Manual For Piracy

海賊被害防止のための船上における訓練の手引き
Manual for Onboard Anti-Piracy Security Drill
平成 16 年 2 月
February 2004
財団法人海事産業研究所
Japan Maritime Research Institute

Preface
Since late 1990’s, it is a regret that there is a gradually growing number

of piracy in the world each year. Besides theft, there are examples of
damage such as threat, injury, murder of the crew with arms such as
automatic rifle etc, robbery of money and equipment of the ship, hijack of
the ship, etc. Piracy tends to be more violent and organized. Such situation
becomes not only a threat to crew and ship’s safety but also an anxious
factor as a hindrance to regional security and development of international
economy through seaborne trade. In viewing where piracy occurs, South
East Asia waters including the Malacca and Singapore Straits are the
world’s highest risk regions.
South East Asia waters are a main trade route for energy resources, raw
materials and products essential to industrial activities especially for the
Asian countries such as Japan. To secure the said waters, in January 2004,
the first ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Transnational Crime+3
(AMMTC+3) was held by 10 ASEAN countries plus 3 countries (Japan,
China, Korea), and adopted a joint communiqué to confirm that the plus 3
countries assist measures to 8 fields such as piracy and arms smuggling, etc
for each ASEAN countries. In addition to measures taken by the state’s
level, ships navigating waters where piracy often occur should be well
accustomed to measures for anti-piracy as self-defense to ensure its own
safety.
Under these circumstances, on and after the fiscal year 2000, the
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport assigned a research on
piracy to Japan Maritime Research Institute. Japan Maritime Research
Institute has analyzed the current state of piracy affairs and its damage,
made a research on anti-piracy measures. Recently, as a study in the fiscal
year 2003, Japan Maritime Research Institute made a guiding manual for
Japanese operators of ocean going ships, its operating ships, and relevant
parties on concrete ways to deter pirate attacks and effective drills for
onboard anti-piracy. Also it is aimed that the parties concerned to be
thoroughly aware of what should be done. This manual is written in
conversation form based on scenarios considering various situations such
as finding a suspicious boat, excluding intruders by discharging water, etc,
being under control by armed pirates, and is shown in Japanese-English.
The manual is taken care that it can be carried out within the limited time
and not to interfere any normal operation of the ship. Thus, in the drill,
there are some procedures that may be omitted but to be confirmed orally.
It will be a great pleasure to have this book made the most of as an
anti-piracy reference to not only the ship but also widely to parties on
maritime affairs. We are very grateful to the International Shipping
Division, Maritime Bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport, and parties concerned for their kind assistance to draw up this
study.
February 2004
Kiyoshi Terashima
President
Japan Maritime Research Institute
Contents
I. Concepts Behind This Manual
II. Notes on Using This Manual
III. Drills Designed to Cope with Pirate Attacks

[ １ ] Raising the alarm onboard ship (No.1)
[ ２ ] Raising the alarm onboard ship (No.2)
[ ３ ] Using the fire hoses (No.1)
[ ４ ] Using the fire hoses (No.2)
[ ５ ] Operating search lights, deck lights and other illumination devices
(nighttime drills)
[ ６ ] Securing onboard facilities
[ ７ ] Zigzag navigation
[ ８ ] Assembling crew to fixed stations to deter pirates from boarding
[ ９ ] Enhancing anti-piracy patrols
[１０] Recording acts of piracy
[１１] Countermeasures once pirates have boarded the ship
[１２] Escaping to secured areas
[１３] Coping with pirate attacks when the ship is at anchor
[１４] Confirming stations to deter pirates from boarding (simplified drills)
[１５] Raising alarms verbally onboard ship
[１６] Preparing anti-piracy equipment in advance
[１７] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.1)
[１８] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.2)
[１９] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.3)
[２０] Practicing use of lifesaving equipment
[２１] How to cope when the ship is under pirate control
[２２] Cases for which drills are difficult to carry out but that still require
attention
IV. Examples of Actual Measures Taken Onboard Ship to Deter Pirate Attacks
V.Report Items When Damages Occur

（１）Ship’s message formats as recommended by the IMO
（２）Sample report formats
VI. Tables of Measures to be Taken to Deter Pirate Attacks

I. Concepts Behind This Manual
This manual was organized in consideration of the following concepts.
＜Concepts for drills＞

1. Drills should be carried out during normal ship navigation.
※ Drills should have minimum impacts on navigation.
2. Drills should be simple, not taking much time.

※ Duration should be aimed 30 minutes to one hour.
※ Drills should be something that the crew does not mind so as to be easily
carried out.
3. Drills should never place pressure on planners or participants.

※ Drills should be easily carried out by the crew, manual in hand.
※ The number of drills to be conducted at one time should be optimized to
ensure that all participants can easily grasp how their duties and the overall
processes in advance.
4. Drills should be routine procedures.

※ Drills should include onboard duties that crew fulfill on a daily basis so that
they come to understand how combinations of such activities can be effective.
The following guidelines were incorporated when this manual was compiled
so that the above-mentioned concepts are to be realized.
① Drills are broken into parts.

② Even though related drills are designed to be carried out as they are to
effectively beat off pirate attacks, their actual operation should be flexible so
that some components can be skipped as occasion demands.
③ Activities related to the operation of ships in general, which are not usually
considered drills, should be carried out as drills if they are effective in
tackling piracy issues.
④ Drills should be arranged so that if crew complete all drills set forth in this
manual in a certain period of time (within several months), they can acquire
comprehensive knowledge of anti-piracy measures for the ships onboard.
⑤ Even though drills have been broken into parts, a complete drill program can
be made by combining different parts, depending on the ship.
⑥ For the purpose of enhancing mutual understanding as well as identifying
current problems and future challenges, participants should meet subsequently
for several minutes and exchange opinions accordingly.
⑦ As this manual contains actual orders, instructions and report formats, it can
be used exactly as it is.
⑧ Each drill describes “aims” and “applications”, which can be further
developed.
⑨ This manual is available in both Japanese and English, so it can be utilized
by all ships.
＜Points to note when encountering pirates＞
1. What action should be taken to deter pirate attacks?

A general survey of past piracy cases reveals that in most cases which pirates
were forced to abort their attacks, ships clearly demonstrate to the pirates that
various measures are taken to defend themselves.
In other words, indicating such to pirates at an early stage greatly helps to
deter pirates from attacking the ship and prevent piracy damage.
If a situation occurs where pirates are actually encountered, it is important
that the ships adopt as many of the drills described in this manual as possible.
2. While crew must do their best to defend themselves, they must also have the
courage to give up in order to avoid a worst-case scenario.
In many recent cases, pirates were in several boats, while some carried
firearms. Firmly believing that once they board a ship, they can have it under
their control no matter what action the crew might take, pirates will attempt to
approach a ship over a period of several hours, seeking for opportunities.
To handle such attacks, crew must remain patient and calm despite the
awareness that they could be attacked with firearms at any time. Ships should
contact coast guard authorities as soon as possible and take action to gain time
until support arrives.
In the unfortunate case that pirates successfully board a ship and it is judged
that they possess considerable firearms, then the crew should not counterattack
as this might expose crew to an extreme danger.
In order to keep additional pirates from boarding, however, the ship should
continue moving in random zigzags while crew devote themselves to denying
pirates access to the ship's living quarters.
And, in the next stage, when pirates break through and some crew are being
held in hostage, it must be recognized that any further counterattacks may only
worsen the situation.
II. Notes on Using This Manual
This manual contains individual drills that focus on specific situations. The
drills, which represent scenarios, can be combined freely, enabling ships to make
a selection based on their particular situations.
The basic structure of the drills is roughly as follows.
① Items of drill (content)

