HEALTH CARE SERVICES NCII HANDOUT
UPDATED DECEMBER 2012
PREPARING AND MAINTAINING BEDS/LINEN STOCKS
1. What will you do first before making
up the bed? Why?
2. What will you do if you found dentures
or ring under the pillow while doing
bed making /changing the linen?
3. Are you going to shake off the linen
that you stripped from the bed? Why
4. Where will you place the soiled linens?
5. What will you do with the soiled linen?
6. What will you put/place when patient
is soaking?
7. How often do you change bed linens?
8. Follow-up question on #7. WHY?
9. How will you maintain linen stocks at
end user location? Distribution?
10. If you have found a sharp object in the
soiled linen, what will you do next?
11. What is the most appropriate solution
that would be used to disinfect the
linen? Or What would you use to
disinfect the linen?
FM Dec
 Perform Hand washing. To avoid the spread of
microorganism.
 Wear Personal Protective Device
 Get a tissue or wear a clean glove (prevent
contamination)
 If denture, wash and clean it with running water,
then put in a denture cup (if available) or put it on
a clean container, and place on the bedside table.
 If ring, Place in an envelope or small plastic bag
and label it with the name of the patient, item,
room number and give it to the watcher – ask the
watcher what her/his relationship with the patient
if not related or no watcher is around give the ring
to the Nurse on Duty – Supervisor for safekeeping
and document.
 No. To prevent spread of microorganisms and
cross contamination.
 Use pillow case as improvised linen hamper /
linen trolley.
 Place it on the line trolley and put it in the Waste
container label - Soiled Linen.
 Place an Absorbent pad / rubber sheet then
change the linen
 As soon as possible
 PRN (as necessary / whenever possible)
 Depending on hospital policy.
 To control linen stocks.
 To prevent shortage of linen stocks – especially
during rainy days and plenty of patients.
 Inventory process together with the in charge and
the supervisor.
 When the FAR LEVEL (Cut off limit) will be meet.
 Wear Gloves –
 If none. Use tissue or pick-up forceps and
throw/put it in the sharp waste container and
consider linen as soiled.
 Disinfect soiled linens with Detergent Soap.
 12. When changing/performing/doing the
linen of an occupied bed, What would
you do to insure your patient’s
comfort and safety?
13. In bed making, how will you position
your pillows?
14. How will you handle patient who
always complain while changing bed
linen?
15. What is your self protection in
performing bedmaking? Or How will
you protect yourself when changing
the patient bed linen?
16. What transport equipment will you use  Linen Trolley.
to transport the soiled linen?
17. How do you keep track and monitor
linen stock at end user locations?
Notes:
OPTIMUM LEVEL (Actual Stock)
FAR LEVEL (Cut off)
COLLECT AND MAINTAIN LINEN STOCK AT THE END USERS LOCATION
What are the Linen Stock?
When are you going to collect soiled linen? Collect soiled linens if necessary / or depend on the
What will you do with the soiled linen
bag?
What is the most appropriate equipment
that would be used to transport soiled
linen? What will you use to protect to
protect yourself?
Do you know your linen stocks? How often YES. As per hospital policy and procedures
do you request for new linen?
FM Dec
 Thru Comfort – Place PILLOWS and Always ask the
patient if he/she is comfortable – OKEY and
provide privacy to your patient.
 For Safety – Always put up the side rails, pillow,
tables, and chairs and assist the weak side of the
patient and use correct body mechanics.
 Open side should be facing away from the door.
 Be patient
 Explain calmly the procedure and the importance
/ rationale to the patient, but assess also the
health status of the patient
 If still insist / complaining ignore the attitude of
the patient and continue your work / procedure.
 Handwashing
 Wearing of Personal Protective Equipment.
 Inventory Process.
Example:
 OP 60 capacity + 40 excess = 100
 FL 40 or 50 left request again to maintain
optimum level.
Linen stock are:
Bottom Sheet
Rubber Sheet
Draw Sheet
Top Sheet
Pillow Case
hospital policy or as needed.
Place in a plastic bag and seal
Place in the trolley for soiled linens
For transporting – Linen hamper or linen trolley.
Wear PPE and gather all soiled linen, tie and put it
into the mobile waste bin labeled Soiled Linen.
 ASSISTING IN PATIENT MOBILITY
1. How will you assist in patient mobility?
2. What are some safe handling methods
that would be use in carrying out
patient mobility?
3. How will you ensure that your patient
comfort and safety is achieved while
doing mobility?
4. Why does body mechanics important?
Give 3 answers
5. What will you do first before going to
the patient to assist him/her in
mobility?
What protective device will you use?
6. Give examples of assistive devices
FM Dec
 Assist patient on the affected side or the weak
side.
 Use an assistive device
 Use body mechanics –
1. Enlarging the base of support increases the
stability of the body.
2. Facing in the direction of the task to perform
and turn the entire body in one plane.
 Always assist the weak side or affected side of
the patient, place hands on the abdomen, and
Support the back of the patient.
 Assisting the patient to:
 Change Position
 Walk / Ambulate
 Wheelchair
 Transporting patient by wheelchair or
stretcher
 Crutches or other walking aids
 Use a hoist or mechanical lifter.
 Thru Comfort – Place Pillows and always ask the
patient if he/she is comfortable – OKEY and
always provide privacy by placing blankets and
put curtains drawn
 For Safety –
o Always put up the side rails, if no siderails use
pillow or chair
o Place transfer belt when moving patient
o Always assist the weak side of the patient.
o Lock Wheels.
 Prevent back injury / strains
 To avoid injury to the patient
 Protects us from strain.
 Maintain body posture
 Maintain balance
 Check the doctor’s order – to know which side is
affected and to know our limitation.
 Confirm the NOD regarding the procedure, to
avoid error.
 For protective devices depends on the case of
the patient.
 Transfer Belt
 Wheelchair & Stretcher

