BANGKAL HIGH SCHOOL

Gen Malvar cor Apolinario Sts., Bangkal, Makati City

SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT

FIRST PERIODIC EXAMINATION

GRADE 10 SCIENCE

DIRECTION. Read the following items carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The deepest part of the seafloor that is produced by subduction process is

A. Rift valley B. ocean ridge C. trench D. canyon
2. To determine how far away from a seismograph station an earthquake occurred, scientists plot the difference in
arrival times between...
A. P and S waves B. S and L waves C. P and L waves D. seismic waves and tsunamis
3. Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest?
A. L wave B. P wave C. S wave D. surface wave
4. What is the minimum number of seismograph stations a scientist must have data from in order to locate the
epicenter of an earthquake?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5. You were asked to locate the epicenter of a recent earthquake. Which correct sequence of events should you
follow?
I. Determine the difference in the arrival time of S and P waves recorded from each of the seismological stations.
II. Use the triangulation method to locate the center.
III. Obtain data from three different seismological stations.
IV. Determine the distance of the epicenter from the station.

A. I, III, II, IV B. III, I, IV, II C. III, IV, I, II D. IV, II, I, III

6. What do you expect to find parallel to a trench?

A. Hot spot B. ocean ridge C. rift valley D. volcanoes
7. In a hot spot, Volcano A is on top of the mantle plume, Volcano B is 10 km farther from A while Volcano C is the
farthest. What can you infer about the ages of the volcanoes?
A. Volcano A is older than C C. Volcano B is the youngest
B. Volcano B is the oldest D. Volcano B is younger than C
8. Right in the middle of an island, you can find a rift valley. What type of plate boundary exists on that island?
A. Convergent B. divergent C. normal fault D. transform fault

For numbers 9-10, study the diagram below.

A B

9. Plates A and B shows a divergent boundary. If Plate C is adjacent to both plates and does not show any relative
motion, what type of plate boundary is present between A and C?
A. Divergent B. Convergent C. Transform D. Strike and Slip
10. What geologic event is most likely to happen at the given type of plate boundary in number 9?
A. Earthquake B. mountain formation C. rift valley formation D. volcanic eruption
11. Which of the following is the difference between P and S waves?
A. P waves are the faster waves that arrive at seismographs first, before S waves
B. P waves are the primary waves that push and pull as they travel from the earthquake focus
C. P waves are the slower waves that arrive at seismographs second, after S waves
D. both a and b
12. . When two tectonic plates collide, the oceanic crust usually subducts beneath the continental crust because it is
A. denser than continental crust C. thicker than continental crust
B. less dense than continental crust D. thinner than continental crust
13. Which of the following is the factors that cause the formation of a current?
A. The difference in density in the molecules is caused by the difference in temperature.
B. The rate of heating at the bottom and the rate of cooling at the top.
C. Amount of heat supplied to the substance.
D. All of the above
14. If you will visit a place known to be along diverging plates, which of these should you expect to see?
A. active volcanoes B. mountain ranges C. rift valleys D. volcanic islands
15. From a seismogram, the distance to the epicenter can be determined by measuring
A. the arrival time of surface wave
B. the difference in the arrival times of the P and S waves
C. the ratio of the amplitude of the largest P and S waves
D. the speed of the surface wave