② Assumptions
③ Presupposition and items to note in carrying out the drill
④ Drill scenario
⑤ Items to note related drill, notes on actual operation, examples of application
Please note that the normal confirmation of an order (i.e. “Roger.”) and its
counter response have been omitted to a minimum so that the flow can easily be
understood.
Although carrying out the related drills, there are some lines attached with
notes “just procedures only” to lessen the burden of the drill. Ships that have
extra time may choose to perform such activities. Otherwise, they should
proceed as instructed by the scenarios.
The scenarios often include lines that are too embarrassing to say. However,
in order to make the most of the drills, it is important to have others act and also
act yourself in practice. For this reason, the progress of a drill is described
verbally as much as possible.
Each ship can take liberty to arrange scenarios as desired, as they are merely
examples. The drills presented here are meant as examples that can be used to
promote further drilling.
It is hoped that each ship will hold meetings frequently regarding the drills
with the aim of improving the existing systems.
III. Drills Designed to Cope with Pirate Attacks
[ １ ] Raising the alarm onboard ship (No.1)
(Assumption)
The watchkeeper spots two small unlit boats moving suspiciously. The
watchkeeper raises the alarm onboard the ship, prompting other crew to take
prearranged action, and informs coast guard authorities on shore of the situation.
※ Raising the alarm quickly is essential so that all crew to be prepared for
action.
※ The master is assumed to be in his cabin, then comes up to the bridge.
※ In order to ensure safe navigation, this drill should be carried out in
relatively deep and unrestricted waters.
＜Drill scenario＞
Watchkeeper ⇒ “I sighted two small unlit boats in a position 1,000 meters to
starboard stern, approaching.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Watch their movements.” (Monitor the radar.)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “They are approaching.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Confirm our position.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Our position is confirmed and recorded.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Use an onboard phone to call the master.) “Two small
suspicious boats are approaching from behind. Please come
up to the bridge.”
Master ⇒ “Get ready to raise the alarm and blow a blast if necessary.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Alarm is ready.” “Turn on searchlights.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boats are in a position 500 meters off the starboard stern.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “I am blowing a blast.” (Blow one long blast at first and then
repeat it several times at appropriate intervals.)
[→The blasts send out a warning to the approaching boats
and inform the crew of an emergency.]
Watchofficer ⇒ “Boats are in a position 300 meters off the starboard stern.”
Master ⇒ (It is assumed that the master has come up to the bridge and
has understood the situation.) “I will command the ship.”
[→It is assumed that these events occur at night. Thus, it
would be sensible for the watchofficer to command the ship
until the master gets his night-vision.] “Raise the alarm
onboard. All crew go to their stations.” “Locate coast guard
authority and be ready to report.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard the ship.) “Two suspicious boats are
approaching. They may be pirates. All crew go to your stations
and confirm all facilities are secured.” “When you are at your
duty stations, report to bridge.”
Master ⇒ “Flash the searchlights on the boats.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Searchlights have been flashed.” (just procedures only)
Master ⇒ “Discharge water around this ship.” (just procedures only)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boats are in position 50 meters on starboard stern.”
Master ⇒ “Report situation to coast guard authority and operating
company.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Contact the coast guard authority by wireless, phone, etc.)
(just procedures only) “This is XXX-registered cargo carrier
XXX. Present position XXX. Course XXX degrees. Speed
XXX knots. I am being chased with small suspicious boats,
probably pirates. I request your assistance.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Make a similar report to operating company.)
Master ⇒ “Increase speed to XXX knots.” “Steer the ship in random
zigzags and throw them off.” (Steer the ship appropriately to
keep the boats from approaching.) (The master actually steers
the ship.)
Watchofficer ⇒ “Small boats have stopped approaching. They are going away
now.”
Master ⇒ “Continue sailing as to watch further developments.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Small boats are two miles away.”
Master ⇒ “Report situation to coast guard authority.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Report to coast guard authority.) “Approaching boats have
stopped. They are going away. We appreciate your assistance.”
“We will contact you again if situation changes.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Small boats seem to have given up the chase.”
Master ⇒ “Return to normal operations for the time being.” “Dismiss
the stations”
Watchofficer ⇒ (via a microphone, etc.) “We have thrown off the small boats.
Dismiss the stations. Pay attention to further warnings.”
Master ⇒ (The master should report to the operating company and the
IMB/PRC.) (just procedures only)
Master ⇒ “Drill is over.”
※ Many reports indicate that some pirates renew their attacks after pretending
to have given up. It is important to remain on the alert until the ship has
sufficiently cleared the dangerous area. This is especially important in cases
where it appears the pirates have been thrown off.
[ ２ ] Raising the alarm onboard ship (No.2)
(Assumption)
The watchkeeper identifies a small suspicious boat 200 meters astern the ship.
The watchkeeper raises the alarm onboard ship, takes measures to deter an
attack and reports to the coast guard authority.
※ If a suspicious boat approaches when preparations have not yet been made,
it could be dangerous to have crew on board taking measures to deter an
attack. This drill should be carried out in consideration of such an event.
Watchkeeper ⇒ “A suspicious boat is rapidly approaching from 200 meters
astern.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Flash searchlights on our stern.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ (Operate searchlights.) “I have found a high-speed boat in
position 200 meters off the port side stern. It appears to be a
pirate boat.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Blow a blast an appropriate number of times and make
contact with the boat.) (Try to contact it via a VHF device.)
“This is containership XXX. Please respond.” (Try several
times.) (Confirm the boat will not respond.) “Report to
master.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ (The watchkeeper reports the situation to the master using an
onboard phone.)
Master ⇒ “Raise the alarm onboard ship and have everyone except
crew on duty in engine room assemble to the bridge.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard ship.) “A pirate boat is approaching
us. Check access points to endure they are secured.”
“Everyone except crew on duty, assemble to the bridge.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Increase speed to maximum.”
Master ⇒ (Show up to the bridge to instruct the watchofficer and
others.) “Watch every movement of the boat and throw it
off by navigating in random zigzags.” “Report to coast guard
authority.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Being careful of surrounding conditions, the watchkeeper
steer the ship ports and starboards the helm so as not to
impact cargoes but to create irregular waves.)
Officer in charge of communication ⇒ (Report the name, position and state
of the ship to a coast guard authority.) “XXX. This is
XXX-registered containership XXX. Present position latitude
XXX degrees XXX minutes north, longitude XXX degrees
and XXX minutes east, heading northeast bound. We are
chased by a small suspicious boat, which seems to be pirate.
I request your assistance.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Small boat seems to have stopped moving.”
Master ⇒ “Continue to sail as to observe further developments.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Small boat is now two miles away. There are no signs of
chasing us.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Report the situations to the coast guard authority.) “Small
boat following us has now stopped the chase. It is dropping
away into the distance. I appreciate your assistance.” “I will
contact you again if situation changes.”
Master ⇒ “Return to normal operations. Dismiss the stations.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (via a microphone, etc.) “We have thrown off the small boat.
All crew may leave your emergency stations. Pay attention to
further alarms.”
Master ⇒ (Report to the operating company and the IMB/PRC.) (just
procedures only)
[ ３ ] Using the fire hoses (No.1)
(Assumption)
Detect the approach of pirates in an early stage. Force them to deter their attacks
by discharging water on both sides of the ship.
※ It is an important factor for the ship to make pirates recognize that crew are
actively taking countermeasures to deter an attack. Discharging water is a
very effective means for getting this message across.
Master ⇒ (Make an announcement at the same time as raising
the alarm.)
“Boat, which could be pirates, is approaching from
astern. Water discharging team, go to stations.”
(Instruct via onboard phone from the engine
controlling room.)
“Operate emergency fire pumps.”
Water discharging team⇒ (Those in command at duty stations report to the
bridge via their usual mobile wireless
communicating devices.)
“Water discharging team is at its duty stations. We
will now put the hoses together and extend them.”
Master ⇒ “Connect hoses to midship and stern fireplugs on
both port and starboard sides.”
Engine Control Room ⇒ (Report to the bridge.)
“Emergency fire pumps are ready.”
Water discharging team⇒ “We have connected four hoses, two on each side.
We are ready to discharge water.”
Master ⇒ “Fire pumps are ready. Begin discharging water
with the two stern hoses.”
“If the pirate boat should approach us midships,
change to discharge water with the two midship
hoses immediately.”
Master ⇒ “Pirates are approaching from starboard side stern.
Discharge water with full force as they close in.”
Water discharging team⇒ “Pirate boat is sailing away and appears to have
aborted its attack.”
Master ⇒ “Pirate boat has gone.”
“Drill is over. Restore all equipment to original
positions.”
※ To make this drill more effective, carry out other measures at the same time.
Such measures should not interfere with operations and can be done from the
bridge. Examples include navigation in random zigzags and sounding the
horn, among others.
※ Since fire drills can be performed at the same time, this is a highly efficient
drill.
※ Measuring the time required between setting up the equipment and starting
to discharge the water actually is a useful indicator for the next drill. Securing
a target also serves to shorten the time required.
[ ４ ] Using the fire hoses (No.2)
(Assumption)
For ships equipped with water discharging nozzles on their deck handrails or
elsewhere, connect hoses to said nozzles and confirm the discharging of water
after valves have been opened.
Master ⇒ “We will carry out a water discharge drill. Water
discharging team, go to stations.”
Water discharging team ⇒ “Everyone is ready.”
Master ⇒ “Put lines together, and release valves.”
Water discharging team ⇒ “Hoses are connected, and valves are opened.”
Master ⇒ “Discharge water. Start the pumps.”
Engine Control Room ⇒ “Pumps are started.”
Water discharging team ⇒ “Water is being discharged.”
“Discharging of water is normal.”
Master ⇒ “Stop the pumps.”
Engine Control Room ⇒ “Pumps are stopped.”
Master ⇒ “Close valves, and release lines.”
Water discharging team ⇒ “Valves are closed, and hoses are disconnected.”
Master ⇒ “Drill is over. Restore equipment.”
※ Some ships discharge water continuously when they are in dangerous