7. What are safe handling methods in
doing/ performing mobility?
ASSISTING IN TRANSPORTING PATIENT
1. In preparing a patient for transport,
Why do we need to confirm the
transport requirement to the health
care professionals?
2. Who will issue transport order?
3. Why is it necessary to explain
procedure to the patient and relative
in transporting?
4. How will you promote / ensure
comfort and safety to the patient?
5. What would you do if the transport
equipment is not working? Or What
will you do if there is defective
equipment / non-functioning? Give 3
answers
6. How are you going to transport a
patient going in and out of his room
using a wheelchair?
FM Dec
 Mechanical Lifter
 Walker / Canes
 Always assist the back of the patient and
maintain body alignment.
 By positioning patient in a sidelying, sitting
position, dangling.
 To avoid error or committing mistakes such as:
 Wrong patient, procedure and equipment
 Always identify the right patient.
 To know what kind of transport equipment will
be needed to use in transporting the patient.
 Doctor / Attending physician
1. To Patient
 Gain trust and cooperation
 Establish rapport (mutual trust)
2. To relatives- Reduce anxiety or allay fears
 Comfort
 Always DRAPE patient
 Always communicate with the patient.
 Safety
 Inspecting the environment for any
hazards and preparing the necessary
materials before transporting.
 Straps / belt are secured
 Brakes are functioning
 Wheel of the wheelchair/stretcher can be
locked
 Entrance and Exit Door – make sure that the
nurse exit / enter first before the patient.
 Do not use
 Report to nurse on duty / Supervisor
 Label the defective equipment
 Inform the person responsible (maintenance)
To ensure that the transport equipment is
functioning
 To prevent accident
 To avoid charges of negligence
Check to make sure that:
 There are no broken or missing parts
 The wheels turn smoothly and any safety straps
are secure

