BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

440:1995

Welding
consumables —
Wire electrodes and
deposits for gas
shielded metal arc
welding of non alloy
and fine grain steels —
Classification

The European Standard EN 440:1994 has the status of a

British Standard

UDC 621.791.042:621.791.754:669.141.15
BS EN 440:1995

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical

Committee WEE/39, Welding consumables, upon which the following bodies
were represented:

Aluminium Federation
Associated Offices Technical Committee
Association of Welding Distributors
British Association for Brazing and Soldering
British Compressed Gases Association
British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd.
British Steel Industry
Electricity Association
Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association
Lloyd’s Register of Shipping
Magnesium Industry Council
Power Generation Contractors Association [PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)]
Process Plant Association
Stainless Steel Wire Industry Association
Welding Institute
Welding Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
Coopted member

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board (E/-), was
published under the
authority of the Standards
Board and comes
into effect on Amendments issued since publication
15 March 1995
Amd. No. Date Comments
© BSI 12-1998

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference WEE/39
Draft for comment 91/70925 DC

ISBN 0 580 23786 9

 BS EN 440:1995

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/39 and is
the English language version of EN 440:1994 Welding consumables — Wire
electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine
grain steels — Classification, published by the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN).
EN 440 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the United
Kingdom took an active part.
This standard supersedes BS 2901-1:1983 which is withdrawn.

Cross references
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
EN 439:1994 BS EN 439:1994 Welding consumables — Shielding gases
for arc welding and cutting
ISO 31-0:1992 BS 5775 Specification for quantities, units and symbols
Part 0:1993 General principles

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.

© BSI 12-1998 i
ii blank
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 440
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 1994

UDC 621.791.042:621.791.754:669.141.15

Descriptors: Welding, arc welding, gas shielded welded, welding electrodes, wire, unalloyed steels, low alloyed steels, manganese steels,
classifications, symbols, chemical composition, mechanical properties

English version

Welding consumables — Wire electrodes and deposits for

gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain
steels — Classification

Produits consommables pour le soudage — Schweißzusätze — Drahtelektroden und

Fils électrodes et dépôts pour le soudage à Schweißgut zum Metall-Schutzgasschweißen
l’arc sous gaz des aciers non alliés et des aciers von unlegierten Stählen und
à grain fin — Classification Feinkornstählen — Einteilung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-09-09. CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 440:1994 E
EN 440:1994

Foreword Contents
This European Standard was prepared by the Page
Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, the Committees responsible Inside front cover
secretariat of which is held by DS.
Foreword 2
The Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 decided to
0 Introduction 3
submit the final draft to the formal vote. The result
was positive. 1 Scope 3
Annex A is informative and contains the 2 Normative references 3
bibliography. 3 Classification 3
This European Standard shall be given the status of 4 Symbols and requirements 3
a national standard, either by publication of an 4.1 Symbol for the product/process 3
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
4.2 Symbol for strength and elongation of
March 1995, and conflicting national standards
all-weld metal 3
shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1995.
4.3 Symbol for impact properties of
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
all-weld metal 4
Regulations, the following countries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria, 4.4 Symbol for shielding gas 4
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 4.5 Symbol for the chemical composition
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, of wire electrodes 4
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 5 Mechanical tests 6
Switzerland, United Kingdom.
5.1 Preheating and interpass temperatures 6
5.2 Welding conditions and pass sequence 6
6 Chemical analysis 6
7 Technical delivery conditions 6
8 Example of designation 6
Annex A (informative) Bibliography 7
Table 1 — Symbol for strength and elongation
of all-weld metal 3
Table 2 — Symbol for impact properties of
all-weld metal 4
Table 3 — Symbol for chemical composition
of wire electrodes 5
Table 4 — Welding conditions 6
Table 5 — Pass sequence 6
List of references Inside back cover

