has)
hasn't - (has not) won't (will not)
haven't - (have not) wouldnt - (would not)
he'd - fhe would / he had) you'd (you wouid / you had)
hell - íhewíll) you'll {you wül)
he'a - (he i s / h e has) you're (ynú are)
how's - (how is) you've (you have)
Td - Ílwould/Ihad)
I'lí - ÍIwLlI/Ishall)
l'm - (lamí
Tve - (1 have)
isn't - (is not)
it's - (itis/ithas)
let's - (letus)
niuatn't - (must not)
she'd - (she would / she had)
shuTl - (she wílJ / she shall)
she's - (she is / she has)
shouldn't - (should not)
that's - (thatis)
they'd - íthey would / they had)
theyTl - (they will /they shall)
they're - (they are)
they've - fthey have)
we'd - íwe would / we had)

BÜQK14 APPENDIXE
- USER NOTES-

AMfcHlCAN LANGUAGE CQURSE

 APPENDIX F SpeNIng Rules íor Regular PastTense Verbs

VER5 ENDING -ED ENDING BASE FORM PAST TENSE

talk talked
2 cojí- '.i. v - CC
want wanted
repeat rejH:aLüd
2 vowels + 1 consonant vvc
add clean cleaned
vowel + y Vv -ed play play e d

vowel -i- consonant in opí?n optned

a 2-sy Hable word with ve
stress on first syllable answer anawered

Drop the -e circle circled

consonant + e CE and add
-ed aliiive sha ved

vowel + consonant in a
1-eyllable word
VC stop stopped
Doublü the
consonant
vowel +• conaonant in and add occur oi:t;iirrfíd
a 2-syllablo word with VC -ed
stress on second syllable prtfer preferred

atudy studied
Change y to i
consonant * y Cv and add dry dried
-ed
try tried

BOOK14 APPENDIX F
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN LANGUAGECQUR3E
 APPENDIX G Principal Parts of Some Irregular Verbs

Preient Pasi PasI Par nciplD Present PfiSl Pasl Perlfciple

ame aróse ariHPn fall feLJ fallen
fecd fed fed
be was be en feel felt fdt
bear bore bumt fignt fuught fought
btEit beal beaten fmd found found
becüme became become Uee ñed Ued
begin begao begun fiy flew ñown
bend bent bent f'irget forgot íbrgotten
bet bet bet forgive forgave fnrjjivi:n
hid bid bid freeze froie frozen
bind bound bnund
bite bit bitten get gol gotten Ignt)
bleed bled bled give gave given
blow blew blawn grind ground ground
break oroke broken grow grcw groun
bring arougbt brought
buiJd built buüt hang hung hung
burst burst burst have had had
huy bougbt bought hear heard heard
hid e hid hiddun
cast cast CHSt hit hit hit
caten caugbt caught hold held held
dioose li ' - chosen hui-l hurt hurt
come cajne come
COSt cost cost keep Itept íept
creep crept crept Itnow knew tnown
cut cut cut
lay laid aid
dea) dealt deait lead led ed
dig dug dug eave left efl
do did done end ent ent
draw drew draw ti let Jet et
drink drank drunk lie ay ain
driue drove driven Jight lit it (lighted)
ose ost ost
eat ate eaten

BCOKI-I APPEfJDIXG
 E9W1 ONtfl

PITS epqa
pcmoA;
UOM uim
IJUIS

9uns
;nus

looqs
|ii:i-- . '..i.l auiqe
paqs
las IBS
)uas
pTos

jqSnoE
aaa
pies

LIIBMS UIU UTIJ

asu
Siiru SULJ
uoppu 9pu

jinb

poo^s ^nd
Suruds piBd ABd

^ds
unds undfi ttids
luada pusds
 APPENDIX H Patterns of Irregular Verbs

INFINITIVE PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
I.Three principal parís the same hit hit hit
quit quit quit
split spht aplit

bet bet bet

let let let
set set set
put put put
cut i:ut *mt
shut shut abul
bid bid bid
hurt hurt hnrt
burst burst burst
COflt C09t cost
shed shed shed
spread spread hipreari
CSfit cast cast

2. Last two principal parís the same

a. Final consonant change only have had had
make made made
build built built
bend bent bent
spend spenL ¿pent
send sent sent

b. Vowel change only meet met met

read read read
bleed bled bled
feed fed fed
lead led led
líght lít lit
slide slid slid
sit sat sat
shoot sbot shot
hold held held
win won won
shine ahoiie shone

EOOKJi APPEMDIXH
 PAST
INFINITIVE PAST PARTICIPLB
fincl :i ' il found
wind wound waund
bind bound hound
dig dug dug
stick stuck *Luük
slrike struck gtruck

o. Vowel change - Addition of -t or - sleep slept ñlept

keep kept kopt
creep crept trcpt
wecp wept wcpt
think tliought Lhnught
teach taught taughl
buy bought bnti^ht
caten caught caughl
fought
seek sought gought
mean meant meant
leave
flee ñed fled
un told lold
S<?11 sold eold
lose bst 103L

hear heanl heard

understand understood

S.Three principal parts cliíreí

a. No similarity be was been
go went
do did done

b. Vowel change - Addition of -n ariae arisen

drive drove driven
flew flown
ride rodé ridden
rise

c, Vowel change - No -n fling 3UOR

ring rana rung

drink drank drunk
swim swam tí W U lll

begfn began begun

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 PAST PAST
INFINITIVE PARTICIPLE
d, Firat and third vowelñ similar blow blew blown
know known
grow grew
thrrjw threw thrown
run ran nm
come carne come
eat ate eaten
give gave given
see saw seen
draw drew drown

e. Secoud and third vowels similar hrcak broke broken

speak spnku
chooao choae choM^n
steal violen
tear tore tom
wear wore
swear sw'ore
bcar bore born
get goL got (potten)
fbrget forgot forgotten
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN LANGUAGECOUBSE
 APPENDIX I Punctualion and Capitalization

Punctuation

A. PERIOD(.)

1, Use a period atthe end of a atatement or command.

The pen and paper are on the íable.
Go to fhe chalkboard and write your ñame.
2, Use a period afler an abbreviation or an initial.
NOTE; Abbreviated milítary ranks do not require a period.
Feb, (February) Mi. Brown a.m.
Dr. Smith (Doctor Smith) Ms. LiWe prm,
J. Jones (John Jones) Mrs. While Ma¡ Johnson

B. QUESTlONMARKf?)

Use a questtnn mark atler a • i i -i u i . Sometimes the question may be written like a
s tatemen L
How many chüdren are in your famity?
He's here íoday?

C. EXCLAMATfON MARK (!)

Use an eüdamation mark after words, sentences, or expressiona that show excite-
ment, surprise, or emotion. Any exclamaron, even if not a sentence, will cnd with nn
exdamation mark.
Whaí a gamef
Look outf
Doltt
Wow! Oh!

D. QUQTATION MARKS (lí ")

1. Use quotation marks to show the words of a speaker TheyVe always plncud above
the hne and are used in paira r
Jofinsaid, "The commíssary closes ar21QQ hours tQtíay."
"Where are the chilüren?"$he asked.
2. If the wnrds of the speake"" are divided into two parts, use quotation marks around
boLh parta.
"Do you," she asked, "go ¡o the hbrary after dass?"
3. Use quotation marks around the tilles of chapters, articles» parts of books and maga-
zines, short poemsh ahort stories, and songs,
Lastnight, t read the chapter "Grammar ts Easy"m Qurbook. Then, i read the arttde
"Learníng Engiísh" in íhe newspaper.

