Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Canara Engineering College, Benjanapadavu, Bantwal

Lesson Plan
Subject: POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION
Code:15EE72
Semester: VII
Year:2018-2019 (Odd)
Course Objectives:
At the end of the semester/program the students must be able to
I. Understand components of protection scheme and explain relay construction and
operating principles.
II. Explain over current protection using electromagnetic and static relays and over
current protective schemes.
III. Discuss construction, operating principles and performance of various differential
relays for differential protection.
IV. Explain the principle of circuit interruption and different types of circuit breakers.
V. Describe the construction and operating principle of different types of fuses and to
give the definitions of different terminologies related to a fuse.

Course Outcome:
The Students can
1. Discuss performance of protective relays, components of protection scheme and
relay terminology.
2. Explain the working of distance relays and the effects of arc resistance, power
swings, line length and source impedance on performance of distance relays.
3. Interpret performance of differential relays and select the settings of different
protective relays for generators, transformers and bus zones.
4. Select circuit breakers for different applications.
5. Describe the construction and operating principle of different types of fuses and
discuss modern trends in power system protection.

Prerequisites:
15MAT11: Engineering Maths-I
15ELE15: Basic electrical engineering
15EE33: Transformers and Generators
15EE42: Power Generation and Economics
15EE62: Power System Analysis – 1

Signature of the staff with date

Name of the Staff: Signature of H.O.D with date
Lecture Topics
Hour
MODULE 1- Introduction to Power System Protection, Relay Construction
and Operating Principles, Over current Protection
L1 Need for protective schemes, Nature and Cause of Faults
L2 Types of Fault, Effects of Faults, Fault Statistics
L3 Zones of Protection, Primary and Backup Protection, Essential Qualities of
Protection
L4 Performance of Protective Relaying, Classification of Protective Relays
L5 Current Transformers for protection, Voltage Transformers for Protection
L6 Introduction to relays, Electromechanical Relays
L7 Static Relays – Merits and Demerits of Static Relays
L8 Numerical Relays, Comparison between Electromechanical Relays and
Numerical Relays
L9 Introduction to over current protection, Time – current Characteristics
L10 Current Setting, Time Setting, numerical problems.
MODULE 2- Over current Protection (continued), Distance Protection
L11 Over current Protective Schemes
L12 Reverse Power or Directional Relay, Protection of Parallel Feeders, Protection of
Ring Mains
L13 Earth Fault and Phase Fault Protection, Combined Earth Fault and Phase Fault
Protective Scheme
L14 Phase Fault Protective Scheme, Directional Earth Fault Relay
L15 Static over current Relays, Numerical over current Relays
L16 Introduction to distance protection, Impedance Relay
L17 Reactance Relay, Mho Relay, Angle Impedance Relay
L18 Effect of Arc Resistance on the Performance of Distance Relays, Reach of
Distance Relays.
L19 Effect of Power Surges(Power Swings) on Performance of Distance Relays
L20 Effect of Line Length and Source Impedance on Performance of Distance Relays.
I Internal Test (Portion Lecture classes 1-20)
MODULE 3- Pilot Relaying Schemes, Differential Protection , Rotating
Machines Protection, Transformer and Buszone Protection
L21 Wire Pilot Protection, Carrier Current Protection
L22 Differential Relays, Simple Differential Protection
L23 Percentage or Biased Differential Relay
L24 Differential Protection of 3 Phase Circuits, Balanced (Opposed) Voltage
Differential Protection.
L25 Protection of Generators
L26 Protection of Generators continued
L27 Transformer Protection
L28 Transformer Protection continued
L29 Buszone Protection, Frame Leakage Protection
L30 Numerical Problems
MODULE 4- Circuit Breakers
L31 Introduction, Fault Clearing Time of a Circuit Breaker
L32 Arc Voltage, Arc Interruption, Restriking Voltage and Recovery Voltage
L33 Current Chopping, Interruption of Capacitive Current
L34 Classification of Circuit Breakers, Air – Break Circuit Breakers
L35 Oil Circuit Breakers, Air – Blast Circuit Breakers
II Internal Test (Portion Lecture classes 21-35)
L36 SF6 Circuit Breakers
L37 Vacuum Circuit Breakers, High Voltage Direct Current Circuit Breakers
L38 Rating of Circuit Breakers, Testing of Circuit Breakers
L39 Testing of Circuit Breakers continued
L40 Numerical problems
MODULE 5- Fuses, Protection against over voltages, Modern Trends in
Power System Protection
L41 Definitions, Fuse Characteristics
L42 Types of Fuses, Applications of HRC Fuses
L43 Selection of Fuses, Discrimination
L44 Causes of Overvoltages, Lightning phenomena
L45 Wave Shape of Voltage due to Lightning, Over Voltage due to Lightning
L46 Klydonograph and Magnetic Link, Protection of Transmission Lines against
Direct Lightning Strokes
L47 Protection of Stations and Sub – Stations from Direct Strokes
L48 Protection against Travelling Waves
L49 Insulation Coordination, Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL)
L50 Gas insulated substation/switchgear (GIS).
III Internal Test (Portion Lecture classes 35-50)

Recommended text books:

1. Power System Protection & Switchgear - Badriram and D N Viswa Kharma,

McGraw Hill , 2nd edition.
2. Fundamentals of Power System protection - Y G. Painthankar and S R Bhide-PHI
publication, 2009.
3. Switchgear and Protection - Sunil S Rao, KhannaPublishers