2 © BSI 12-1998
 EN 440:1994

0 Introduction 3 Classification
This standard proposes a classification in order to A wire electrode shall be classified according to its
designate wire electrodes in terms of their chemical composition in Table 3. A weld deposit
chemistry and, where required, in terms of the yield shall be classified with additional symbols according
strength, tensile strength and elongation of the to the mechanical properties of its all-weld metal,
all-weld metal. The ratio of yield to tensile strength using a shielding gas from a specific group. The
of weld metal is generally higher than that of parent classification of a weld deposit is divided into five
metal. Users should note that matching weld metal parts:
yield strength to parent metal yield strength will 1) the first part gives a symbol indicating the
not necessarily ensure that the weld metal tensile product/process to be identified;
strength matches that of the parent material.
2) the second part gives a symbol indicating
Where the application requires matching tensile
strength and elongation of the all-weld metal;
strength, therefore, selection of the consumable
should be made by reference to column 3 of Table 1. 3) the third part gives a symbol indicating impact
properties of the all-weld metal;
It should be noted that the mechanical properties of
all-weld metal test specimens used to classify the 4) the fourth part gives a symbol indicating the
electrodes will vary from those obtained in shielding gas used;
production joints because of differences in welding 5) the fifth part gives a symbol indicating the
procedure such as electrode size, width of weave, chemical composition of the wire electrode used.
welding position and material composition.
4 Symbols and requirements
1 Scope 4.1 Symbol for the product/process
This standard specifies requirements for The symbol of a wire electrode for the gas metal arc
classification of wire electrodes and weld deposits in welding process and/or the resulting weld deposit
the as-welded condition for gas shielded metal arc shall be the letter G placed at the beginning of the
welding of non alloy and fine grain steels with a designation.
minimum yield strength of up to 500 N/mm2. One
wire electrode may be tested and classified with 4.2 Symbol for strength and elongation of
different gases. all-weld metal
The classification of a weld deposit is based on tests The symbol in Table 1 indicates yield strength,
of the all-weld metal. tensile strength and elongation of the all-weld metal
in the as-welded condition determined in accordance
2 Normative references with clause 5.
This European Standard incorporates by dated or Table 1 — Symbol for strength and elongation
undated reference, provisions from other of all-weld metal
publications. These normative references are cited Symbol Minimum Tensile Minimum
at the appropriate places in the text and the yield strength elongationb
strengtha
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions N/mm2 N/mm2 %
of any of these publications apply to this European 35 355 440 – 570 22
Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the 38 380 470 – 600 20
latest edition of the publication referred to applies. 42 420 500 – 640 20
prEN 439, Welding consumables — Shielding gases 46 460 530 – 680 20
for arc welding and cutting.
50 500 560 – 720 18
prEN 759, Welding consumables — Technical
a For yield strength the lower yield (R ) shall be used when
delivery conditions for welding filler metals eL
including type of product, dimensions, tolerances yielding occurs, otherwise the 0,2 % proof strength (Rpo,2) shall
and marking. be used.
b Gauge length is equal to five times the specimen diameter.
prEN 1597-1, Welding consumables — Testing for
classification — Part 1: Test assembly for all-weld
metal test specimen in steel, nickel and nickel
alloys (00121112).
ISO 31-0, Quantities and units — Part 0: General
principles.

© BSI 12-1998 3
EN 440:1994

4.3 Symbol for impact properties of all-weld
metal
The symbol in Table 2 indicates the temperature at
which an average impact energy of 47 J is achieved
under the conditions given in clause 5. Three
specimens shall be tested. Only one individual value
may be lower than 47 J but not lower than 32 J.
When an all-weld metal has been classified for a
certain temperature, it automatically covers any
higher temperature in Table 2.
Table 2 — Symbol for impact properties of
all-weld metal
Symbol Temperature for minimum average impact
energy of 47 J
°C
4.4 Symbol for shielding gas
The symbols M and C indicate shielding gases as
described in EN 439.
The symbol M, for mixed gases, shall be used when
the classification has been performed with the
shielding gas EN 439 – M2, but without helium.
The symbol C shall be used when the classification
has been performed with shielding gas EN 439 – C1,
carbon dioxide.
4.5 Symbol for the chemical composition of
wire electrodes
The symbol in Table 3 indicates the chemical
composition of the wire electrode and includes an
indication of characteristic alloying elements.