BGOK W APPENDIX
E. APOSTROPHE ('}

1, Use an apostrophe ín
t'm she's they're
tsn't aren't can't
what's whQre's Bob's
Q'clock (oí the dock)
2. Use an apostrophe to indícate possession.
a. If thc noun is singular, add-'s.
BilI'S bOOk
tne giri's coat
b. When the noun is plural, add-'s, if the plural does not end in tí.
¡he children's dothes
the men's shirts
c. If the plural noun ends in s, addonlyan apostrophe.
the boys'shoes
the librarles' books

F. COMMA {.}

1. Use commas to sepárate ítems in a series.

We aíe sandwiches, pótalo chips. a/itf truit for lunch.
She iooked behind ftte chairs, under fhe bed, and in the kitchen for h&r notebooR.
2. Use a corama befare the cunjunctions and, but, or, ñor, for, yetwhen theyjoin
independen! clauses.
We tivetí ¡n Venezuela tor fhree years, and then we relurned to the United Statea.
Frank can sp&ak Chínese we//, bul he can't reati U.
3. Use a commu aílur an introductory clouse or phrase to sepárate it from the reat of
the si?ntence,
After we study íhis book, we want ío take a break.
Because John was sick. he didn't take the test.
Looking up a¡ the sky, íhe smal! boy suddenly r&n honte.
4. Use a comrna after words such as yes, no, weU when they be^in a
Do yon want togo ío fhe library? I dtdn'ípass the test.
Yes, I do. Well, síudy more.
5. Use commas to sepárate the wnrds of a speaker fram the rest of the aenteiu*i,
"Lisien ío me,"shesaid.
Jack askeü, "Where's my lunch?"
"Idon'lknowS'saidJQhri, "the answer lo the question."
6. Use a comma in dates and addresses.
June 9, J970
143 Main Stfeeí, Los Angeles, California

AMERICAN UNGUAGC CGUnSF

 7, Use a comma in figures to sepárate thousands.
5.000 (015000)
10,000
6,550,000

Capitalizaron
1. Capitalize the first word of a sentence.
The boy síood up and walked ouíside,
Your boúk is beh/nd the chair.
2. Capitalize the ñames of peoplet cities, states, countriest and languages.
Mark Bill Mary Linda
San Antonio Chicago Houston Lofidon
Texas California Florida New York
Spain United States Canadá Venezuela
Arable Chínese Russian Engiish

3. Capitalize the ñames of schools, streets, buildíngs, bridges, companies, and

organizatíons.
Deíense Language Instituís University oi Chicago
Main Síreeí Emptre Sfare Builüing
Goídert Gale Bndge Ford Motor Company
Genera! Motors Naüonal Fooíba'l league
4. Capitalize the days ofthe week, months oftheyear, and holídays.
Sunday Monday Tuesday
June Juty Augusl
Christmas Easíer Thanksgivtng
5. Capitalize titles and military ranks before ñames,
Gen Robeffs Capí Smith Sgl Jones
Proíessor lañó Pfesident Lincoln
6. Capitalize the pronoun "L"
ican'rgo withyou.
l'm happy to see you again.
7. Capitalize the first word of every direcL quülation.
Sheasked, "Can Isithere?"
"We saw h&r" satd John, Jar the university."
-USER NOTES

AMERICAN LANGUAGECGIJR3E
 APPENDIX J Lesson Resources

BULlfll Lístenmg skill J-3

B14L1 #2 Writing skill J-5
B14L1 #3 Reading skill J-7

B14L2 #1 Writing skill J-9

B14L3 #1 Reading skill J-11

B14L3 #2 Writing skill J-13

B14L4 #1 Listening skill J-15

BOOK14 APPENDIXJ
 Listeningskill —B14L1 #1
Lesson 1
Page 26
Listen i ng exercises

The United States Air Forcé started as part

of the United States Anay in 1907, It was first a part of
the Army Signal Corps. There was only one ofGct-r who
was a lieutenant and two recruits. Later in 1907, the
Wright brothers sald the air forcé its first plañe. That
plañe carried two people, flew at a ñpeed of 40 miles an
hour, and cost 25,000 dollars. It wasn't easy to learn
to fiy be cause the two Wright brothers were the unly
instructors. But this small group in the Army Signal
Corps soon became a strong part of the armed torces.

Some peopíe cali thcm "weekend warriors" becauae

they usually work in the military oniy one weekend a
month and two weeks a year In fact, the soldiers, sailora,
airmen, and marines who serve in the Ufi militnry rpserv
must be ready for duty at any tínie. The reservista have
important Jobs in all branches ot'the armed forcea, and
they help the regular military forces at home and in
other countríes, When thc president needs the reservista,
they often serve much longer than their usual one month
and two weeks a year, and they became reblar military
members for that time.

BOOKH APPENDIXJ-Listemn9Skrlf-ei4Ll fll

 Writingskill —B14L1 #2
Lesson 1
Page 32
Exercise

Cloud Watching
Cloud watchers enjoy watching clouds in the
early morning or evening when the aun givea them
beautiful colora, They a(ao líke looking at their ahupes und
imagining that they are pictures in the sky. Dut díd yon
know thal clouds are nothing more than air and water?
You can see clouds when cold air pushes wet, warm air up
inío the sky. When warm air becomes cool, clouda cliange
into water, or rain. Cioud watchers don*t care if it's raininp
or if ifs aunny. For them, clouds are always fun to watch-
 Readíng skill —B14L1 #3
Lesson 1
Page 33
Fxercise

Womcn in the US
American women have worked hard to become a
part of the armed forcee and serve their country. Tuday,
there are many women who belong ta olí branches of the
US military. But things were very different in the post.
The first American women who worked with the
military were nurses. Laten women wanted to help ovon
more, so they secretly dressed like men and joined the
army During World War II, many women jyiiied thtí US
military, In 1948, these women became the US Women's
Army Corpa.
Today, women can belong to any branch of the
armed services, and there are more women in the military
every year. Military women work in many different career
fíelas. In fact, they now do jobs that only men did in the
past. Certainly, women will continué to serve their
country long into the future.

BOOK 14 APPENDIX J - Headmg skill - BHL1 «3

 Wrilingskill — B14L2 #1
Lesson 2
Page 60
Exercise

The Truth about Bats

Bats aren't birds, and they aren't mice. People believe

many things about bats that aren'l true. These small
night animáis with wings can see well, and they don't
like to fty ínto people's hair. Bats aren't really frightening,
Every evening bats Icave their homes to find food, Some
bats eat their weight in bugs each night while others
eat fruit. A few bats drink blood from cattle, but they
don't hurt people. Bats are animáis that people are just
begínning to understand.

BOOK14 APPENDIX J-Wrilingskill— B14L2ffl

 Reading skill — B14L3#1
Lesson 3
Page 71
Readlng

China's Greal Walí

The GreatWalI of Chináis the longeat wall in
the world. It's over 4,000 miles (6,350 km) long, and it's
thousands of yeers o]d. No one is sure of the wall's exact
length or its age because dirt and graay cuvt-r parts of it,
and other parts have fallen down. One end of the Grt_'ut
Wall begins in eastern China, and it continúes moro than
halfway across the country Lu the west. At firat, theGreat
Wall was íike a fence to keep peoplc froni taking animal^
and uther things from one área tu ancjther. Later, the wall
became a way to ketp foreigners out, Today peoplc know
a lot about the GreatWalI of China, but many queatíons
remain. Certainly, with timeh the world will ftnd tmt more
of the wall's secreta,
 Wrítingskill — B14L3 #2
Lesean 3
Page SO
Wrítíng

The Dean
The deán of an American mi]itary English school
has many important duües, For example, he must get the
bes! instructora to teach and write the materials they use
in the dassroom. He ordera training for teachera, and
makes decisíoAS about promotions. He must be able to
talk to students and teachcrs about problt/ms, Btcuuau the
deán tríes to help everyone work well together, there are
fewer pruhlt-ms. He aUo makes changes that will make
the school better for the fu ture. The dean's most important
duty is to be a good example for the teachers.

BOOK14 APPFNDIX J - Wnlmg skill - Bl 4L3

 Lístening skill — B14L4 #1
Lesson 4
Pag e 106
Liste ni ng exercises

The English language iñ rich in proverbs that nave

applea fur a topic. There are several apple prnverbs which
people in the US frcqucntly use. Firat, if a inulher says
that her son is the apple of her eye, she means that slic
loves her child very much. Another pnpular proverb saya
that an apple a day keepa the ductor away. Thia proverb ís
very oíd. Tt means thal if a person cata healthy fooda, sucrh
as fruits and vegetables, he will not get sick nnd hnve
to aee the doctor, Finally, there is a proverb about apple
pie. He's as American as apple pie, Apple pie is a popular
dessert that carne to Amerita from England loiig ago. For
many people, apple pie has come to mean something that
is very American,

Alex and the Internet

uses the Internet frequently for school
assignments. When his teacher asks him to write a
report on a topic, he goes to the library to use one of the
computers there. First, he turns on the computer. Then he
goes online to look for information on his topic. Next, he
visits some webaitea that he thinks will help him, After he
finds the information that he needs, he starts writíng his
assignment, Lastly, he types the report and gives it to his
teacher.