waters. Since reports indicate that pirates often attack in several boats at one
time, it is necessary to be vigilant to the surroundings at all times.
[ ５ ] Operating searchlights, deck lights and other illumination
devices (nighttime drills)
(Assumption)
In order to indicate that the ship is on the alert against approaching pirates, flash
searchlights, and turn on deck lights in every block without hindering the
navigation.
Watchofficer ⇒ “Boat, which could be pirates, is approaching from 1,000
meters astern.”
“Have searchlight ready.”
(Confirm the ship’s current position, and report the situation
to the master via an onboard phone.)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Searchlight is ready. I will flash searchlight to stern.”
(Flash the searchlight to the surface of the sea as necessary.)
Watchofficer ⇒ (Blow a blast.)
“Increase speed.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Speed is increased.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boat is approaching.”
Master ⇒ (Show up to bridge, and raise an alarm.) “Boat which could
be pirates is approaching. All crew go to your stations.”
Master ⇒ “Turn on work lights in the aft deck.”
“Turn on lower lights in the stern.”
(Confirm that lights are on.)
“Turn on upper lights in the stern.”
“Turn on lights on starboard side of bridge.”
“Turn on lights on port side of bridge.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Keep blowing a blast at a regular interval for warning
purposes while steering the ship.)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boat is slowing.”
“Boat seems to have given up the chase.”
Master ⇒ “Maintain current navigation course for the time being.”
(Maintain course for a while. Confirm that the pirate boat is
out of reach, and then dismiss crew from emergency
station.)
Master ⇒ “Turn off all deck lights.”
“Drill is over. Return to normal speed, and resume normal
operations.”
※ The searchlight may have limitations depending on the ship. Very often,
there is a blind corner at the foot of the shipside. For this reason, drills should
be carried out in safe sailing areas at night in order to ascertain how much
area the light can cover.
※ Simultaneously turning on all on-deck illumination devices might
temporarily degrade the effectiveness of noctovision equipment. Taking into
account the location of such equipment, it will be necessary for each ship to
determine the best course of action, including whether lights should be turned
on or not.
[ ６ ] Securing onboard facilities
(Assumption)
It is assumed that a pirate boat is approaching the ship. Secure all facilities. (or
check to confirm they are secured)
※ Designate in advance the crew who will be responsible for securing
facilities (Form groups as numbers of dividing areas with several crew.) and
assemble at a designated place after completed security.
※ In carrying out this drill, leave three crews (armed with communication
devices such as a transceiver with the bridge) on deck who have a good
knowledge of the ship’s layout. Once all facilities have been secured, or after
a certain period of time has passed, the three crews who play the role of
pirates check to see if there are any ways to enter inside the ship. (All
interested parties will have a review meeting to discuss items that need
attention, etc.)
Master ⇒ “In order to deter pirates from entering inside this ship,
we will carry out a security drill. When I order to
secure facilities in five minutes, secure all routes in
your designated areas that lead into the ship.”
“When you have secured your routes, assemble at
designated areas and report to the bridge.”
Master ⇒ (in five minutes)“Begin securing.”
Each group ⇒ “Securing of area XXX is completed. Everyone is in
room XXX.”
Master ⇒ (when all groups have reported, or five to 10 minutes
after the securing of the ship has been ordered)
“Checking teams check security.”
Security checking team ⇒ “I will first check area XXX.”
Security checking team ⇒ “Area XXX is checked. Everything is in order.”
(Keep checking other areas and report them to the
bridge successively.)
Master ⇒ “Drill is over. We will have review meeting from
XXX at XXX.
※ When navigating in dangerous waters where pirates may attack, it is

thought that all portals except essential ones are kept to be secured. However,
if a pirate boat approaches, it is necessary to confirm whether there is any
problem with securing within a short period of time. To ensure quick
confirmation, crew should be assigned specific areas of the ship to check.
※ Hold a brief meeting to report the results of the drill and have comment
from crew as a means for considering what needs to be covered in future
drills.
※ In addition to ordinary access points, ships are usually outfitted with
hatches for the operation of various activities and for the purpose of escape.
Some of these hatches can only be padlocked from outside. All crew should
acquaint themselves with the location and function of these portals. It is
preferable to consider the use of simple hook-type locks that can be secured
from inside, when ships are in dry dock for repair and such.
[ ７ ] Zigzag navigation
(Assumption)
In order to deter pirates from approaching the sides of your ship, create big
waves on both sides by steering the ship in random zigzags.
※ Select appropriate rudder angles in consideration of the ship’s
specifications (including stability), the volume of cargo being carried, and sea
conditions, among others.
Watchkeeper ⇒ “A pirate boat is approaching to port side.”
Master ⇒ “Check for obstacles in this area.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “There are no obstacles here. It is deep enough.”
Master ⇒ “Throw off pirates by steering the ship in random zigzags.”
(Blow a warning blast.)
“Hard to port.”
“Ease.”
“Hard to starboard.
“Ease.”
“Hard to port.”
“Ease.”
“Hard to starboard.”
(Repeat these procedures several times. In easing the helm,
determine the appropriate angle of the ship’s head after
taking into account the response of the ship, the decrease in
speed, the movement of pirate boat, etc.)
Master ⇒ “The pirate boat is out of sight. Confirm the situation.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “The pirate boat is receding off the port side stern.”
“The pirate boat seems to have given up the chase.”
Master ⇒ “Confirm whether it is far enough away or not with
searchlight and radar.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “It is more than one mile away. It is heading north now.”
Master ⇒ “Return to normal operations.” “Drill is over.”
※ When steering the ship in random zigzags, it is important to simultaneously
increase speed as much as possible since doing so will create bigger waves.
These big waves are effective to pirates taking more time to approach the
ship.
※ Ships with good maneuverability can accomplish this drill with ease, but
ships with poor maneuverability should avoid this drill since random
zigzagging may actually slow these ships down, making it easier for pirates to
alongside ship.
※ According to cargo conditions, steaming for full rudder angles could
threaten ship’s safety such as causing damage to hull and cargo. So, it is
important to find appropriate angles.
※ Also, care should be taken as steering excessive big rudder angle may slow
the ship down at the same time.
※ When steering the ship in random zigzags, it is essential to make sure full
rudder angles will not affect ship’s safety. Always confirm sea conditions are
safe by taking account of drafts, depth, obstacles, etc.
※ This drill can be carried out flexibly. According to steering orders,
participants may not actually steer rudder angles but just confirm it as a
procedure only, or can opt for smaller rudder angles of five degrees or so.
[ ８ ] Assembling crew to fixed stations to deter pirates from boarding
(Assumption)
Upon receiving the order to raise the alarm and proceed to designated stations,
crew should go to their respective stations and report to the bridge. (Watering
procedures and so forth are omitted.) Later, the master judges it is dangerous to
leave crew on deck since being attacked by firearms, order them to withdraw
into the ship.
Master ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard ship.)
“Pirates are approaching from port side stern.
Except for those in charge of operations, all crew
to proceed to designated stations.” “Water
discharging team, report to the bridge with
transceiver.”
Each designated place ⇒ (communication room) “Communication
arrangement team is in position.”
(bridge) “Bridge support team is in position.”
(engine control room) “Fire pump operation team
is in position.”
(crew on the deck) “Water discharging team is in
position at stern fire pumps.”
(others) “XXX team is in position.”
Master ⇒ (to the water discharging team)
“Can you deter pirates from boarding?”
Water discharging team ⇒ “We can’t as they are firing on us.”
Master ⇒ “Water discharging team withdraw into the ship.”
Water discharging team ⇒ “Water discharging team is withdrawn into the
ship. Everyone is safe.” “All portals are secured.”
※ In carrying out this drill, while water is being discharged, have crew who
are not assigned to water discharge duty secure all but a few portals so that
those stationed on deck can withdraw into the ship. The location of unsecured
portals should be determined in advance.
※ Even after all crew have withdrawn from the deck, continue to make every
effort, including maneuvering, to throw off the pirates.
[ ９ ] Enhancing anti-piracy patrols
(Assumption)
In order to enhance patrols in preparation for pirate attacks, carry out this drill to
identify what needs to be focused on when grasping developments in
surrounding areas from the bridge and to motivate crew.
※ Pirates approach ships in various ways. However, ambush-style attack is
considered common among these.
※ Some past piracy cases reveal that 1) the pirates first approach a ship
diagonal forward position while maintaining a certain distance; 2) still
maintaining this distance, the pirates will then proceed to the stern of the ship;
3) the pirates further approach the ship from astern at higher speed; and 4) the
pirates board the ship by hooking ropes and other instruments against
handrails and attack.
※ In the event pirates are divided into several boats, some examples show that
1) groups of pirates approach a ship directly from a diagonal forward position;
2) the pirates approach further to surround the ship; and 3) the pirates attempt
to board the ship where freeboard is low.
※ Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor small boats nearby, and also
maintain a close watch on boats that have gone past each other.
※ As many pirates tend to launch attacks in unlit boats, it is essential to
monitor surroundings by radar.
※ Depending on sea and weather conditions, small boats may not be visible
by ordinary radar unless they come within a close distance of two to three
miles. It is also possible that they may not be visible due to an obstruction or
blind spot even if they are close at hand.
In either case, it is very important to detect the approach of pirates at an
early stage to avoid attacks.
Master ⇒ “We will have watchkeeper launch a piracy detection drill.”
(Read out the prepared assumption at the bridge.)
“Assume radar has detected two apparent fishing boats at
position 40 degrees portside, three miles ahead.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “I have detected two small boats approaching in position 40
degrees to portside, three miles ahead, but cannot see any
lights.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Continue to watch their movements.”
Master ⇒ “Assume small boats will pass about 500 meters to port.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “I still cannot see any lights. Boats are navigating at around
10 knots, and both will likely to pass about three cables to
port if no changes occur.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Starboard 10.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “They are passing about three cables to port. I cannot see any
lights.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Continue to watch movements.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Return to original course.”
Master ⇒ “Assume small boats have changed their course and are
approaching our ship from astern portside.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Two boats have changed their course and are approaching.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Prepare searchlights.”
“Flash them in the direction of the two boats.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boats are two cables away, increasing speed.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Increase speed to maximum.”
“Sound a blast.” (Blast as a warning.)
“Prepare for raising the alarm.”
Master ⇒ “Assume small boats have given up approaching us.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Small boats are decreasing speed.”
“Both have stopped.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “We will maintain this speed until we are at a sufficient
distance from the two boats.”
※ In this drill, taking into account the typical practices of pirates in boats,
focus on the following points to note to raise awareness of essential
precautions.
○ Pay attention to small suspicious boats.
○ Pay attention to small boats that have not displaying any lights.
○ Continue to watch movements of smaller boats that have passed your ship
at relatively short distances.
○ Always monitor the radar when navigating dangerous waters.
○ Recognize that a distance of about three miles can be reached in just a few
minutes.
※ In this drill, the changing of course, the application of searchlights and the
increasing of speed can be carried out just by procedures only.
※ This drill can be carried out for the crew on duty at the bridge only.
[１０ ] Recording acts of piracy
(Assumption)
While anchoring, the watchkeeper discovers that pirates have boarded the ship at
the bow. When a blast is sounded, the pirates dived into the sea and fled in a
small boat.
※ Recording the specific details of the piracy as much as possible, even
during a dangerous situation, will be useful for future reference.
※ The master is stationed on the bridge as arranged, but it is assumed that the
master showed up to the bridge when the alarm was raised.
Watchkeeper ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard ship.)
“Pirates have boarded at the bow deck. All crew should be
on a full alert.”
(Sound a warning blast.)
Master ⇒ (Show up to the bridge and confirm the situation.)
“Turn on searchlights and all illumination devices on deck.”
“How many pirates have boarded?”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “I witnessed two, but both dived into the sea when the
warning blast was sounded.”
Master ⇒ “Bring the video camera.”
“Flash searchlight to follow the pirates.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ (Flash searchlight.)
“I have found a small boat. Four pirates are onboard.”
Others in bridge⇒ “Video camera is ready. I will record the small boat.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Boat is pulling a life raft.”
Master ⇒ “Take note of developments and features of the boat.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “We can no longer confirm the presence of the boat.”
Master ⇒ “Continue monitoring the surrounding area for a while.”
“Write down how many minutes have passed and what has
happened.”
(Make an announcement onboard ship.)
“Pirate boat is gone. They seem to have taken our life raft.
All team leaders assemble to the bridge so as to make
onboard search and check for damages. (just procedures
only)
“Drill is over.”
※ Record as many details of the piracy as possible when an imminent risk has
been avoided or when the ship is being chased by the pirate boat.
※ These data will be very useful when coast guard authorities conduct an
investigation, submitting report to operating companies, and to prove facts on
damage.
It is desirable to keep record by photographs or by video camera to grasp
the features of the pirates.
※ It is desirable to have film and video cameras at hand on the bridge so that
a visual record can be made at once.
[１１ ] Countermeasures once pirates have boarded the ship
(Assumption)
A crew witnesses at the stern some pirates boarding the ship and reports this to
the bridge. The bridge raises the alarm onboard the ship and issues a warning to
the pirates.
Witnessed crew⇒ (Escape immediately from the site and report to the bridge.)
“As many as three pirates are on the stern deck. I do not
know whether or not they have any firearms.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard the ship, but do not sound a blast
yet.)
(following the alarm)
“Pirates have boarded the stern deck. Secure all quarters
doors. Stay inside. Be quiet. Be cautious as they might try to
intrude your area.” (Give these commands at the bridge.)
“Report to coast guard authority immediately.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ (Report to the coast guard authority.) (just procedures only).
“Report made to coast guard authority.”
Master ⇒ “Have deck lights and searchlights ready.”
“Sound a blast, and turn all lights on.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “All lights are on.”
Master ⇒ “Flash searchlights to the stern of the ship.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Some pirates appear to have dived into the sea.”
“I see a boat that may belong to them.”
Master ⇒ “Turn off bow lights. We will continue sailing as we are
now.”
(after sailing for some time)
“Pirates have dived into the sea and fled.”
“We will search inside of the ship. All crew except those in
duty, assemble at XXX room. Work in groups of three or
more.”
(just procedures only)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Searches inside and outside of the ship are over. Life raft
container on the starboard stern is missing. There are no
other problems.”
Watchkeeper ⇒ (just procedures only) “Report is made.”
Master ⇒ (to the ship) “Drill is over.”
※ In switching on all the lights at the same time, it may temporarily