Z No requirements
A + 20
0 0
2 – 20
3 – 30
4 – 40
5 – 50
6 – 60

4 © BSI 12-1998
 Table 3 — Symbol for chemical composition of wire electrodes
© BSI 12-1998

Symbol Chemical composition in % (m/m)abc

C Si Mn P S Ni Mo Al Ti + Zr
G0 Any agreed analysis not specified in this standard
G2Si 0,06 – 0,14 0,50 – 0,80 0,90 – 1,30 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,02 0,15
G3Si1 0,06 – 0,14 0,70 – 1,00 1,30 – 1,60 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,02 0,15
G4Si1 0,06 – 0,14 0,80 – 1,20 1,60 – 1,90 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,02 0,15
G3Si2 0,06 – 0,14 1,00 – 1,30 1,30 – 1,60 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,02 0,15
G2Ti 0,04 – 0,14 0,40 – 0,80 0,90 – 1,40 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,05 – 0,20 0,05 – 0,25
G3Ni1 0,06 – 0,14 0,50 – 0,90 1,00 – 1,60 0,020 0,020 0,80 – 1,50 0,15 0,02 0,15
G2Ni2 0,06 – 0,14 0,40 – 0,80 0,80 – 1,40 0,020 0,020 2,10 – 2,70 0,15 0,02 0,15
G2Mo 0,08 – 0,12 0,30 – 0,70 0,90 – 1,30 0,020 0,020 0,15 0,40 – 0,60 0,02 0,15
G4Mo 0,06 – 0,14 0,50 – 0,80 1,70 – 2,10 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,40 – 0,60 0,02 0,15
G2Al 0,08 – 0,14 0,30 – 0,50 0,90 – 1,30 0,025 0,025 0,15 0,15 0,35 – 0,75 0,15
a
If not specified Cr ≤ 0,15, Cu ≤ 0,35 and V ≤ 0,03. Residual copper content in the steel plus any coating shall not exceed 0,35 % (m/m).
b Single values shown in the table mean maximum values.
c The results shall be rounded to the same number of significant figures as in the specified value using the rules according to ISO 310, annex B, Rule A.

EN 440:1994
5
EN 440:1994

5 Mechanical tests 6 Chemical analysis

Tensile and impact tests and any required retests Chemical analysis shall be performed on specimens
shall be carried out in the as-welded condition using of the wire. Any analytical technique may be used,
an all-weld metal test assembly type 3 according to but in case of dispute reference shall be made to
prEN 1597-1 (00121112) using 1,2 mm diameter established published methods.
wire electrode and welding conditions as described NOTE See A.1 and A.2.
below in 5.1 and 5.2.
5.1 Preheating and interpass temperatures 7 Technical delivery conditions
Preheating is not required; welding may start from Technical delivery conditions shall meet the
room temperature. requirements in EN 759.
The interpass temperature shall be measured using
temperature indicator crayons, surface
8 Example of designation
thermometers or thermocouples. A weld deposit produced by gas-shielded metal arc
The interpass temperature shall not exceed 250 °C. welding having a minimum yield strength
If, after any pass, this interpass temperature is of 460 N/mm2 (46) and a minimum average impact
exceeded, the test assembly shall be cooled in air to energy of 47 J at – 30 °C (3) under mixed gas
a temperature below that limit. (see 4.4) using the wire G3Si1 is designated:
5.2 Welding conditions and pass sequence EN 440 – G 46 3 M G3Si1
A wire electrode complying with the chemical
The welding conditions in Table 4 shall be used with
requirement of G3Si1 in Table 3 is designated:
the pass sequence in Table 5.
EN 440 – G3Si1
The direction of welding to complete a layer
consisting of two passes shall not vary, but the where:
direction of welding of layers shall be alternated.
Table 4 — Welding conditions EN 440 = Standard number;
Diameter Welding Welding Contact tube G = Wire electrode and/or deposit/gas
current voltage distance shielded metal arc welding (see 4.1);
mm A V mm
46 = Strength and elongation
1,2 280 ± 20 a 20 (see Table 1);
a The welding voltage will depend on the choice of shielding 3 = Impact properties (see Table 2);
gas. M = Shielding gas (see 4.4);
Table 5 — Pass sequence G3Si1 = Chemical composition of the wire
Electrode Split weave electrode (see Table 3).
diameter
Layer No. Passes per Number of
layer layers
mm
1,2 1 to top 2a 6 to 10
a The top two layers may be completed with 3 passes per layer.

6 © BSI 12-1998
 EN 440:1994

Annex A (informative)
Bibliography
A.1 Handbuch für Eisenhüttenlaboratorium.
A.2 BS 6200-3, Sampling and analysis of iron, steel and other ferrous metals — Part 3: Methods of analysis.

© BSI 12-1998 7
8 blank
 BS EN 440:1995

List of references

See national foreword.

© BSI 1998
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