BQOK 14 APPENDfX J — Listemng skill — B14L4

 APPENDIX K US Mrlitary Ranks, Grades, and Insignia
US MILITARY OFFICER RANK INSIGNIA
AIR FORCÉ ARMY MARINES NAVY
'I*!
' ' i
O-10
CENTRAL
ADMIRAL

0-9
LIEUTENANT
GENERAL GENERAL
LJEUTEXANT
GENERAL
1
VICE ADMIRAL

0-8
M.\JOR UENERAL MAJOK übNLMAL M^JUKOLNL^AL ADMIEtAL
| L11T-A HAU-I

-¡nv
¿I

0-7
BRIGADIER BHIdADJER
HLAK AHHIJÍAL
GEMEJÍAL GESEFÍAL GLNHRAL

0-6 ^fl"
COLOSUL COLLA Ll CAPTAIN

_,*
, s^fcK s
ti
o-s LIELTEMANT UEUTENANT
COLONEL COLÜXLL

O-4
MAJOR MAJOR KT CQMMANDEB
lOOLDOAfiLEAFl &OLDOflXLEAFl

O-3
CAPTAIN CAPTÁIS CAPTÁIS Lili U ÍENANT
fRILVERB^RS)

0-2
I11 LIEUTE.'iANT
D
]*' LIEUTCNANT 1" LIEUTENANT
4SILVEP ft'Hl
LIEUTENANT JÚNIOR GRADE

0-1
I JFLTEVAHT
iGULDIlAlLi
D
LTELTEVA NT ESS1GN
• . ! • ! I !• ,'

BOOK 14 APPENDIX K
 US MILITARY ENLISTED RANK INSIGNIA
AIR FORCÉ ARMY MARINES NAVY

E-9

<Hn;;r

Mn'lc
Miue r Serctint

E-7
nra

E-6
Slafp OJlr.tr

E-5

E-4

E-3
Lance C4npínal

E-2
l CJfl

E-l P/LVBIt
IF II _ -<

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 US MIUTARY WARRANT OFFICER RANK INSIGNIA
ARMY MARINES NAVY

W-5
WARRANT
í OFFK.'Ek
Él
CHIEF WAHRANT OFFICER

W-4
OIMCLK CHI th

W-3
CHItt-WARRANT OFFICER CHffiF WARRAHT OFFICER
ÍEÍ
W-2
( HIFFWARRANTOFRCEE! \NTnFTICE-R

W-l

BOOK14 APPENDIXK
- USER NOTES-

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

HOMEWORK FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 1
EXERCISE A FUI in the blanks with words from the box.

advanced duty station be promoted

promotion be up for dutles training
be stationed assignment service
Sergeant Davis Has a New Assignment
Sergeant Davis is very happy that he has a new . His new
will be on a post in the south of the country. He likes that part
of the country and is glad to there, One of his new
will be to work with weapons, which is something he has
wanted to learn about for sorae time. He had received some basic
in this ftcLd before, and now he'll be abEe to use it. He plans to
take some weapons courses after he gets to his new station,
There's somethirig else that also makes Sergeant Davis happy. He'll
promotlon in two months, and he's certain he will
this year. He has been in the for a number
of years and knows there's a good chance toget a at this time.

EXERCISE B Wrlte Army, Marine Corps, or Air Forcé next to each US rank.
thtm ene ofthe ortned forcea may be possibfe. On the nccond lins, writa office/1 or
enlisted, Number 1 is an exampfe.

1. corporal E-4 Army, Marine Corpa entteted

2. captainO-3
3- lance corporal E-3

4. technical sergeant E-6

5. sergeant E-5
6. specialist E-4
1. majorO-4
EXERCISE C Unscramble the letters, Each word is a US Navy rank.

1. pntaaci
2. tntneeailu ammocnrde
3. genisn
4. nnuliattee
5. aílutetenn noujir erdag
6. rdencoamm

EXERCISE D Write Ihe US Navy officer ranks in order from lowest to hlghast.

0-1
O-2
O-3
0-4
0-5
O-6

EXERCISE E Fillin theblankswith/usíorsoon.

1, We're going lo leave fí>r the game

2. Will they return to see us
3. Are you hungry, or have you e aten?
4. Oh, no! It's raining, andl washed the car.
5, Ríck. haan't lived in that house long. He bought it.
6. Dad said, "Morning's coming. The sun will be rising."
 EXERCISE F Read trie tille. Select the Information that the text might have.
There ntay he tnore tkan one answer.
1. Mililary Insignia

a. civjjian personnel on base

b. its location on the uniform
c, pictures of noncommissioned ranks
d, career opportunities in the military

2. Assignments to Olher Countries

a. travel time
b. the kinds of work
c. the recruits' mess hall
d. class hours

3. Opporlunities for Educatlon in the Military

a. the number of vacation days
b. major career fields and coursea
c. tho ónice with education information
d. the variety of college courses you can take

EXERCISE G Read the title. Select the questions that the text might answer.

Títere moy be more tkait one answer.

1. Farnous Navy Commanders

a. Who were they?

b. Which do you likc better, sea or land duty?
c. What are US Navy ofTiccr ranks?
d. What do commanders think about their júnior officers?

2. Vocabulary for Navy l j crsonnel

a. Wherc is the sergeant?
b. What is the word for a bed on a ship?
c. Do you cali the bathroom the head on a ship?
d. What do you cali the flcicir on a ship?

3. Basic Training in the Marine Corps

a. How long docs it last?
b. Where is the training base?
c. Why do tho US Navy and the Marines work together?
d. What are the colors of the Marine Corps?
 EXERCISE H Fill intheblanks wlth (not)as... as.
Use the verb and adjective or adverb iit parentheses ( ). Yon will have ía chfinge the verb
the corrzct form. Nitmber 1 is an

1. Amy ate three sandwiches. Cari ate only one. (he, hungry)
Cari wagn'taermngryas

2. Tom speaks clearly. Dan doesn't Speak clearly, (apeak, clearly)

Dan ____ Tora.

3. Sara thinka airplanes are safe bitt cars are dangeroua. (be, safe)
Sara thinks that cara ___ _ -- airplanes.
4. The ring coats $80.00, The necklace costs $80.00 (beT eiípensive)
The ring ____ the necklace.
5. Sue and I never have car accidents, ídrive, carefully)
Sue _____ me,
6. Both Lucy and Claire sing well. ísing, well)
Lucy ___ Claire,
7. Tom runa three times per week. Dave runs once a week. (mn, often)
Tom,
8, Jean and Pat don't talk when they are working (work, quietly)
Pat _ t ___ Jean.
 EXERCISE I Write quesiíons in the future progressive. Use the words In ().
Nutnber 1 te an example.

1. {who/plan the office party) Who will be planninq the office partv?

2. (where/you/work next yeart

3. (when/you/graduate)

4- (where/yoit/take a vacation)

5. (what/you/do this weekend)

EXERCfSE J Answer in the future progressive. Use the words In (__},

Number 1 is an

1. What will you be doingon Sunday at 3 p,m.? (work i n the garden)

Til bg workíng in thg Canden on (Sunday at 3 p,m.)._

2. When will Colonel Ramsey retire? (in June)

3. Who will help the chITdren with their homework? (títan)

4. When witt Susan leave? (Saturday morning at 6 a.m.)

5. Will Mr. Denny receive a promotion soon? (yes, in three monthsl

 EXERCISE K FIN in the blank wlth the plural form of the word below it.

1. My grandmother had nine

íchild)

2. IntheUS.both and can jola the

(man)
armed
(forcé)

3. When we move, we pack our

íthíng) (box)

4, One dime equals 10

(penny)

5, Weuse ., and to eat.

(spoon) (fork) íknife)

6, may borrow from

tperson) (book) Uibrary)

7. Most don*t enjoy taking

ístudent) (test}

8, ". and ií> a popular English diah.

(fish) (chip)

9. Ifyour hurt, you should viait a dentist.

(tooth)

10, If you can't see well, you may need to wear

tglass)

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE

 EXERCISE L Circle the best answer.