deteriorate the function of noctovision, etc. Thus, its effect should be taken
into account.
※ Be careful when switching on the lights on deck and the searchlight,
because the lights not only have the effect of blinding the pirates, but at the
same time they may also prevent the crew from seeing as well.
[１２ ] Escaping to secured areas
(Assumption)
Confirmed that the pirates have boarded the ship and judged that they may have
entered into some rooms of the ship, order the crew to secure facilities and
escape into designated closed areas, including the bridge.
Master ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard the ship.) “Pirates seem to have
intruded the on-deck storehouse at the stern. All crew to
secure onboard facilities. Work in groups as some pirates
may have already entered inside.”
(At the same time, secure bridge portals so that it may not
be accessible from outside.)
“When facilities are secured, everyone but the watchkeeper
is to meet at room XXX or XXX, whichever is closer.”
Watchofficer ⇒ “Report has been made.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (Call each room to confirm members are present.) (When
their presence is confirmed, sound a blast, and turn all lights
on.)
Watchkeeper ⇒ “Two pirates entered the storehouse but seem to have dived
into the sea.”
※ Under these circumstances, if it has become clear that some crew has
become hostage of the pirates, the master should instruct crew not to put up
any unnecessary resistance and to resort to negotiation whenever possible.
Let all the crew know in advance that those who can escape from the
control of the pirates and can move should dispatch a distress signal using
GMDSS devices, taking care that they are not detected by pirates.
※ Although the use of illumination devices can blind pirates, keep in mind
that they can also temporarily deteriorate the function of noctovision, etc.
[１３ ] Coping with pirate attacks when the ship is at anchor
(Assumption)
Discover pirates with firearms and other weapons are climbing the anchor chain
when the ship is at anchor off a port, report to the bridge at once and escape
inside the ship.
※ As regards ships moored at berths, pirates will usually take flight after they
have been detected, since security authority will in no time attempt to take
them into custody once reports have been made.
※ If pirates are carrying firearms and other weapons, however, overaggressive
countermeasures can only result in making the situation more dangerous.
※ When encountering pirates, the first step is to ensure your own safety. This
accomplished, briefly report the situation to the watchkeeper or others who
can contact with people outside. They should give priority to reporting it to
the coast guard authorities and inform all crew as soon as possible.
※ Immediately after all these measures are taken, issue audio, illumination
and other possible warnings to the pirates, such as sounding a blast, raising
the alarm, and turning on lights, among others.
Crew on duty on deck ⇒ (Contact the bridge with a transceiver.)
“Three pirates with firearms have boarded this
ship from the bow. They are at the bow.” “I
will escape inside the ship.”
Crew on duty at the bridge ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard the ship, and
make voice announcement.)
“Three armed pirates are at the bow. All crew
come up to the bridge. Do not go outside.”
(to the master) “I will report to coast guard
authority.”
(Contact the coast guard authority by radio.)
“Present position latitude XXX degrees XXX
minutes north, longitude XXX degrees and
XXX minutes east. This is M/V XXX at anchor
off XXX port. Armed pirates have intruded
the ship. We request assistance.” (just
procedures only) (Being aware that the pirates
could shoot, turn all deck lights on and sound a
blast, keep low, protect yourself by taking
shelter as much as possible.)
Master ⇒ “Monitor the surroundings, boat movements.”
Watchofficer ⇒ (monitoring the radar) “The small boat is heading north.”
Master ⇒ “We will wait and see what happens.”
(Few minutes passed.)
Master ⇒ “All crew wear protective gears. Organize yourselves in
groups to search the inside and outside of the ship.” (just
procedures only)
Each group ⇒ “We cannot locate any person either inside or outside the
ship. Everything is normal.”
[１４ ] Confirming stations to deter pirates from boarding (simplified drills)
(Assumption)
Assuming that the alarm has been raised onboard the ship, station crew so that
they can confirm their designated positions and duties with no specific
instruction being made.
※ Inform in advance of all crew but the watchkeeper will participate in this
drill and instructed them where to assemble.
Master ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard the ship.) “This is a drill.
Assume that a boat, which could be pirates, is approach-
ing. All crew go to your stations as designated.” (Suppose
the crew are to assemble on the bridge, and confirm that
the crew have assembled there to some extent.)
Master ⇒ “Declare your station, role and place where you are
assigned to lock.”
Crew 1 ⇒ “I am in charge of the engine room and operation of
emergency fire pumps, and I am assigned to check locks
on upper deck, starboard side and on the stern.”
Crew 2 ⇒ “I am in charge of the stern deck and discharging of water,
and I am assigned to check locks on the boat deck on the
starboard side in case escape into the ship becomes
necessary.” (Have other crew recite their stations, roles
and duties, etc.)
Master ⇒ “Later, assemble by position unit, confirm location of
equipment and machinery in about 10 minutes. After that,
dismiss accordingly, and drill will be over.”
Master ⇒ (Make an onboard announcement in 10 minutes.)
“Drill is over. All crew return to your regular stations.”
※ It is necessary for each ship to assign basic stations and roles to crew in
advance, as is the case with general emergency operations.
[１５ ] Raising alarms verbally onboard ship
(Assumption)
For future reference, carry out this drill to gauge how well warnings and
messages from the bridge can be heard in noisy operational stations and
quarters.
※ Dispatch crew to their respective designated positions (including living
quarters) where they are usually stationed under normal operation of the ship.
(In preparation for the drill, select positions in advance, and assign them to
crew.) Identify which position has difficulty receiving warnings and
messages.
※ Adjust the volume of the warning system so that the most appropriate
volume (a volume that can be heard throughout the ship) can be determined.
※ It cannot be denied that some crew make good announcements and others
do not. In carrying out this drill, choose a crew whose normal speech can be
easily understood as an announcer.
Master ⇒ “We will carry out a drill for sending warning messages
onboard this ship. All crew go to designated positions.”
(a few minutes later)
Watchofficer ⇒ (Raise the alarm onboard ship.) (in a normal volume)
“This is a drill. Pirates have boarded from the stern on the
starboard side.” (Repeat twice.)
(Raise the alarm onboard ship.) (in just a little higher volume)
“This is a drill. Pirates have entered XXX. (Repeat twice.)
(※ Make these announcements at a volume and tone
similar to the first one. Do not make them louder on
purpose.) (Raise the alarm at a still lower volume.) (Raise
the alarm onboard ship.) (with volume a little more high, but
maintain similar tone) “This is a drill. There are three pirates.
They have knives.” (Repeat twice.) (a few moments later)
Master ⇒ “Drill is over. Return to normal positions. All crew but
watchkeeper to come to room XXX.”
※ When all crew have assembled, listen to their opinions on the quality of the
warning from each place, and determine how to convey a warning to positions
where it is difficult to hear.
※ As for the crew on duty, request them to assemble after their duties and
listen to their opinions on the warning announcement. At the same time, make
a brief report about the results of the drill on the ship bulletin board to call
their attention.
※ At the bridge, based on the results of the drill, mark the position of the most
appropriate volume for making a warning announcement, and inform the crew
about it for emergency purposes.
[１６ ] Preparing anti-piracy equipment in advance
(Assumption)
Carry out this drill for setting up and using equipment and machinery, among
other items, in advance when navigating waters where piracy often occurs.
※ Equipment which requires certain procedures will not be properly prepared
unless such exercises are carried out on a daily basis. Such equipment tends to
be placed in storage and left unused.
If this is the case, ships cannot make the most of their equipment. It is
necessary then, to identify such equipment in your ship and to let crew
accustomed to handling it without reading instruction manuals, etc. each time.
Keep in mind that if you do not make frequent use of equipment, you will
lose your ability to apply it effectively. Therefore, try to utilize the equipment
installed on your ship as often as possible.
Following are examples of such equipment.
○ Tension sensors
Tension sensor-type devices are among the most popular movable anti-piracy
equipment. When pirates attach a rope or a hook to a ship in attempts to board it,
taut wires strung around the ship will detect the tension generated by the
rope/hook, activating a sensor to raise the alarm.
○ Secure-Ship
“Secure-Ship” is an electric fence developed by the IMB that surrounds the
deck of a ship. It generates a high-voltage shock that, while not powerful enough
to kill or wound intruders, will help to deter boarding attempts.
○ Portable searchlights
Portable searchlights are among the items that ships carry that should be
utilized more effectively. Make full use of portable searchlights if the ship is
equipped with them.
On the other hand, devices that are comparatively easy to set are followings as
such.
○ Scarecrows
Fixing life-size dolls at the handrails or at other locations may convince
pirates that crews are on alert if seen from a distance. This is intended as a
deterrent against pirates.
＜Drill for setting scarecrows＞