16. You were provided with data showing the arrival time of the P and S waves recorded from three seismic
stations. Which of these can you possibly determine?
A. the damage of the focus C. the intensity of the earthquake
B. the distance of the earthquake D. the location of the epicenter
17. . Which provides the BEST evidence for the theory that faults and volcanoes are results of tectonic plate
interactions?
A. Faults and volcanoes existed long before there were tectonic plates
B. Faults on tectonic plates are in constant motion, but volcanoes may not erupt many years
C. Faults and volcanoes are often found at tectonic plate boundaries
D. Tectonic plates that have many faults do not usually have volcanoes
18. The lithospheric plates are believed to be moving slowly. What is the driving force that facilitates this
movement?
A. gravitational force of the moon C. Convection current in the mantle
B. Magnetic force at the poles D. The force of the atmosphere
19. If all the inner layers of the Earth are firm solid, what could have happened to Pangaea?
A. It remained as a supercontinent C. It would have slowly disappeared in the ocean
B. It would have become as it is today D. It would have stretched and covered the whole world.
20. Which of the following can you infer from the continuous movement of the lithospheric plates over the
asthenosphere?
A. All the continents will cease to exist
B. All of the volcanoes in the Philippines will become inactive
C. The continents will not be located in the same place as they are now.
D. The islands of the Philippines will become red all over the world.
21. Who were the two scientists who proposed the theory of seafloor spreading in the early 1960s?
A. Charles Darwin and James Hutton C. John Butler and Arthur Smite
B. Harry Hess and Robert Dietz D. F. Vine and D. Mathews
22. According to Alfred Wegener, what is the name of the Mesozoic Supercontinent that consisted of all of the
present continents?
A. Eurasia B. Laurasia C. Pangaea D. Gondwanaland
23. As a new seafloor is formed at the mid-ocean ridge, the old seafloor farthest from the ridge is destroyed. Which
of the stated processes describes how the oceanic crust plunges into the Earth and destroyed at the mantle?
A. Convection B. Construction C. Diversion D. subduction
24. Which of the following is not the evidence to prove the Continental Drift Theory?
A. Fossil correlation C. age of rocks on the ocean floor
B. shape of the continents D. Rock and Mountain correlation
25. What makes up the lithosphere?
A. continental crust C. Oceanic crust and continental crust
B. Crust and the upper mantle D. upper mantle
26. The movement of the lithospheric plates is facilitated by a soft, weak and plastic-like layer. Which of the
following layers is described in the statement?
A. Asthenosphere B. Atmosphere C. Lithosphere D. Mantle
27. What do you expect to find at a mid-ocean ridge?
A. relatively young rocks C. thick accumulations of sediments
B. reverse fault D. very ancient rocks
28. Crustal Plate is moving away from Crustal Plate B. What is the expected average rate of change in position
between A and B?
A. a few centimeters per year C. a few millimeters per century
B. a few meters per month D. a few millimeters per day
29. Which plate boundary is the reason in the formation of Iceland?
A. convergent B. divergent C. reverse fault D. transform fault
30. What is the thinnest and outermost layer of the Earth?
A. mantle B. inner core C. crust D. outer core
31. What do you call the process where-in the North Pole is transformed into a South Pole and the South Pole
becomes the North Pole?
A. Magnetic change B. Magnetic reversal C. Magnetic compass D. Magnetic field
32. How will you relate the distribution of mountain ranges with the distribution of earthquake epicenters and
volcanoes?
A. Mountain ranges cannot be found in places where volcanoes and earthquake epicenters exists.
B. Only volcanoes and earthquake epicenters are found in the same places and mountain ranges are located far
from them.
C. Mountain ranges, earthquake epicenters and volcanoes are found in the same places.
D. Earthquake epicenters cannot be found in places where volcanoes and mountain ranges are located.
33. An S-wave shadow zone is formed as seismic waves travel through the Earth’s body. Which of the following
statements does this S-wave shadow zone indicate about the earth’s interior?
A. the inner core is liquid C. the mantle is solid
B. the inner core is solid D. the outer core is liquid
34. The layer that makes up most of the earth's mass and volume is the
A. mantle B. magma C. crust D. core
35. What is the hottest layer in the Earth?
A. Mantle B. Inner Core C. Crust D. Outer core
36. Which layer of the earth is a solid and why?
A. The inner core is solid because of the movement of the outer core.
B. The inner core is solid because of the low pressure and below freezing temperatures.
C. The inner core is solid because of a balance between hot and cold temperatures.
D. The inner core is solid because of the sky high pressure and temperatures.
37. Convection currents in our Earth's mantle drives the process that moves our
A. crusts B. oceans C. clouds D. volcanoes
38. In seafloor spreading, the further the ocean floor is away from the mid-ocean ridge, the ______that floor will be.
A. newer B. younger C. rockier D. older
39. Harry Hess' theory of __________ explained how ocean crust is generated and destroyed.
A. continental drift B. seafloor spreading C. plate tectonics D. continental movement
40. What materials make up the inner core?
A. iron and nickel C. iron and magnesium
B. Iron and steel D. iron and steel
41. Although Wegener proposed his continental drift theory in 1915, it was not widely accepted until the 1960s.
Why not?
A. Continental drift still did not explain the presence of marine fossils in the Himalayas.
B. Wegener's book was not read outside of Germany.
C. Wegener had not proposed a driving force for the movement of the continents.
D. Wegener had looked only at South America and Africa.
42. Which of the following properties of seismic waves are NOT the base used by scientists to study the structure
and composition of the Earth’s interior?
A. speed B. reflection C. refraction D. interference
43. Which of the following shows that the outer core is made up of iron?
A. Iron and nickel are both dense and magnetic
B. The overall density of the earth is much lower than the density of the rocks in the crust
C. Earth has a magnetic field.
D. all of the above
44. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below. The diagram shows a model of the
relationship between Earth's surface and its interior.
 Mid-ocean ridges (rifts) normally form where tectonic plates are
A. moving toward one another (converging) C. stationary
B. moving apart from one another (diverging) D. sliding past each other
45. The diagram below shows the magnetic polarity preserved by minerals within the bedrock of the oceanic crust
near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations in the ocean-floor bedrock.

The most recently formed bedrock is found at location

A. A B. B C. C D. D
46. Which of the following is the slowest but most destructive type of seismic wave?
A. P-wave B. S-wave C. surface wave D. tidal wave
47. Which of the choices refers to the paper record of an earthquake?
A. seismograph B. seismogram C. weight D. rotating drum
48. Which earthquake waves travel through the earth’s solid and liquid layers?
A. only P-waves C. only P-waves and surface waves
B. only P-waves and S-waves D. P-waves, S-waves and surface waves
49. Which of the choices refers to the area on Earth’s surface directly above the point where the rock layer breaks?
A. epicenter B. hypocenter C. point of intensity D. point of magnitude
50. Who were the two scientists who proposed the theory of seafloor spreading in the early 1960s?
A. Charles Darwin and James Hutton C. John Butler and Arthur Smite
B. Harry Hess and Robert Dietz D. F. Vine and D. Mathews