1. Frank: Why did Martin get that short haircut?

Tony: He in the army.
a. retired
b. prometed
c. enlisted

2, Alan: What does Jack do in the air forcé?

Eddy: He has an interésting job. He doga.
í.1. traína
b. serves
c. learns

3, I my country, I was in the military for five years.

B. assigned
b. served
c. retired

4, In the US, the are made of the Army, the Navy, the Marino Corps, and
the Air Forcé.
a, armed forces
b, military rankfl
c, assignments

5. A güld bar is the for a sccond lieutenant in the US Army.

a. opportunity
b. enaign
c. insignia

6. If you want to get a job here in this bank, you need to go to the office.
a. personnel
b. opportunity
c. promotion

7. Jeff: Why did those young men shave their heads?

Barb: Th^yVejust joined the armyr They're new ,
a. captains
b. recruits
c. retired men
 8. Rob; Did you see the general when you went to Washington, DC?
John: No, I didn't have the — to see him.
a. training
b. opportunity
c. prometían

9, If you're a father, it's your . to spend time with your family.

a. location
b. bar
c. duty

10. Pete: What are yon going to do after your ?

Ilank: J'm just going to relax for a few months, thon ni decide.
a. retirement
b. corporal
c. commander
11. I didn't know how to use that weapon until 1 got some
a. duty
b. training
c. location

12. Mary: Have you seen Peny Fisher's latest movie?

Beth: No, 1 haven't had a to 9ee it yet.
a. promotiftn
b. grade
c. chance

13. My mother doesn't work any longer. She's

a, retired
b, promoted
c, assigned
14. 1 don't know anything about cooking. 1 nced to take clase.
a. a basic
b. an advancpd
c. anO-I

15. Soldier, we you at a. new post, Here are your orders.

a. are up for
b. are stationing
c. have enlisted

AMERICAN WNGUAGE COURSF

HOMEWORK FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 2
EXERCISE A Label the pictures.
 EXERC1SE B Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

crops barns extremely

wheat valley blüs&oms
grase harvest location

1. Weuse to make bread.

2, A growa plants on his farm.

3, Another word for flowers is

4. In the autunm, most apples are ready to

5. Large farm animáis need to every day.

6. raíse more animáis than farmers.

7. A word for all the kinds of planta that a farmer grows is

8. Farmers and ranchera use for storing things.

9. A is the lowEjr land between moimtain&.

10. I need a map because I don f t know the ofthfi lihrary.

1L If the weatheris bad, schools cióse for the day.

12. Acalfwas to our red cow last night.

AMERICAN I ANGUflfiE CQURÍE

 EXERCISE C Answer in sentences with Yes & the words in parentheses ( } .

Use tke word in italícs. loo. Nttmber 1 is an. exampie.

1. Is Ms.Trentp/eosed with Karí's work? (quite)

Yes, ehe's quite pleased with hfg_wgrk.
2. Is the chocolate pie good? (really)

3. Did Paul do iue.il on the test? (very)

4. Were they upset about their low scorea? fextremely)

5. Was the weather nicel (rather)

6. Was the traffic awfitl last night? (really)

1. Was the party nice? (quite)

EXERCISE D jVnswer in sentences with No & the words in parentheses ().

. Does Mr. Stone spcak clearly? ívery)

2- Do you trave] often? ítorriblyl

3. Is the food good? (a little salty)

4- Did the playera try very hard? (terribly)

5. Doos Slan drive well? (a little fast)

 EXERCÍSE E Match the 2 columns to make complete sentencea.

1. If you haven't completed a. if they'rc moving next wtiü

the exercise,
2. Tell Jim about the party
3. If you're washing the dishes,
4. They must start packing
5. If you're fixing the car,
6. They won't pass the test
7. If you haven't heard frum yuur
parents yet,
b- you muat finish It now.
c. if you haven't told him yet,
d. ifthey haven't studied
e. cali them immediately.
f. you should use strong s
g. you can use my tools.

EXERCISE F Complete the sentencea wlth the tuture. modais. or imperativas.

Thlnk ofyoitr own words. Number 1 is an exampte,

1. If you're not eating both sandwiches, p\eaee Q\ve one to me .

2. If the childrcn are going to play in the snow, ,

3. if he's traveling overseas.

4. If you haven't checkedin bynoon,

5. If Cari has found a solution,

6. ifthey haven't arrived by 8 o'dock.

EXERCISE G Add more words abput place and time in the columns.

place tuno

road day
store 1950
season

ÜMERICAN COURñE
EXERCISE H Write a clause with when or where to compíete the semences.

í t$ an examph.

1. Do you remember the place where wg met ?

2. That's the building ,
3. I enjoy remembering the time .
4. What did tbey say about the day
5. That's the groccry store
6. Her songs are about the years
7. Did you visit the house
8. I stayed at a hotel
9. Thia ia the season

EXERCISE I Write a description of this picture and how ft makes you feei.
 EXERCISE J Rewrite the paragraph with a different verb tense.
Underline al¡ ofthe verbs tkot use will /y .tímic futtire. Change those verba tn the ftttitre
progressive fense. The r¡rsi sentence is an example.

Ken will go to his grandparents^ farm next weekcnd. He has Monday off, so he
will stay there three days. He'll leave his house on Friday afternoon and drive for
about four hours to get to the farm. While he's there? hell fish, piuk applea, and
swim in the lake. He'll also help his grandfather with sume jobs around the farm.
Since he's from the city, Ken loves to spend time at his grandparents' íarm.

Ken wfll be goma to hig arandparents' farm next weekend

EXERCISE K Gírele the best

1. Frank: Where did they build the new commissary?

Tony: They it on Trent Street.
a. destroyed
b. reflected
c. located
2. My aunt six children,

a- raised
b. bloomed
c. planted
3. Karen left work an hour ago, She's at home by now.
a. extremely
b. rather
c. probably
4. The chíldren sat the teacher and listened to her stories.

a. around
b. ever
c. farther
5. The lake's very calm today I can see my
a. harvest
b. reflection
c. promotion
6. Do you have a match? I want to my cigarette.
a. graze
b. blossom
c. líght
7. The major will be late the anow storm.
a. rather
b. a I' 11
c. because of

8. My únele his own vegetables in his garden.

a. grows
b. reflecta
c. rcpairs
 9. T Uve in the between those mountains over there.
a. bridge
b. valley
c. thíck
10. There are a lot of deer in that
a, forest
b, blossom
c, íármer
11. Children must wash their handa after tbey play in the _
a. cow
b- dirt
c. gate
12. _ __ are large animáis you can find on a ranch.
a. COWH and bulls
b- Blossoms and flowers
c. Silos and barns

13. My son raises cattle. He's a --

a. cattler
b. raí ser
c. rancher
14. The trecs look beautiful when they are __
a. because of
b. in bloooi
c. a green t}iumb
15. The lung winter _ me feel sad.
a. Lights
b. makes
c. harvests
16. The graa& is so green and __ It's really beautiful.
a- thick

. quiet
HOMEWORK FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 3
EXERCISE A Use the words in the gray boxes to fill in the blanks.
Yon muy use a word more than once. You wifl twed to change vero tenses.

1. You have a once every year. Your

birth
birthday is the day ofyour . It's the
be born day you

2. John was when his son played weJl on his soccer

alJ
team. He was al so when his son graduated from
besides
proud high school with high grades. John spoke about
proudly
his son to of his friends because his son did well
in school doing well in sports.

3. Last week we went to Kate's birthday partv First, we

song
sing the birthday Thcn, Katc
candles _ all the on the cake. Afber
blow out
presenta that, she oponed her ., Sally received some
pretty mee

EXERCISE B Readthesentences-WriteTfor true and Ffqríalse.

1. We say "good luck" before someone does something important or diñicult.

2. If you're scared of doing something, you look forward to doing it,
3. If you do something poorly, you are proud of yourself
4. Two verbs that mean the same thing are drop in and drop by.
5. Let's continué means Let's stop and do sometkmg different.
6. A marriage certifícate shows that two people are married.
1, Two people who are married to each othcr are called a couple.
8. Turn down the volztme means increase the sound.
9. When we play gamea, playera take turns to give everyone a chance to play.
EXERCISE C Complete the sentences with words from the box.

poor couple continued comió rtable uncomfortablc

1, They were very tired, but they to work.

'2. Don has a dog and a cat. He has a ofpets.