Make scarecrows look like crew as much as possible, dress them up and set
them firmly where they can be seen from a distance.
○ Rat guard
Build walls using wooden boards or metal plates at the top of anchor chains
and hawsers (for when a ship is at anchor) and outer passages and stairways to
the bridge (for when it is navigating) to shut off access routes and so that the
intruders may not climb onto the deck or enter into the ship easily.
＜Drill for setting rat guard walls＞

Crew should understand where to set up “rat guard” walls to make them
function most effectively. They should also learn how to set them and have a
clear understanding of their effectiveness.
They should also know where to stow “rat guard” walls when they are not in
use and how long it takes to set them.
As for ships that do not carry “rat guard” walls, it may be a good idea to
create “rat guard” systems with appropriate materials, such as wooden boards, to
make access more difficult.
[１７ ] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.1)
(Assumption)
Assuming that the ship is under a sudden attack by pirates. Crew managed to
escape send a distress signal by EPIRB.
※ Assemble at the place where the EPIRB is located so as to confirm its
location. Have an instructor teach all the crew how to dispatch a distress
signal in order to be ready for emergency, including pirate attacks.
※ As it is prohibited to transmit an EPIRB signal on a trial basis, ensure that a
signal is not sent by mistake during this drill.
[１８ ] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.2)
(Assumption)
Assuming that the ship is under a sudden attack by pirates, transmit a warning
signal via a DSC communication device to request nearby coastguard or ships,
etc. for rescue assistance.
※ Assemble at the place where the DSC communication device is located
(usually, communication room and bridge) so as to confirm its location.
Have an instructor teach all the crew how to operate the emergency signal
button.
※ Assuming that attacks will also take place at night, crew should be
accustomed to use the device also in the dark.
[１９ ] Handling warning functions of GMDSS related-equipment (No.3)
(Assumption)
Assuming that the ship is under a sudden attack by pirates, report the appearance
of pirates by sending a distress warning via an INMARSAT communication
device.
※ Assemble at the place where the INMARSAT communication device is
located so as to confirm its location. Have an instructor give all the crew a
briefing so that they can use the device.
※ If a message (It is desirable that the message should be prepared in
advance.) in anticipation of being attacked by pirates is available, crew should
be accustomed to the device so that they can transmit it easily.
[２０ ] Practicing use of lifesaving equipment
(Assumption)
To deter pirate boats from approaching, use lifesaving signals for warning
purposes.
※ Some reports indicate that the use of lifesaving signals can deter pirate
attacks during nighttime.
※ However, if lifesaving signals are launched directly at pirates, and as a
result cause them injury, etc, the signals could be regarded as lethal weapons
such as firearms. Bear in mind that in such cases, the crew who launched the
devices could be subject to charges for excessive self-defense.
※ Furthermore, if the ship gets under pirate control despite the use of such
signals, they may resort to retaliatory measures. It would be better to make
every effort to refrain from using lifesaving signals.
※ That is to say, when lifesaving signals are used for warning purposes, they
should be launched as mere visual means to indicate that the ship is on the
alert, and not as weapons.
Following are examples of lifesaving equipment, which are used as measures

to deter pirate attacks.
○ Rocket parachute flares

Rocket parachute flares usually rise to an altitude of at least 300 meters, at
which point the parachute opens and a red flare is exposed. The flare descends
slowly, lighting up the surrounding area.
○ Rocket flares
Rocket flares rise to an altitude of 150 meters, where they explode, creating a
flare that lasts for several seconds.
○ Hand flares
Hand flares generate a red flame that last for more than a minute. They are
usually hand-held or placed on deck.
[２１ ] How to cope when the ship is under pirate control
(Assumption)
How to cope when the ship is attacked by armed pirates and placed under their
control.
It is essential to understand that when several crew become their hostages,
any further counterattacks will merely worsen the situation.
In case some crew got under pirate control, it is considered that other crew act
in groups as much as possible would reduce further risk.
Even though pirates are armed, they rarely attack a ship to kill all the crew.
So, if they are not antagonized, they may release hostages after taking all they
want.
If crew act individually, however, isolation could lead to anxiety and hasty
actions that could provoke the pirates.
Once attacks are induced, the risk of danger escalates and it may lead to a
potentially irrecoverable situation.
For these reasons, it is desirable that crew should, in such situations, stay
close as much as possible so that they can confirm situations each other.
Those who are unfortunate enough to be under pirate control, it is important
to follow the instructions and demands of the master or the pirates as much as
possible.
As IMO guidelines indicate, crew should never take heroic actions once the
ship has been under pirate control.
Based on the guidelines, it is desirable to carry out this drill in advance to

have crew realize what they should do to help each other when it is clear that the
ship is under pirate control.
However, being faced with extreme situations such as life or death, nothing
will guarantee their survival.
Therefore, encourage all crew to have a common understanding for the
following.
① Act in groups as much as possible and avoid being alone.

② Take every possible action, such as activating GMDSS and other emergency
communication devices before it gets under pirate control.
③ Do not hide at random but instead assemble at a designated place (Several
places will do.) in advance.
As these products have instruction manuals, crew should know what
lifesaving equipment their ship is outfitted with and how to use it so that they
can cope with an emergency at any time.
In carrying out a drill to get used to such devices, it is necessary for all crew
to sight all the equipment on the ship, read how to use it carefully and
understand the procedures involved with firing it. (Do not actually fire.) ( just
procedures only)
Have an instructor teach all the crew how to use lifesaving signals in case of
pirate attacks.
※ This drill may be carried out together with rescue-related drills.

[２２ ] Cases for which drills are difficult to carry out but that still
require attention
Be aware as such cases are common pirate attack scenarios.

