PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2

1st QUARTER

HISTORY OF SPORTS:

• Recorded for centuries

Sport of wrestling is depicted on ancient Egyptian urns known to be older than 4000 years
• Formal sport was a natural follow-up to children’s game
• Olympic Games revived in 1896
• Venue made for international competition in France.
• 1970s professional sport evolved
• Amateur removed from the Olympics in the 1980s
• Modern Olympic Games
Greatest media coverage
Drug use and abuse have tarnished the games

Football
Obviously it's widely-accepted that the English invented football, but whilst it's true that Englishmen were
responsible for founding of lots of the historical teams abroad, and we did have the first organized league, varieties of
football were actually played in Greece and China long before they found their way to England.

Cricket
Originated from a French game called 'baton', then much later came to the UK via Lancashire, though it's
wrongly credited as having its British origins from the South Downs.

Tennis
Originated in France.

Baseball
A British invention, with the first game thought to have been played in Yorkshire.

Rugby
Georgia. 'Lelo Burti', medieval folk sport played since the 11th century.

Snooker
France in 14th century
Golf
Scotland is widely-accepted as being the Home of Golf, but the game can actually be traced back to Utrecht,
Holland in the very early 17th century.

Badminton
India.
Boxing
Egypt (though ultimately people have always punched each other in the face).

Hocket
Holland
Basketball
It is one of the world's most popular and well-established sports. Originated in Canada, this amazing game is
played between two teams of five players each. In this game, teams try to earn points by throwing a ball into the hoop.

Volleyball
Holyoke, Massachusetts (United States)

Volleyball is a team sport which is played between two teams of six players each. The teams are separated by a net. Each
team tries to earn points by grounding the ball on the other team's court.
MOST COMMON SPORTS INJURIES

Sports Injury
Refers to the kinds of injury that occur during sports or exercise. While it is possible to injure any part of the
body when playing sports, the term sports injuries is commonly used to refer to injuries of the musculoskeletal system.

Causes of Sports Injuries

Individuals who engage in various activities such as sports and exercise have a higher risk of getting injured as
compared to those who practice a sedentary (inactive) lifestyle. However, the potential benefits of an active lifestyle
outweigh the risks of suffering an injury.

Most of the injuries are preventable and awareness of the risk factors will help in reducing the risk.
Furthermore, vigilance and safety measures can dramatically reduce the occurrence of injuries.

Injuries are damaged tissues or organs which occur when it encounters trauma or physical force that is greater
than what it can resist or absorb. The tissues are able to withstand varying degrees of stress and strain but it will break
down if it experiences an impact that is stronger than what it can tolerate.

Classification of Injuries

 Minor Injuries
It is minor in nature with localized inflammation, caused due to some damage to tissues, muscles or tendons.
This is caused by over use of affected part and relieved by sufficient rest and support
 Serious Injuries
There is a destruction of some tissues such as bursting of muscles, sprain of ligament, loss of tissue continuity
rapture of blood vessel, localized inflammation and acute pain around the affected part of the body.

Injuries
- Skin
Contusion, Abrasion, Laceration/Wound
- Muscles
Strain, Sprain
- Bones
Dislocation, Fracture

Contusion
It is injury caused below or impact without breaking the skin. In other words, it is the crushing of soft tissue by
violent external force without breaking the continuity of the skin. It caused by acute pain, loss of function of the injured
part, pain and sometimes swelling in that part.

Abrasion
It is an injury which is caused when skin is scrapped or rubbed by friction. It causes severe pain, sometimes
bleeding.

Laceration/Wound
It is the cut over the skin caused due to severe impact of object or the sharp edge

Strain
It is injury of muscles which is caused by the stress over the muscles or due to pull. In other words, this is caused
a violent stretch of muscles or over stretch of muscles beyond its normal limits. In strain muscles get damaged or
rapture causing acute pain, loss of function of injured muscles, local inflammation and swelling.

Sprains
is an injury to a ligament caused by tearing of the fibers of the ligament. The ligament can have a partial tear, or
it can be completely torn apart. Of all sprains, ankle and knee sprains occur most often. Sprained ligaments often swell
rapidly and are painful.

Dislocation
It is an injury of joints in which the adjoining bones are displaced from their original position. It may be
associated with sprain or fracture.
Fracture
In this injury, bone breaks up by some external pressure. It may be slight breakage, complete breakage or
complication fracture which may be very dangerous. This is to be handled by expert. First aid is to stop bleeding and
restrict further movements of that parts.

DO NOT FORGET
P – Protect
R – Rest
I – Ice application
C – Compression
E – Elevate

ACUTE INJURIES OVERUSE INJURIES

Sprain Stress Fracture
Strain Tendinopathy
Fracture Osteoarthritis
Dislocation Bursitis
Laceration/Wound
Abrasion

Individual, Dual, Team Sports

Sports Individual Dual Team

Badminton / /
Bowling /
Basketball /
Volleyball /
Lawn Tennis / /
Track and Field /
Table Tennis / /
Skating / /
Boxing /
Hockey /
Cricket /
Rugby /
Golf /
Soccer /
Baseball /