3. My frieruil She lost her glasea and her watch yesterday

4. A bed is impurtant fur your hcalth.

5. Most people feel talking about money problema.

EXERCISE D Match the descriptioi is to the gues&es. Write the icttor &.

1. Jane looks terrible, and she's a. She must not fecl well, Shc
sneezing and coughing. be aick.

2. Sam studied hard, but Ke b. Today must be s hnliday.

failed the test twice.

3. Phil applied to a great college, . It rnust not aeiTe very gnori

and he was accepted.

4. No one's \vorking today. d. They must be moving owoy.

Everyone's relaxing at home,

5. Why are there never many e. He must not undersland Lhe

people in that restaurant? lesson.

6. A moving truck is at our f r He niust feel quite proud.

1
borfc housc, and there
i'c bojees everywhere.
 EXERCISE E Underlme all parte of the modals in the sentences.
Wríte the ietter which shows tíic parpóse oftke modaL Nuniber 1 ia on

1. The pólice officer saiti you mustjjot dríve so

Purpose fast.
2. Ralph will be home late,
a. necossitv
3. Roger liad to fill his ^as tank becsu^e it was
empty.
b. no necessity
4. Can you repoaL Ihat sen ten fe slowly, piense?

c. prohibí tic n 5. We liave to eat vegetables to stay healthy

6. Does Della have to take medicine for her fever?
d. futuro 7. Would you please answer the queHtion?
8. I thought we dídn't havc to briiig our own fuud.
e. requests
9. Sorry, I can't,
10. Yes, I will,
1L The studentñ must not talk during the test.
12, They aren't going to muí thü movió toniglit.
13- Tina didn't have to bargain for her new car
because she hud enough money.

EXERCISE F Read the text. Circle the toplc and untlerlirie the main idea.
Read tke text ¡tutu you undersfand U completely. Then turn the page <tnd foliow llie
a for Exercise G.
The Firsí Year
In China, there are special traditions for
children in their first year. On the day a child is born,
the family brings presents that have pictures of tigers
on them. This is because some Chínese people believe
that tigers can keep children safe. When a boy or girl
is one year oíd, the family puts a varíety of Ítems on
the floor in front of the child, Then the párente watch
their child carefully. They believe that the ítem the
child picks up will be similar to his or her future
profession. These two traditions make the ñrst year in
a chiJd's life very important.
 EXERCISE G Fill in the blanks with words from the gray box.
Do not iouk back ot the test on the previous pagt.1.

Paraphrase of
The Firtit Year

Some Chínese families fbllow two special O for young

children during their fírst year. They give things with í>
to new babies on 0 . They think thia will keep the haby
.. On the ñrst birthday a year later.
p\]t ítems on the floor around the child. They Jet him or her O.
of them. The parents thínk the choice tellr; them the O the
child wiJl have, This first year is very important in a Chinese child's life.

the parents safe select onc

their first day profeesion traditiona picturcs of tigers

AMERIC4N LANGLAGF COUR3E

 EXERCJSÉ H Ful in the blanks with a gerund of your cholee.

1. is hard.

2. in a public building is against the law in the US.

3. your homework assignment is important.

makes me extremely pleased.

5. Not makes me upset.

6, Not ia bad für your health.

EXERCJSE I Circle the corred form of the verb to complete the sentence.

1. I apologías for forget / forgetting Lo loc;k the door.

2. Jackwasn't worried about arríve / arrivíng at the airporl on time.

3. We want to see I seeing our grandson soon.

4- Hal looks forward to gradúate I graditQting from school next month

5. I like to wfílk I ivalking every day at 6 a.m.

6. Thoy docided not to return i returning home right away.

1. la ahe scared ofstay / staying home alone?

8. Would Ms. Santos like to help I helping us leam Spanisli?

9. Whydidallof the men dedde on exerci&e I exercising everyday?

10. IVe never thought about ckange i changing my career-

 EXERCISE J Complete the crossword puzzle.
ACROSS
2. The baby's sleeping. We need to speak
4. Today is the first day that we'Il get homework, and wy'll continué to have
homework
7. If something's important to you, and you follow it in yourlife, tben you it.

8. We presenta bcfore we give them to the birthdny pcrson,

10. I don't like to listen to loud musíc. I like music,
11. Look at that relaxed cat, It looks so
14. The oven needs to be hottcr. Please thc temperatura.
16. Next to and have the same meaning,
17. People who don't have a Job, money, or a savings account are probably ,
18. I tan't hear our conversation because the TV's very loud. Could yuu please turn
down the ?

DOWN
1. I to John*s house a lot since he's my best friend.
i

3- I keep my printer the deñk to save space on top.

5. Most people feel when they speak to a very targe group ofpeople.
6. Lunch is over. The students are returníng to their classrooms. It be time
for claases to begin again.
9. Since she has a lot of money, she can to buy an expen¿;ivc car.
11. My frit-ud to my house often,
12. Tim found hia wallet under the seat- His wallet under thü
13. I watíhed the dishes last night. Tomghl it's your to do it-
16. I can't afibrd to buy an expensive car because I*m not
16, I don't have money at this time. I can't afford to spend money I'm
 4

16

17

BQOK14 LESSGN3 HD»V3RK

 EXERCISE K Read the title. Select the Information that the text might have^

Títere may be more thnn one ansiver.

1. Gomes foi C11 i I dren
a. games for outdoors
b- chooaing gamos for diflerent ages
c. games for indoors
d. children's ñames
2. A Great Birthday Party
a. food
b. location
c. guests
d- music
3. Jom the Air Forcé!
a. education opportunities
b. interesting aasígriments
c, basic traíning
d, civilian jobs

EXERC1SE L Read the titte. Select the questions that thB text míght answer.

Tken? rnay be more thon one ansiüer.

1. PlantsWeCanEat
a. Can we eat the blossoms?
b. Do we need to cook th^m?
c. Can we find them in the forest?
d. Who's destroying our foresta?
2. The Annual Harvesl
a. Whereisit?
b. How long does it last?
c. How are farmers different from ranchers?
d. Who helps with the harvest?
3. The LongestWall on Earth
a. Wherfcis it?
b. How do yon clean a wall?
c. How longiaitV
d. Whobuiltit?
HOMEWORK FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 4
EXERCISE A Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

smooth
acciaen
board

1. Passengers boats for a tour of íhe waterfront.

2. Strong winds and rain made the tour by boat quite
3- Are theae sheets made of silk? They're very
4. The lake's far frorn the road, You can't take your car there, so don't
to drive to it.
5. I'ra glad Jack went for his vacation because I kiiuw Lhyt he
has a]ways wanted to travel to a foreign country.
6. Did you intend to speak with Joan, or was your meeting
7. The fastest way to get help for computer problema at work is to
a reporl to the technical help desk.

EXERCrSE B Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

by on
accidentally pasisenger take a chance
smell foreign
•—'

1. Ms. Homes speaks Spanish besides several other , languages.

2. Was Mark a in the car that had the accident last night?
3. I have to be home . 6 p,m. Some friends are coming ovur then.
4. The of bread that has just come out of the oven is wondcrfuL
5. Is someone the phone? I nced to make a cali.
6. Children shouldn't have matches. Thcy might start a Tire.
7. Ann, you should _ and travel to a country that youVe
never seen before.
 EXERCISE C Write the nouns Irom each box with the verbs they go wtth
Numbers í, 2, fina 3 are exampíes.

1. cancel an
refreshments

2, serve refresh mente the city

3. tour the city n appointment

4. send jn u-mai

5. board an apple

í>. taste a train

7. join
8, roport a problem

9. look al
a website

10. smell some money

11. put a ílower

12. 3Ít in your seat

13. pay
14, make
15. ga en

AMERICAN LANGUAGE COURSF

EXERCISE D Choose 5 phrases from Exercise C and write sentences.

1 i$ an exampie.

1. I had to cancel mv appomtment with my doctor.

2.

3.
4.
5.
6,

EXERCISE Match the words with their meanings.

1. lucky a. a person who travols for fun

2. a tourist b. havinggood luck

3. go oriTíne c. not later than, whfin

4. by accident d connect to the Internet

5. as soon as e. by chance

EXERCISE F Match the words with their meanings.