[Case 1]
Pirates attack again (several minutes or several hours later) after pretending to
have given up the chase.
You are apt to feel relieved once the pirates have been thrown off. However,
they may be chasing the ship covertly and attack again or there are also cases
that another waylaid boat of their party attempts to attack.
Once attacked and even if you are confident that you have thrown them off, it
is necessary to maneuver the ship on the alert with the possibility of a second
attack in mind.
[Case 2]
Pirates tenaciously chase a ship, keeping the bridge under constant assault with
firearms.
When the bridge is exposed to gunfire, there may often be problems with
crew morale or will to maneuvering. However, it is extremely important to
continue to maneuver the ship as long as possible to throw off the pirates.
The bridge is usually not strong enough to cope with rifle or guns, but
maneuver the ship while securing as many shelters as possible.
[Case 3]
Several boats skillfully surround the ship to attack it, each playing a different
role.
It may be difficult to throw all of them off simply by maneuvering. In order
to prevent them from forming an advantageous position, take action at an early
stage. If you judge that the number of pirates is rather large, do not hesitate to
contact the coast guard authorities at once and request assistance.
IV. Examples of Actual Measures Taken Onboard Ship to Deter Pirate
Attacks
Following are examples of anti-hijacking and anti-piracy measures being

taken by ships.
(1) Measures taken in respect to the operation of ships

* Enhancement of patrols (stationing more watchkeepers and watchofficers,
providing patrols both inside ship and on deck, hiring onboard guards, and
reinforcing patrols on the stern)
* Carrying out of drills on a daily basis on the assumption that the ship is to be
attacked by pirates (drills for maneuvering ships, handling onboard equipment,
conveying information to interested parties, etc.)
* Identifying those authorities in coastal states and regions that should be
contacted in case of pirate attacks
* Establishment of emergency communication systems with operating
companies, etc.
(2) Examples of onboard equipment that contributes to deterring pirate attacks

① Advanced preparations (preventive measures)
* Scarecrows
* Rat guard (installed on anchor chains and hawsers) (used when ships are at
anchor)
* Rat guard (installed outer passage leading to bridges and stairways) (for when
ships are sailing)
* Discharge of water (over the sides of ships using fire pump, fire hoses and
water sprinklers)
* Application of illumination devices to overboard
* Securing of access points, etc.
* Preparation of audio equipment (blasts, warning alarms, etc.) and illumination
devices (searchlights, etc.) so that they can be used immediately
② Advanced detections (of approaching suspicious boats)
* Radar (for small yachts)
* Radar (for other general ships)
* Binoculars
* Portable noctovisions (night scopes)
* Infrared cameras
* Infrared sensors
* AISs (automatic identification systems)
③ Advance detection of contact (approach of suspicious boats to nearby areas

and intrusion of pirates, etc.)
* Detection equipment, which is activated when changes in tension are detected
on wires and ropes (Toranomon, Momotaro and Mihari-kun)
* Surveillance cameras
④ Deterring pirates from contacting and boarding ships (i.e. – pirate boat
sailing alongside the ship and intrusion, etc.)
* Discharging of high-pressure water
* Searchlights
* Blasts, sirens, onboard alarms, etc.
* Signal lamps for daytime use
* Secure-Ship (electric fences that encircle the deck and which carry 9,000 volts
of electricity (which will neither kill nor injure intruders)
* Other intimidating devices (rocket parachute flares, rocket flares and flares)
(Care is required in using such devices as launching them directly at pirates is
prohibited.)
* Other non-equipment-based measures
Maneuvering ships (i.e. – increases and decreases of speed, creation of waves
by navigating in random zigzags, and making threat of collision)
⑤ Deterring pirates from boarding

* Securing entrances
* Securing elevators, etc.
(3) Equipment for reporting casualties, etc to the outside
* INMARSAT C
* EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon)
* DSC (Digital Selective Calling) (medium and short wave)
* Ship’s telephone
* International VHF devices
(4) Confirmation of ship movements

* General communication
* INMARSAT C Polling
* ShipLoc
* FLEET WATCH (whose system requires the INMARSAT C Polling system)
* Other systems that operating companies have on their own
◆ An example of station plan for pirate attacks

An example of actual station plan for pirate attacks is shown. Refer to it in
making the station plan at each ship and it is necessary to think out to be a more
practical one to suit the current situation of each ship.
STATION PLAN FOR PIRATE ATTACKS
Team Title Name Station Articles Duties
Commander MASTER xxxxx Bridge Tranceiver Overall Command
BRIDGE Team
Team Leader C/0 xxxxx Bridge Tranceiver Watch keeping, Other Working as ordered by Master.
3/0 xxxxx Tranceiver Watch keeping, Recording, Other Working as ordered by Master.
AB xxxxx Tranceiver Helmsman
AB xxxxx Tranceiver Various jobs (Lighting Pirate Boats by Day Light Signal)
Communication Team
Team Leader C/R xxxxx GMDSS Room Tranceiver Communication
2/R xxxxx Tranceiver Support of C/R
Cargo Operations Team

Team Leader 1/E xxxxx Cargo Control Tranceiver Watching Cargo Condition
OLR xxxxx Room Tranceiver Support of 1/E
Defensive Team
Team Leader 2/O xxxxx Tranceiver On-Scene Leader for Defense
Sub-Leader 2/E xxxxx Tranceiver Support of 2/O
BSN xxxxx Area of Pirates Tranceiver Nozzle Man No.1(Discharging water to Pirate Boats)
No.1OLR xxxxx Attacking Tranceiver Nozzle Man No.2(Discharging water to Pirate Boats)
AB xxxxx Tranceiver Hose Man No.1
AB xxxxx Tranceiver Hose Man No.2
AB xxxxx Tranceiver Lighting up Pirate Boats by Searchlights
OLR xxxxx Tranceiver Watching the Opposite Side of Pirates Attacking
Back up Team
Team Leader C/S xxxxx Standing by Tranceiver First Aid
C/COOK xxxxx Defensive Team Tranceiver Support of C/S
2/COOK xxxxx Tranceiver Support of C/S
Engine Team
Team Leader C/E xxxxx Engine Room Tranceiver On-Scene Leader Inside Engine Room
3/E xxxxx Tranceiver Support of C/E
V. Report Items When Damages Occur
(1) Ship’s message format as recommended by the IMO

(MSC/Circ.623 Rev. 3(2002.5.29)
Appendix 2 Ship’s Message Formats
Report 1 – Initial message – Piracy/armed robbery attack alert
1 Ship’s name, call sign, IMO number, INMARSAT IDs (plus ocean region
code) and MMSI
MAYDAY/DISTRESS ALERT (see note)
URGENCY SIGNAL
PIRACY/ARMED ROBBERY ATTACK
2 Ship’s position (and time of position UTC)

Latitude /Longitude
Course /Speed KTS
3 Nature of event
Note: It is expected that this message will be a distress message because the ship
or crew/passenger will be in grave or imminent danger when under attack.
Where this is not the case, the word MAYDAY/DISTRESS ALERT is to be
omitted.
Use of distress priority (3) in the INMARSAT system will not require
MAYDAY/DISTRESS ALERT to be included.
Report 2 - Follow-up report – Piracy/armed robbery attack alert
1 Ship’s name, call sign, IMO number, INMARSAT IDs (plus ocean region
code) and MMSI
2 Reference of initial PIRACY/ARMED ROBBERY ALERT
3 Ship’s position (and time of position UTC)

Latitude/Longitude
Course /Speed KTS
4 Details of incident, e.g.:

Was the incident happened while sailing, at anchor or at berth?
Method of attack
Description/number of suspicious boats
Number and brief description of pirates/robbers
What kind of weapons did the pirates/robbers carry?
Any other information (e.g. language spoken)
Injuries to crew and passengers
Damages to ship (Which part of the ship was attacked?)
Brief details of stolen property/cargo
Action taken by the master and crew
Was the incident reported to the coastal authority and to whom?
Action taken by the coastal state
5 Last observed movements of pirates/suspicious boats, e.g.:
Date/time/course/position/speed
6 Assistance required
7 Preferred communications with reporting ship, e.g.:

Appropriate Coast Radio Station
HF/MF/VHF/INMARSAT IDs (plus ocean region code) /MMSI
8 Date/time of report (UTC)
(2) Sample report formats

Follow-up report(Piracy/armed robbery attack alert)
date month year
Date/time of report (U T C) / / / ( h m)
Ship`s Callsign
name
Port of IMO
registry number
INMARSAT IDs (plus ocean region code) Preferred communication with reporting ship
MMSI Tonnage Main cargo Number of crew
Time of incident date month year
(U T C) / / ( h m)
Position of incident
LAT.( - ) N/S LONG.( - ) E
From ( ): T.Bearing ( ) deg. Dist.( ) mile
Name of country ( ) Name of port or harbour ( ) Name of wharf, pier etc. ( )
Outline of the incident

Situation □ While sailing □ While drifting □ At anchor □ At berth
of navigation
□ Actual □ Attempted
Method of attack
□ Enforced stop □ Invasion with armed □ Invasion with unarmed
□ Founding out after the incident
・Hull's colour ( ) ・Bridge's colour ( )
Description/number
of suspect craft ・Ship type ( ) ・Number of crafts ( )
・Number ( persons) Language spoken ( )

Number/description
of pirates/robbers ・Dress ( Tidy ・Average ・P o o r ) Race ( )
Guns (Gun ・ Rifle ・） Number ( )

Kind of weapons
Edged tools (Knife・Sword・） N u m ｂe r （）
Others ( ) □ Unarmed
Injuries to crew and (□Y・□N）

passengers If any,
description
(□Y・□N）
Damage to ship If any,
description
Details of stolen (□Y・□N）
property/cargo If any,
description
Action taken by the
master and crew
Was incident reported to the coastal authority and (□Y・□N）/ O t h e r s ( )
to whom?
Action taken by the
Coastal State
Matters in connection with the incident (e.g.:Movements of pirate/suspect craft, Assistanace required)
※Please forward this report to IMB(PRC).

