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One of the factors that an effective curriculum must consider is the ideology of a
society or nation. An ideology is a way of thinking which forms a basis for an
economic or political system. The ideology of the nation will determine the
curriculum a country will offer and this will change the way people perceive
things. Ideology can be described as the strong beliefs and ideas that a society
possesses. Changes in ideological perspectives in society also influence the
effectiveness of a curriculum and thus must be considered in any well-meaning
curriculum planning, development and implementationprocess. Kelly (2006:99)
agrees with this and says "Curriculum planning must be a commitment to an
ideology of knowledge, of education, of society and of humanity". Thus society's
needs and aspirations must be considered in an effective curriculum, a
curriculum must respond to the needs and challenges that society is faced with.
What people believe, their ideas and goals must be taken care of by the
curriculum planners. For example, in the early when Zambia gained her
independence, humanism the ideology of the new government was embedded
in the education curriculum system
All in all, a meaningful curriculum must take care of the changes in society in
areas such as: ideology, culture, institution and religion. These and other
determinants must be taken into consideration in relation to the society in which
a curriculum is to be implemented. Curriculum planners must carefully study the
changes in society so as to come up with a curriculum that is considerate of the
needs of a given society for which a curriculum is intended.