1. a tour a. when, while

2. just as b. without stopping

3. oughl to c. without problems, comfortably

4. on and on d. a trip lo a place to sightsee

5. smoothly e. should
 EXERCISE G Use the Information in the chart to complete the sentences.
Use better than, worse than, the best, ti?td the worst r

BOWLING SCORES
\c Í L
^ , , * .W--U-
, t' Playera 1st Game 2nd Game 3rd Game
Brenda 218 208 245
Will 175 160 253
Tony 198 218 240
Jill 150 178 181

In the Ist ganu?

1. Tony scored _ Will.

2. Jül scored ofall.

3, Brenda scored ofall.

ID the 2nd gam<?

4. Will scored Jill.

5. Brendy. scored JilL

6. Tony scored

In the :>rd game

7- Everyone scored they scored in tht- first g

S. No one scored they scored in the aocond gaine.

9. Will scored
10. Jill scored

AMERICAN LANGJAGE COUHSE

EXEFECISE H Choose 3 problems and give advice uslng ought to.
AskANNE AVIS!
She gives advice on problems people have with friends,
family, neighbors, workers, and people at work.
Write to her at this newspaper:
O Id Times News
234 Main Street
Smalltown, USA

Dear Anne,
When my friend visits, she always smokes without asking permission. I don't
smoke, and I don't own an ashtray. Should I say something to her?
Uncomfortable Friend
Dear Uncomfortable,

2. Dear Anne,
Añer college graduation, Til be looking for a Job. I like SesttJe, the city where I
am living now, but my parents want me to move back to their city, Whal should
Ido?
Loving Scattlc
Dear

3. Dear Añile,
I have a wonderful wife, but she's not a good cook, I don't want to hurt her
feeüngs, but I'm tired of bad food at home. What's your advice?
Hungry Husband
Dear Hungry,

Dear Aune,
My husband's siater moved next door. She often asks my husband to help. He
spcnds a lot of time helping her, so he's too tired to do anything in our home.
Waiting Wife
Dear
 EXERCISE I Rewríte the text with a cfifferent subject.
Change the subject from Edward and Tim to Dora. Uriderline the subjects ond ony other
words thatyou musí change to have correct grammar in ynur new text. The flrat serifufiLt! ib-
an example.

Edward and Tim go to a language school every morning, First, they study
Rnglish with a teacher, and íhey listen in the lab after that. They eat Umch ñt a
amall restaurant with their wives. In the afternoon, Edward and Tim drive to the
school library to study, After they finish, Edward and Tim help some other students
do their English homework, They leave thts library around G.OO in tht? aíU'rnonn and
get home by 5:30, Edward and Tim have dimitir with thcir families at G o'

Pora goce to a language school every morning.

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CQURBE

 EXERC1SE J Clrcle the letter of the corree! modal for reported speech,
1. Rita: The jnanager will anive soon.
Rita said that the manager soon,
a. would arrive
b. airived
c. had arrived
d. has arrived
2. Sue: When will your vacation end?
Cora: It'Il end on June 15th.
Cora told Sue that it. in the middle of June.
a. end
b. ended
c. would end
d. has ended
3. Ted: I have to buy a new coffee cup since I broke mine.
Ted said that he a new coffee cup,
a. bought
b. had to buy
c. buys
d. has bought

4. Cora; When are yon gomg to leave town?

Mark: I'm goingto leave tomorrow night.
Mark told Cora that he tomorrow night.
a. left
b. went to leave
c. was going to leave
d. has to leave
5. Rita: George, you and I must viait our sick mother.
Rita told her brother that they their sick mother.
a. have visited
b. had to visit
c. must to visit
d. had visited
EXERCISE K Circle the best answer.
1, Mr King spent a lot of time to write a complete for his boss.
a. group
b. tour
c. report
2, l'll certainly help you. I that 1*11 help you.
a. promiae
b. taste
c. take a chance
3, Bgh looked at dozens of to ñnd the Information he needed.
a, fares
b, refreshments
c, websites
4* Let's the oíd part of the city today and have lunch there.
a. tour
b. board
c. smell
5- I feel because the flight is really rough.
a. great
b. aick
c. lucky
6. Picase give me more because the taate ia great,
a. money
b. soup
c. time
7. How many people are in your ?
a. competer
b. passenger
c. group
8. Ron; Did you put asíde any cake for Ann?
Tim: Yes, I'm aome for her.
a. saving
b. cooking
c. eating

AMERICAN WrJGUAGE COÜRSE

EVALUATION EXERCISES FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 1
EXERCISE A Listen to the question and se lee t the bes! answer.
1. Yes, but he's going to get . soon.
a. a collection
b. a promotion
c. an education
d. an explanation
2. He for 2Qyears.
a, saved
b, studied
c, served
d, sinoked
No» she isn't. There's on]y one on her uniform.
a. recmit
b. bar
c. service
d. grade
4. I had
a. msurance
b. baggage
c. strength
d. traiiiing
5. No.he's
a. retired
b. afraid
c. bored
d. advanced
6. Be cause they're new
a. operators
b. reuruits
c. salespeople
d. reporters
EXERCfSE B Fill in the blank with the plural form of the word below it.

There was a party for eníisted personnel last weekend» The and
man
there were new . There were
recruít cake
., and to eat and many different
cookíe sandwich chip
to drink. The enjoyed the good food. They ate and
thing recmit
mJked about their .. They told funny abuuL Ihc'ir
family story
training and laughed a lot- Everyone relaxed and enjoyed the party.

EXERCISE C Fill in The blanks with soonor just.

1. Fred's going to enlist

2, Mrs. Peters isnot here. left.

3. Give me fívo more minutes. Til ñniah my

4. Dan: Would you like something to eat?
Bill: No,thanks. I ate.
5. I i?xpect to ccunplete thH report

6. Are you sure that youVe going to he promoted ?

7. The bosa told us to start cleaning the veliicles.
8. They arrived after a trip that lasted for three days.

AMERICAN
 EXERCISE D Fill Ín the blank wilh the correct word

1. Lemons are not than oranges.

sweet / sweeter / sweetly

2, Does your brother play soccer as _ as your sister does?

good fwell/better
3. Do you think that Los Angeles is as os New York?
bigger / biggest / bíg
4. Vegetables are than cakes and pies.
healthier / health / healthy
5. I don't usually sleep as asmy brother.
later / late / latcst

ü. Do adults speak as as children?

fast / faster / fastest

EXERCISE E Use the future progressfve of the verbs ín tne box.

sleep visit leave shine rain

1. Bill: When are Mr, and Mrs, Jones going to California?

Pat: They in July.

2, Sam: Look at those dark clouds.

Tim: I think it in an hour.

3. Ben: Are you and your wife goíng to be home next week?
Tom: No. We my parents in Dallas.

4. Matt: Can I cali you tomorrow?

Brad: Ves, but don't cali me before 10 a.m, I late.

5, When I get up tomorrow morning, I hope the sun

EXERCISE F Choose the best word to complete the sentence.

1. My brother wants to in the army after high school-

a, enlist
b* allow
c. cause
d. cross

2. Paul's an cosign. Hehs in the US

a, Army
b, Air forcé
c. Navy
d. Marine Corps

3. Which atatement is correct?

a. A soldier with probtems will liave frequent prorootion^
b. New military recruits get a lot of trainíng.
c. A captain's insignia has one silver bar.
d. Basic training comes after retirement.

4. I was just this base last month.

a. traveled on
b. assigned to
c. departed from
d. frightened by

5. Chance snd — have similar meaniíigs.

a. colon el
b. enlisted
c. opportunity
d. prometían

6. Look at the on military people's uniforma to sec their rank.

a. material
b. poles
c. insignia
d. lights

AW.ERICAN IANGUAGE CQUHSE

 7. An airman first class is the same aa in the navy.
a. a captain
b. a seaman
c. a prívate
d. an ensign
8. Many enlisted were assigned new dutíes.
a. lieutenants
b. barracks
c. pcrsonnel
d. furniture
9. A country's armed help keep a country safe.

a. duties
b. grades
c. forces
d. chances
10. You ahould lake math if you want to go to college.

a. basic
b. enlisted
o. retired
d. advanced

11, U Nichols: Was Lieutenant Smith ?