VI. Tables of Measures to be Taken to Deter Pirate Attacks
A. Pre-Departure Inspections/Preparations and At-Anchor Measures

Item Content Remark
① Anti-piracy ○ Instruct crew about policies
measures on advanced preparations to
deter pirate attacks and basic
measures to be taken when
disasters take place.
② Information on the ○ Strictly instruct crew not to Dispatching of
movement of your disclose more information to information
ship outsiders than necessary on by wire on
shipments, departure times, shipments,
destinations, etc. supplies and
○ Instruct crew to be fully the movement
vigilant when they transmit of your ship
information on cargoes and should be
other supplies onboard their carried out
ship. with care.
③ Promotion of ○ Promotion of thorough Instructions
thorough understanding of ship security on roles of the
understanding of plans regarding crew and
ship security plans a) Enhancement of patrols drills
among crew and effective use of
illumination devices and
guards to reinforce detection
capabilities
b) Measures to be taken by
crew when they are attacked
c) Recommended wire
warning procedures
d) Reports to be made after
attacks take place
e) Measures to be taken to
deal with dangerous
situations that result from
overreaction
④ Safekeeping of ○ Measures to be taken to
money and other keep money and other
valuables valuables safe in
consideration of the fact that
the master and the chief
officer are more likely to be a
target
⑤ Drills for security ○ Drills for security plans, These drills
plan including various procedures should
Procedure for issuing actually be
warnings and signals as well carried out.
as sufficient drills
○ Drills for learning to use
surveillance equipment
installed onboard your ship
⑥ Master’s ○ The master should make
instructions clear of his ship’s basic
anti-piracy policies.
⑦ Preparation and ○ Prepare a sailing schedule

reporting of sailing with planned ports of call and
schedules estimated time of arrival, and
report it to the head office of
the operating company.
○ When calling a port where
piracy often occurs, it should
be taken into account to
adjust the time of arrival and
to shorten the period of time
as much as possible during
which your ship is moored at
the port and exposed to piracy
risks. It will be possible by
decreasing speed or detouring
the course from coast line,
etc.
⑧ Limitation on ○ Allow a minimum number
visitors of their party access to your
ship while at anchor, and be
sure to check visitors’ names,
and arrival and departure
times.
⑨ Monitoring of ○ Be sure to check the number Designate the
cargo handling of dockworkers, their names crew in charge
dockworkers and their departure times. of this duty.
⑩ Checking of ○ Check whether or not there
suspicious are suspicious individuals,
individuals particularly around your ship.
⑪ Taking pictures of ○ Take pictures of visitors for
visitors the purpose of deterring them
from launching attacks .
(Keep those pictures on file
for future criminal
investigations.)
⑫ Onboard ○ Carry out sufficient Designate the
inspections pre-departure onboard crew in charge
inspections. of this duty.
⑬ Securing safety of ○ Open/close the door of each Designate the
all entrance/exit onboard cabin and section as crew in charge
doors well as other doors, and of this duty.
secure the safety of crew. (It Draw up
is necessary to create safety respective
zones in the accommodation checklists for
quarters that will be difficult doors (on
for intruders to gain access deck, in
to.) crews’
○ Regardless of whether it is quarters and
day or night, secure all doors the engine
and windows leading to the room) in
bridge, engine room, accordance
operation room and crews’ with the type
quarters. Use BARLOCK, etc of your ship,
if necessary. and confirm
○ Lock or seal unnecessary those doors
lockers and unused cabins. are secured at
○ Shut off access to TRAP, all times.
etc and other hatchways with
wire, etc. In particular,
access to the hatchways
between the stern and the
quarters should be strictly
closed up.
○ Crew should not leave
safety zones at night unless
they are on duty such as
patrol.
⑭ Security at ports of ○ Have security guards and
call local port authorities contact
each other.
⑮ Reliability of ○ Have security companies
security guards send reliable security
personnel.
⑯ On-duty and ○ Encourage onboard patrols.
onboard patrols Crews’ quarters should be
inspected prior to departures.
⑰ Reducing the ○ Keep the amount of money
amount of money in cashboxes to a minimum.
kept in onboard
cashboxes
B. When intruded by pirates while your ship is at anchor or moored
Item Content Remark
① Early detection ○ Detect pirate intrusion at an
early stage by performing
patrols on a regular basis.
② Discovery of ○In case suspicious individuals
suspicious are discovered during patrol
individuals or from the bridge,
immediately report this by
wire to the bridge.
③ Application of ○ When suspicious individuals
illumination are discovered, turn on
devices illumination devices covering
as wide an area as possible to
give them a warning and
blind them. (Flashing on and
off searchlights, etc.)
④ Audio warnings ○ Give a warning and raise the
alarm onboard ship by using
loudspeakers, sounding a
blast, and shouting.
⑤ Assembling of ○ Have crew assemble at
crew safety zones, count heads and
have them report their
locations.
⑥ Escaping all at ○ If crew cannot escape into
once safety zones when under
pirate attacks, go to
previously designated
temporary shelters.
C. Preparations to be made when your ship has left port or is at sea
Item Content Remark
① Selection of routes ○ Take routes to avoid
dangerous waters where
piracy often occurs as much
as possible.
○ Take routes in waters where
rescue systems are sufficient.
② Adjustment of ○ As surveys indicate that
freeboard many ships with a freeboard
of 8 meters or less are
attacked, heighten the
freeboard by adjusting
ballast, if possible.
③ Prohibition on ○ Crew are not allowed to
leaving safety leave safety zones after
zones at night sunset.
④ Enhancement of ○ Add one crew to the bridge
patrols by crew patrolling team to reinforce it.
○ Strengthen onboard
surveillance systems by
encouraging more strict
patrols by dispatching more
watchkeepers. In particular,
focus more on blind zones,
such as the stern, and the
hours between 20:00 and
06:00.
⑤ Using equipment ○ Strengthen radar-based
to enhance of surveillance and station crew
surveillance and at this duty around the clock.
detection ○ Prepare to check whether
capabilities devices, such as wireless,
VTF, navigation satellite
systems, ShipLock, FLEET
WATCH, and INMARSAT,
can work and learn to operate
them or not.
⑥ Preparation of ○ Prepare and operate
illumination searchlights and portable flare
devices signals.
⑦ Closing and ○ Close and secure all doors in
securing of all and leading to quarters after
doors to quarters sunset. (For example,
entry/exit should not be
allowed after 17:00)
⑧ Designation and ○ Manage doors to deter
management of intruders from entering the
doors to be used in bridge, engine room and
case of emergency steering house and in
consideration of emergency
situations.
⑨ Preparation of ○ Raise the alarm onboard Blasts or
audio warnings ship as early as possible when sirens.
an attack is likely, or prepare
and inspect devices to give
warnings to approaching
boats.
⑩ Use of ○ Enhance surveillance via Have ship’s
high-performance long- and short-distance owner keep an
electronic visual radar, infrared detectors, EGC receiver
equipment noctovision, etc. turned on at
all times.
⑪ GMDDS ○ Input an INMARSAT C
message program and store it
in the computer system’s
memory.
⑫ Installation of ○ Install scarecrows as
scarecrows camouflaged crew at the
bridge, etc and elsewhere to
indicate that your ship is on
the alert.
⑬ Radio watch ○ Maintain 24-hour wireless Secure
contact with appropriate coast frequencies
guard and port authorities and for distress
have an EGC receiver and safety
available around the clock. issues,
particularly a
VHF16
channel and
2.182 KHz.
⑭ Preparation of ○ Prepare high-pressure hoses
high-pressure fire to counter pirates and
pumps discharge water on a trial
basis.
○ Keep wash-deck pumps
open all day to discharge
water from the stern, which is
vulnerable to intrusion.
⑮ Operation of ○ Keep monitoring onboard
onboard televisions developments via televisions
and surveillance and surveillance cameras.
cameras
⑯ Placement of ○ Set up barbed wire and other
obstacles on main physical obstacles to deter
isles intruders.
D. When pirates are approaching while your ship is at sea
Item Content Remark
① Monitoring of ○ Keep monitoring by radar
approaching boats and with your eyes if your
ship is chased by pirates.
○ Keep in mind that some
small pirate boats are hard to
detect on the radar.
② Issuance of ○ Give a verbal warning via a
warnings to speaker to a boat following or
approaching boats sailing nearby in the same
direction or sound a warning
blast.
③ Enhancement of ○ Enhance patrols on the bow
omni-directional and stern.
patrols
④ Short-distance ○ Monitor an approaching
radar boat.
⑤ Monitoring via ○ Check the movement of a
infrared sensors suspicious boat approaching.
⑥ Strengthening of ○ Turn on as many lights as In principle,
illumination possible to the extent that it refrain from
devices will not hinder safe switching on
navigation. deck lights
○ In accordance with rules for while your
the prevention of ship ship is at sea.
collisions, turn on as many
lights as possible to the extent
that it will not hinder safe
navigation. Upgrade
illumination devices on the
bow deck and stern.
⑦ Detection of ○ Use radar as supplementary It is necessary
approaching boats equipment, use flare signals to confirm
systematically. whether an
approaching
boat is pirate
or not.
⑧ On the alert ○ Raise the alarm onboard
ship (a blast and a general
alarm) and issue a volley of
announcements to force
pirates or armed robbers to go
away. Put crew on alert and
dispatch them to defensive
positions.
⑨ Discharging of ○ For the purpose of securing
high-pressure crew’s safety, discharge
water high-pressure water from
existing fire pumps to deter
intruders from boarding your
ship.
⑩ Deterrent of pirates ○ In case an approaching boat
from approaching is deemed to be pirates,
by opting for hinder its movements by
rudder angles opting for sharp rudder
angles.
○ Maintain maximum possible
speed.
⑪ Use of distress ○ Flares should not be used
signal flares unless your ship is in distress
or in serious danger.
E. When a pirate boat is alongside/intruders have boarded while your ship
is at sea
Item Content Remark
① Issuance of ○ Issue a voice warning or
warning to pirates sound a blast to deter pirates
alongside your ship from coming alongside and
boarding your ship.
② Reporting to RCC ○ If pirates or armed robbers
(Primary report) are apparently launching an
attack against your ship,
report the situations at once to
the Rescue Coordination
Center (RCC) in charge of
waters where your ship is
navigating, through all
possible radio stations, all
possible radio communication
including VHF and
INMARSAT devices on
designated manner.
Make a report in one of the
following ways.
1. If you have witnessed a
suspicious behavior that
could develop into an attack,
…………….a safety
report
2. If you are clearly exposed to
the threat of being attacked,
.……………an emergency
report
3. If you are already under
attack, and further danger is
imminent,
….………….a distress report
○ Furthermore, for the purpose
of sending out warnings to
other ships, inform all CQs of
danger on a VHF channel.
③ Withdrawal of ○ Have all crew withdraw into
crew to safety safety zones.
zones
④ Sending out danger ○ When your ship needs to be
report rescued, send out danger
reports to the RCC in charge
of the waters where your ship
is navigating or to all radio
stations by all wireless
means, such as VHF 16
channel, 2,183KHz and
INMARSAT communication
devices.
○ After issuing an appropriate
distress notice (MAYDAY,
DSC, etc.), have crew make
distress reports.
⑤ In case no attack ○ If no attack was launched
occur after sending even though your ship had
out danger report made danger reports, cancel
the said reports to all radio
stations as soon as possible.
⑥ Deterring pirates ○ Deter pirate boats from
from approaching approaching alongside and
and boarding by intruders boarding your ship
opting for sharp by opting for sharp rudder
rudder angles angles.
⑦ Measures to be ○ When crew are under pirate
taken when crew control, make every effort to
are under pirate rescue them. In accordance
control with the master’s judgment,
take action to compel the
pirates to leave the ship after
the hostages are released.
⑧ Ceasing anti-piracy ○ Once your ship has Do not chase
measures successfully deterred pirates pirates in an
from approaching and effort to deter
boarding, return to normal them from
rudder angles and cease renewing their
discharging water. attack.
⑨ Basic action to be ○ Give the highest priority to
taken for safety the safety of individuals
onboard ship.
○ Maintain a sufficient
number of operating crew.
○ Force intruders out of your
ship as soon as possible.
⑩ Prohibition on use ○ Strictly prohibit use of
of firearms firearms to defend crew or the
ship.
⑪ Securing the safety ○ Even if your ship and crew
of your ship are under pirate control, give
constant consideration so as
not to allow danger to prevail
upon the ship herself if she
carries dangerous cargoes.
⑫ Measures to be ○ The master or watchofficer
taken when your should calmly negotiate with
ship is under pirate pirates to secure the safety of
control the ship and crew, to maintain
navigation, to secure safety of
hostages and their release, to
compel the pirates to leave
the ship.
⑬ Turning on ○ Keep onboard television on
onboard televisions to record the development.
⑭ Measures to be ○ Convince pirates that
taken when money nothing is being hidden.
and other valuables
are robbed
F. Actions to be taken after being attacked by pirates
Item Content Remark
① Confirmation of ○ Have crew remain in safety
the pirates leaving zones until you confirm that
the ship the pirates have left the ship.
② Sirens ○ Inform the crew of pirates
have left the ship by speakers
and sirens.
③ Post-attack report ○ In accordance with
(Report made follow-up reports of
afterwards) APPENDIX 2 – SHIP’S
MESSAGE FORMATS –
report to the relevant RCC
and other security
organization via the RCC.
Keep in mind that when your
ship send out a primary
report, include in a
post-attack report what
organization the report was
sent to and what the
organization did.
Give warnings to other ships
navigating nearby regardless
of whether they are within or
beyond the waters your ship
is in.
○ Information on your ship,
location, specifications and
features, damage and details
about the pirates (their
number, the direction they
headed for, etc.)
④ Measures to be ○ If some crew were killed, or
taken if there were your ship was badly
any casualties damaged, report to the ship’s
owner and the maritime
affairs authority of the flag
state.
⑤ Submission of ○ Submit detailed reports to
reports relevant authorities in charge
of waters where your ship
was attacked.
○ Submit cassette tapes,
photographs, and other
records if necessary.
G. Basic items on anti-piracy measures to be taken by the ship
Item Content Remark
① Designation of ○ Establishment of safety
safety zones in zone-structured facilities that
crews’ quarters can deter pirates from
(Prevent entry) entering by securing doors,
laminated-glass windows and
stairways
② Enhancement of ○ Monitoring and early
patrols in identification of approaching
piracy-prone boats and intruders by
waters increasing watchkeepers,
(Early discovery) eyesight, electronic devices,
television, surveillance
cameras and making use of
various equipment
③ Action to be taken ○ Indication of your ship
to indicate your being on the alert by using
ship is on the alert audio and illumination
(To give warnings) devices to the extent that safe
navigation is not hindered
④ Issuance of ○ Issuance of audio and
warnings to illumination warnings to
suspicious boats approaching boats and
(Show of force) maneuvering to deter boats
from approaching
⑤ Contacting ○ Making reports at an early
authorities at an stage of the pirates approach
early stage when or how your ship/crew are
damage occurred damaged/ injured by various
(Early notice) communication devices