ASSISTING IN BIO-PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT OF THE CLIENT
1. Why is rapport important?
2. How will you maintain rapport with
your client?
3. How will you provide privacy with your
client?
4. Conflict usually arise in the
performance in work area, How will
you handle and manage it?
5. Why is comfort measures and safety
important?
HANDLING WASTES IN A HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT
1. What is Waste Management?
2. What are hospital policies on waste
segregation and disposal
3. Explain and give examples of wastes in
the hospital:
FM Dec
 The brakes hold well
The transfer can be done with one assistant or two
Assistant first before patient – Handle wheelchair in
backward motion when entering & going out of
the door.
 To establish trust
 To gain cooperation and reduce anxiety
 At door entrance KNOCK, GREET the PATIENT
and INTRODUCE YOURSELF.
 Interact with the patient and always address
their needs.
 Talk to the patient with courtesy
 Always maintain eye contact.
 Always SMILE.
 Avoid unnecessary exposure of patient’s body.
 In ward or public area - Use drapes and place bed
screen or secure curtains.
 In private room close curtains and door.
 If you are the person concern - Talk to the person
personally together and manage it.
 If other person is concern – Ignore it.
 Comfort
o To create a therapeutic environment
 Safety – To prevent injuries.
 To promote wellness and fast recovery of the
patient.
 Proper segregation of Waste and to prevent
contamination.
 A process of collecting, Sorting, Labeling and
Disposing waste in the healthcare environment.
 Handwashing
 Proper use of PPE (Personal Protective
Equipment)
 Use of Color Coding
 Labeling, Categorizing, segregating
 In accordance with Hospital Policy
1. Organic material ( Nabubulok) – Fruits, leaves,
food, etc
2. Sharps – needles, blades
3. Syringes

4. Do you have color coding in hospital
Waste?
5. Give examples that you found in the
hospital waste?
10. How will you collect and segregate
wastes in health care?
11. Why is it important to label assorted
waste? Give 2 reasons
12. Why is color-coding important?
13. How will you prevent the spreading of
microorganism?
14. What is the important of waste
management in healthcare
environment?
15. What is the risk and hazard that we
will encounter while segregating
waste?
16. What are wastes categories?
FM Dec
4. Infectious – Body, body secretions
5. Cytotoxic – broken thermometer
6. Radioactive – x- ray film, CT scan film, radio
plaque dye
7. Pharmaceutical - medicines
8. Clinical – used gloves, NGT, FC, plaster, masked,
caps
9. Chemical – pesticides, Lysol
 YES.
o To determine types of waste categories
o To educate people especially who cannot
read. Thru color coding - they will know
where to throw / segregate waste.
 Syringes, Needles, Blades
 Gloves, Foley Cath, NGT
 Body Secretion
 Use of PPE
 Familiarize all kinds of waste
 Use appropriate types of equipments
 Prevent cross contamination
 Prevent further spread of infection
 To identify, categorize waste according to types
and to promote safety for the collector.
 For people who do not know how to read will be
able to categorize waste through color coding,
no need for you to label.
 Handwashing.
 To promote a well sanitized environment for
recovering patient and as well as the health care
workers.
 To prevent pathogens from contacting people in
the community.
 Accidental needle puncture.
 Burn / poisoning
 Cross-contamination
1. Organic material ( Nabubulok)
2. Sharps
3. Syringes
4. Infectious – body secretions
5. Cytotoxic
6. Radioactive
7. Pharmaceutical - medicines
8. Clinical – used gloves, NGT, FC, plaster
9. Chemical – pesticides, Lysol
 17. What is yourself protection in Waste With the use of PPE ( Personal Protective
Segregation? Equipments )
 Gown
 Gloves
 Mask
 Goggles
 Shoe cover
 Hair net / bonnet / cap
18. Where do wastes being kept?  Waste storage area that are away from the
patient.
19. What will you do with the soiled plastic  Tie, label and place to waste bin. – To prevent
bag? transfer of microorganism.
 Use leakage resistance bags.
20. Why do we place plastic bag in Sharp  To avoid cross-contamination.
container?  To prevent wound puncturing.

Tips:

Why is it necessary to place plastic Bag  To prevent puncturing.

in the Empty bottle/container?  To avoid cross-contamination.
When segregation makes sure always 
place it in the plastic container – the
sharp box and when disposing the
sharp object always include the plastic
container cover / tie with the plastic
bag.
Wearing of PPE 
Donning/ Dressing Removing
From dirtiest to Cleanest
Cap Gloves
Mask Apron
Gown Gown
Apron Boots
Gloves Goggles
Boots Mask
Goggles Cap

Color coding for waste storage:

1. Black – Non- biodegradable / non-infectious dry waste
2. Green – Bio degradable / non-infectious wet waste
3. Yellow - infectious and pathological waste
4. Yellow with black band- for collection of chemical waste
5. Orange - radioactive waste
6. Red - sharps and pressurized containers.

FM Dec