Lt Cárter: Yes, he was. Hehs a captaín now,
a. promoted
b. onlisLed
c. invited
d. lowered
12, A Jieutenant colonel in the US Air Forcé is an
a. 0-3
b, O-4
c. O-5
d. 0-6
13. Did you know that James is in Japan? He'll be there for severa) years.
a. served
b. trakied
c. enlisted
d. stationed

14- The teacher gave U3 a difficult for homework.

a- insignia
b. assignment
c. personiicl
d- promotion
15, There'a going to be a big for Colonel Wall when hu's finished serving jn
the army next summer. He*s been in the service fbr !¿ü yeara.
a. retirement party
b. military plañe
c. pedestrian road
d. personnel form
16. After Sergeant Wilson fimshes his assignment here, where will his fullow-on
be?
a, retirement
b. promotion
c. oppürtuoity
d, training
17- My bruthcr is a very good businessman, so he's; often promotion.
a. on to
b. up for
c. next to
d- out of

Ifl. A lieutenant in the US Navy is an —-—

a. O-l
b. 0-2
c. O-3
d. Q-4

AMERICAN LftNGUAGE COURSE

 EVALUATION EXERCISES FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 2
EXERCJSE A Cómprete Ihe sentences with a word from each of the 2 boxes,
Make statements that are true foryou. Nitmber 1 is ati exo.ntpÍG.

Adverbs of Degree Adjectives and Adverbs

quite salty diñícult careñally cold
very a uttle relamed quickíy nervous fast
extremely
really rather slowly expensive delicious hot
ternbly boring inlereüting uonfusing good

1. I think that some tests are confusina

2. Sume people walk
3. July is usually
4. Using the Internet can be
5, I drive when I pasa a school.

6- Many pcoplc thínk chocolate cake is

7. Sam weai'S jewelry that is

EXERCISE B Write terribty or a Httle to make each sentence true for you.

1. After a car accident, a person may feel upset.

2. I think meetings are usually buring.
3. Newhouscs ncar bigcities are expensive.
4- Young men drive fast.
5. I think that Janguage tests are often hard.

EXERCJSE C Match the clause lo the sentence it completes.

1, July 12,2003 was the day a, wftere I keep my pens and pencils.
2, My desk is the place b. when I play soccer with my friends.
3. There's a store in the malí c. where students can study qxiictly

4. The library is the place d. when my nephew was born.

5. Threc o'clock is the time e, where everything costs a dollar.

BOOK 14 LESSON 2 EVALUATION EXERCfSES

EXERCISE D Write the correct word in the blank.

1, Bob's Car Malí is the place I bought my car.

where, when
2. Is that the river you and your father go catch fish?
where, when
3. Thursday afternoon-s is the time I go lo llu? library to study.
where, when
4. That red barn is the place we keep our horses.
where, when
5. Ten o'clockis the time _ I go tu sleep on school ni^hts.
where, when
6. Tcll us about the night . . your team lost the giime.
where, when
7. My mother remembers tbe time milk cost ten cents a pint.
where, when
9. Los Angeles is the city _ my son waa born.
where, when

EXERCISE E Match the 2 columns to make complete sentences.

1. If it's raining outside, a, if she's studying tonight.

2. If Juhn's taking the bus, b, he'll need chango to pay the tare,
3. We can'tvisit Barbara c, you'll want an umbrella.
4. Take me fíhopping with you d, if you're going to the malí.

EXERCISE F Match the 2 columns to make complete sentences.

1. Tf Tom hasn't lit a fire, a. if you haven't atudied yot,

2, If you haven't seen the new movie, b. thH room will be very cold,
3, Go eat dinner now c. you must see it HOOH.
4. You can study tomDrrow d. if you haven't eaten yet.

AMERICAN UNGUAGE COURSP

 EXERCISE G JJ_s_e the present progressive to complete the sentences.
Use íuntracíion.? when possible. Number 1 is att GXQJftple.
Don'5 rr£>t leavlng
1- If Pan isn't leaving soon, helJ be late.
Don / not leave

2. If your laundry in a few minutes, picase get mine, too.

you / pick up

3. If _ to Dallas, we don't ha ve to pack anymore.

we / not go

4. Linda should buy new tires if to California.

she / drive

5. They'll need to buy more land if more cattle,

they / get

EXERCISE H Use the present períect to complete the serrtences.

Use cvnlractiuns when possible. Number 1 is an

1. If Pavid's caten dinnerh he can go to the movies.

David / eat

2. Take a driver^s education classif to drive yet.

you /not /loarn

3. Ifthe the test, they shoulH go

students / complete

4. We*ll go to the game if her work,

Linda f finish

5, Ifyour _ the package yet, he can do it after work.

husband / not / mail
 EXERCfSE I Gírele the best answer.

1- Do the fiowers ín your garden in the spring?

a. light
b. harvest
c. bloom
d. reflect
2. Mr, Clark _ cows and horses.
a. serves
b. locales
c. destroys
d. raises
3- Qurcattle_ on grass in the íields.
a. graze
b. reflect
c. make
d. plant

4. Cows, calves, and bulls are

a. dirt
b- wheat
c. cattle
d. air
5. I need a match to my cigarette.
a. raise
b. reflect
c. me asure
d. light
6. Farraera usually - their cropa in the fall.
a. make
b. harvest
c. salute
d. thmw

AMERICAN LANGÜAGE COURSE

 1. The cows and horses síeep in the
a. barn
b. silo
c. bridge
d. lake
You can make bread from
a. wheat
b. blossoms

d. dirt
9. My neighbor my cat during my vacation.
a. throws away
b. mnü ciut nf
c. takes care of
d. tries an
10, The baby has a lot of hair. Her hair is very
a. tall
b. thick
c. thin
d. tired
11. Farmer Jones will have a good corn next month.
¿i. crnp
b. blossom
c. val ley
d. forest
12. Rttild is the opposite of ,
a. decrease
b. raise
c. lócate
d. destroy
13. You'll often find a between two mountains.
ÍL. reílection
b. valley
c. picnic
d- harvest

14. Our train's going to be lale _ bad weather.

a. around
b. ínstead of
c. because of
d. since

15. We need some wood. Let's go into the to get some.

a. lake
b. crop
c. farm
d. forest
16- I'm feeling sick. Til need to see the doctor tomorrmv.
a. rather
b. probably
c. quite
d. much

17- Thousands of bugs landed on oar fields and all the crops.
a. blossomed
b. retired
c. deatroyed
d. loe ate d

18. We walked in the park and looksd for a nice place to have our _
a. picnic
b. bridge
c. valley
d. location
EVALUATION EXERCISES FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 3
EXERCISE A Select the best answer.
We look fonvard to our oíd frieuds every summer
a. seen
b. see
a saw
d. seeing

2. this down, please.

a. Writing
b. Write
c, Written
d, Wrate

3, My husband is frightened of
a. flying
b, ny
c. flcw
d. flown

4. a class can help you learn a language.

a. Took
b. Take
c. Tflking
d. Taken

5. Do you want to to a movie tonight?

a. went
b. going
Q. go
d. gone

6, Be careful with this glass. Don't it.

a. breaking
b. broke
c. break
d. broken
 EXERCISE B Match each Ítem with its meanlng.

1. to continué a. a paper that shows something important

2. to drop in b- out of money

3. certifícate C. having a feeling of great satisfaction

4. besides d. to do something without stoppíng

5. softly e. not loudly
6. pretty soon f. to make a visit, often without asking ñrñt
7. proud g. also
8. broke h. in a very short time

EXERCISE C Use the gerund form of verbs in the box to fill in the blanka*

heve live nieet lose

watch buy íly listen

1. Would you like to have a roommate instead of alone?

2. Tm broke. Not any money is difíícult.

3. to mu&ic at night helpñ me relax.

TV is not good for young children.

5. Are you unhsppy about the game last nightV

6. my own home is something that I look forward to-

7. Tlie atudents were excited about the genere 1.

8, Mrs. Lind Es güing to London, but ahe*fí nervoufí abouí.

 EXERCISE D Match two sentences that ha ve a similar meaning.
Number I is an exainpfe.

b 1, Can you help Sam? a. Wc don't allow him to do that.

2. Could yon drive me home? b. Will you help him?
3, Are yon going to go home early? c. Would you drive me?
4, You don't have to take yaur hat off. d. Could you drop by then?
5. Robert must not hit other kids. e. Will you leave early?
6. We have tobe on time, í Is she going to come then?
7. You caí] choose Lo gu or stay g. We must not be late,
S- Wouldyou visitme tomorrow? h. You don't have to go.
9. Will Mary arrive at 3 p.tn.? i. You can choose to remove it
or kccp it on.