Manual For Piracy

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海賊被害防止のための船上における訓練の手引き

Manual for Onboard Anti-Piracy Security Drill

Japan Maritime Research Institute

Since late 1990’s, it is a regret that there is a gradually growing number

I. Concepts Behind This Manual

II. Notes on Using This Manual

III. Drills Designed to Cope with Pirate Attacks

V.Report Items When Damages Occur

VI. Tables of Measures to be Taken to Deter Pirate Attacks

This manual was organized in consideration of the following concepts.

＜Concepts for drills＞

2. Drills should be simple, not taking much time.

3. Drills should never place pressure on planners or participants.

4. Drills should be routine procedures.

① Drills are broken into parts.

＜Points to note when encountering pirates＞

1. What action should be taken to deter pirate attacks?

The basic structure of the drills is roughly as follows.

① Items of drill (content)

[ １ ] Raising the alarm onboard ship (No.1)

※ Some ships discharge water continuously when they are in dangerous

※ When navigating in dangerous waters where pirates may attack, it is

※ In switching on all the lights at the same time, it may temporarily

Following are examples of such equipment.

＜Drill for setting scarecrows＞

＜Drill for setting rat guard walls＞

Following are examples of lifesaving equipment, which are used as measures

○ Rocket parachute flares

Based on the guidelines, it is desirable to carry out this drill in advance to

① Act in groups as much as possible and avoid being alone.

※ This drill may be carried out together with rescue-related drills.

Be aware as such cases are common pirate attack scenarios.

Following are examples of anti-hijacking and anti-piracy measures being

(1) Measures taken in respect to the operation of ships

(2) Examples of onboard equipment that contributes to deterring pirate attacks

③ Advance detection of contact (approach of suspicious boats to nearby areas

⑤ Deterring pirates from boarding

(4) Confirmation of ship movements

◆ An example of station plan for pirate attacks

Cargo Operations Team

(1) Ship’s message format as recommended by the IMO

Report 1 – Initial message – Piracy/armed robbery attack alert

2 Ship’s position (and time of position UTC)

2 Reference of initial PIRACY/ARMED ROBBERY ALERT

3 Ship’s position (and time of position UTC)

4 Details of incident, e.g.:

7 Preferred communications with reporting ship, e.g.:

8 Date/time of report (UTC)

(2) Sample report formats

MMSI Tonnage Main cargo Number of crew

Time of incident date month year

LAT.( - ) N/S LONG.( - ) E

From ( ): T.Bearing ( ) deg. Dist.( ) mile

Name of country ( ) Name of port or harbour ( ) Name of wharf, pier etc. ( )

Outline of the incident

・Number ( persons) Language spoken ( )

Guns (Gun ・ Rifle ・ ） Number ( )

Injuries to crew and (□Y・□N）

※Please forward this report to IMB(PRC).

A. Pre-Departure Inspections/Preparations and At-Anchor Measures

⑦ Preparation and ○ Prepare a sailing schedule

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Guns (Gun ・ Rifle ・） Number ( )