EXERCISE E Makea guess. Fill in the blanks using mustoí mustnot.

Nttmber 1 is an example.

1. They ncver eat cakes or cookies.They must not _. like sweets.

2. Everyone is arriving late to work. The trafile be bad.
3. Frank aíways asks to drive. He realty tike to drive.
i. Robert is getting low grades in math. He understand malh.
5. Jane never wants to go to the malL She _ enoy s
6- Mark isn't sick, but he's off today. He have fiomethinj^ to do.
7. Bobby never drinks milk. He like the taste.
S. Sam got foui* tickets already. He . drive very carelessly.
9. Your daughter's heen sick for a week. You he worried.
 EXERCISE F Change the ¡deas to plans tor Ihe fu tu re. Use BE going fo.
EXAMPLE: (SEE): We should have a party.-* (SAY): We're going to have a party

1. I'ra supposed to go home nowr

2. We might study tonight.
3. Glen may go to college.
4. Linda would like to leave soon,
5. Tim and Joan might getmarried.
6. Yon could do well on the test.

EXERCISE G Match the question wtth the best answer.

1. Will you lock the door, please? a. I can't I won't be near u phuntí.
2. Would you wash the dishes? b. Sorry? I can't sign until I've reud it.
3. Could you givc me a cali tonight? c. I can try, Is it ví/ry difíiirult?

4. Will you sign this letter now? d. Yes, I wilL It's my turn to do them,
E. Can you help me with my math? e. I'm sorryh T can't cnok.
6. Could you bake a cake for Julie? f. Sure, Til do it when I leave.

EXERCISE H Select the best answer

1. Maryhasalotof Shejustwon $10tOOO.

a. pain
b. candlcs
c. luck
d,

2. We got a which says that we corapleted the courso.

a. certifícate
b. turn
c. birthday
H. couple
3. Please the radio, I can't hear it.
a. come over
b. turn off
c. turn up
d. take turns
4. She was bcim tyn years ago today. Today's her

a. birth
b. candi e
c. present
d. birthday
5. Do you raind if I tonight?
a. drop by
b- turn down
c. blow out
d. am born
6. Mark; My Kon's afraid of big dogs.
Tom: Why is he them?
a. proud of
b. excited by
c. scared »f
d. pleased with
7. My grandfather has a lot of money. He's
a. poor
b. rich
c. sitk
d. tall
8- Bill slept wcll last night. His bed was
a. comforts ble
b. unpleasant
c. underneath
d. certain
9. Shc wrapped the book means she
a. put it out
b. paid a lot for ít
c. put it aside
d. put paper around it
10, We have enough money to get a new car. We can it.
a. afford
b. continué
c. drop in
d. believe in
11. Rick: Can you Icnd me a couple of pencils, please?
Jane: Okay. I have for yon.
a. four
b. two
c. twelve
d. ten

12. Do you have a match? I need one for the on the uake.
a. candles
h. gifts
c. blossoms
d. sweets
My daughter received a lot of for hcr birthday.
a. ages
b. goals
c. sales
d gífts
14. Theatudeats answering the questions.
a. took turns
b- turned
c. took off
d. turned on
15. John's excited about his trip next month, He's it.
a. frightened about
b. looking forward to
c. worried about
d. bored by

AMERICAN LANGUAGE CGUfiSE

EVALÜATION EXERCISES FOR BOOK 14 LESSON 4
EXERCISE A Listen to the question and seleot the best answer.
1. Yes, I love to travei _
a. early
b. foreign
C- abroad
d. carefully

2. There were only two

a.
b. pasaengera

d. supermarkets

3. I „ a little every month

a, took ofF
b, put aside
c, dropped in
d- foimd out

4. Yes, picase get more

a. refreahments
b, addresses
c, bracelete
d. certificates

5. No, I tlecided to _
3. go onhne
b. find a book
c. bake a cake
d. take a chance

6. I like to
a, climb mountains
b, fly airplañes
c. walk around
d. look at web sites
EXERCÍSE B Write the letter of the answer that matches the question.

b,
They pay a fare,
a. board a vehicle,
He said that I ought to andsítin their
compare the air fares of seats.
three or four airlines. c.
T wanted
to compare Faves to
Now York

1. Why was this flight better than your last one?

2. Wliy did you connect to the Internet last night?
3. What advice did your friend give?
4. What did the flight attendant at the airline ^ate juat say?
5. Which refreshment was the best?
G. Whatdo passengers do?
7, Which airline has the besl website?

d,
JetWind has the best
one oniine beca use it's
the easiest tu use.
e.
Sho tiaid that all
passengers had lo board
the pEane as soon as
possible.

f.
The weather wasn't
as rough as beforet so S-
we had a smoüther The apple pie was
flight. ihe best because it
torrific and
lastod great.
 EXERCISE C Study John's problems. Glve advlce wilh onght to.

1. I want to speak English better.

2. I lost my wallet this morning.

3. It's 8 p.m. I have a book quiz tomorrow morning. I haven't studiod yot, but my
friends want me to go out to see a movie with them now.

4. My children want a dog, but my wife's afraid of anímala.

EXERCISE D Complete the sen ten ce wlth the correct form of the word In Q,
Numbcr 1 is an example.

1. Mary got a 72 on the test. John got a 70.

John did woreethan Mary (badly)

2, Bill spelled five words wrong, Tim spelled two wrong. Alice spelled four wrong.

Tim spelled of all. íwell)

3, My friend ran three miles, and he was tired. I ran five miles, but T wasiTt ti red,

T ran my friend. (well!

4. Mike had three car accidenta. Maria had one car accident. Gloria had
two car accidenta.

Mike drives ofall. (badlyí

5. Steve &hot four birds. Kíck shot six birds. Mark shot seven birds.

Mark shot ofall, (well)

6. I scored 10 points. Ken scored 16 points.

Ken scored me. well)

EXERCISE E Select the correct modal lor reported speech.

1. Bob:nireturnlater,
Bob said he later.
a. mightreturn
b. returncd
c. would return
2. StelEa: We may drop by next week.
Stelfa said that they by next
a. werc dropping
b. would drop
c. might drnp
3. Driving instructor: You must not park here.
The driving instructor said you park here.
a. have had to
b. must not
c. didn't have to
4. SSgt Travis: You and your men must practice tonight,
SSgt Travis said that we practice tonight,
a. had to
b. can
c. could
5. Mr. Clark: You don't have lo do all the honiEwork.
Mr. Clark said we do all the homework.
a. must not
b. didn't have to
c. didn't
6. Lt Col Blue: We could have a sdiool picnic in the spring.
The colono! said that we a achool picnic in the sprmg.
a., could have
b. would have
c. have had
7. Ms. Oliver: You have to cali three people back.
She said you thrcc people bacL
a. were calling
b. would cali
c. had to cali
EXERCISE F CircJe the best answer.

1. We met our friends at the movies by chance. We met them

a. accidentally
b. smoothly
c. easily
d. proudly
2. Cali me as soon as you arrive home.
5. when
b. befo re
c. after
d. by
3. I think Jane's making some coflee. Can you it, too?
a. read
b. connect
c. board
d,
4. Dana slipped un the ley road shegotout of the
a. bcsides
b. underneath
K. ahrnad
d- just as
5. Wo had a difEicult boat trip, The ocean was
a. sniooth
b. fast
c. rough
d. calm
6, Theyhadta the picnic because af bad weather.
a. open
b- plan
c. promise
d. cancel
 7. Good things always happen to her. She's so
a. lucky
h. basic
c. upset
d soft
8. The meeting continued for a long time. It went
a. from now on
b. on and on
c. in a hurry
d. right away
9. The soup is delicious, It has a wonderful
a. touch
b. meaJ
c. sound
d. taste
10. I don't know how to fix a lamp, but 111 to do it welL
a. ought
b. used
c. serve
d. attempt

11. If I m a k e y o u a to take you sightseeing, I1!! certainly do it.

a. program
b. problem
c. promotion
d. pro mi se

12, M<my people take wh^n they are in foreign citios.

a. turns
b. barns
c. fares
d- tours
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